Chapter-1

Farm Sector In Uttar Pradesh

Agriculture

Agriculture is the most crucial sector for economic development of the state , the reason being that it contributes the highest share of about 33% to the total income of the state . A vast majority of the population in the State virtually relies on Agriculture for its livelihood . As high as 66% of the work force in the state depend on agriculture. A higher growth in the State's total economy can not be achieved or sustained on a long term basis, without good growth in Agriculture nor any significant reduction could take place in poverty and employment without such growth. A higher growth in other sectors, howsoever desirable, can also not be sustained without good growth in agriculture nor can it change the complexion of the economy, from backwardness to prosparity or compensate for lower growth in agriculture.

2. The State has significant bearing on the Agricultural performance at the national level. It contributes about one fifth of the total food grain production in the country which is the highest among all states. About one third (34.71%) of all wheat produced in the country comes from Uttar Pradesh. Similarly around 45% (44.62%) of the country's sugar cane is produced in Uttar Pradesh. Evidently the State’s agriculture has a paramount role to play in the food production and food security of the country. The contribution of U.P. in the total production of the country in respect of major crops is given below:

Name of Crops Production in Lakh tons during 2005-06 Contribution of U.P. %India U.P.

Total Food grain 2086.00 404.10 19.37Rice 917.90 111.30 12.13Wheat 693.50 240.70 34.71Jowar 76.30 2.40 3.15Bajra 76.80 12.50 16.28Maize 147.10 10.50 7.14Total Pulses 133.80 22.30 16.67Gram 56.00 6.60 11.79Arhar 27.40 3.80 13.87Lentil 9.90 5.00 50.15Total Oilseeds 252.90 9.40 3.72Groundnut 79.90 0.90 1.13Rapeseed/Mustard 81.30 9.10 11.19Sunflower 14.40 0.20 8.39Sugarcane 2811.70 1254.70 44.62Potato 239.10 99.90 41.78

Agro Climatic Zone Wise Proportion of Districts

3. The state is divided into nine zones. The area of 13 districts fall in two agro-climatic zones and 57 districts are covered in single zones. The detailed coverage of districts is shown below:-

S.N. Agro Climatic Zone District1 Tarai and Bhabar Saharanpur (58%), Muzaffarnagar Nagar (10%), Bijnor (79%),

Moradabad (21%), Rampur (40%), Bareilly (19%), Pilibihit (75%), Shahjahanpur (6%), Khiri (39%), Bahraich (47%), Shravasti (71%)

2 Western Plain Zone Saharanpur (42%), Muzaffarnagar Nagar (90%), Meerut, Bag pat, Gaziabad, Gautam Budha Nagar, Buland Shahar

3 Mid Western Plain Zone Bareilly(81%), Badaun, Pilibihit(25%), Moradabad (79%), Jyotibaphule Nagar, Rampur (60%), Bijnor (21%),

4 South Western Zone Agra, Firozabad, Aligarh, Hathras, Mathura, Mainpuri, Etah5 Central Zone Shahjahanpur (94%), Kanpur Nagar, Kanpur Dehat, Etawa,

Auraiya, Farrukhabad, Kannauj, Lucknow, Unnao, Raibareilly, Sitapur, Hardoi, Khiri(61%), Fetehpur, Allahabad(58%), Kaushmbi

6 Bundelkhund Jhansi, Lalitpur, Jalaun, Hamirpur, Mahoba, Banda, Chitrkoot, 7 North East Zone Gorakhpur, Maharajganj, Deoria, Kushi Nagar, Basti, St. Kabir

Nagar, Siddhartha Nagar, Gonda, Baharaich(53%), Balrampur, Shravasti (29%)

8 Eastern Zone Azamgarh, Mau, Balia, Pratapgarh, Faizabad, Ambedkar Nagar, Barabanki, Sultanpur, Varanasi, Chandauli, Jaunpur, Gazipur, St.Ravidas Nagar (86%)

9 Vindhyan Zone Allahabad(42%), St. Ravidas Nagar (14%), Mirzapur, Sonebadhra

Note: Percentage indicates the portion of district falling in respective agro-climatic zone.

Productivity Status of Agro-Climatic Zones (2006-07)

Cereals

4. The average productivity of food grains is 20.77 Q/Ha and in case of cereals, it is 22.90 Q/Ha in the state. The food grains productivity varies in different agro-climatic zones from 10.51 Q/Ha (in Bundelkhand zone) to 30.49 Q/Ha (in western plain zone). Similarly in case of cereals it varies from 16.19 Q/Ha (in Bundelkhand zone) to 31.40 Q/Ha ( in western plain zone). The zone wise details are presented below:-

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(Q/ha.)

S. N.

Zones Food grains

Total Cereals

Rice Wheat Jowar Bajra Maize(Kh)

1 Tarai & Bhabhar 23.76 24.82 20.82 30.12 10.87 11.06 10.022 Western Plain 30.49 31.40 22.36 35.61 8.08 12.43 18.583 Mid- Western Plain 23.73 24.65 19.98 30.26 10.73 13.44 14.974 South West.Semi-

Dry 23.54 24.30 22.98 28.57 11.37 15.70 19.10

5 Mid-Plain/ Central 22.23 24.00 19.52 29.10 12.08 14.92 13.036 Bundelkhand 10.51 16.19 8.20 19.11 8.41 13.61 9.197 North Eastern Plain 22.20 21.09 17.42 25.87 11.94 16.48 9.778 Eastern Plain 20.37 21.41 17.82 25.91 12.02 11.739 Vindhyan 16.22 17.64 18.27 19.94 11.71 9.30 6.3010 Uttar Pradesh 20.77 22.90 18.78 27.66 10.29 14.55 13.26

Pulses

5. The average productivity of pulses is 7.25 Q/Ha in the state. It varies in different agro-climatic zones from 6.57 Q/Ha (in Bundelkhand zone) to 8.09 Q/Ha (in mid central plain). The zone wise details are presented below:-

(Q/ha.)Sl. No.

Zones Total Pulses Arhar Gram Pea Masoor Urd(Kh)

1 Tarai & Bhabhar 7.18 6.70 7.44 9.67 7.22 7.382 Western Plain 7.91 9.55 7.30 9.67 5.66 5.613 Mid- Western Plain 7.61 6.92 7.30 9.67 7.68 6.634 South West.Semi-

Dry 7.45 8.31 8.31 9.67 9.05 5.61

5 Mid-Plain/ Central 8.09 8.22 10.66 12.13 7.68 5.176 Bundelkhand 6.57 6.40 6.22 9.36 5.52 5.407 North Eastern Plain 7.98 6.20 7.39 9.67 8.68 5.478 Eastern Plain 8.02 7.66 8.62 9.95 8.47 5.619 Vindhyan 7.94 6.90 9.59 10.38 6.88 4.8910 Uttar Pradesh 7.25 7.49 7.42 9.67 7.05 5.61

Oilseeds

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6. The average productivity of Oil seeds is 8.36 Q/Ha. in the state. It varies in different agro-climatic zones from 3.74 Q/Ha (in bundelkhand zone) to 13.03 Q/Ha ( in south-western semi dry zone). The zone wise details are presented below:-

(Q/ha.)Zones Total Oilseeds Rapeseed/ Mustard

1 Tarai & Bhabhar 8.13 8.672 Western Plain 9.69 9.783 Mid- Western Plain 9.26 10.044 South West. Semi-

Dry 13.03 13.17

5 Mid-Plain/ Central 8.02 9.286 Bundelkhand 3.74 4.497 North Eastern Plain 8.26 8.428 Eastern Plain 10.39 11.689 Vindhyan 5.05 5.4610 Uttar Pradesh 8.36 10.22

Plan Outlay

7. The plan outlay for Agriculture and Allied sectors since the First Five Year Plan is given in the following table:-

(Rs. In lakh)Plan Total Outlay / Expenditure Agriculture & Allied

SectorsPercentage

First Plan 15337 3787 24.69Second Plan 23336 6742 28.89

Third Plan 56063 15608 27.84Fourth Plan 115924 22066 19.03

Fifth Plan 287118 39310 13.69

Sixth Plan 645312 36081 5.59Seventh Plan 1194872 100663 8.42

Eighth Plan 2164246 198963 9.19

Ninth Plan 2830918 272449 9.62Tenth Plan 5511683 425274 7.70Eleventh Plan 18000000 1903070 10.6

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8. An analysis of the above table shows that the outlay for Agriculture and Allied sectors which stood at 24.69 percent in the First Plan increased to 28.89 percent in the Second Plan, but thereafter it is continuously declining. During Eleventh Five Year Plan it is expected to be 10.6 percent.

Growth Rate

9. High growth in the agriculture sector is necessary for attaining higher growth in the overall economy of the State, as also for reduction in the incidence of poverty. The target for average annual growth rate of agriculture sector during the 10th Plan was 5.1 percent. However, the achievement was only about 2 percent. A lower growth rate of this order is indicative of the fact that there was ‘something’ missing in our efforts and strategies for agriculture development. If we look at the past growth rates in the agriculture sector shows that the state achieved a growth rate of 5.7 percent during Fifth Plan. Thus, the State has potential for achieving higher growth in this sector. It is in this background that a growth rate of 5.7 percent has been envisaged in agriculture sector during Eleventh Plan. The growth rate in the Agriculture and Allied sector since First Five Year Plan is given in the following table:-

Agriculture and Allied Sectors Growth Rate During the Plan Periods# Plan Agriculture & Allied

Sectors (percent)Overall Economy

(percent)U.P. India U.P. India

1. First Plan (1951-56) 1.7 2.7 2.0 3.62. Second Plan (1956-61) 1.4 3.2 1.9 4.03. Third Plan (1961-66) (-) 0.5 (-) 0.7 1.6 2.24. Three Annual Plans (1966-

69)0.6 4.2 0.3 4.0

5. Fourth Plan (1969-74) 0.8 2.6 2.3 3.36. Fifth Plan (1974-79) 5.7 6.3 5.7 5.37. Sixth Plan (1981-85) 9.7 2.5 8.7 5.38. Seventh Plan (1985-90) 2.7 3.5 5.7 5.89. Two Annual Plans (1990-

92)5.4 4.0 3.1 2.5

10. Eighth Plan (1992-97) 2.7 3.9 3.2 6.811. Ninth Plan (1997-02) 0.8 1.9 2.0 5.612. Tenth Plan (2002-07) 2.10 1.1 5.3 7.713. Eleventh Plan (2007-12) 5.70 4.1 10.0 9.0

Institutional Credit

Crop Loan

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10. 90% of the farmers in the state are small & marginal and their purchasing capacity is also marginal. Credit is an important factor to the farmers for performing their farm activities. Traditionally, rural society borrows for agriculture activities from their friends and Mahajans. Non Institutional Credit is always painful for the farmers because of high rate of interest.

Target, distribution, and gap of the previous years in crop loan are shown as under:-

(Rs in Crore)

S.No. Year Target Distribution Gap

1 2001-02 4867.64 3446.88 -1420.76

2 2002-03 4513.22 3880.40 -632.78

3 2003-04 4675.59 4110.84 -564.75

4 2004-05 5375.48 5295.51 -79.97

5 2005-06 7023.00 7464.00 +441.00

6 2006-07 8640.00 8704.98 +64.98

7 2007-08 (Kharif) 3330.46 3518.39 +187.93

Crop Loan Distribution Per hectare

11. The per hectare distribution of crop loan has shown increasing trend during Xth Five Year Plan. It has gone up from Rs. 2051 in 2001-02 to Rs 5182 in 2006-07. The year-wise details are shown below:-

(Rs in Crore)

S.

No.

Year Co-operative banks

Commercial Banks

Distribution Average/ ha (in Rs)

1 2001-02 1082 2365 3447 2051

2 2002-03 1146 2734 3880 2309

3 2003-04 1221 2890 4111 2447

4 2004-05 1360 3936 5296 3152

5 2005-06 1472 5992 7464 4443

6 2006-07 1659.87 7045.11 8704.98 5182

7 2007-08 (Kharif) 1220.41 2297.96 3518.37 3742

Kisan Credit Card

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12. In order to ensure hassle free and timely credit to the farmers, the Kisan Credit Card Scheme was introduced in the State since December, 1999. Under the scheme Kisan Credit Card holders are allowed to take loan within their credit limit as many times as they want and repay their loans as per their convenience. As per the policy of G.O.I.all the farmers are to be covered under KCC Scheme. 195.01 lakh cards were distributed among the farmers till Kharif 2007. Further Kisan Credit Card holders are also provided insurance cover upto Rs. 50,000/- under Janta Personnel accident Insurance Scheme at a nominal premium of Rs. 9.40 per year. For meeting the consumption needs of the farmers the KCC holders are also allowed to avail 10% of their crop loan credit limits as consumption loan. Progress chart of KCC of the previous years is given below:

(Unit in No.)S.No. Year Target Distribution Gap1 1999-2000 300737 225461 -752762 2000-2001 1658447 1690006 +315593 2001-2002 3000000 3016952 +169524 2002-2003 3500000 3200479 -2995215 2003-2004 3500000 2722660 -7773406 2004-2005 2500000 2362389 -1376117 2005-2006 2800000 2576588 -2234128 2006-2007 2300000 2212571 -874299 2007-2008 2300000 1494314 -805686*

Total 21859184 19501420 -2357764* Progress up to Dec.2007

Holdings

13. As per 2000-01 Agriculture Census there is a predominance of marginal and small farmers in the State, small farmers and marginal farmers account for 76.9 % and 14.6% of the total holdings respectively. However, this group of small and marginal farmers own only 61.2% of the total land area. Average size of holding is only 0.83 ha. per farmer. However, the average size of holding of marginal farmers is only 0.40 ha.

14. The trend of number of holdings in Uttar Pradesh from 1970-71 to 2000-01 is given in the following table:-

Trend of Land Holding

(In thousand)Year Marginal

(Below 1 ha)Small

(1-2 ha)Semi Medium

(2-4 ha)Medium(4-10 ha)

Large Holding(10 ha & above)

1970-71 10453 2689 1652 733 1121980-81 12582 2898 1614 661 721985-86 13702 2964 1582 602 551990-91 14819 3118 1543 549 45

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1995-96 16237 3136 1585 532 392000-01 16659 3087 1427 463 32

Area under Various Land Holding Groups

(%)Category 1970-71 1980-81 1985-86 1990-91 1995-96 2000-01Marginal 21.1 25.7 28.29 31.43 33.75 36.97 Small 20.8 22.6 23.32 24.41 23.85 24.28Semi-Medium 25.0 24.6 24.44 23.38 23.27 21.71Medium 23.2 21.0 19.14 16.92 15.87 14.35Large 9.9 6.1 4.81 3.86 3.26 2.69

15. As a matter of fact there is an increase in the number of marginal farmers by 59% during the above period. Incidentally the percentage of marginal holdings in the state is 76.9 which is highest in the country.

16. The total reported area of the state for the purpose of land utilization is 242.01 lakh ha. Around 79% is being irrigated against Net area sown (166.83 lakh ha.). Details of land use are given below:-

S.N. Item 2005-061. Total Cropped Area ( 000 ha)a. Kharif 11857b. Rabi 12839c. Zaid 791

Total 255242. Cropping Intensity % 153.03

Land Use Pattern

17. The land use pattern (2005-06) in the State has been indicated in the table below.

(in lakh ha.)S. N. Particulars Uttar Pradesh

1 Reporting Area 242.01

2 Forest 16.883 Barren Land 5.304 Non Agri. Use 6.495 Culturable Waste 4.54

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S. N. Particulars Uttar Pradesh

6 Pastures 0.647 Misc. Trees etc. 0.448 Current Follow 12.179 Other Follow 5.7410 Net Area Sown 166.8311 Area Sown more than Once 88.4112 Gross Cropped Area 255.2413 Cropping Intensity 153.0014 Kharif 118.5715 Rabi 128.3916 Zaid 7.9117 Area Under Sugarcane 0.3818 Gross Cropped Area 255.24

18. Data from above table show that barren land cover is 5.30 lakh hectare, culturable waste land is 4.54 lakh hectare and fallow lands about 17.91 lakh hectare.

Seed Distribution

19. The trend of seed distribution shows that it has increased year after year. The details are shown below:-

(in lakh qtls)Sl. No. Name of

Crop2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

1. Paddy 3.26 3.54 3.68 4.17 4.86 5.952. Maize 0.14 0.20 0.26 0.23 0.37 0.433. Bajra 0.07 0.15 0.17 0.21 0.22 0.234. Jowar 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.075. Urd 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.186. Moong 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.0577. Arhar 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.1 0.138. Groundnut 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.004 0.05 0.079. Til 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.005 0.00110. Soyabean 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.08311. Sunflower 0.01 0.01 0.008 0.002 0.009 0.01212. Cotton 0.009 0.007 0.004 0.008 0.008 0.009Kharif 3.62 4.16 4.40 4.91 5.87 7.24

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Sl. No. Name of Crop

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

13. Wheat 14.93 15.33 17.23 19.43 22.24 23.1614. Barley 0.28 0.30 0.35 0.47 0.53 0.53115. Gram 0.56 0.63 0.77 0.80 0.86 0.8316. Pea 0.26 0.36 0.40 0.67 0.70 0.7717 Lentil 0.20 0.25 0.32 0.36 0.38 0.4318. Rai/Sarson 0.11 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.17 0.17319. Toria 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07820. Linseed 0.002 0.005 0.006 0.008 0.01 0.00121. Rabi Maize 0.05Rabi 16.39 17.05 19.24 22.49 24.99 26.02*Annual 20.01 21.20 23.63 27.40 30.87 33.26*

*Progress up to Dec. 2007

Seed Replacement Rate

20. Seed is one of the most vital inputs responsible for higher production under specific agro-climatic conditions and can contribute 10 to 15 percent increase in production. The seed scenario in U.P. during Tenth Five Year Plan Period has been highly encouraging in the case of cereal seeds especially paddy and wheat. An encouraging trend has been noticed in the Seed Replacement Rate during the Tenth Five Year Plan which is evident from the following table:-

Crop-Wise Seed Replacement Rate during 2002-03 to 2007-08 (upto Kharif)

(Percentage)Sl. No.

