chapter 7 the anatomical system of a species that allows it to move. the muscular system in...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 7
The anatomical system of a species that allows it to move. The muscular system in vertebrates is controlled through the
nervous system, although some muscles are (such as the cardiac
muscle) can be completely autonomous.
The Muscular System
Overview of Muscular System Types of Muscle Tissue
Under voluntary control Skeletal muscles
Under involuntary controlCardiac muscleSmooth muscle
visceral organs
Overview of Muscular SystemSkeletal muscles attach to bones directly or indirectly
Perform five functionsProduce movement of skeletonMaintain posture and body position
Support soft tissuesGuard entrances and exitsMaintain body temperature
Anatomy of Skeletal MusclesGross Anatomy
Connective tissue organizationEpimysium
Fibrous covering of whole musclePerimysium
Fibrous covering of fascicleEndomysium
Fibrous covering of a single cell (a muscle fiber)
Tendons (or aponeurosis)- at each end of the muscle, the collagen fibers of all three layers come together to form either a bundle or a broad sheet.
Anatomy of Skeletal MusclesThe Organization of a Skeletal MuscleThe Organization of a Skeletal Muscle
Figure 7-1
Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber
Anatomy of a Muscle FiberMicroanatomy of a Muscle Fiber
SarcolemmaPlasma membrane
Sarcoplasmcytoplasm
Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)Like smooth ER
Transverse tubules (T tubules)Myofibrils (contraction organelle)Sarcomeres
Inside a single fiber
Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles
Sarcomere—Repeating structural unit of the myofibrilComponents of a sarcomere
MyofilamentsThin filaments (mostly actin)Thick filaments (mostly myosin)
Z lines at each endAnchor for thin filaments
Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber
Figure 7-2(a)
Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber
The Organization of aThe Organization of aSingle Muscle FiberSingle Muscle Fiber
Figure 7-2(b)
Anatomy of Skeletal MusclesThe Organization of a Single Muscle FiberThe Organization of a Single Muscle Fiber
Figure 7-2(cde)
Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles
Changes in the Changes in the Appearance of a Appearance of a Sarcomere Sarcomere During During Contraction of a Contraction of a Skeletal Muscle Skeletal Muscle FiberFiber
Figure 7-3 (1 of 2)
Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles
Changes in the Changes in the Appearance of a Appearance of a Sarcomere Sarcomere During During Contraction of a Contraction of a Skeletal Muscle Skeletal Muscle FiberFiber
Figure 7-3 (2 of 2)