chapter 7 section 5. conditions in russia rigid social structure landowning nobles very small...
TRANSCRIPT
RUSSIA: REFORM AND REACTION
Chapter 7 Section 5
Conditions in Russia
Rigid social structureLandowning noblesVery small middle classMajority of Russians are serfs
Tsar ruled with absolute power
Emancipation and Stirrings of Revolution
Crimean War
Russia attacks Ottoman EmpireTries to get land along Black Sea
Britain and France help Ottomans defeat Russia
War shows Russia’s weakness
Freeing the Serfs
1861 - Alexander II issues emancipation of all serfs
Freeing the Serfs
1861 - Alexander II issues emancipation of all serfs
Former serfs had to buy land
Freeing the Serfs
1861 - Alexander II issues emancipation of all serfs
Former serfs had to buy land Peasants did not have money Lands were too small to be useful
Freeing the Serfs
1861 - Alexander II issues emancipation of all serfs
Former serfs had to buy land Peasants did not have money Lands were too small to be useful Peasants remained poor
Freeing the Serfs
1861 - Alexander II issues emancipation of all serfs
Former serfs had to buy land Peasants did not have money Lands were too small to be useful Peasants remained poor Many peasants moved to the cities
Introducing Other Reforms Established local governments Trial by jury Eased censorship Reduced military service requirements
Revolutionary Currents
Revolutionaries still wanted more March 13, 1881 – Alexander II is
assassinated
Church of the Savior on BloodBuilt by
Alexander III
Monuments to Alexander II
Previewing Question
How do you think Alexander III responded?
Alexander III
Repealed many reformsIncreased secret policeRestored strict
censorshipExiled critics to SiberiaPersecuted all non-
Russians
Persecution and Pogroms Persecution of Jews increased
Limited number of Jews able to go to universities and work in certain jobs
PogromsViolent mob attacks on Jewish people
RefugeesPeople who flee homeland
Pogroms
Drive to Industrialize
Nicholas II urges industrialization Builds Trans-Siberian railroad Nobles and peasants feared change and
opposed industrialization Living conditions deteriorated
Socialist ideas spread through slums
Trans-Siberian Railway
Turning Point: Crisis and Revolution
Russo-Japanese War - 1904
Russia is defeated by Japan Largest country in the world defeated by
an island Russia is humiliated
Question
How do you think the Russian people felt about industrialization and the Tsar after the Russo-Japanese War?
Bloody Sunday – January 22, 1905 People are outraged over news of
defeat Marchers assembled outside Winter
Palace (Peaceful)Tsar was scared and fled
Soldiers open fire on masses
Check for Understanding
What effect might Bloody Sunday have on the relationship between the Tsar and the people?
Check for Understanding
What effect might Bloody Sunday have on the relationship between the Tsar and the people?Bloody Sunday killed the people’s faith and
trust in the Tsar
Revolution of 1905
Russia broke out into revolution Nicholas II created the Duma
Elected national legislature Nicholas would be last Tsar