Name of Crop

Xth Plan Target of(2006-07)

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08*

1. Paddy 21.83 15.90 17.25 17.90 20.29 20.54 25.002. Maize 19.46 7.80 10.90 14.03 12.28 18.67 19.513. Bajra 51.25 17.70 35.90 41.78 50.54 53.47 57.304. Jowar 11.36 4.90 5.60 8.28 10.57 14.95 17.135. Urd 12.40 8.80 10.90 11.45 11.20 9.86 16.216. Moong 20.00 16.20 15.30 18.99 23.06 56.83 84.987. Arhar 18.89 13.20 13.50 15.06 18.23 17.62 19.208. Groundnut 4.17 1.50 2.60 3.57 3.96 3.08 4.369. Til 9.80 2.50 2.90 5.32 8.84 10.46 13.5610. Soyabean 34.05 13.10 23.90 32.27 31.68 15.18 33.0011. Sunflower 73.33 100 72.60 51.73 14.13 61.93 71.8012. Cotton 72.00 73.80 60.60 39.36 64.00 66.16 70.71Kharif 16.00 17.03 17.09 19.06 19.48 23.66*

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Sl. No.

Name of Crop

Xth Plan Target of(2006-07)

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08*

13. Wheat 23.82 16.42 16.88 18.97 21.40 24.1414. Barley 20.00 11.03 12.09 13.93 18.78 24.6015. Gram 12.50 8.16 9.14 11.07 11.50 14.3616. Pea 23.98 9.49 12.90 14.12 23.91 20.9617 Lentil 12.50 7.08 11.25 0.73 12.42 12.1218. Rai/Sarson 53.00 38.18 52.87 85.00 52.00 58.3819. Toria 100 64.96 91.48 23.92 103.00 86.4820. Linseed 7.50 2.28 4.77 0.44 6.65 8.64Rabi 16.5 18.14 18.14 20.67 23.29Annual 15.06 17.91 17.58 18.86 22.46

* Up to kharif 07.

21. Another remarkable aspect of seed sector is the enhanced participation of private sector in the entrepreneurial development programme. The private sector is now contributing around 25% of the total certified seeds distributed in the State. The State Seed Certification Agency is now devoting more time in the certification of seeds grown by the private producers.

22. Despite all these efforts the State is still facing the problem of shortage of seeds of various crops which are grown in drought prone areas. The availability of good quality seeds of pulses, groundnut and sunflower has also been a chronic problem which needs greater attention.

Soil Health, Consumption of Fertilizers

23. It has been observed that soil health has deteriorated sharply during the last few years. Indiscriminate and imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers, especially urea along with other harmful chemical pesticides and unavailability of organic manures has led to considerable reduction in soil health. Hence restoring soil health has emerged as a major challenge before the farmers and the State. The State Government is taking steps to check the rapid deterioration in soil health in several areas.

24. Use of chemical fertilizers is very low in comparison to agriculturally advanced neighbouring states like Hariyana and Punjab and it is below national average. Consumption of chemical fertilizers is increasing but there is imbalance in their usage which has caused the detoriation in soil health.

Soil Testing

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25. State. In the previous years the Department of Agriculture has been testing around 11 lakh samples unit in 2003-04 there after the number of samples has been going up steadily. During 2006-07 the soil testing has touched the magical number of 15.33 lakh. The year-wise details are shown below:-

(Lakh No.)S.N. Year Target Achievement1 2002-2003 15.00 11.182 2003-2004 15.00 11.813 2004-2005 15.00 13.234 2005-2006 15.00 12.065 2006-2007 15.00 15.336 2007-2008 15.00 15.00

26. Soil testing is very important for improving soil health. U.P. is a vast State and the small size of land holding makes it a challenging task to cover the every farm for soil testing. Soil testing also minimizes the cost of cultivation by way of use of balanced fertilizers. Hence strengthening of infrastructure for soil testing is important initiative taken by the state government. The government is ptoposed to have at least one soil testing lab in each district in the state by the end of the 11th plan.

Fertilizer

27. At all India level, fertilizers are used by 76 percent farmers households during Kharif and by 54 percent farmers house holds during Rabi season. 27 percent households, use fertilizers available within the village. In the case of U.P, fertilizers are used by 78 percent farmer households during Kharif and 88 percent during Rabi season and 23 percent house-holds use fertilizers available within the village. Pesticides are used by 39 percent farmer households during Kharif and 35 percent during Rabi whereas at all India level, pesticides are used by 46 percent farmer households during Kharif and 31 percent during Rabi season.

28. Consumption of N, P, K in Uttar Pradesh as compared to other major States is given in the following table:-

State-wise consumption of Fertilizers in 2004-05(In kg. per hactare)

Item India U.P. Punjab Haryana Maharashtra Tamil Nadu

1 N 61.00 92.60 150.60 124.90 42.60 77.50

2 P 24.30 28.60 39.70 38.10 23.50 33.90

3 K 10.80 7.00 5.40 3.10 11.50 41.40

Total 96.70 128.20 195.70 166.20 77.70 152.90

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29. Data from the above table shows that consumption of nitrogen in the state is much more in comparison to use of phosphatic and potassic fertilizers, and the imbalance is seriously affecting soil fertility. The reason behind this is the enormous cast of phosphatic and potassic fertilizers. During the period 2002-05, per hectare consumption of chemical fertilizers has marginally increased from 126.72 kg to 128.20 kg. Season wise fertilizer distribution status for the year 2007-08 is given below:-

(In M.T.)Sl.No. Season N P K Total1 Kharif 1064350 244990 74870 13842102 Rabi*( Upto

Dec.07)781140 518800 97410 1397350

Total 1845490 763790 172280 2781560

Balanced Fertilizer Use

30. The recommended fertilizer use in terms of NPK ratio is 4:2:1 when the nutrients are supplied to the field in the ratio of 4:2:1, maximum productivity is obtained. The pattern of fertilizer consumption in the state shows that the NPK ratio is gradually narrowing. During 2001-02 the ratio was 25.2: 7.6: 1. It has tapered down to 10.7: 4.0: 1.0 indicating the efforts for balanced use of fertilizer.

(Per ha. In kg.)Year Consumption NPK Ratio

N P K2001-02 98.40 29.50 3.90 25.2 : 7.6 : 1.0

2002-03 93.10 28.60 5.60 16.6 : 5.1 : 1.02003-04 93.10 30.10 6.00 15.5 : 5.0 : 1.02004-05 104.00 32.00 8.00 13.0 : 4.0 : 1.02005-06 107.00 34.00 8.00 12.5 : 4.25 : 1.02006-07 107.00 40.00 10.00 10.7:4.0:1.02007-08*(up to Dec.07) 110.51 45.74 10.32 10.71:4.40:1.0

Bio- Fertilizer

31. Bio-fertilizers are now being promoted in the state in a big way. The progress during the 10 th Five Year Plan and during 2007-08 is shown below:-

(Unit in lakh No.)S.N. Year Target Achievement1 2002-2003 9.95 10.082 2003-2004 5.63 5.803 2004-2005 6.07 6.07

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4 2005-2006 6.27 6.285 2006-2007 6.41 6.416 2007-2008 *(up to Dec.2007) 15.81 14.35

Irrigation

32. The irrigation potential created in the state is approximately 324.26 lakh ha. A major portion of the potential (241.84 lakh ha.) has been created through minor irrigation projects and only 82.42 lakh ha. Area is irrigated through large and medium irrigation projects. However only 64.55% of the gross irrigated potential is being utilized, 60.72% during the Kharif and 85.08% during the Rabi.

33. Crop Season-wise Irrigation Status (000 ha.)

S.N. Crop Season Gross Sown Area Gross Irrigated Area Percentage (%)1 Kharif 11857 7199 60.722 Rabi 12839 11067 86.203 Zaid 791 673 85.08

Total 25524 18939 74.20

34. The development of irrigation resources in the state has been comparatively slower compared to the adjoining state such as Bihar, Madhya Pradesh etc. The trend of growth of irrigation in U.P. and other states of the country is shown in the table below :-

Comparative Growth of Irrigation Facilities

Name of State Year Growth

(% per annum)

1990-91 2002-03

1. India 33.3 40.01 1.54

2. Uttar Pradesh 60.9 73.70 1.60

3. Tamil Nadu 42.5 50.33 1.41

4. Punjab 92.7 95.01 0.21

5. Harayana 72.7 85.77 1.39

6.Maharashtra 11.3 16.90 3.41

7. Madhya Pradesh 22.1 30.95 2.86

8. Bihar 44.5 60.47 2.59

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35. The above table shows that during the period from 1990-91 to 2002-03, the Irrigation facilities have grown at the rate of 1.54 % annually on all India basis. In Uttar Pradesh, the pace of growth has been higher than the national average which is 1.60% annually.

Net Irrigated Area versus Net Area Sown

36. The total irrigated area of state is 131.19 Lakh Hectares. The source wise Irrigation status, as indicated in the table below, shows that canal irrigation is 20.52%, irrigation through state tube wells is 2.92% and Private tube wells have the maximum share of irrigation that is 68.57%.

(In th. ha.) S. N. Irrigation Source Area Percentage

(NAS)Percentage(Irrigated)

Net Area Sown 166831 Canal 2692 16.13 20.522 State Tube-wells 383 2.30 2.923 Private Tube-wells 8996 53.92 68.574 Other Sources 1048 6.28 7.99

Net Irrigated Area 13119 78.63

District wise Status of Irrigation

37. The state average of irrigated area is 79% but there is a wide variation in districts. The district wise irrigated area varies from 29% to 100%.The districts have been categorized in different slabs indicating the extent of irrigation as under :-

S.N.

Slab N0. Name of Districts

1 90 % and above

22 Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Bag pat, Gaziabad, Aligarh, Hathrus (100%) , Mathura, Firozabad, Mainpuri, Etah, Bareilly, Badaun, Shahjahanpur, Pilibihit, Moradabad, Kannauj, Ajamgarh, Lucknow, Faizabad, Ambedkernagar, Chandauli.

2 80-90 % 23 Bulandsahar, Bijnor, J.B. Fulenagar, Rampur, Farrukhabad, Etawa, Auraiya, Pratapgarh, Varanasi, Gazipur, Jaunpur, S. Rabidasnagar, Mau, Gorakhpur, Maharajganj, Deoria, S. Kabirnagar, Unnao, Raibareilly, Sitapur, Hardoi, Sultanpur, Barabanki.

3 70-80 % 9 G.Budhnagar, Kanpur Dehat, Allahabad, Lalitpur, Balia, Khushinagar, Khiri, Gonda.

4 60-70 % 6 Kanpur Nagar, Fetehpur, Kaushmbi, Jhansi, Basti, Siddharthnagar.5 50-60 % 2 Jalaun, Mirzapur,

[ 15 ]

6 Less than 50 %

8 Mahoba, Banda, Chitrkoot (29%), Hamirpur, Sonbhadra, Balrampur, Baharaich, Shravasti.

Farm Mechanization

38. Farm mechanization helps in increasing production, productivity and profitability in agriculture by achieving timeliness in farm operations, bringing precision in metering and placement of inputs, reducing available input losses, increasing efficiency of costly inputs, reducing unit cost of produce, enhancing profitability and competitiveness in the cost of operation. The average size of operational land holding in the state is less than one ha. which is lower than the national average of 1.5 ha. The fragmentation of land holdings has resulted in small plot sizes and has reduced the scope for large scale farm mechanization in the state.

Agriculture Extension

39. Dissemination of technical knowledge is a difficult task but very important all the same. Agriculture Universities and other agencies are involved in the development of new techniques for the benefit of farmers in improving in crop production. The knowledge of such techniques has to be passed on to the farmers who are the ultimate user. Through agriculture extension, this information is being passed on to the farmers. Some of the important components of agricultural extension are given below:-

ATMA

40. Agriculture Technology Management Agency has been set up in 32 districts of U.P. and it is proposed to cover the entire state in the near future. The activities of ATMA are related to agriculture extension. This provides a strong platform for extension activities. The targets & anti. ach. for 2007-08 are indicated in the table below:-

Item 2007-08 2007-08

Target Anti.Ach.

Exposure Visit 350 350

Training 1470 1470

Kisan Mela 70 70

Demonstration 10500 10500

Reward and Incentive 350 350

[ 16 ]

Gap in Productivity and Potential

41. There is a marked gap between productivity and potential for various crops grown in U.P. compared to other States and countries, There is wide variation from one zone and region to other. On the basis of an analysis of crop cutting experiments this gap has clearly been identified, A large number of farmers could get significantly very high yield of crops, which can be termed as workable potential and can be compared with any other State. The gap between potential and actual yield is depicted below:-

(Qt./ha.)Sl.No.

Particulars Tarai&Bhabhar

WP MWP SWSDP MP BUND NEP EP VIN U.P.

1 Ricea. Potential 95 62 53 65 47 25 43 49 33 47b. Present yield 22 23 20 23 20 8 19 20 15 20c. Gap (a-b) 73 39 33 42 27 17 24 29 18 272 Wheata. Potential 65 68 54 57 73 41 52 57 38 57b. Present yield 28 33 28 31 26 20 22 24 16 26c. Gap (a-b) 37 35 26 26 47 21 30 33 22 313 Maizea. Potential 45 52 30 52 54 50 55 42 55 45b. Present yield 11 16 14 18 13 7 10 12 8 13c. Gap (a-b) 34 36 16 34 41 43 45 30 47 324 Lentila. Potential 20 20 20 20 20 20 22 22 20 20b. Present yield 7 5 7 11 8 7 7 7 6 7c. Gap (a-b) 13 15 13 9 12 13 15 15 14 135 Bajraa. Potential 30 30 30 25 25 25 30 29 30 30b. Present yield 10 14 13 16 13 10 16 12 12 14c. Gap (a-b) 20 16 17 9 12 15 14 17 18 166 Grama. Potential 30 30 30 30 31 23 18 34 18 26b. Present yield 9 9 9 12 12 8 9 9 8 9c. Gap (a-b) 21 21 21 18 19 15 9 25 10 177 Barleya. Potential 45 42 42 67 42 42 45 42 19 42b. Present yield 8 9 9 12 9 12 11 12 11c. Gap (a-b) 34 33 58 30 33 33 31 7 31

Note :1-(WP=Western Plain, MWP= Mid Western Plain, SWSDP= South Western Semi Dry Plain, MP= Mid Plain, BUND= Bundelkhand, NEP= North-Eastern Plain, EP= Eastern Plain, VIN= Vindhyan)

[ 17 ]

2- The potential yield of various crops indicated in the table is actually the highest potential yield of varieties recommended for corresponding agro climatic zone.3- Base year 2005-06.

42. The compound growth rate of various crops in terms of Area, Production & Productivity up to 2004-05 is given in the following table:-

Compound Growth Rate during 1999-2000 to 2004-2005

(% per annum)Sl.No. Name of Crop Area Production Productivity1 Rice -1.02 -3.15 -2.152 Jowar -7.05 -5.00 2.203 Bajra 1.07 1.63 0.564 Maize -2.76 -4.24 -1.535 Kharif Pulses 13.25 6.49 -5.956 Others (-)NA (-)NA NA7 Kharif Food grains -0.94 -3.12 -2.158 Wheat -0.04 -1.48 -1.449 Barley -7.35 -8.61 -1.3610 Rabi Pulses -0.73 3.65 0.5411 Rabi Food grains -0.33 -1.51 -1.1912 Total Food grains -0.63 -2.06 -1.4413 Total Oilseeds -2.31 -2.92 -0.6114 Total Pulses 0.91 0.00 -0.89

Objectives of the Annual Plan 2008-09

To achieve a growth rate of about 5.1 percent in agriculture production essentially by raising productivity, cropping intensity and to some extent by also increasing the cropped area.

To encourage globally recognised standards in agriculture in the state.

To develop appropriate eco-friendly farming systems which would improve soil health.

To develop and conserve natural resources for maintaining ecological balance.

In order to substantially increase the income of farmers, production diversification towards high value activities, while retaining core-competence in the area of food/nutritional security.

Strategy of Annual Plan 2008-09

Improving Soil Health

43. Improving soil health will be the highest concern. Following activities are proposed in this direction:

[ 18 ]

In order to improve balanced use of fertilizers, based on soil testing, strengthening of soil testing laboratories will be essential. In addition to the existing 48 Soil Testing Laboratories, additional 22 have been sanctioned in 2006-07 with the aim of raising existing soil testing capacity from 15 lacs to 22 lacs. At present, only 12 Labs are equipped to handle analysis of soil samples for micronutrients. It is proposed to develop facility of micronutrient testing in all the Soil Testing Labs of the state.

Providing congenial atmosphere to fertilizer companies /suppliers, input providers and other agencies involved in marketing of agriculture produce to further enlarge their existing soil testing activities, extensively. Provision of additional soil testing facilities with the help of the private sector which will act as a booster dose towards improving soil health in a big way. It will also strengthen public Private Partnership (PPP) in the field of agriculture. Presently, these agencies are engaged in testing, mainly Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash. To give a thrust to soil testing for micro nutrients, these agencies can be permitted to send their soil sample to State Governments Labs on cost sharing basis.

Balanced use of fertilizers based on soil testing has to be given the highest priority. Extensive use of micronutrients, mainly Zinc, Iron and Sulphur has to be encouraged. For this Crop and varietal demonstrations coupled with the principles of Integrated Plant Nutrient Management (IPMN) have to be, extensively, organized in each agro-climatic zone with finances from Macro-mode and ISOPOM. Present NPK ratio of 13:5:1 has to be improved to 4:2:1.

In addition to existing use of available farm yard manures and other traditional composts, large scale adoption of improved manuring technologies such as NADEP, Vermi-composting has to be ensured at village level. Financial assistance can be availed from Rural Development Department for the construction of NADEP and Vermi Pits in large numbers. This activity can be one of the major activities of Gram Panchayats. It will not only help in restoring microbial population and improve soil health but will also provide an alternate source of income to educated rural youths at local level.

