chapter 44 fabric care

7/27/2019 Chapter 44 Fabric Care

1/26

Chapter 44: Fabrics and

Their CareObjectives: Compare different

types of fibers, fabric construction,methods, and finishes.


2/26

Define the following key terms.

Fibersvery fine, hairlike strands of

various lengths.

Yarnsfibers that have been twisted or

grouped together.

Natural fibersfibers that come from

plants or animals.

Manufactured fibersfibers that are

formed completely or in part by chemicals.


3/26

Blenda yarn made from two or more

different fibers to take advantage of the

best features of each.

Fabric finishesspecial treatments that

improve the appearance, feel, or

performance of the fabric.

Colorfastthe color remains the same

over time.


4/26

Mildewa fungus that shows up as black

dots on clothes.

Woven fabrics: Weaving involves

interlacing two sets of yarns together at

right angles.

Plain weave is the most common weave.

You often see it in shirts and sheets.


5/26

Twill weave produces fabrics, such asdenim, that are stronger than those ofplain weave.

Satin weave produces smooth fabrics witha sheen but they are less durable. Someblouses and evening apparel are madefrom this weave.

Plainover and under 1; twillover andunder two; satinover and under 3.


6/26

Knits are constructed by pulling the loops

of yarn through other loops of yarn,

creating interlocking rows. Knit clothes

are comfortable and dont wrinkle easily.

Other fabric construction methods:

nonwovenfelt; made by matting or

bonding fibers with heat, moisture, oradhesives.


7/26

Other Construction Methods

Bondingfusing one fabric to another;

quiltingputting a fluffy layer between two

layers.


8/26

Answer the following questions:

1. How are fibers related to yarns?

Fibers are twisted or grouped together to

form yarns.

2. What is the key difference between

natural fibers and manufactured fibers?

Natural fibers come from plants oranimals. Manufactured fibers are made

completely or in part from chemicals.


9/26

4. Name three natural and threemanufactured fibers. List twocharacteristics of each.

NaturalCotton: Comfortable in warm weather;

strong; absorbent; shrinks; wrinkles.

Linen: (flax) Stronger than cotton;absorbent; comfortable; wrinkles easily.

,


10/26

Wool: (fleece of sheep) warm; resistswrinkles; repels water; shrinks easily; drycleaned.

Silk(cocoon of silk worm) lightweight;resists wrinkling; damaged by perspiration,deodorant, and high ironing temperatures.

Ramie(stems of China grass) strong withnatural luster; absorbent; washable, stifftexture = usually blended with other fibers.


11/26

Manufactured Fibers

Rayon: Absorbent; soft; comfortable;

drapes; shrinks; dry cleaning

recommended.

Polyester: Resists wrinkling and shrinking;

not absorbent; washable; dries fast;

attracts oily stains; tends to pill (form balls

on surface of fabric).


12/26

Nylon: Strong; lightweight; holds shape; Notabsorbent; static electricity; washable;dries quickly; sensitive to heat; white

nylon-yellow.Acrylic: Soft; warm; resists wrinkling; not

dried at high temperatures; some pillingand static electricity; resists fading.

Spandex: Often combined with other fibers;no bleach or high drying temperatures.


13/26

4. What is a blend? Give an example.

A yarn that is made from two or moredifferent fibers. Ex: polyester and cotton

5. Compare the construction andcharacteristics of woven and knit fabrics.

Woven fabrics: Are made with two sets of

yarns interlacing at right angles. Arestronger than knit and hold their shapebetter.


14/26

Knit fabrics: Are constructed by pulling

loops of yarn through other loops of yarn.

Stretch with movement and return to

original shape.

They do not wrinkle easily.


15/26

6. Give four examples of different purposesfor fabric finishes.

To improve appearance.

Improve feel.

Improve performance of fabric.

To add color or design.

To make water repellant.

To make softer, shinier, or crisper.


16/26

To make wrinkle-resistant.

Add soil-release finish.

7. What are two advantages of colorfastfabrics?

The color will remain the same over time.

Dye will not leach into other laundry.


17/26

8. Why is it important to take proper care ofclothes?

They will look good and last longer.

9. Describe three ways to treat a stain.

Rinse with cold water.

Use stain-removal towelette.

Soak with detergent o plain water.

Pretreat before washing.


18/26

10. Explain how to hand wash a garment.

Soak in sudsy water.

Gently squeeze suds through garment.Replace soapy water with fresh to rinse

garment.

Repeat rinse until no suds remain.


19/26


20/26

12. Why should some garments be pressedrather than ironed?

Garments such as knits should be pressed

rather than ironed to avoid stretching.13. How is dry cleaning different from regular

laundering?

Dry cleaning uses special chemicals, ratherthan water and detergent, to cleanclothes.


21/26


22/26


23/26

17.What is the advantage of a fiber blend?

It combines the best feature of each fiber.

18. What qualifies as a fabric finish?Special treatments that improve the

appearance, feel, or performance of a

fabric.


24/26

19. Why would you wash a garment

with like colors?

To prevent its dye from running intoother items.

20. When is the best time to treat stains?

As soon as possible.


25/26

21. List three factors to consider when

sorting laundry.

Care instructions.

Color.

Weight of items.

Linting.Amount of soil.


26/26

22. Identify three actions you can take to

deal with clothing stains.

chapter 44 fabric care

Documents