chapter #9 creating a nation notes a new constitution
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter #9
Creating a Nation
NOTES
A New Constitution
Page 1
Who’s There?Name State In/
Out
Misc. Info
Jefferson Virginia OUT Delegate in Europe
Adams Mass. OUT Delegate in Europe
Franklin Penn. IN Oldest member (81)
Washington Virginia IN President of C.C.
Dickinson Delaware IN Cautious Const. supporter
Madison Virginia IN Strong National Govt.
Paine Penn. OUT Supporting Rev. in Europe
Chapter #9
Creating a Nation
NOTES
A New Constitution
-The Constitutional Convention (C.C.) was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
-It ran from May to September 1787 -Members intended to revise the Articles -55 delegates met from 12 of the 13 states,
Rhode Island did not send a delegate-These “Founding Fathers” did not accurately
reflect American society
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The Convention
Major Questions1. Were state governments going to remain
superior?2. Was each state getting only one vote in the
national legislature?3. Would there be a strong executive?
Chapter #9
Creating a Nation
NOTES
A New Constitution
4. Did slaves count toward a state’s population for tallying representation?
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(continued)
PlansThe Virginia PlanDrafted by: James MadisonCalled for:-Three branches of govt.-A bicameral (two houses) legislature
(both based on population)-Increased National Government’s Power
New Jersey Plan Drafted by: William PatersonCalled for:
Chapter #9
Creating a Nation
NOTES
A New Constitution
-Three branches of govt.-A unicameral (one house) legislature
(one representative per state)-Minimal increase in National Government’s
power (tax)
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(continued)
A Couple of Compromises
-Delegates agreed to portions of both plans Connecticut or Great CompromiseDrafted by: Roger Sherman Called for:-Three branches of govt.-A bicameral legislature (one house based on population, and one house based on equal representation)
Chapter #9
Creating a Nation
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A New Constitution
-Greatly expanded National power
-Southern States wanted their representation in Congress to be increased by counting their slave population
-The North disagreed
Three-Fifth CompromiseCalled for:-Only three-fifths of the enslaved population
would count toward representation
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(continued)Chapter #9
Creating a Nation
NOTES
A New Constitution
-Asking all 13 states to ratify the Constitution was going to be an impossible task
-9 of 13 were required (Article VII)-The country split into two groups…for
(Federalists) & against (Anti-Federalists) -Anti-Federalists argued that the Constitution
did not protect basic liberties-Federalists promised to add a Bill of Rights
later, even though individual states already had them
-Rhode Island and North Carolina were the last to ratify in 1790
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Ratifying the New Constitution
The Election of 1789
-The U.S. elected a President and a Congress
Chapter #9
Creating a Nation
NOTES
A New Constitution
-States had varying property requirements granting suffrage, thus few citizens voted
-Less than 39,000 of the roughly 3,000,000 (600,000 slaves) U.S. citizens cast a ballot
-Voting was done in January 1789 -State legislatures selected electors, that in
turn casted electoral votes for president-New York failed to elect electors-Electors cast two votes in two voting rounds-George Washington won unanimously-In the 2nd round, John Adams won the Vice
Presidency-Territories were not allowed to cast ballots
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(continued)Chapter #9
Creating a Nation
NOTES
A New Constitution
Page 8
Electoral ResultsChapter #9
Creating a Nation
NOTES
A New Constitution
Page 9
(continued)
Name StateElectoral
VotesRound
George Washington
Virginia 69 1st
John Adams Massachusetts 34 2nd
John Jay New York 9 2nd
Robert Harrison Maryland 6 2nd
John Rutledge South Carolina 6 2nd
John Hancock Massachusetts 4 2nd
George Clinton New York 3 2nd
Chapter #9
Creating a Nation
NOTES
A New Constitution