Use of bio-fertilizers has to be increased substantially. At present the state government owned labs and other Private agencies such as IFFCO, Kribhco, Chambal, Fertilizers NAFED and NFL etc. are engaged in production and distribution of bio-fertilizers such as Rhizobium, PSB culture, Azetobacter etc. Last year almost 50 lac packets of above mentioned bio-fertilizers were distributed. It is, extremely, essential to encourage these private agencies to enhance production and distribution of bio-fertilizers by several fold. So that each farming family starts using bio-fertilizers in his or her field. Awareness campaigns have to be organized at village, Nyaya Panchayat and Block level. Regular availability of this important component in sufficient quantity has to be ensured. This will not only increase micro flora and fauna in the soil but will also ensure better utilization of chemical fertilizers, especially phosphatic, fertilizers. It will be a welcome a step towards reducing cost of cultivation, considerably.

Cultivation of Dhaincha, Sanai and Moong as green manure during Zaid must to be given very high priority. Green Manuring helps in improving soil health tremendously and also reduces cost of cultivation, substantially.

[ 19 ]

Accelerating the Pace of Land Development Programmes

Out of the 120.44 lac hectares of problematic land, 64.71 lac hectare area has already been treated. Out of the remaining 55.73 lac hectares of untreated land, 32.02 lac hectare land is reclaimable. Programmes have been proposed for reclamation of this degraded land. Keeping in mind, the working capacity of the department of agriculture and U P Bhoomi Sudhar Nigam, following programmes are being proposed.

"Kisan Hit Yojna” the most ambitious, multifaceted, employment generating scheme has been proposed in 11th Five Year Plan. Under this programme small & marginal farmers & land allotees are groomed technically trained and given the responsibility for improving their own lands. By March 2008, it is proposed to bring about 1.75 lac ha degraded area to productive use. The scheme has successfully, provided employment to these land owners and land less farmers.

It is proposed to develop 1.40 lac ha. degraded land each year and cumulatively around 7 lac ha. land at the cost of Rs. 588.80 crores in XIth Five Year Plan.

To accelerate the pace of land development in Rainfed areas, it is essential to double the target of land development in "National Watershed Development Programme" from 2 lac hectare envisaged in Xth Five Year Plan to 4 lac hectare in XIth Five Year Plan. It is worth mentioning here that cost norms of this scheme require a re-look from successful project implementation angle. In addition, this scheme too requires a complete package on the lines of World Bank supported "UP Sodic Land Reclamation Project. To encourage cultivation of millets like Jowar, Bajra in these areas with increased higher productivity, use of hybrid seeds will be essential. Since the paying capacity of landholders of these areas is very poor, use of good quality seeds can also be encouraged through the provision of one complete package that includes crop production for one full year.

Strengtheneing Technology Dissemination System

To achieve agriculture growth rate of 5.7 percent it is imperative to experiment and avail every single opportunity and all kinds of means to take the new technology to the door steps of farmers. In this context, Public Private Partnership will, obviously, draw special attention. Right from use of information technology (IT) to farmer-led extension, it will be crucial to upgrade the skill and knowledge of farmers.

Agriculture extension network of the department of Agriculture has been revitalized after the return of Kisan Sahayaks, the grass root extension workers from the Panchayat Raj department. And now after re-organization of the department, highest priority will be given to coverage of every single Nyaya Panchayat by Kisan Sahayak for the purpose of dissemination of new technology to the farmers.

It is proposed to establish Common Service Centers under National Information Technology Policy. These centers are to be linked with SAUs and other extension agencies. In addition to the above, establishment of centers like E-Choupal of ITC etc have to be encouraged to streamline marketing of agriculture produce along with IT based new technology.

[ 20 ]

Uttar Pradesh has four Universities, 30 Agricultural colleges which produce around 5200 agriculture graduates and 1400 post graduates each year. A sizable number of well trained energetic youths can be linked to the Central Government sponsored Agri-clinic scheme. It will not only provide employment opportunities to rural youth but will also ensure dissemination of new knowledge and availability of quality inputs at village level from single on let.

During 10th Five Year Plan Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA) were established in 32 selected districts of UP under World Bank supported “Diversified Agriculture Support Project (DASP)” ATMA composed of leading farmers of the districts NGOs and technical experts from SAUs/KVKs research agencies apart from officials of agriculture and allied sectors. In all 32 SREPs were prepared based on identified researchable and extension issues; Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Dairy, Sericulture deptts. along with research agencies under guidance from UP Council of Agriculture Research (UPCAR) prepared Annual Action Plan and finally implemented diversification activities in the field and got extremely encouraging results in the field. During 11th Five Year Plan, establishment of ATMA and preparation of SREP is proposed in each district in order to identify researchable and extension issues. On the issues identified in SREP of the district, implementation of developmental activities is to be carried out to achieve desirable level of production and productivity, accordingly.

Farmer Schools for strengthening farmer to farmer extension approach

In order to strengthen farmer-led extension approach, agriculture department has decided to establish 813 farmer's field schools (FFS) consisting of the best practices farmers adopting for the purpose of disseminating and sharing new knowledge with the fellow farmers of the block. In the Eleventh Five Year Plan it is proposed to develop one FFS in each Nyaya Panchayat. Proper linkage with departments, KVKs, Research Organizations Banks etc. would also be ensured. This step would help in arranging quality inputs as well as marketing of agri-produce at appropriate price apart from dissemination of new technology.

It is proposed to train unemployed agriculture graduates or post graduates at each Nyaya Panchayat level and engage them for dissemination of technology. This trained workforce can be linked with SAUs/KVKs/ Research Institutions/Agri-clinics/ Farmer's Field Schools etc. for continuous Updation of knowledge. This step would provide an alternate source of income to the unemployed graduates.

There are more than one lac registered fertilizer, seed and pesticide dealers who are providing important inputs to the farmers on a regular basis. If these dealers are trained, periodically in important technologies, the message will travel must faster to the farmers than by any other means. Therefore, it is proposed to convert these 1 lac traders from dealers to technical experts. This step may prove to be a milestone in the field of Agriculture Extension in the state.

[ 21 ]

Involving women farmers in the implementation of Agriculture schemes is very important. It is a well known fact that most of the agricultural activities are performed by women farmers. Therefore, more and more women have been encouraged to participate in Kisan Melas/Gosthis to be organized at Nyaya Panchayat, Block & District levels. Development Departments have to involve SHGs already functional at village level. Some of the activities mentioned for this purpose are crop demonstration, IPM demonstration, Seed Processing etc.

Increasing Seed Replacement Rate

Though seed replacement rate (SRR) has increased from 13.52 percent in 2001-02 to 20.13 percent in 2005-06. Department of Agriculture is preparing a seed policy as envisaged in the new agriculture policy of the State to achieve the SRR of 29 percent in the Eleventh Five Year Plan. For this the following quantity of seeds would be required annually.

Sl.No. Year Seed Replacement Rate (%)

Distribution Target(Lac Qtls.)

1 2007-08 23.47 31.172 2008-09 24.88 33.043 2009-2010 26.27 34.904 2010-2011 27.69 36.785 2011-2012 29.14 38.71

In order to achieve appreciable enhancement in agricultural growth rate, availability of hybrid seeds and parent lines has to be ensured. Financial provisions have to be made in Macro-Management and ISOPOM for providing subsidy on hybrid seeds.

It is also proposed to launch State Sponsored "Seed Village Scheme", on the lines of centrally sponsored scheme of similar nature.

Diversification

Keeping in mind the fact that a large area consists of fragmented and small holdings, diversification from wheat-paddy crop rotation to other remunerative cash crops will have to be given considerable priority in the Eleventh Five Year Plan.

Implementation of World Bank assisted "Diversified Agriculture Support Project (DASP)" is an initiation in this direction. As per the external evaluation report provided by Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, cropping intensity in selected 157 blocks of 32 districts when DASP was implemented increased from 169 percent to 203 percent.

It will be vital to promote need based diversification collectively by department of Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Dairy, Fisheries etc through Agriculture Technology Management Agency in order to achieve the agriculture growth rate of 5.7 percent.

Priority has to be given to the cultivation of Pulses and Oilseeds in the State.

Majority of Paddy growing areas where medium and coarse varieties of paddy are grown will have to be replaced with hybrid varieties, suitable to agro-eco-situation of the area.

[ 22 ]

Likewise, in 14 identified districts of the state where Basmati Rice is grown, stress is to be given for raising qualitative as well as quantitative production. Concrete efforts have to be made to encourage Basmati Rice export with the help of private sector.

Integrated Pest Management

44. In the Eleventh Five Year Plan, the concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) will be adopted, practiced and disseminated in all cereals, oilseeds and pulse crops. At the same time, use of bio-pesticides and bio-agents will to be promoted and use of banned or prohibited chemical pesticides needs to be discouraged. Fortunately, IPM modules for almost all the crops including vegetables and other horticulture crops are available either at U.P Council of Agriculture Research (UPKAR) or at GOI level. This knowledge has to be disseminated through awareness campaigns and large scale demonstrations of IPM modules in different crops through financial assistance under Centrally Sponsored Macro mode and ISOPOM Schemes. Large scale demonstration is required in horticulture crops along with agriculture crops. Financial assistance can come from National Horticulture Mission.

Public Private Partnership in Agriculture

45. Contribution of private agencies in agriculture has been increasing. Presently, input providing companies as well as those involved in marketing of agriculture produce are engaged in agriculture extension, soil testing and several other agriculture oriented activities according to their business requirement.

46. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan there is a need to establish an extensive network between development departments, SAUs/KVKs, other Research Institutions, Private Agencies, Agri-policlinics, Farmers Field- Schools, Agri-clubs and other Trained Agriculture Graduates in such a way that all the Nyaya Panchayats (8135) and 52027 Gram Panchayats are covered and new technologies as well as quality inputs at appropriate price are available at farmers doorstep. Effort would be made to ensure that farmers start getting appropriate price for their agri produce. Public Private Partnership can be ensured in the following areas:-

New technology through agriculture demonstration.

Organizing Kisan Melas, farmers meets, Gosthis, Crop seminars etc.

Soil testing and promotion of balanced use of fertilizers based on soil testing.

Use of IT for dissemination of technology (Network of Common service centres, E-Chou pals etc.)

Large scale availability of bio-agents and bio-pesticides such as Tricoderma, Bavaria, Tricocard, Neem oil etc.

Sale of agricultural produce at appropriate price.

Availability of other quality inputs at appropriate price.

Training of farmers and extension workers.

[ 23 ]

Development and establishment of Agri-marts on lines of Khushhali and Arial etc.

Annual Plan 2008-09

Seed Replacement

47. It is proposed to enhance Seed Replacement Rate to 24.88% by the end of Annual Plan 2008-09. The quantity of seed required to achieve the targeted SRR is estimated at 33.04 lakh Qtls. This would inande the seeds of Kharif and Rabi crops. The year wise targets and achievements of SRR for each crop are shown below:-

(%)Name of Crop 2007-08 2007-08 2008-09

Target Anti.Ach. Target1. Paddy 23 25.00 242. Maize 20 19.51 21.503. Bajra 52 57.30 52.504. Jowar 12 17.13 135. Urd 13 16.28 146. Moong 21 84.98 227. Arhar 19.50 19.20 208. Groundnut 4.50 4.36 59. Til 9.80 13.56 1010. Soyabean 35.50 33.00 36.5011. Sunflower 74 71.80 7612. Cotton 72 70.71 75 Kharif 24.49 23.66 25.6013. Wheat 24 24 25.5014. Barley 21.50 21.50 22.5015. Gram 14 14 15.5016. Pea 25 25 2617 Lentil 14.50 14.50 16.5018. Rai/Sarson 55 55 5619. Toria 100 100 10020. Linseed 9 9 11 Rabi 23.22 23.22 23.22 Annual 23.47 23.47 23.47

Soil Health and Consumption of Fertilizers

[ 24 ]

48. Fertilizers are one of the most important components which provide plant nutrition for growth and production. To achieve the maximum growth and production, fertilizers should be used in recommended proportion. The ideal proportion for NPK is 4:2:1. and all our efforts should be made to train the farmers regarding balanced use of fertilizers. During 2007-08 it is estimated that the NPK ratio will be 8.52:3.80:1. Still we have to go a long way to achieve the standard ratio. Targets of fertilizer distribution in Annual Plan 2008-09 are focused on achieveming the desired ratio in the following manner.

Element

49. The distribution of fertilizers in the form of element is indicated in the table below:-

(000 M.T.)S.N. Year N P K Total1 2007-08 Target 2774.41 1089.95 325.74 4190.10

Anti.Ach. 2774.41 1089.95 325.74 4190.102 2008-09

Target2885.38 1198.94 407.17 4491.49

Fertilizer

50. The plan nutrients are shown as N.P and K but their application to the soil is done as Urea, DAP, Potash and NPK mixture. The distribution of these fertilizers will be ensured during the year as indicated in the table below:-

(000 M.T.)Sl.No. Year Urea DAP MOP NPK Total1 2007-08 Target 5118.99 1798.41 272.11 1043.61 8233.12

Anti.Ach. 5118.99 1798.41 272.11 1043.61 8233.12

2 2008-09 Target 5263.76 1978.25 382.39 1138.97 8763.37

Balanced Fertilizer Use

51. It is proposed that by 2008-09 the NPK ratio should be brought to 7.09:2.94:1. The Year wise targets for using fertilizers in balanced form are shown below:-

S.N. Year N P K1 2007-08 Target 8.52 3.35 1

Anti.Ach. 8.52 3.35 1

[ 25 ]

2 2008-09 Target 7.09 2.94 1

Bio- Fertilizers

52. The plant nutrients are also supplied through bio fertilizers. These fertilizers do not have any negative impact on the soil structure/properties. Therefore, the use of bio fertilizers is now being promoted. The year wise target and achievement of the distribution of bio fertilizers is shown below:-

(Packets in lakh)S. N. Year Target Anti. Ach.1 2007-08 6.00 6.002 2008-09 7.00 -

Plant Protection

53. Plant protection chemicals are considered a major input in cultivation. Various types of chemicals are used for various purposes. Weedicides are used to weeds, remove fungicides are used for remove fungus and like wise other chemicals are used to weed out pests and insects for the protection of crops.Use of pesticides in a huge quantity can adversely impact on quality of crop produce and soil health. It can also cantominate water. Bio-pesticides and IPM techniques are being popularized for the past several years. Plant Protection. targets and achievement for the Year 2007-08 and 2008-09 are as follows:-

(M.T./K.L)Sl.No

Particulars 2007-08 Target

2007-08Anti. Achieve.

2008-09Target

1. Insecticides/Dust/Granules 7000 7000 71002. Insecticides Liquid 360 360 3803. Fungicides 720 720 7404. Weedicides 1780 1780 18005. Rodenticides/ Fumigants 108 108 114

TOTAL 9968 9968 10134

Bio-Pesticide

54. Since bio pesticides don’t have any chemicals in their compositions they are not hazardous to human life. The use of bio pesticides has to be encouraged to save the biotic life within the soil. The year wise target and achievement of distributing bio pesticides are as under:-

(Unit in M.T./K.L)S.N. Year Target Anti. Achieve.

[ 26 ]

1 2007-08 680 6802 2008-09 720 -

Integrated Pest Management

55. Pests and insects cause major losses in production. Normally pesticides are used to control the attack of pests and insects, but the use of pesticides is harmful to human life. Therefore, integrated pest management is the only solution to safeguard human life and enviournment. The targets and achievements for IPM are given below:-

(Unit in 000)Sl. No.

Name Unit 2007-08 2008-09Target Anti. Ach. Target

1 Tricoderma Kg. 76 76 1102 Bueberia/vasiyana Kg. 32 32 553 Pseudonymous Kg. 12 12 304 Metaraizium Kg. 10 10 155 Vertiginous Kg. 10 10 156 Trichogama Card No. 33.90 33.90 1107 NPV Le. 340 340 400

Credit

56. Composition of the farmers of the State shows that 90% of the farmers are hailing from marginal and small category. Hence, a large section of farmers are economically marginal and their purchasing power is very poor. Now-a-days, cultivation is means-based and it is not possible to manage every input of agriculture without loan. Non institutional credit (Mahajan Pratha etc.) is always painful and makes the loan taker get in to debt trap. Year-wise target and achievements are as given below.

Crop loan distribution target and anti. achievement for the year 2007-08 and 2008-09

(Rs in Crore) S.N. Year Cooperative

banksCommercial

banksTotal Average/ ha in

Rs.1 2007 Kharif 907.50 2464 3371.50

2007-08 Rabi 1072.50 5060 6132.50Total 1980 7524 9504 5657

Anti. Achiev. 2007 Kharif 907.50 2464 3371.50

2007-08 Rabi 1072.50 5060 6132.50Total 1980 7524 9504 5657

[ 27 ]

2 2008 Kharif 998.25 2710.40 3708.652008-09 Rabi 1179.75 5566 6745.75Total 2178 8276.40 10454.40 6223

Natural Resource Management

57. The state has 55.73 lakh ha. problematic area at present. By the end of Annual Plan 2008-09, it is planned to reclaim 5.72 lakh ha. through various schemes. It is estimated that 25 to 35 thousand hectare agricultural land shifted to non agricultural purpose every year. Through the natural resource management we will be able to create 35 to 40 thousand hectares land for agricultural coverage. Implementation of the various scheme of N.R.M. is helpful in the enhancement of production and productivity and along with the maintenance of ecological balance. Scheme-wise physical target and achievement for the years 2007-08 and 2008-09 are as follows:-

(Area in Ha.)S.N. Name of scheme 2007-08

Target2007-08

Anti. Ach.2008-09Target

1. Macro Management of agriculture 60658 60658 877502. Bhoom Seena Yojna 0 0 03. Sub Scheme for Tharu Tribe 2500 2500 25004. Kissan Hit Yojna 140000 140000 1400005. Mitigation of Drought through

Rain water harvesting and better water mangament

22000 22000 2200

6. Efficient Water management 32800 32800 328007. RIDF 11-12-13 112694 112694 2302388. Water Shed Development Fund 0 0 30009. UP Land reclamation Project

(World Bank)0 0 67500

10. Reclamation of flush floods affected area in Katri region (JICA/ Japan Aided)

0 0 6000

TOTAL 370607 370607 571988

Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA)

58. The details of the physical targets for 2008-09 are indicated in the table below:- Item 2008-09

[ 28 ]

TargetExposure Visits 420Training 1750Kisan Melas 140Demonstrations 12600Reward and Incentive 420

Production and Productivity

59. The envisaged growth rate for Agriculture sector during Eleventh Five Year Plan Period is 5.7% which will be reflected in terms of increase the food grain production and productivity. Considering the food grain production of 2005-2006 as a base year the year wise and crop wise targets of food grain production is estimated as under-

( In Lakh M/T)Season Crops 2007-08

Target2007-08

Anti.Achieve.2008-09 Target

Kharif Rice 135.04 115.03 138.65Jwar 2.79 2.23 2.90Bajra 13.42 12.27 14.20Maize 13.58 11.90 13.82Coarse Cereal 0.15 0.31 0.16Kharif Cereals 164.98 141.74 169.97Urd 2.22 1.57 2.26Moong 0.09 0.13 0.09Kharif Pulses 2.31 5.39 2.36Kharif Food Grains 167.29 147.13 172.33Til (Pure) 0.18 0.29 0.19Til (Mixed) 0.09 0.10Total Til 0.27 0.29Ground Nut 0.109 0.83 1.12Soyabean 0.03 0.80 0.03Kharif Oilseed 1.39 1.20 1.44

Rabi Wheat 285.00 260.41 292.85Barley 4.43 4.58 4.44Maize 0.15 0.15 0.16Rabi Cereal 289.58 265.12 297.43Gram 8.98 7.30 9.00Pea 6.44 5.34 6.46Lentil 6.07 4.81 6.09

[ 29 ]

Season Crops 2007-08 Target

2007-08 Anti.Achieve.

