chapter 7: growth and division american history
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Chapter 7: Growth and Division American History. The Era of Good Feeling. Due to nationalism and only one party (Republicans) existing in power, Monroe’s presidency has been called the Era of Good Feeling - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 7: Growth and Division
American History
The Era of Good FeelingDue to nationalism and
only one party (Republicans) existing in power, Monroe’s presidency has been called the Era of Good Feeling
The nation was filled with pride, and new reforms and policies were beginning to make it a strong world power
Triumvirate, if you willThree men,
representatives in the United States, would be influential during this time period Henry Clay John C. Calhoun Daniel Webster
These men would literally make a triumvirate (three man power) on Capital Hill
Economic NationalismSecond Bank of the United States
Blocked re-chartering of First National Bank caused banks to use bank notes as money, and the government to borrow money to pay for the War of 1812 with higher interest attached to it
Calhoun proposed a second National BankWith help from Clay and Webster, it was passed
Tariff of 1816British goods were coming in at low costs, which
threatened to put companies out of businessThis tariff is a protective tariff, which taxes
imports in order to drive up prices
Judicial NationalismSeveral court cases
came during this era that would shape the nation’s legal systemMartin v. Hunter’s LesseMcCulloch v. MarylandGibbons v. Ogden
Each group will research this court case and present the case and the verdict to the class
Nationalist DiplomacyFlorida (Spanish colony) invaded by Seminole warriors
Separatist Threatened to stop U.S. forces from coming into Florida
Secretary of War Calhoun ordered Gen. Andrew Jackson to invade Florida
Instead of taking several Seminole villages, Jackson removed the governor of Florida
Spain ordered to punish him, but Secretary of State Adams defended him
Spain ceded Florida to the U.S. in the Adams-Onis Treaty
Monroe DoctrineNumber of factors contributed
to international diplomacy from the U.S.Spanish colonies declaring
independenceQuadruple Alliance (Britain,
Austria, Prussia, and Russia)U.S. had issues with Spanish
colonies and Russia coming to U.S. space
Monroe Doctrine was constructed to avoid European influence in U.S. affairs and interfering with the Americas
Early IndustryDuring the Monroe
Administration, the Industrial Revolution was beginning to occur in the United States Major innovations in
science, technology, and living
This period in history would lead to improvements in living conditions for Americans, as well as easier navigation systems
Major innovationsGather into 5 groups of 6 people and research
one of the following innovationsRoads and Turnpikes (pg. 246)Steamboats and Canals (pg. 247)Locomotives (pg. 247)Production (pgs. 247-248)Technological Advancements (pgs. 248-249)
Report on these in front of the class
Workers unite!With cities and factories
growing, workers began to unite in order to get better working conditions Labor unions
In order to stress the importance of their demands, labor unions organized strikes, or work stoppages Unsuccessful until later in
the 19th century
Southern economyUnlike the North, whose
economy was based primarily on textiles and metals, the South was based on agricultureThrived on several cash
crops, or crops that brought in money
The major crop that was raised in the South was cotton, which is used to make clothing
The Cotton Gin Before selling cotton, it was
required to pick out the many seeds inside the plant Took slaves a day to pick out a
pound of lint Eli Whitney invented the cotton
gin, which shortened the seed picking process Enabled hundreds of pounds of
cotton to be shipped daily Along with the cotton gin came
the increased revenue of the Southern economy, and the ability to buy more slaves
Southern societySouthern society was broken down into these
classes:Planters (owned large plantations)Yeoman farmers (ordinary farmers, made up vast
majority of population)Small urban class of doctors, lawyers, merchants,
& other professionsRural poorSlaves (owned by both planters and yeoman
farmers)Planters owned hundreds, while yeoman farmers
owned a handfull
SlaveryDepending on where the slaves were, they
were organized into two systemsTask system (slaves were given specific jobs,
and got done when all the tasks were doneGang system (organize into groups and
worked from dawn to duskDriver: leader of the slave gang; fellow slave
who was loyal
Slaves were also subjected to legal restrictionsSlave codes: forbade enslaved men and
women from owning property or leaving the slaveholder’s premises without permission
The Missouri Compromise Missouri desired to be accepted into
the Union as a slave state Congress proposed resolution to
prohibit slaveholders from bringing new slaves in and all enslaved children to be freed at age 25 (Senate rejects)
Maine also desired to join the Union, so this was used to balance out the compromise (Maine and Missouri would have the same compromise, but Missouri would be admitted as a slave state, and Maine as freed
Amendment was also passed that banned slavery in the Louisiana Purchase territory (Arkansas)
Election of 1824Look on pages 258-259, read about the election
of 1824, and tell me the following:CandidatesWhat the candidates stood for and who they
representedHow the campaigns wentWho wonWrite down and define the following: American
system, corrupt bargain, Democratic Republicans, National Republicans
John Quincy running the show
John Quincy Adams was known for his diplomatic skills while serving as Secretary of State Desired to leave same
impression on his presidency Urged federal revenue be used
to build a national university, an observatory, and to fund scientific research
Congress granted the funds to be used on improving rivers and harbors and for extending the National Road westward, instead
Election of 1828 Pitted Adams against Andrew
Jackson Both campaigns were bitter,
descending into mudslinging, or criticizing other candidates’ personalities and values
Jackson was declared winner Supported by the South and
West, rural farmers, and small town men
“Old Hickory”