2008-09 Target

Pigeon pea 5.69 4.18 5.71Rabi Pulses 27.18 21.63 27.26Rabi Food Grains 316.76 286.75 324.69R/Mustard (Pure) 6.87 7.14 7.29R/Mustard (Mixed) 2.78 2.89 2.95Total 9.65 10.03 10.24Linseed (Pure) 0.17 0.17 0.18Linseed (Mixed) 0.07 0.07 0.08Total 0.24 0.24 0.26Rabi Oilseed 10.05 10.27 10.67

G. Total Cereals 454.56 416.48 467.41Pulses 29.49 24.65 29.64Food Grains 484.05 441.13 497.07Oilseed (Pure) 8.50 8.70 8.99Oilseed (Mixed) 2.94 3.07 3.12Total 11.44 11.77 12.11

Note: - 1- Base year 2005-06 for the production estimation @ 5.1% growth rate.

Crop-wise Food Grains Productivity

60. The productivity of various crops has to be raised in order to achieve the targets of food grain production. Considering the growth rate of 5.1% the target for the productivity of various crops should be enhanced to the level as shown in the table below:-

(Qtls/ha)Season Crops 2007-08 2007-08 2008-09

Target Anti.Ach. TargetKharif Rice 22.25 22.25 22.85

Jowar 8.64 8.64 8.98Bajra 15.77 15.77 16.68Maize 14.86 14.86 15.12Coarse cereal 5.52 5.52 0.16Kharif Cereals 20.16 20.16 20.77Urd 6.12 6.12 6.23Moong 3.21 3.21 3.38Kharif Pulses 5.91 5.91 6.03Kharif Food Grains 19.51 19.51 20.10Til (Pure) 1.75 1.75 1.88

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Season Crops 2007-08 2007-08 2008-09Target Anti.Ach. Target

Til (Mixed)Total TilGround Nut 10.19 10.19 10.46Soyabean 2.73 2.73 2.93Kharif Oilseed 6.29 6.29 6.52

Rabi Wheat 30.79 30.79 31.64Barley 17.44 17.44 17.48Rabi Cereal 30.42 30.42 31.25Gram 10.68 10.68 10.71Pea 19.63 19.63 19.71Lentil 9.71 9.71 9.75Pigeon pea 14.44 14.44 14.50Rabi Pulses 12.42 12.42 12.46R/ Mustard (Pure) 12.14 12.14 18.88MixedTotal Linseed (Pure) 4.15 4.15 4.32Linseed (Mixed)Total

G.Total Cereals 25.66 25.66 26.38Pulses 10.99 10.99 11.05Food Grains 23.85 23.85 24.49Oilseed (Pure) 10.19 10.19 10.78

Macro Management of Agriculture

61. Keeping in view the need based and location specific nature of agriculture production system, Govt. of India initiated Macro management of Agriculture through amalgamating 27 centrally sponsored/central sector schemes in the year 2001. In this system, the central assistance is earmarked by the GOI with the freedom to choose, formulate and decide the constraints and their redressal within the frame-work of guide lines issued by G.O.I. The different schemes/components can be addressed for agriculture development.

The main emphasis is on the following areas-

Focus on organic farming to protect environment and ensure sustainable food production.

Mechanization for timely operations, boosting use efficiency and reducing cost of production.

Bio agent production and quality control.

Demonstrations in Nyaya Panchayats having lowest productivity.

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Demonstration of IPM techniques in each block.

Development of MIS software for improved monitoring

Extensive use of print and electronic media.

Seed Replacement Rate is being accelerated.

62. The NRM is utilizing approx.40% of the total allocation. Keeping in view the enormity of problematic lands, this sector deserves more attention.

Technology Mission on Oilseeds, Pulses & Maize

ISOPOM (Integrated Schemes of Oilseeds, Pulses, Oil palm &Maize)

63. For increasing the production of oilseeds, pulses and maize, centrally sponsored schemes, namely Oilseeds Production Programme (OPP), National Pulses Development Project (NPDP) and Accelerated Maize Development Programme (AMDP), were being implemented in the state till 2003-2004. To provide flexibility in implementation of these programmes, based on regionally differentiated approach to promote crop diversification and to provide focused approach to the programmes, the schemes of Oilseed Production Programme (OPP), National Pulses Development Project (NPDP) and Accelerated Maize Development Programme (AMDP) have been modified and merged into the centrally sponsored “Integrated Scheme of Oilseeds, Pulses, Oil palm and Maize” (ISOPOM) during the 10 th five year plan. The ISOPOM is being implemented since 2004-2005 in the state. This project will continue in Annual Plan 2008-09.

Kisan Mitra/ Farmer Friends Scheme

64. This scheme is being implemented in the state since 1998-99. The purpose of this scheme is to establish effective agricultural extension mechanism. Agriculture statistics show that about 90% of the farmers are small & marginal and their land holding sizes are also not viable, hence, it is necessary to adopt advanced agricultural technology and practices to over come these problems. At village level, agriculture graduates, intermediates and experienced persons in the field of agriculture will be selected as Kisan Mitra. These Kisan Mitra will be the major tools of the agriculture extension programme.

Support to Extension Programme for Extension Reforms (ATMA)

65. The aim of this scheme is to take innovative action in extension services of public sector. Participation of private sector in extension services is also promoted. Agriculture extension services will also be promoted through the media and information technology. Participation of women has to be ensured in agriculture and there is a need to enhance their capacity. Major programmes of this scheme are exposure visits, training, demonstration, Kisan Mela and Kisan Gosthis etc.

Scheme for Strengthening of Soil Health

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66. Intensive agriculture coupled with imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers and low addition of organic matter in the soil have led to deteriorating soil health. This has caused stagnation in production of major crops. Soil health can be maintained by incorporating organic matter in the soil and promoting use of bio fertilizers. Keeping in view the need for improvement in soil health, this scheme will be confirmed during the Annual Plan 2008-09 .

67. Soil Testing is recognized as one of the scientific means for quick characterization of the fertility status of soil and predicting nutrients requirement of crops. It is an important tool in profitable farming and in monitoring soil fertility changes throughout the world. It is the only way through which actual dose of specific nutrients could be assessed correctly for balanced use of fertilizers. Soil testing has an important role and significance with regard to crop production.

Development of Extension Services in Private Sector

68. The motto of this scheme is to make plan and effective mechanism for transfer of technology and agri. extension from farmer to farmer. Problems of the farmers will be solved by progressive and experienced companion farmers at a definite platform and also plan for the use of local option. Farmers community should be joined on farming system and integrated training i.e. agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, dairy and fisheries will be made available. Farmer’s participation in technical development works with research institutes/ KVK/ agriculture school at Gram Panchayat Level. It is also aimed that latest and traditional technical knowledge is made a variable at local level.

National Project for Organic Farming

69. It is necessary to promote organic farming keeping in view the decreasing status of Soil Health. It is experienced that, there is stagnation in foodgrain production. Deteriorating soil health is a major reason for stagnation in food grain production. Imbalance in the use of chemical fertilizers and negligible use of organic fertilizers is a major reason to the weakness of soil health. The shortcomings in soil are as under:-

Decreasing Macro nutrients like Zinc, Copper manganese and iron and secondary nutrients like sulphur.

Imbalance in the use of fertilizers also disturbs physical characteristics of soil and the doses not providing appropriate level of nutrient potential.

To tackle the aforesaid problem, this scheme is being implemented from the year 2005-06 and it is proving fruitful for the farmers.

Crop Insurance

70. The aim of this scheme is to stabilize farmer’s income in the period of natural calamities as well as farm epidemic conditions. In every Kharif and Rabi season, this scheme is implemented in the state after the administrative approval of GOI in the notified areas. At present this scheme is implemented on regional basis exclusing sugarcane. Insured crop is standard guaranteed yield. If actual yields are below the guaranteed yield the less yield difference is paid by the insurance company.

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Multiplication, Storage & Distribution of quality Seeds

71. There are 160 Govt. Agricultural farms with a total area of 7084 ha. Out of which 710 ha is under infrastructural use and the remaining 6383 ha is available for cultivation. Presently, only 4000 ha is under seed production. In order to bring the unutilized land under productive use and raise the SRR to the level of 24.88 %, during Annual Plan 2008-09, following activities are proposed under this scheme:-

To achieve 24.88 % SRR, productivity needs to be raised.

Use of breeder seeds which are 25% costlier than foundation seed.

Bringing unutilized land to the productive fold.

Three big farms, proposed under the scheme, are affected with sodicity so, the reclamation of soil on the farms will also be proposed.

Scheme for Subsidy on Hybrid/Certified Seed

72. Govt. of India is providing subsidy on certified seeds of varieties notified within 10 years. The rate of subsidy is Rs. 200/- per q. of which 80% is provided by GOI and 20% by state Govt. Presently, the cost of certified seeds has gone up mantfold so, in order to make the cost of seeds affordable to farmers, It is proposed that the state Govt. should also raise its share equal to GOI making the subsidy on certified seeds Rs. 320/- per q. This scheme is proposed in 11 th Five Year Plan. For this purpose qualitative seed production enhancement will be compulsory." At present a number of hybrid rice type seeds have been developed for different agro climatic zone. Productivity of these hybrid seeds varies from 60-80 Qtls per hectare. Propagation of the use of these types of hybrid seeds is very useful in achieving targeted production and reducing the cost of rice cultivation. Keeping in view the popularity and use of these types of hybrid seeds, a scheme has been proposed which will provide subsidy to the farmers @ 25% or Rs. 4000 per Qtl which ever is less.

Seed Village Scheme

73. This 100% centrally sponsored scheme is being implemented in the state since 2006-07. The aim of this scheme is to train the farmer for quality seed production at their own level for the purpose of enhancement in Seed Replacement Rate (SRR). State seed statistics shows that the ratio of certified and quality seed is 3:1. Seed Replacement target at the end of Eleventh Five Year Plan is 29.14%. To achieve this target there is a requirement of scheme 40.06 lakh Qtls. Of quality seed. This will help in achieving the target.

Agrinet

74. This course is 100% funded by the Central Government for the purpose of Integrated Computer Technology Use for the Farming Community to provide them advance information, technology and other services about agriculture and allied sectors. In the Ist phase it will be implemented in 32 districts of the State which have been already covered by the ATMA.

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Enhancing Rabi Pulses Production in U.P.

75. At present the availability of pulses is around 35gm per capita per day in the State which is below the recommended level. Efforts are being made to boost up pulses production to the desired requirement in future. U.P. is one of the major pulse producing states of the country. In India the total area under pulses is 234 lakh hectares where as in U.P.total area under pulses is 27.51 lakh hectare, which is about 12% of total area under pulses at national level. During 2005-06, pulse production was 22.32 lakh MT with an average yield of 8.11 qtls/ha which is higher than national and international level. In the other words, the state has the highest pulses productivity in the world.

Hybrid Rice Seed Production Scheme

76. The productivity of rice per hectare in the state at present is 21.87 qtls. Coverage of paddy in the state in Kharif season is nearly 70%. Demand of popular hybrid rice seed is also increasing at a rapid pace. Keeping in mind the future situation and demand of the farmers this scheme is going to be implemented in the Annual Plan 2008-09.

Seed Production through Farmers Participation

77. The aim of this scheme is to train the farmer for quality seed production at their own level for the purpose of enhancement in Seed Replacement Rate (SRR). State seed statistics show that the ratio of certified and quality seed is 3:1. Seed Replacement target at the end of 11 th Five Year Plan is 29.14%, to achieve this target there is a need of 40.06 lakh Qtls. quality seed. To cater to the need of seed requirement this scheme has been again proposed for the aforesaid purpose.

Food Security Mission

78. The aforesaid mission will have three components namely; Wheat, Rice and Pulses. As per the resolution of 53rd meeting of NDC, an additional production of Rice, Wheat and Pulses of 10 million tons, 8 million tons and 2 million tons respectively is being planned at National level by the end of 11 th Five Year Plan. In U.P. 38 districts have been identified for wheat production, 19 districts for pulses production and 26 districts for production of rice.

Objectives of the scheme

Increasing production of rice, wheat and pulses through area expansion and productivity enhancement in a sustainable manner in the identified districts of the country.

Restoring soil fertility and productivity at the individual farm level.

Creation of employment opportunities.

Enhancing farm level economy (i.e. farm profit) to restore confidence amongst the farmers.

Implementation Features of the Scheme

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Implementation in a mission mode through active engagement of all the stakeholders at various levels.

Promotion and extension of improved technologies i.e., Seed, Integrated Nutrient Management including micronutrients, soil amendments, IPM and resource conservation technologies along with capacity building of farmers.

Flow of fund would be closely monitored to ensure that interventions reach the target beneficiaries on time.

Various interventions proposed would be integrated with the district plan and targets for each identified district would be fixed.

Constant monitoring and concurrent evaluation for assessing the impact of the intervention for a result oriented approach by the implementing agencies.

79. For the year 2007-08 under this mission Rs. 65.44 crores for wheat production enhancement and Rs. 8.41 crores for pulse production strategy mode has been formulated and as per the guidelines of the Government of India Rs. 100.00 crores is being estimated for implementation the programme for the year 2008-09.

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna

80. The aim of this national scheme is to incentivise states to draw plans for the agriculture sector more comprehensively, taking agro climatic conditions, natural resources issues and technology in to account, and integrating livestock's, poultry and fisheries more fully. Basic features of this scheme are as under:-

To incentivise states so as to increase public investment in Agriculture and allied sectors.

To provide flexibility and autonomy to states in the process of planning and executing Agriculture and allied sector schemes.

To ensure the preparation of agriculture plans for the districts and the states based on agro climatic conditions, availability of technology and natural resources.

To ensure that the local needs/crops/priorities are better reflected in the agricultural plans of the states.

To achieve the goal of reducing the yield gaps in important crops, through focused interventions.

To maximize returns to the farmers in agriculture and allied sectors.

To bring about quantifiable changes in the production and productivity of various components of agricultural and allied sectors by addressing them in a holistic manner.

Focus areas of the RKVY in agriculture sector are as under:-

Integrated development of major food crops such as Wheat, Paddy, Coarse cereal, Millets, Pulses and oil seeds through making available certified/hybrid seeds to farmers, farmers field schools at demonstration sights and training of farmers.

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Specific agriculture mechanization projects oriented towards enhancing farm productivity will be taken up.

Activities for enhancement of soil health shall be covered under this scheme.

Development of rain fed farming systems in and out side water shed areas, as also integrated development of water shed areas, waste land and river valleys projects shall also be assisted through this scheme.

Support to the state seed farms that are used for both research and seed purposes shall be provided fund in a project mode.

Integrated pest management techniques will also be promoted with the help of this scheme.

Strengthening of infrastructure to promote extension services for skill development and training of the farming community for revamping the existing state agricultural extension system.

Study tours of farmers to create interest in them, especially to research institutions.

Support to decentralized production at the village level and marketing of organic and bio fertilizer will be provided by this scheme.

81. Agriculture Finance Corporation has been engaged for the preparation of District Agriculture Plan and State level Committee SLSC has also been constituted. For the year 2007-08 following proposal is under consideration. Details are as follows:

Department Amount (in crore)

1. Agriculture 72.582. Agriculture Universities 5.543. U.P. Seed Development Corp. 9.114. Animal Husbandry 10.005. Fisheries 4.256. Dairy Development 10.80

TOTAL 112.28

82. A sum of Rs. 600.00 crores is being proposed for the year 2008-09.

Soil and Water Conservation

Status of Land Resource

83. The major rivers of the state are Ganga, Yamuna, Ghaghra and Sone. Problematic areas of watershed are situated along these rivers.

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Total Reported Area (Lakh ha.) 242.01

Total Problematic Areas (Lakh ha.) 120.44Classification of Present Problematic Area (Lakh ha.)

Sl.No.

Type of Problem Total Area

Treated Area(Up to March, 06)

Balance Area

Degraded and Problematic landA Agriculture Land 60.66 44.53 16.13B Non Agriculture Land 12.87 5.29 7.58

Total 73.53 49.82 23.71Special Problematic LandA Ravine Land 12.30 5.68 6.62B Usar and Alkaline Land 11.51 6.08 5.43C Diara and Khadar Land 15.00 1.59 13.41D Water Logged Land 8.10 1.54 6.54

Total 46.91 12.70 32.02Grand Total 120.44 64.71 55.73

84. Schemes and their scope are as under:-Sl.No. Name of scheme 2008-09

(Physical Target in ha.)

2008-09Financial Target

in lakh Rs.1. Macro Management of agriculture 877502. Bhoom Sena Yojna 0 03. Sub Scheme for Tharu Tribe 2500 205.004. Kissan Hit Yojna 140000 17100.005. Mitigation of Drought through Rain

water harvesting and better water management

2200 2200.00

6. Efficient Water management 32800 3280.007. RIDF 11-12-13 230238 19398.268. Water Shed Development Fund 3000 300.009. UP Land reclamation Project

(World Bank)0.00 0.00

10. Reclamation of flash floods affected area in Katri region (JICA/ Japan Aided)

6000 0.00

TOTAL 571988 51424.08

Aims of the Soil and Water Conservation Programme

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Treatment through engineering and botanic method in Rainfed watershed areas to conserve moisture and water harvesting. Cropping intensity and productivity enhancement are the major issues of these areas.

To check flood through appropriate measures of soil and water conservation techniques to tackle up the problem of land degradation, silting and minimization of moisture.

Development and treatment of USAR, ravine and water logged areas.

Implementation of schemes for social upliftment of small, marginal and SC/ST farmers in watershed areas.

Implementation of schemes for employment generation for landless agricultural laborers and small and marginal farmers for their socio economic upliftment..

To maintain the ecological balance through soil and water conservation programmes.

Renovation of rural ponds through different schemes for aquaculture and fisheries. It is also helpful in raising the water table.

Agriculture Education and Research

85. The responsibility of carrying out agriculture education, research and extension in the fields of Agricultural Science, Horticulture, Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Agricultural Engineering, Fisheries and Agro-forestry is a major mandate of State Agricultural Universities. These State Agricultural Universities have their network of Zonal and Regional Research Stations and Krishi Vigyan Kendras/Krishi Gyan Kendras for conducting research as well as extension of technologies on local specific problems. Presently the following four State Agricultural Universities are established in the state.

1. Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur

2- Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad.

3. Sardar Ballabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut.

4. Allahabad Agriculture Deemed University, Naini, Allahabad.

86. The Allahabad Agriculture Deemed University is established as a minority institution and does not come under the perview of Krishi Evam Prodyogik Vishwavidyalaya Adhiniyam 1958.

Achievements during the Year 2007-08

C.S. Azad University Of Agriculture And Technology, Kanpur

The University's area of jurisdiction is Central Uttar Pradesh, which comprises three agro-climatic zones viz., Southwest semi arid zone, Bundelkhand and Central Plain Zone. The region's percentage share of all major crop commodities in terms of area and production is quite sizeable. During last plan period following varieties developed by university have been identified for release:

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Wheat- K-9851, K-0402, Barley- K-791,Maize- Chandramani(R-9903), Bajra- CSBV-5, CSBV-6, Tomato-KS-17, Okra-Azad Bhindi-3(Red), Bean-KDV-403, KDV-405.

The important work of extension was carried out through Krishak Help Line Sewa, Krishi Melas, Conduct of Training and Demonstration and Organization of Farmers Day. The bio-agents of various pest and diseases were also produced and distributed to farmers.

N.D. University Of Agriculture And Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad

The University carried out research to develop high yielding disease resistant varieties of various crops which made significant contribution in raising the production of different crops in the region. During 2007-2008 the university developed following new varieties :

Rice - Narendra Dhan-K5050, Narendra Shushka Samrat (NDR-1045-2), Pigeonpea- Narendra Arhar-3, Colocasia-PKS-1, Banda-Narendra Banda-3, Bottle Gourd-NDBG-132, Ber-Narendra Ber Selection1 and 2.

The university has carried out trainings, front line demonstrations, farmers fairs, farm gosthis, farmers-scientists interaction programmes and farmers technical trainings.Queries of the farmers have been answered through Farmers Help Line.

Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University Of Agriculture And Technology, Modipuram, Meerut

The university has developed following new varieties of important crops during last plan period:

Rice-Ballabh Basmati-21, Urd-Ballabh Urd, Turmeric-Ballabh Priya, Arbi-Ballabh Nikki.

The university has conducted trainings, demonstrations, adaptable trials, field advisory service and miscellaneous activities (kisan melas, gosthi, krishak help line). The queries of the farmers have been answered through Farmers Help Line.

Allahabad Agriculture Institute (Deemed University), Naini, Allahabad

The university has developed technologies for management of Guava Wilt. The University has also developed facilities for production of bio-agents for management of various pest and diseases. The university has developed a new hybrid variety of scented rice.

The important work of extension was carried out through Krishak Help Line Sewa, Krishi Melas, Conduct of Training and Demonstration and Organization of Farmers Day. In 2008-09, 8 Gosthis, 8 Demonstrations, 07 seasonal workshops were organized by Directorate of Extension in which 292, 176 and 250 farmers participated, respectively.

U.P. Council of Agricultural Research, Lucknow

The council organizes workshop, seminars, brain storming sessions to identify various problems in agriculture and allied fields. The council is also engaged in developing database on agricultural education, research and extension in the state.

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In order to prepare contingent plan and suggest various measures which may be adopted by the farmers during adverse weather conditions, the council constituted Crop Weather Forecast Group. The group meets regularly to discuss and recommended action plan for farmers for adverse weather conditions. The recommendation of the group are publicized through print and other media.

The council has established a WTO Cell to develop database on WTO related issues and to conduct studies, suggest measures enhancing exports from the state. The WTO Cell publishes WTO Newsletter and keeps track of WTO negotiations and their impact on state agriculture. The cell has also initiated study on impact of WTO provisions on U.P. agriculture. The cell also organizes seminars/workshops to sensitize the policy makers and other concerned on latest developments about WTO’s matters.

Horticulture

87. Uttar Pradesh has diverse agro-climatic conditions and with its vast agricultural & natural resources, it is facilitating production of various food crops like fruits, vegetables, spices, medicinal and aromatic plants etc. In terms of geographical area the state is fourth in the country with a cultivated area of 15.91 Lac hectares in vegetables. The state accounts for 16% of India's total population and produces 15% the country's vegetables production i.e. 266.06 Lac ton. UP ranks second among all states in vegetable production. Major vegetables are potato and peas (leading state), sweet potato (second among states), cabbage (sixth among states). U.P. contributes 40-45% of the potato production of the country.

88. Similarly, UP ranks third production of fruits among all states. Major fruits grown in the state are Mango (leading state in India in terms of production), Guava (ranked fourth in India), Banana and Litchi. The overall productivity of fruits in the state is 10.79 tons/ha against national average of 11.9 tons per hectares. The important spices produced in Uttar Pradesh are onion (sixth among states), turmeric, chili, Garlic, fennel, fenugreek and coriander.

89. Nearly 72% of the total population of the state is engaged in cultivation, out of which approximately 80% farmers are small and marginal category. To boost up the required horticultural development in the state different schemes / programmes under state / centrally sponsored schemes are being implemented.

90. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan period (2007-12), the growth rate of this sector has been fixed at 10%. To achieve this growth rate the department is implementing various developmental schemes i.e. production new varieties of fruits, adoption of hybrid varieties of vegetables and spices of high quality and production, adoption of new horticultural techniques, production of European vegetables, adoption of new techniques to increase production of flowers and medicinal plants, establishment of high-tech model nurseries, apiculture, mushroom cultivation, establishment of distillation units for flowers and medicinal & aromatic plants, onion storage units and the establishment of semi-processing and processing units in the state.

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Achievements and Present Status

91. Horticulture development received focused attention in the Tenth Plan period which resulted in spectacular growth in the horticultural crops leading U.P. to become the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the country.

92. The main emphasis during the Eleventh Five Year Plan is to change the conventional practices of farming communities through transfer of new technologies and varieties. Area expansion programme is being taken up through varietal diffusion for increasing the production and productivity of horticultural crops while demonstrations are being conducted for filling up the gaps in latest technical know-how.

93. To achieve desired growth in the horticultural development of the state various programmes are being implemented under the central and state schemes. The farmers are being trained in the newly developed horticultural techniques. They have been encouraged to adopt traditional and newly developed varieties of different horticultural crops to increase the production and productivity. The farmers are being provided with technical and financial assistance. There has been a remarkable achievement in expansion of the area under horticultural crops and production due to successful implementation of different horticulture developmental schemes/programmes in the last few years in the state.

94. Year wise proposed target of area, production and growth rate for the Eleventh Five Year Plan and the achievement of Tenth Five Year Plan are as under:-

Area in Lac Ha. & Prod. in Lac M.T.S.N.

Item Achievement of Xth Five Year Plan

Proposed target of Eleventh Five Year Plan

Proposed growth rate of Eleventh Five Year Plan

Anti. Achi. in the Year 2007-08

Proposed Target in the Year 2008-09

1. Fruits

Area 8.24 13.21 8.19 9.77 10.53

Prod. 88.87 164.37 10.46 112.27 123.50

2. Vegetable

Area 15.91 24.10 8.67 17.81 19.21

Prod. 266.06 441.90 11.11 301.82 332.00

3. PotatoArea 5.07 6.81 8.35 5.03 5.43Prod. 122.30 166.93 10.41 114.01 125.42Total

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Area 29.22 44.12 8.47 32.61 35.17Prod. 477.23 773.20 10.87 528.1 580.92

Potential

95. Horticultural crops are well suited to the agro-ecological conditions of Uttar Pradesh and have considerable scope for further expansion. Being a densely populated state, most of the farmers are small and marginal and they practice farming of vegetables, spices, floriculture and early fruiting crops like banana & papaya, where on one hand labour is optimally used and on the other continued annual income can also be earned. The potential are the important aspects of horticultural scenario in U.P..

96. U.P. is a major producer of fruits & vegetables, accounting for 20% to 25% of total production in India. U.P has considerable potential to increase the productivity and production of fruits, vegetables, spices and flowers on account of the varied agro climatic conditions, abundance of natural resources and introduction of technological changes.

97. Horticulture sector may prove to be an important sector of the state’s economy, with its highest shares both in terms of state income as well as employment. Its share in total work force is higher than its share in state income. Cultivation of vegetables & fruits creates two to three times more employment than cultivation of cereal crops. Employment in this sector can be increased by improving cropping intensity. Horticultural crops create 860 mandays per hectare.

98. There is a prime need to bring more area under highly productive horticultural crops both for table as well as processing purpose as per national and international demand so as to establish these varieties in the market on competitive basis.

Production of seeds of new varieties and planting material in private sector.

Crop diversification of Horticultural crops.

Marketing and Export promotion of different horticultural produce so as to exploit competitive advantage for the export of horticultural crops.

Promotion of horticultural processing industries.

Horticulture provides opportunity for nutritional security and also food security through better accessibility.

Vast opportunity to attract youth towards horticulture which creates two to three times more employment than in with return of cereal crops.

There exists great scope of utilizing waste and ravine lands for horticultural crops.

Strategy

To disseminate improved horticultural technology with area expansion in respect of fruits, vegetable, potato, flowers, spices and aromatic plants.

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To increase the availability of improved seeds and elite planting material with high productivity and suitability to Indian and Export Market.

To improve productivity with export quality production.

To provide Post harvest infrastructure and give priority to food processing industry.

To encourage and motivate the growers to organize themselves and arrange their input supply as well as marketing of the produce through formation of Farmers Interest Groups (FIGs) and Horticultural Co-operative societies.

To enhance and strengthen the technology base particularly up gradation of the technical knowledge of the staff and farmers in respect of production, post harvest techniques and marketing of the produce.

Adoption of Hi-Tech horticulture is imperative for competing in international market. The technologies include genetically modified varieties, micro-propagation, integrated nutrient, water and pest management, fertilization, protected cultivation, organic farming, bio-pesticides, bio-fertilizers and hi-tech post harvest technologies as-ionizing radiation, microwave and infra-red processing, membrane filtration, cold chain and controlled atmospheric storage, is to be introduced.

Annual Plan, 2008-09

99. The congenial agro-climatic conditions prevalent in the state viz; which are suitable for production of many horticultural crops, availability of plenty of sun shine, cheap skilled labour, improved variety of seeds, etc. offer good opportunities of horticultural development. It is proposed to optimally utilize the existing strengths and opportunities.

Production Of Ornamental and Elite Fruit Planting Material, Vegetable & Spices Seed Production and Seed Processing

100. For implementing various horticultural schemes viz. plantation of orchards, expansion of area and enhancement of production of vegetables, spices, flowers, potato, medicinal and aromatic plants, good quality planting material and seed are required. Although, several nurseries and seed production farms have been established in private sector, the good quality planting material and foundation seeds of vegetables and potato have been produced in Government nurseries / farms under the scheme.

Commercial Horticulture Development in Extensive Areas

101. The scheme will specially focus on increasing the production and productivity through adoption of improved technologies duly ensuring quality of all horticultural crops and creation of markets at the block and district level. Special emphasis will be given for adopting cluster approach for developing regionally differentiated crops, which are most suitable for the district/region. Availability of good quality planting material being a key area for the development of horticulture, efforts will be made to create necessary infrastructure in the form of nurseries. This will be supplemented with plantation development

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programmes by adding new areas under improved varieties to meet the demand of the market in fresh as well as processed form.

102. The low productivity of the perennial fruits like mango, peach, guava, aonla, ber, citrus etc. is mainly due to small size of holdings. the preponderance of old and senile trees and poor management. Under the scheme, it is proposed to take up productivity improvement programmes in such old and thickly shaded mango and guava orchards through rejuvenation.

103. For enabling growth through increased productivity, it is proposed to take up activities like- protected cultivation such as poly houses, plastic tunnel, shed-net, mulching, promotion of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM), Integrated Pest Management (IPM), training and demonstrations for imparting the latest technical know-how to the farmers, awareness regarding high technology, etc.

104. Post harvest management would aim creating suitable infrastructure like pack-houses for efficient post harvest management and establishment of rural markets for marketing of horticulture produce. Marketing promotional activities such as dissemination of market information to the farmers, processors, traders, and consumers would also covered. Farmers will also be encouraged to involve the Corporate houses for ensuring supply of quality inputs and buy back arrangement for remuneration on investments.

Horticulture Development Programme For SC/ST beneficiaries

105. As the state has varied agro-climate conditions entensive areas for different fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices etc. are being developed in suitable agro-climatic zones. The state is thickly populated and so the number of small and marginal farmers are growing continuously. A sizeable number of farmers belong to scheduled caste. Normally these farmers are involved in raising other agricultural crops which give them lesser return and so their living standard is not rising proportionately. So this scheme aims at promoting the farmers of scheduled caste/scheduled tribes to grow more of horticultural crops like vegetables, spices, flowers etc. and fruit crops like Guava, Aonla, Papaya etc. by which they can get continuous a better return. This would certainly help in raising their level of living standard.

106. The main objectives of Scheme are as follows:-

Transfer of technology of new and improved horticulture practices through demonstration and training to the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes farmers.

Economic improvement of schedule caste/scheduled tribes by encouraging them to grow horticulture cash crops.

To generate employment opportunities for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes farmers through farming of horticultural crops.

Improvement of production and productivity of horticulture crops by creating more area under horticulture.

Awareness Programme For Jetropha Cultivation

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107. Under the scheme, awareness would be created for cultivation of jetropha in the state. Awareness camps will be organized for Jetropha cultivation in 30 districts namely Aligarh, Hathras, Mathura, Agra, Firozabad, Etah, Mainpuri, Lakhimpur-kheeri, Hardoi, Unnao, Kannauj, Etawah, Auraiya, Kanpur Dehat, Kanpur Nagar, Jalaun, Jhansi, Lalitpur, Hamirpur, Mahoba, Chitrakoot, Fatehpur, Pratapgarh, Kaushambi, Ballia, Chandauli, Mirzapur, Sonbhadra and Ghazipur. One day training programmes are proposed to be conducted at district/block level where information regarding Jetropha cultivation, planting material, post harvest management and crop management techniques would be imparted to farmers.

Crop Insurance for Horticultural Crops

108. The objectives of National Agriculture Insurance Scheme are as follows:-

To Provide financial assistance and insurance coverage to notified crops to compensate for crop failure due to natural calamities, diseases etc.

To promote financial assistance to adopt progressive agriculture techniques and hi-tech practices.

109. Under the scheme the sum insured/limit of coverage may extend to the value of threshold yield of the insured crops at the option of insured farmers. However, the farmers may also insure his crops beyond the value of threshold yield level up to 150 percent of the average yield of the notified area on payment of premium at commercial rates.

110. In case of loaner farmers, the insured sum will at least be equal to the loan taken by the farmer. This would be in addition to insured charge. It would be necessary to follow the guidelines issued by Indian Reserve Bank/ NABARD in case of crop loan distribution process. For small and marginal farmers, there is provision for 50% state assistance. This will be borne equally by the centre and State/Union Territories.

State Horticulture Mission

111. Fifteen percent of the AAP is borne by the State Government during 2007-08. and the remaining years of the Eleventh Five Year Plan.

Micro Irrigation Project

112. A centrally sponsored scheme Micro Irrigation has been started in 2006-07, with 80% central share and 20% state share. Under the pattern of assistance under the scheme, 50% of the cost ( 40% central share and 10% state share) to the farmers, is provided as subsidy.

Distribution of Soil Testing Kit

113. It has been planned to distribute 8,000 soil testing kits at subsidized rates in all the 820 blocks in the state. Selection of beneficiaries will be done on the basis of first come first serve basis from amongst the interested unemployed educated youth. Selected beneficiaries will be given two days training in groups

[ 46 ]

of 25-25 in co-operation with Agriculture Universities/ Agriculture Farmer Centres / Agriculture Research Institutes situated in the districts. Subsequently, they will be given soil testing kits at 75% subsidized rates. The kits will be used by the beneficiaries to conduct test of soil specimen of farmers & earn some income.

Micro Irrigation in Bundelkhand and Sonbhadra Regions

114. The scheme will facilitate increase in coverage of area under drip as well as sprinkler irrigation systems for enhancing crop productivity. Initially the focus will be on covering the areas under horticultural crops promoted under National Horticulture Mission (NHM), which are conducive to drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation. For other crops, it will be restricted to potential belts/regions in the water deficit, arid and semi-arid areas. A cluster approach will be adopted in implementing the Scheme.

115. Under the Scheme, financial assistance to the beneficiary for sprinkler irrigation will be limited to 30 percent of the system cost subject to a maximum of Rs.4500/- per ha. Since sprinkler systems are moveable, the cost of the system will be governed by the actual quantity of material used.

116. The sprinkler systems sets, unlike drip system, are moveable. Hence one sprinkler set could cover more than one ha. by shifting it from one place to another. Assistance for sprinkler irrigation will be limited only to those crops for which drip irrigation is uneconomical. Depending upon the type of crop a farmer can avail assistance for sprinkler as well as drip irrigation, the combined area of which should not exceed five ha. per beneficiary. However, assistance for both sprinkler and drip irrigation will not be available for a crop on the same plot/field being cultivated by the farmer. Moreover, assistance for sprinkler irrigation alone, which is less efficient than drip irrigation, should be discouraged.

117. The cost for installation of the system will be borne by the beneficiary. The beneficiary will also be responsible for all electrical mechanical works such as pumps, panels, electrification works, etc; at his own cost. The manufacturer will be responsible for repair or replacement of the system components against manufacturing defects. Since the manufactures are supplying a tailor made system to the farmers, the transportation and installation charges of the system will be borne by the farmers.

118. A farmer will be eligible for assistance only if adequate water is available in the area proposed to be brought under Drip/Sprinkler irrigation.

Food Processing

119. Food processing encompasses a vast area. It includes grains, oil seeds, pulses, spices, fruits, vegetables, mushroom, fish, poultry, meat based industries. Uttar Pradesh produces about 22% of the total

[ 47 ]

food products produced by India. U.P is the foremost state in the production of fruits & vegetables in the country.

120. There are about 34,000 food processing units established in U.P in which about Rs. 2600.00 crore has been invested. At present about 2.68 lakh people are employed in these units. The farmers can get remunerative price if their produce is sold in & out of the country after processing .

121. A large quantity of fruits & vegetables is lost due to the lack of processing facilities. Only 2% of the total production is commercially processed, where as in the developed countries more than 50% of the fresh fruits & vegetables is processed. Although some success has bean achieved in pre harvest management of crops, in the field of post harvest management e.g.-grading, sorting, packing, processing, transport & marketing etc., much needs to be done.

122. According to the market estimates a sizable portion of produce after meeting local consumption csn be used for the processing units in the state.

STATUS OF FARM COMMODITIES AND MARKET SURPLUS RATIO (MSR)

S.N.

Item Unit India U.P. Share % of UP to India

Rank Market Surplus Ratio (MSR)

India UP1. Wheat Million

tons72.06 22.51 31.23 I 74.40 74.40

2. Sugar Cane Million tons

236.18 118.71 50.26 I 98.30 100.00

3. Maize Million tons

14.72 1.21 8.22 I 66.00 61.40

4. Rice Million tons

87.00 11.12 12.78 II 73.60 79.20

5. Oil Seeds Million tons

25.14 0.95 3.78 V 76.50 38.80

6. Vegetables Million tons

61.65 22.69 36.74 II N.A. 74.00 (assumed)

7. Fruits Million tons

45.20 8.52 10.48 III N.A. 75.00(assumed)

8. Potato Million tons

23.16 10.22 44.13 I 91.10 97.80

9. Livestock (excluding Cow)

Million nos.

396.00 58.53 15.00 I N.A. 82.00(assumed)

[ 48 ]

10.

Milk Production

Million liters.)

88.08 15.94 18.00 I N.A. 82.00(assumed)

(Source: SNAC.UP./ MFPI, Figure in million tons, except sr. no .9 & sr. no. 10 in million liters)

123. The number of different food processing units in Uttar Pradesh is shown in the table given below:- Status of Food Processing Industries at a Glance

Sectors Name of Industry India U.P. Total

Investment in the state (in crores)

Organized Sector Flour Mills 820 193 2600

Pulse Processing 602

Oil Seed Processing 2153

Rice Mills 671

Fruits/Vegetables 5198 589

Spices 34

Bakery 163

Milk Processing 213

Molasses 18

Fish Processing 418 N.A.

Meat 171 35

Abattoirs 319

Sugar Mills 114

Others 121

Unorganized Primary processing sector

Flour/Rice/Pulses/Oils Mills More than lac Units

More than 30000

Bakeries/Fruits/ More than

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Vegetables /Spices Processing Units

several thousands

(Source: mfpi/ nabard/ snac)

124. In the organized sector, there are 5225 processing units in which more than Rs. one lakh has been invested. Apart from that, there are 30,000 units in the unorganized sector and about Rs. 2600 crores has been invested in them.

Sugarcane

125. Sugarcane is an another important crop in the State. Almost half of the total sugarcane area in the country is in Uttar Pradesh. About 30 percent sugar production in the country is contributed by the State. Besides U.P. other prominent sugarcane producing states are Maharastra, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Gujrat in the tropical region and Punjab, Haryana and Bihar in the subtropical region. Inter state comparison on various parameters is presented below:-

Inter State Comparison of Sugarcane Statistics (Year 2005-06)

S.N.

State Cane Area (Thousand Ha.)

AV.Yield

(Tonnes per Ha.)

Cane Crushed

(Lac

Tonnes)

Sugar Production

(Lac Tonnes)

Sugar Recovery%

A Tropical regions

1 Maharastra 501 77.6 445.78 51.97 11.66

2 Tamilnadu 335 104.7 231.85 21.42 9.24

3 Karnataka 219 83.4 179.53 19.43 10.83

4 Andhra Pradesh 230 76.8 103.03 12.36 10.05

5 Gujrat 197 74.0 107.87 11.68 10.82

B Subtropical Region

1 U.P 2156 58.2 608.09 57.84 9.47

2 Haryana 127 64.4 41.88 4.09 9.78

3 Punjab 84 57.9 36.76 3.38 9.19

4 Bihar 101 42.8 44.55 4.22 9.48

C All India 4202 66.9 1886.72 192.67 10.22

Source: Indian Sugar–October 2007 Vol. No.(v) No. 7

126. From the perusal of the table the following inferences can be drawn:-

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Average yield per hectare is the highest in Uttar Pradesh after amongst Haryana states grouped in sub tropical region.

At 58.2 tonnes per hectare, productivity is much below than all India average of 66.9 tonnes.

Average sugar recovery is lower than Haryana but at par with Punjab. It is almost 0.75 percent lower than the all India average.

U.P. accounts for the largest production of sugar cane in the Country.

127. The following table gives inter-state sugar production since 1996-97:- State wise Sugar Production For last ten years

( lakh tones)S.N.

STATES 1996-1997

1997-1998

1998-1999

1999-2000

2000-2001

2001-2002

2002-2003

2003-2004

2004-2005

2005-2006

1 Andra Pradesh

7.72 7.82 11.13 11.82 10.22 10.48 12.10 8.86 9.82 12.36

2 Karnatka 8.71 9.59 13.72 15.77 16.13 15.50 18.68 11.16 10.40 19.433 Tamil

Nadu10.50 12.29 17.30 17.20 17.81 18.39 16.44

.9.21 11.08 21.42

4 Maharashtra

34.45 38.47 53.37 65.03 67.05 56.13 62.13 31.75 22.17 51.97

5 Uttar Pradesh

40.83 39.22 37.29 45.56 43.94 52.60 56.51 45.51 50.37 57.84

6 Bihar 3.62 2.99 2.58 3.68 2.88 3.42 4.08 2.74 2.54 4.227 Hariyana 4.90 3.82 4.04 4.77 5.86 6.24 6.36 5.82 4.00 4.09

All India 129.05 128.55

155.39

182.00

185.19

185.27

201.40

135.46

126.91

192.67

Source: Indian sugar-Oct 07 Vol. No (vi) No. 7

128. From the perusal of the above table it is evident that U.P. had occupied the top position in sugar production during the years 2003-04 to 2005-06 while Maharastra was the leading state during 1998-99 to 2002-03. The fluctuation in sugar production was a prominent factor during the period under review varying from 201.40 lakh tonne in 2002-03 to 192.67 in the year 2005-06.

129. The following table indicates the achievement in production and growth since First Five Year Plan:-

Plan wise Achievement regarding Important Indicators

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S.N.

The final year of the plan

Cane area(Lac.ha.)

Average yield (M.t./ ha.)

Cane Prodct.(L.t.)

Sugar Prodct.(L.t.)

No of Mills

Crushing capecity(Tcd)

Sugar recovery%

1 1st Five Year Plan

7.97 40.10 319.34 10.98 68 72,327 9.69

2 2nd Five Year Plan

9.84 37.72 371.10 12.04 71 84,859 9.32

3 3rd Five Year Plan

8.26 36.43 300.88 7.11 71 1,02,059 9.58

4 4th Five Year Plan 12.09 44.12 533.28 12.97 74 1,13,218 8.995 5th Five Year Plan 14.69 39.40 578.78 14.63 88 1,31,535 9.286 6th Five Year Plan 14.70 46.13 678.05 14.77 99 1,61,439 9.567 7th Five Year Plan 18.55 57.51 1066.77 36.51 106 2,14,991 9.188 8th Five Year Plan 21.96 60.76 1334.21 39.22 122 3,51,318 9.599 9th Five Year Plan 20.54 54.40 1117.38 43.87 110/

1003,58,804 9.73

10 10th Five Year Plan

26.61 60.00 1590.6 73.00 133 610000 9.65

130. Above table reveals that there has been more than three fold increase in the cane area of the state during the span of the last ten five year plans. Average yield per hectare varied from 36.43 M.T. to 60.76 tonnes.

131. The overall impact of increase in Area, Productivity, Number of mills and subsequent increase in Crushing Capacity resulted in more than five fold increase in sugar production during the span of First to Tenth Five Year Plan period.

132. Major challenges facing the sugarcane sector in U.P are as under:-

Limited availability of per unit area of water for irrigation.

Depletion of soil fertility.

Increase in the prices of fertilizer germicide and pesticide chemical.

Price escalation of petroleum products.

Limited availability of farm labor.

Reduction in cane area due to price increase of other competitive crops.

Besides manufacturing of sugar, diversion of cane crop is likely towards other by products like ethanol etc.

Improvement in lasting production Technology of sugar cane.

[ 52 ]

133. In the changed scenario efforts are to be made to obtain maximum out put per unit of area, irrigation water and other inputs. It is expected that there will be increase in cane productivity and sugar recovery in the state during Eleventh Five Year Plan. Diversion of sugar cane towards gur and khandsaree will be minimized.

Issues & Strategy

134. Major issues confronting this sector in Uttar Pradesh are as under:-

To raise the crushing capacity of sugar mills from 7.09 lakh T.C.D. to 7.25 lakh T.C.D.

To make efforts in increasing the productivity of sugar cane instead of allowing the sugar cane area to expand is the target. For this the programs relating to the development of high yielding varieties of sugar cane and modern scientific techniques of sugar cane cultivation would have to be given importance. Arrangement for agricultural inputs for giving effect to increase in sugar cane production will be beneficial. The productivity level is proposed to be raised from almost 56.3 Tons in 2006-07 to 62.00 tons in 2008-09.

Giving priority to sugar cane research programs to cater to the need of total seed required for seed replacement program. It is proposed that 20 % plant cane area by improved seeds will be replaced every year. Total plant cane area will be replaced in five years. To meet this target a rolling plan of nucleus seed required will be prepared.

Development of area specific sugar cane verities which are high yielding and rich in sugar.

Development of sugarcane development of action plan for each sugar mill. Intensive cane developmental programs will be carried out with the help of sugar mills in their respective zones.

Optimized use of scarce irrigation water and productivity.

Reallocation of sugar mills zone areas and providing stability to such reallocated zones will be made.

A sizable chunk of sugar cane is diverted towards gur and khandsary. To minimize its diversion drawl percentage is proposed to be raised from 45.15 % to 55.00%. This will enable the growers to get maximum price of the maximum quantity produce.

By strengthening cane union and making them more useful to the grower and also streamlining the activities of cane development council, a sound institutional base will be prepared to impart knowledge input along with physical purchased inputs.

Promote for mechanization to save labour costs.

By introducing integrated pest management including biological method and by introducing integrated nutrient management effort will be made to obtain state average of 65 tones as envisaged at the terminal year of the plan.

Ratoon management is very much neglected in central eastern U.P.. Management of second and third ratoon will get special attention in Eleventh Five Year Plan period.

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Heat therapy will be popularized amongst the growers to eradicate the menace of grassy shout and other disease.

Targets for the Year 2008-09

135. The proposal is to keep the target for cane area at lowest possible level i.e. the addition in area be minimum and the cane requirement of the sugar factories be met by increasing the yield per hectare and stepping up the per hectare supplies to the sugar factories .

S.N.

Particulars Unit Year2006-07

Year2007-08

Year2008-09

Terminal Year of 11th Five Year Plan (2011-12)

1 2 3 4 5 6 71 Cane area Lac. Ha. 26.61 28.30 27.00 27.002 Average yield Ton/ Ha. 60.00 60.60 61.00 65.003 Total sugar cane

productionLac. Ton 1590.60 1715.25 1647.00 1755.00

4 Drawl % % 48.00 55 55.00 55.005 Total cane crushed Lac. Ton 763.49 880 880.00 965.256 No. of sugar

factoriesNo. 133 134 134 145

7 Crushing capacity Lac.Ton.T.C.D

6.10 7.19 7.25 6.75

8 Sugar recovery % 9.65 10.30 10.30 10.009 Total sugar

productionLac.Ton 73.00 119.62 119.62 96.52

(A) Intensive Cane Development Programme

Improved seed production programme

Soil and Seed treatment

Ratoon management

(B) Construction of link roads on contributory basis

136. Cane production and productivity of the year 2006-07 was higher in comparison to production and productivity of the year 2005-06. This was due to varietal improvement programme launched by cane department for the last several years. Raising of cane seed nurseries and demonstrations on farmers field was a key factor in varietal improvement programme. This trend is likely to continue in the year 2007-08

[ 54 ]

too. There is still scope for raising the productivity, production and infrastructure development in the state in the light of the establishment of new sugar mills and enhancements in crushing capacity of the existing sugar mills.

Animal Husbandry

137. Uttar Pradesh has a livestock population of 585.31 lakh excluding poultry as per 2003 Animal

census. The cow population stands at 185.51 lakh which comprises of 16.34 lakh crossbred and 169.17

lakh of indigenous variety. Likewise, the State has 229.14 lakh buffaloes.Sheep population stands at just

14.37 lakh although its wool constitutes the most important raw material for the large carpet industry in the

State and its population is showing a declining trend. Similarly, the goat population is just 129.41 lakh

although it is called the poor man’s cow. Then, there are only 22.84 lakh pigs – the most proliferate, low

input and high output animal and its population is also decreasing over the years. Poultry population is also

meagre at just 117.18 lakh although the State is a major consumer of poultry products. Further virtually nil

growth has been recorded in poultry population in the State. Out of 414.65 lakh cattle & buffalos in the

State, there are only about 173.82 lakh breedable animals. Out of 173.82 lakh breedable cows and

buffaloes, only 117.81 lakh (68 percent) are in milk production.

138. There is an overall decrease of 7.3 per cent in total cattle population during the inter-censal period.

In the present era of mechanization, mechanical & electrical power sources have largely replaced the work

animals for farm operations like

pumping and lifting of water and

haulage. Almost all operations have

switched over to electrical and

mechanical power including ploughing.

Decline of dependence on bullock

power has resulted in decline of male

cattle population - from 105.42 lakh in

1998 to 86.66 lakh in 2003. Working

male bullock population dropped to

52.73 lakh in 2003 in comparison to

65.09 lakh in 1998. The State

Government is vigorously implementing

the new National Breeding Policy and

State Breeding Policy since 2001 under

which the level of exotic inheritance in crossbred animals has been fixed at 50 per cent and great emphasis

Livestock Population (000)

 

per cent Increase

Category 1997 2003 Decrease

Crossbred cattle 2105 1634 -22.38

Indigenous cattle 17911 16917 -5.55

Total cattle 20016 18551 -7.32

Buffaloes 18996 22914 20.63

Total Bovines 39012 41465 6.29

Sheep 1905 1437 -24.57

Goats 11784 12941 9.82

Pigs 3135 2284 -27.15

Camels 31 16 -48.39

Others 545 388 -28.81

Total Livestock 56412 58531 3.76

[ 55 ]

Uttar Pradesh stands 1st in milk production, 5th in wool production,

7th in egg production and 1st in meat production in the country.

is being placed on improvement and conservation of indigenous breeds of livestock. This has led to decline

in crossbred cattle population in the State.

139. Total poultry population in the state is about 11.71 million; fowl population has decreased by

around 3.5per cent the total poultry by 3.3per cent in the State. Ducks and other birds have shown an

increase of 2.5per cent during the period - over 60 per cent of them indigenous fowls in the backyards of

rural households. Poultry production in Uttar Pradesh consists of two distinctly different streams: the

organized poultry industry made up of exclusively of commercial hybrid birds and the backyard system

with indigenous fowl in the rural areas. Organized poultry industry in UP is stagnant and over half the

eggs and poultry meat consumed in the state is imported from States as far away as Andhra Pradesh and

some from neighboring Punjab and Haryana. While the state’s neighbors in Punjab and Haryana have an

extremely successful and flourishing poultry industry and account for nearly 40 per cent of the substantial

table egg and broiler import into the State, UP itself has lagged far behind in organized egg / broiler

production. Interstate comparision of Milk, Egg, Wool and Meat Production is given in Annexure-1,2,3,4.

Status & Achievement during Tenth Plan

140. U.P. is at the top in milk production in the country by

producing 173.56 lakh MT, seventh in egg production (9227.87

million), fifth in wool production (14.59 lakh Kg.) and first in meat

production (1983.592 lakh Kg) during 2005-06 even though the

increase in total production has not been sufficient to fulfill the

ever-growing demand of the respective commodities. The low productivity of our animals continues to

remain the main concern. The State is far behind in productivity levels of livestock in comparison to other

states of the country. Hence there is a need to tap the vast potential of our livestock and poultry through

genetic improvement, adequate feeding, appropriate management and better health coverage. Value

addition, through processing of the products and support to marketing infrastructure may provide impetus

to the livestock sector in a big way.

141. During the last two decades, milk production has doubled, meat production has increased three

folds, egg production by two and a half times, and wool production by about 50 percent. Cows contribute

28 per cent, buffaloes 66 per cent and goats around 6per cent of the milk produced. National milk

production increased by 4.5 per cent per annum compared to 5.11 per cent p.a. in U.P. The per capita

availability of milk is presently about 286 grams per day.

[ 56 ]

Production Estimates of Different Livestock ProductsItem Unit Achievement

in 9th PlanAchievement in 10th Plan

Achievement in 11th plan

1 2 3 4 5 6 72001-02 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09

Achievement Achievement Target Ant. Ach.

Target

1 Milk Lakh MT

145.58 180.946 199.04 199.04 218.94

2 Egg Million Nos.

758.334 813.51 894.86 894.86 984.35

3 Wool Lakh Kg.

18.46 14.61 16.07 16.07 17.68

Programme Ach. Level

IX PlanAch. Level X Plan

Target 2007-08

Ach. 2007-08Anticipated

Target 2008-09

Vaccination(In lakh)

217.09 345.19 627.79 627.79 659.17

Artificial Insemination(In lakh)

17.03 23.76 27.00 27.00 28.35

Castration (In lakh)

7.03 7.19 09.22 09.22 09.68

Treatment(In Lakh)

172.86 194.30 194.36 194.36 204.08

Formation of S.J.Y.S. Groups (In Nos.)

7106 5498 6000 6000 6300

142. Milk Production is the main component of productivity in Animal Husbandry sector. 145.58 lakh M.T. milk was produced at the end of IX th Plan with the growth rate of 4.5per cent. In the first year of X th

Plan i.e. 2002-03, 5.03 per cent growth rate was achieved. In the fourth year of the Tenth Plan period i.e. 2005-06 the growth rate of 5.11per cent was registered in milk production. The growth rate in milk production in fifth year of Tenth Plan period has been recorded on 5.60 per cent. Similar trends are observed in egg and wool production.

[ 57 ]

Production of main Livestock Product

143. The livestock of the state contributed to State’s economy by producing 180.946 lakh m.t. milk, 8135.1 lakh eggs, 14.61 lakh kg wool and 2002.31 lakh kg meat in 2006-07. Uttar Pradesh is the largest milk producing state in the country since last many years.

A. Milk Production

Category / Animal Total milk production lakh Kg.(2006-2007)

Percentage Contribution

Buffalo 124.139 68.61Cow 46.276 25.57Goat 10.531 05.82Total 180.946 100.00

144. Per capita availability of milk in U.P. is 290 gm while the national average is 245 gm./day against the minimum requirement of 280 gram per day per capita as recommended by ICMR.

B. Meat Production

145. The state also plays a vital role in meat production in the country. Uttar Pradesh is the largest meat exporter in the country with the export of Rs.200 crore’s. Meat production status of U.P. is as under:

Category /Animal

Av. meat production ( in Kg.)

Total meat production (in lakh Kg.) (2006-2007)

percent contribution

Buffalo 120.759 1475.577 73.69Goat 16.133 327.921 16.38Sheep 16.554 52.620 02.63Pig 44.507 146.191 07.30Total 2002.309 100.00

Infrastructure & Institutions

146. To cater to the demand of animal health services and other services, there are presently 1788 veterinary hospitals, 268 "D" class dispensaries and 2290 stockmen centers in the State. Three polyclinics, 26 mobile veterinary clinics are also functioning in U.P. One Biological Production Institute, which produces 12 different types of vaccines, one central disease diagnostic lab, 10 regional diagnostic labs have also been set up. In addition, two pullorum disease diagnostic labs, one T.B., Johnin & Brucellosis T.B. lab, one swine disease diagnostic lab, one epidemiological cell at H.Q., nine sterility & infertility control units and ten canine rabies control units are also functioning in the State. There are also six deep frozen semen production stations, 17 liquid nitrogen production centres, 3079 artificial insemination centres and

[ 58 ]

10 State livestock cum agriculture farms in the State. One Bhadawari buffalo-breeding farm, five sheep breeding farms, six Goat breeding & seven pig breeding farms, five poultry hatcheries are being run by the State. One poultry training centre, one pig husbandry training centre, two livestock extension officer-training centres, one carcass utilization & leather training cum production centre are also operational.

147. At present, there is one veterinary hospital for 20,000 animals in the state while the norm is one for 5000 animals. In order to bridge this gap, State Government has introduced privatization of livestock services through deployment of 1582 paravets in the State (1252 under DASP, 330 by UPLDB). The paravets are providing artificial insemination, prophylactic vaccination, first aid, castration, feed & fodder seed distribution and technology dissemination services at farmer’s door step on full cost recovery basis.

Fertility

148. Artificial Insemination coverage is not sufficient as it covers just 27 per cent of breed able animals. For optimization of input supply of improved breeding facilities and intensification of quality breeding services, U.P. Livestock Development Board has been established. The UPLDB is streamlining all the components of improved breeding coverage in the state. A rising trend in infertility in breedable cattle population has been observed in recent times. About 36per cent breedable cows & buffalo are infertile in the state. The State Government and U.P. Livestock Development Board have taken up a sterility and infertility control programme.

Availability of Fodder

149. The state is having negligible pasture facilities, and inadequate green fodder and concentrate feed availability. Only about 4 per cent of agricultural land is under fodder crop production. Fodder requirement & production status is as follows:-

(Lakh tonnes)Particulars Requirement Availability Deficit per cent

DeficitGreen Fodder 933.06 617.62 315.44 33.80Dry Fodder 571.19 548.60 22.59 03.95Compounded Feed 120.85 63.25 57.60 47.66

Sheep & Goat rearing

150. Wool production has stagnated and sheep population has decreased by 24.57 per cent due to inadequate grazing facilities due to shrinkage of pasture land. Goat population is facing the same constraints. U.P. is fortunate enough to have ‘Barbari’ goat, a dual-purpose breed, which can be reared on, stall-fed basis. ‘Jamunapari’ is the famous goat breed of the State with high milk yield. People are coming forward to adopt Animal Husbandry as an employment oriented sector. Establishment of goat units, sheep

[ 59 ]

units, piggery units and other Animal Husbandry programmes including establishment of poultry units have been recognized as programmes with tremendous employment generation potential.

Piggery

151. Piggery production is being done mostly by traditional Pig raisers at subsistence level. There is a need to enhance entrepreneurship in pig husbandry. Presently progressive farmers are also coming forward to adopt piggery farming as commercial venture on scientific lines.

Poultry

152. The poultry production scenario has shown signs of change. Poultry farmers are shifting to broiler production instead of egg production as they want quick return on investments. Per capita egg production per annum in Uttar Pradesh is only 7 while per capita egg consumption per annum is 18. Likewise, the present per capita broiler production per annum is 100 grams while consumption is three times higher at 300 grams per capita per annum. The shortfall is being met through imports from other States like Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana. The state is importing about 1 crore eggs per day from other States. If ICMR recommendation of 182 eggs per capita per annum and 10000 gm meat per capita per annum are to be met, tremendous efforts are required to increase production to meet the growing demand.

Veterinary Education

153. Uttar Pradesh has one veterinary science and Animal Husbandry University at Mathura and one veterinary college at Faizabad. These Institutes impart higher education and undertake research in the field of veterinary science and animal husbandry. Apart from these educational institutes, several Central Institutions like IVRI, Izzatanagar, CIRG, Farah, Makhdoom and IGFRI, Jhansi are located in the State.

Major Challenges

154. Major challenges in this sector are as under:

Low productivity of livestock.

Emergence of new diseases.

Inadequate availability of feed and fodder

Low coverage of animal health services.

Lack of sufficient breeding coverage.

Unavailability of quality bulls.

Large number of non- descript animals.

Poor livestock extension.

Absence of disease surveillance & diagnostic network.

No specialized cadre in the department.

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Innovative Measures

Strengthening of Research & Education

Breed improvement and reduction in infertility problems

Disease control and adequate health coverage

Expansion and strengthening of Veterinary services

Promotion of Backyard poultry

Involvement of Private sector in Veterinary health services

Annual Plan 2008-09

Animal Health Care and Veterinary Services

155. Impressive progress can be achieved by setting up of milk production units through improving genetic material of our low yielding dairy cattle. The diseases scenario which was limited to only contagious diseases, parasitic diseases and other digestive disturbances has changed very much. Production stress, Metabolic and hormonal disorders and diseases like Mastitis, Foot & Mouth which cause enormous production loss have assumed immense significance now. As such it is necessary to plan new strategies for combating these problems to avert production loss to the farmers, who have taken up dairy as an income earning activity.

156. Better health of livestock is mandatory for higher livestock production. Naturally prevention is always better than cure. The department of Animal Husbandry comes on it self the important responsibility for control/containment of diseases. Resources have to be generated to procure all kinds of facilities for effective and timely immunization of the livestock wealth of the state. It is also essential to have good and advanced diagnostic facilities, expertise service centers, and proper epidemiological status of the important diseases. The animal health and veterinary services have to be given greater emphasis during 2008-09 the details of the important programmes are as follows:-

Assistance to State for Control of Animal Diseases

157. It is a centrally sponsored scheme being run with 75% assistance of GOI. In this scheme three important components are being dealt, with the first one is intensive immunization against diseases. Under this component, vaccination of sheep and goat to eradicate the fatal disease PPR has been taken up and intensive mass vaccination is being conducted to protect the life of sheep and goat in 19 districts of our state. 20 districts have been taken up for 100% vaccination of livestock against HS disease; likewise 25 districts have been taken up for 100% vaccination of livestock against FMD, besides 3 districts Gorakhpur, Azamgarh and Varanasi have been taken up for poultry vaccination against RD & FP diseases. In the second component the surveillance of diseases for their control and monitoring is being done under epidemiology & surveillance programme being conducted throughout the state. In the third component various training programme of technical staff and livestock farmers are being taken up.

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Rinderpest Eradication Programe

158. This is an old scheme with 100% central assistance. The scheme will include continuous sero-surveillance and village searches, maintenance of vaccine banks and keeping effective machinery in position along with a contingency plan for control and eradication of the diseases in case of reappearance in any of the area. Therefore, though the State has already been declared free of this deadly disease, constant visit has to be maintained as per the guidelines of Government of India.

Foot and Mouth Disease Control Programme

159. This is a continued scheme with 100% central assistance being run in 16 districts of western Uttar Pradesh viz- Saharanpur Muzaffar Nagar, Bagpat, Meerut, Gaziabad , Gautambudh Nagar, Bulandshahar, Aligargh, Hathras, Mathura, Agra, Firozabad, Eta, Badaun, Moradabad and JP Nagar.

160. Objectives of this scheme are given below:-

To maintain livestock health through intensive vaccination (up to 100%) in order to prevent the occurrence of F.M.D. disease, which will reduce the economic losses of milk production & reproductive failures.

To ensure production of quality & safe livestock products.

To promote entrepreneurship in Export of meat and meat products.

To create general awareness of the disease ensuring participation in disease reporting system.

To study the impact of vaccination, assessment of field immunity and endemic pattern of such diseases.

161. There has been a good result because no FMD incidence has been reported in the area. The health status has improved resulting in the marked increase in livestock productivity in the said districts.

Cattle & Buffalo Development

162. The State has only 27% breeding coverage of the cattle and buffalo population. Although the state has 3229 AI centers 6 Deep Frozen Semen production centers, 17 LN-2 plants for catering to improved breeding services, yet this infrastructure is not enough for the larger breedable population (170 Lakh) of the state. It is proposed to increase the present breeding coverage to 50%. To achieve the goal -

Deep-frozen semen production of GLP/GMP standards will be streamlined in collaboration with autonomous organizations.

More A. I. centers will be established.

Private A.I. worker will be deployed for delivery of A.I. services at farmer’s doorstep on self-employment, basis.

State A.I. centers will be made mobile for delivery of A.I. services at farmers doorstep

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To cope up with the rising demand to quality bull. A- Sire evaluation program will be launched. B- Quality bull production will be started at Govt. bull mother farms and private entrepreneurs will be encouraged to establish Bull Mother Farms.

Formation of breeder association will be encouraged.

Herd registration of elite animals will be carried out in an intensive manner.

It is proposed to provide subsidy on production of elite animals of high production capacity.

Infrastructure for supplying AI inputs, such as deep frozen semen straws & liquid nitrogen will be streamlined with the help of U.P. Livestock Development Board.

Castration of scrub bulls will be a part of the programme to prevent indiscriminate breeding. Campaign for castration of scrub bulls will be launched. Awareness programme will also be taken up in this regard.

In remote areas, quality bulls will be made available for natural service.

Local farmers will be motivated to establish natural breeding centres. Farmers will maintain and manage quality bulls and charge fee for services rendered to other livestock owners.

Establishment of Para-vets

163. To provide coverage as per the guidance of National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Development, i.e. One A.I. Center per 1000 breedable bovines (Atleast One Center Per Nyay Panchayat Level should be made available; since there are 8135 Nyay Panchayats in the State and at present we have only 5496 A.I.Centers i.e. there is a deficit of 2639 A.I. Centers at Nyay Panchayat Level) 11500 new A.I. Centers will be required to get be established in XI Plan. For this 8300 paravets will be trained and will be deployed in the State through Animal Husbandry Department the remaining 200 A.I. Centers will be created at the 200 New Hospitals being established this year (2006-07). Besides this 3000 Paravets will be established by UPLDB, after which the required A.I. workers will be available.

164. Under this programme 8300 new paravets will be trained through NGO, PCDF training centres and also at the Veterinary Colleges of the state. The Infrastructure will be provided from Govt. resources for establishing them in remote areas of villages to make available door step services of AI, vaccination and castration for the live stock. This will also generate self-employment for the rural youths. They will be deployed in their own villages for rendering the services of AI timely to the livestock owners at their doorstep. On the one hand this will increase the interest of the farmers in animal husbandry and lead to self-employment of the rural unemployed youths. These paravets are rendering services of vaccination, castration and fodder development under the supervision of qualified veterinarians of that area. Out of these 8300 paravets 2800 parvets will be from Schedule Castes i.e. under Special Component Plan and the rest 5500 paravets will be from other Casts.

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Goat Development

Integrated Goat Development through Public/Co-operative/Breeder's Society/N.G.O

165. The goat is called the cow of the poor and is also called foster mother child. It shows the importance of Goat, which adapts to any climate and provides us, wholesome and nutritious milk. Goat rearing can be a good source of income too. Under self-employment schemes, small goat units (one buck +ten does) are being provided to a family. During 2008-09 a proposal has been made to organize the goat breeders in to societies for their proper observance and planned aid. It has been targeted to establish 400 goat-breeding societies, each society with about 50 members. The society members will bw given ten days training and then assisted for their financial requirements. In turn, all the societies will run like autonomous units.

166. A Similar scheme has been introduced for others like in the case of Scheduled Castes, 400 Goat Breeding Co-operative Societies in various districts will be formed. The quality bucks & goats will be procured from Central Institute of Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura and other Govt. Goat Breeding Farms.

Strengthening and Expansion of Goat Breeding Facilities and Health Cover (D.S.)

167. It is a continued scheme of Distt. Sector. It will be continued to help the poor and small livestock

farmers for providing the natural service of breeding to goats through Bucks available at Hospitals. The

breeding services imparted include provision of bucks at 1023 V.H. & also bucks in fields on contribution

basis among local breeders. These Barbari and Jamunapari bucks are either produced at the six goat farms

(A.H.D.) or procured from fields through purchase.

Sheep and Wool Development

168. To improve the wool production of the state, comprehensive health cover has to be provided to the

sheep population. For this Mass Drenching Programme will be strengthened along with the vaccination of

sheep. The health of sheep will definitely improve wool production. Provision of pasture i.e. grazing

facilities will also help in the enhancement of wool production. It is estimated that by this approximately

2.90% growth rate will be obtained in this sector. 20% of the sheep population will be covered under

improved breeding, mass drenching and vaccination with the improvement in grazing facilities. This will

further improve productivity by 20% of the 3.50 Lakh sheep population to be covered. This will enhance

the wool production to 0.560 Lakh Kg wool/ annum.

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Pig Development

Intgerated Pig Development through Public /Co-operative / Breeder's Society / N.G.O

169. The traditional pig raisers rear them in conventional ways, but introduction of Middle White/Large White Yorkshire breeds make them aware of there qualities and now are more innovative to cross their native stock to grade them up. These prolific nature has attracted other classes of people to raise them on scientific lines even in urban/semi-urban areas. To ensure people's participation, under self-employment programme, unit of 1 boar + 6 pigs is being provided for a breeder. During Tenth Five Year Plan to assist the pig breeders a scheme has been started to organize them in the form of societies for their proper observance, training and planned aid. It has been targeted to establish 200 such societies, each with 10 members during 2008-09. The society members are being given adequate training and are being assisted for their financial requirements. In turn, all societies will join and work as autonomous units.

Fodder Development

170. U.P. has the largest human population and livestock population. Either of the two requires food from its land resources that’s why there is a great pressure to increase the yield of sufficient food for both. Green revolution, in agriculture, has made the farmers satisfied with their agriculture; consequently, the land under fodder crops got reduced to a significant level. It is now evident that the livestock population now faces a deficit of 33.80% green fodder, 3.95% dry fodder and 47.27% concentrates (as per 2003 livestock census). The farmers of the State, who used to rear livestock to add to their income, in such a scenario of commercialization and globalization of market trends, find it difficult to nourish their livestock adequately. The steps taken by A.H.D. through feed and fodder development schemes, since IVth five year plan period, are limited to distribution of improved/certified fodder seeds, demonstrations of minikit packages and feeding of enriched straws/ cellulosic wastes, are not sufficient to assist them in this regard, because without appropriate nutrition it is not possible to maintain the livestock and get production as per their potential. Therefore to increase the growth rate i.e. to increase the livestock production, the fodder production has to be increased to provide sufficient nutrition for livestock.

171. For intensive fodder development schemes have to be incorporated with a view to achieving targeted growth of 10% per annum:-

Poultry Development

172. U.P. holds at 9th place in poultry production. The present level envisages potential for increase in production and productivity. Though the requirement of poultry egg and meat is continuously increasing in the state, the poultry husbandry has not yet been able to provide the minimum required quantities as per I.C.M.R. recommendations i.e. 182 eggs and 10.82 kilograms chicken meat per head per annum. The state is in need of more economical poultry units particularly in private sector.

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173. Although the state has declared poultry as Agri- business, farms having below or more then 10000 birds come under agriculture. But the farmers are actually not getting any agricultural benefits. Availability of facilities, according to agriculture norms is not available to poultry farmers of the state. UP has lagged far behind in organized egg / broiler production. The state is getting about 100 Lakh eggs & one Lakh broiler per day from Andhra Pradesh and other neighbouring states. Thus, we are loosing Rs. 3500 Million every year to other states. So GOUP will Promote Private sector for establishing organized poultry industry in the state.

Assistance to State Poultry/Duck Farms ( 80% C.S.)

174. Because of limited financial resources and low productivity of the poultry farms, mainly due to excessive overhead expenses, 13 out of 18 poultry farms have been closed during IX plan, but the remaining 5 farms, at Chakganjaria (Lucknow), Babugarh (Gaziabad), Chandpur (Varanasi), Bharari (Jhansi) and Bhogipura (Bareilly) have been given the responsibility of producing sufficient number of chicks for distribution to rural masses in backyard poultry keeping units. The assets created during IX Five Year Plan need to be strengthened and expanded to improvise and support the poultry breeders. With 80% Central Assistance, a Quail farm is being established at Chakganjaria, Lucknow and the poultry farms of Varanasi, Jaunpur, Jhansi, Bareilly, Mirzapur, Cakganjaria (Lucknow) and Etawah are also being strengthened. Earlier a duck farm was established at Gorakhpur and a poultry farm of Babugarh (Ghaziabad) was strengthened through which chicks and ducklings are being provided to the rural poultry breeders. This has further developed interest in poultry keeping in rural areas.

Protection Of Livestock Through Insurance Coverage

175. National Commission on Agriculture recommended livestock insurance as inputs to promote investment in high quality animals. It was introduced in 1947 through four subsidiaries of the public sector insurance company. The insurance cover is available for all livestock and poultry.

176. Inspite of several constraints livestock insurance has become one of the most power full instruments for mitigating economic losses in the livestock sector. But there is no animal insurance cover from the state like crop insurance, which can give relief to framers from the casuality of animals due to natural calamities such as flood, drought and epidemic out breaks. Insurance cover is proposed to be provided to livestock on the same pattern as crop insurance. The insurance cover all livestock will be accelerated in consultation with general insurance authorities. Farmers will be made aware of livestock insurance and their benefits through mass and electronic media.

Modernisation of Slaughter houses and establishment of Carcass Utilisation units for production of Hygienic Meat

177. The meat production in the state is being done in on unorganized manner. The meat animals are slaughtered either in the slaughterhouses, managed generally by local bodies, or in open fields. All slaughtering activities are centered towards production of HOT-MEAT. It is observed that such slaughters are carried out in unhygienic conditions and by untrained personals. Such meat is neither wholesome nor

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fit for human consumption, and so it lowers the foreign exchange, value of such meat which in turn, affects national income. It is therefore necessary to organize the meat production in the state on International Standards, to ensure availability of good quality raw material and to maintain the balance between slaughtering activity and animal production. For this purpose, control on slaughters, establishment of slaughterhouses on modern lines, observing zoo-sanitary measures, strict surveillance of diseases in slaughter-house areas and ensuring adequate ante-mortem/post -mortem inspections are required.

Assistance to Pt. Deen Dayal University of Veterinary Science & Go-anusandhan Sansathan, Mathura

178. Government of Uttar Pradesh has declared the College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mathura as State University in the name of Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya University of Veterinary Science & Go-anusandhan Sansathan, Mathura. Keeping in view the requirement of trained and competent man power in different branches of Veterinary and Animal Sciences and other allied fields and also to give a boost to need based research on different aspects of live stock production, the different faculties of the University will be strengthened.

Dairy Development

179. The main thrust in the area of dairy development is to supplement the income of small and

marginal farmers and landless laborers to bring about socio-economic transformation of the rural people

through strengthening of cooperative structure and promoting private investment in Dairy sector. U.P. is

the largest milk producing the state accounts for state in the country with an annual milk production of

11.7 million MT around 16% of the milk production of the country. Uttar Pradesh State Cooperative Milk

Producers Federation at the state level, Milk unions at the district level and milk producers cooperative

societies at the village level carry out milk procurement and marketing activities in the State. The milk

procured of PCDF/Cooperative is marketed as liquid milk in Lucknow and the district towns. Butter Ghee,

Skimmed milk powder and other products are produced and marketed under the brand name PARAG.

180. It is proposed to further strengthen the existing dairy cooperative societies and to organize new

societies to ensure timely supply of required inputs to the producers. For raising the income of farmers, it

is essential to provide them remunerative prices by eliminating the middlemen. The value addition in this

sector would also require capacity building in milk processing and storing for its subsequent marketing in

the rural areas at remunerative price.

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Status of Dairy Development in Uttar Pradesh

(Year 2005-06)

StateNo. of

FunctionalSocieties

Avg. Milk Proc( lac Kgs/day)

Avg. Milk Sale/ Day(In lac ltr./Day)

Gujrat 10735 64.41 23.53Karnataka 8843 29.61 17.11

Maharashtra 12572 2 8.01 16.05

Rajasthan 10394 15.57 10.14

Uttar Pradesh 14759 9.06 8.47Punjab 5256 7.14 5.26

Haryana 4338 4.05 2.78

Source: National Dairy Development Board

Success StoriesImpact of AMCU: - Lucknow Milk Union (Total Number Installed - 59) Its installation has led to a significant increase of around 35.70 % in Milk procurement over the last year. Similarly there has been an increase in the percentage of Pourer Members that has shot up by 25 %. Average FAT % & SNF 1% have gone up by 2.25 % & 2 % respectively. This signals a change in the mind-set of the village based rural milk producers and his/ her perception of the benefits that technology can bring about.Impact of BMC: - Barabanki Milk Union Almost similar trends have been noticed in the Barabanki Milk Union. A three-year comparative study starting 2005-06 & ending 2007-08 (Up to Ist Week of September) reveals that milk procurement has gone up by 18.82% for the year 2006-07 as compared to 2005-06. Further there has been an increase of 8.03% for the year 2007-08 as against last year i.e. 2006-07. Similar is the trend for FAT & SNF percentages, as they have gone up. FAT % has gone up by 0.95 % & 1.8 % for the two successive years. SNF % has gone up by 0.96 % for the year 2007-08 as compared to last year. It has also drastically improved the Quality of Milk as MBR Times recorded before & after the installation of BMC reveal that it has gone up from 35 Minutes to 45 Minutes, at the Dairy Dock. It has also gone up OFF the Producer and currently reads 463 Minutes as against 330 Minutes previously. An indication towards remarkable improvement in the Quality of Milk & thereby the perceptional change in the Market Place- That Quality of "Parag" brand Milk & Products has certainly improved over the years. Good Quality would certainly mean remunerative prices for the rural milk producer & betterment of his/ her economic status. more quality milk for the co-operatives/ bettering the turnover & the overall financial status of the milk unions.

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Progress and Achievement during Tenth Five Year Plan

181. The following table provides physical progress during Tenth Plan:- S.N.  

Particulars(Years of Operation)

FunctionalSocieties(In ‘000)

Membership(In ‘000)

Milk Procurement(Av.Thousand

Kg/day)

Milk Sale(Av. Thousand

Ltr./day)    Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101 2002-03 13.65 12.86 767.15 665.43 746.36 732.15 468.30 440.852 2003-04 14.09 14.37 780.53 731.43 803.38 893.54 484.69 469.773 2004-05 14.54 13.89 794.03 693.04 558.08 926.04 504.08 467.284 2005-06 14.99 15.68 807.00 757.76 914.00 1064.65 526.00 460.325 2006-07 15.44 15.06 821.03 755.70 972.00 1044.00 553.00 504.00

182. The above table shows that the number of village level milk producers who have associated themselves with the cooperative net work increased from 665.43 thousand to 755.70 thousand during Tenth Plan (2002-07). Against this, the average milk procurement increased from 732.15 thousand kg./day to 1044.00 thousand kg/day during the same period.

Past trend in Public sector Investment

183. A wide range of activities are financed from the plan outlay and the state has large freedom and choice in the use of the same. It also works as a catalyst for attracting private investment in the sector. The Plan outlay in the Dairy Development Sector since First Five Year plan is given in the following table.

Outlay/ Expenditure in Dairy Development Sector over Plan period in Uttar Pradesh

(Rs. In lakh) Plan Expenditure in

Agriculture & Allied Sector

Expenditure in Dairy Development Sector

Percentage Expenditure in Dairy Development Sector

with reference to Agriculture & Allied Sector

First Plan 3787 19 0.50Second Plan 6742 21 0.31Third Plan 15608 385 2.47Fourth Plan 22066 508 2.30Fifth Plan 39310 557 1.42Sixth Plan 36081 2822 7.82Seventh Plan 100663 3139 3.12Eighth Plan 198963 12041 6.05Ninth Plan 272449 1748 0.64Tenth Plan 425126 5565 1.31

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184. The above table does not indicate any trend in the expenditure of Dairy sector. But it certainly shows that it was maximum in the Sixth Plan (7.82%) which reduced to 2.01% in the Tenth Plan.

Monitorable Targets

P.C.D.F. coverage of milk cooperative societies will be raised from 15% to 33% villages.

Functional societies will be raised from 15063 to 35014.

Average milk procurement of 10.44 lakh kg per day will be increased to 24.23 lakh kg per day.

Physical and Financial Target for the Year 2007- 08 Physical Target

Particulars Target Anticipated Achievement

Functional Societies 19122 13590Membership (Lacs) 9.735 7.48Avg. Milk Procurement (Lacs Kg/ Day) 12.830 8.36Avg. Liquid Milk Sale (Lacs Ltr./ Day.) 10.800 8.56

Annual Plan 2008-09

Automatic Milk Collection Units

185. Over a period of time, the milk producers’ faith & trust in cooperative society structure has started eroding due to lack of transparency and objectivity in milk pricing and payment. To overcome this and restore the faith in the system, automation and mechanization of procurement system is being taken up in a vast scale during the XI th Plan. In the Ist Year itself 1920 VDCs’ are being provided with AMCUs. Wherever this AMCU has functioned, it has tremendous results in the form of milk procurement, restoration of producers faith, loyalty of membership. During 2008-09 2840 VDCs’ will be provided with AMCU’s 90% cost of AMCU will be provided as grant while 10% will be borne by societies/milk unions.

Bulk Milk Coolers

186. It is the machine that is used for instantaneous chilling of milk at the society level. Milk Procured via milk routes is taken to the machine & is chilled there. With the help of this Electronic Refrigeration Unit, milk gets chilled instantly so as to avoid development of bacteria & as a result. It increases the shelf life of milk. Thus when milk is transported to the dairy dock/ other milk union, its quality remains excellent even at the end point. This would result in excellent quality end Products that would ensure a definite market for "Parag" brand products and also reduce losses. The 100% cost of BMC will be as grant to be provided by the state govt.

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Encouragement to Private investment

187. Since de-licensing of Dairy Industries sizable private investment has taken place in the state in this sector but regional distribution of the same has been varying, in the western part of the state specially NCR, some districts got excess infrastructural capacity resulting in unhealthy trade practices and cut throat out competition, artificially creating shortage of raw milk supply to various units and quality deterioration. At the same time there is almost non existence of processing infrastructure in Bundelkhand and Eastern part of the State. The new industrial policy of the state as well as food processing policy provide for specific concession and relief for new dairy plant as well as for diversification of existing plant. As a result of state initiatives 55 dairy plants have come up during the Xth plan period involving investment of Rs. 110 Crores. The proposed Ambedkar Dugdha Swarojgar Yojna has also promoted institutional credit to the tune of Rs. 475.73 Crores in a period of four years.The proposal for formulation of suitable scheme for promotion of commercial dairy farming for consideration of State Government is being prepared. 20% of the AMCU and BMC proposed to be installed during the plan period will be provided to progressive commercial dairy farmers and small entrepreneurs on the basis of 50% grant. Similarly, Bulk Vending Machine, Milk Vending Mobile, Parag Parlour/Booths will also be provided on 50% grant.

Cooperation

188. Initially the Cooperative system was oriented only towards supply and provision of credit, Gradually it has diversified its activities to include banking, input distribution, agro-processing, storage, warehousing etc. Supply of agricultural inputs such as chemical fertilizers, high yielding seeds and pesticides was also started by Cooperatives and it proved a great success. Cooperatives have played a vital and commendable role in bringing green revolution in the State. Consumer movement in India through Cooperatives was introduced in the days of great scarcity of essential commodities in the Sixties. Today it also encompasses housing, dairy, handloom, fisheries, cold storage, processing, labour etc. The Cooperative movement aims at serving the rural poor, small and marginal farmers, agricultural labour and artisans.

189. The past few decades have witnessed substantial growth of the Cooperative sector in diverse areas of the economy. 18342 Cooperative societies are presently registered with the Registrar of Cooperative Societies in Uttar Pradesh. These include 7479 Credit Societies, 50 District Cooperative Banks and 10 Apex Cooperatives.

190. There are 7479 Cooperative Societies functioning at Nyaya Panchayat level in the State and they constitute the main point of interface between the farmers and the Cooperative Banks for disbursement of short term agricultural loans, HYV seeds, pesticides, fertilizers, improved agricultural implements etc. There are 50 District Cooperative Bank which have 1353 branches. However, there is virtual stagnation in the functioning of the Cooperative Societies in the State. During 2002-03 they disbursed Rs. 1249.38 crore

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as short term agricultural loan to the farmers and this increased to Rs. 1888.16 crore in 2006-07 while the figures for long term agricultural loans declined from Rs. 716.51 crore in 2002-03 to Rs. 419.73 crore in 2006-07. It is also being seen that the earlier Cooperative sector was meeting 65 to 70 per cent of the agricultural credit needs of formers and rest by the commercial banks. But for some reason or the other, the role has been reversed and presently commercial banks are making available 80 per cent of agricultural credit and only 20 per cent loan is being provided by the Cooperative Banks.

191. Data released by NSSO further reveals that Cooperative Societies which used to play such a key role in disbursement of agricultural credit and other agricultural-inputs do not serve more than 13% of farmer households in Uttar Pradesh. NSSO data reveal that in UP only 20% farmer households have a member in the Cooperative societies and just 13% have availed themselves of services from a Cooperative while at the all India level, about 29% of farmer households are included as members of Cooperative societies and 19% avail services from a Cooperative. Most of these households avail themselves of either credit facilities or services related to seeds or fertilizers. Thus, there is considerable scope for improvement in the Cooperative sector in the State.

Status

192. Cooperatives essentially meet the requirements of short term credit through their three tier credit structure consisting of U.P. Cooperative Bank at state level, 50 District/Central Cooperative Banks with 1353 branches at district level, and 7479 Primary agricultural Cooperative societies (PACS) at Nyay Panchayat level. Similarly long term credit needs are being met by U.P. Sahkari Gram Vikas Bank Ltd. with its 338 branches operating all over the State. Cooperatives on the whole, work effectively as a bridge between private and public sector.

193. One of the major issues concerning the Cooperative sector is the lack of professional management. If the Cooperatives have to compete in a open economic regime, it will have to professionalize the management.

194. Agriculture still continues to be a priority sector in the state economy and 72% of the total population still depends on it for their livelihood. Cooperatives play a vital role in augmenting the rural economy with its 30% contribution in fertilizer distribution, 20% share in short term loan, 60% share in long term loan distribution. Small and marginal farmers constitute about 80% of the Cooperative membership, Thus Cooperatives serve those who are poor and risk prone.

Achievements and Growth

195. Progress of the short term credit and fertilizer distribution dispensed by Cooperative Institutions to the farmers during last few years is shown below:-

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Short term Credit distribution

(Rs. in cr.)S.N. Year Target Achievement Growth

Rate inPercentage

Amount(in cr.)

Amount(in cr.)

Percentage

1 2002-03 1425.00 1249.38 87.78 5.522 2003-04 1475.00 1343.12 91.56 7.503 2004-05 1745.00 1529.98 87.68 13.914 2005-06 1750.00 1627.01 92.97 6.345 2006-07 1800.00 1888.16 104.90 16.056 2007-08 2280.00 2530.80

(Estimated)111.00 34.00

Fertilizer Distribution

(Lac M.T)S.N. Year Target Achievement Growth Rate in

Percentage1 2002-03 22.79 21.86 0.182 2003-04 23.09 23.68 8.323 2004-05 25.80 25.91 9.424 2005-06 28.17 27.49 6.105 2006-07 30.25 29.64 6.006 2007-08 34.86 31.42

Estimated6.00

196. Keeping in view the available resources with Short Term Cooperative Credit Institutions, a target for crop loan distribution of Rs. 2280 cr. had been fixed for 2007-08 against which Rs. 2531 cr. is expected to be disbursed which is Rs. 643 cr. more than that of last year. It is pertinent to mention that 29 DCBs are unable to fulfill the provisions of Sec. 11(1)of B.R. Act 1949 and approximately 64% PACS are running in accumulated losses. As such they are in eligible to get any refinance from NABARD for distribution of Crop loan and also for other developmental programmes. U.P. Cooperative Bank is extending financial assistance to such banks out of its costlier and limited resources in the interest of agriculture development of the state. During Tenth Five Year Plan a proposal was submitted to provide financial assistance for cleansing the balance sheets of District Cooperative Banks and PACS as per the financial position of 31-03-2004, but till 2006-07 no assistance has been provided. On the other hand, Government Of India provided more than Rs. 22000 Cr. to Commercial Banks for cleansing their Balance sheets.

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197. For the revitalization of Cooperative credit structure Government Of India constituted a high power committee under the chairmanship of Prof. A. Vaidyanathan. The main features of the recommendations of the committee are as follows:-

Induction of Professionals in committee of management of Cooperative Banks.

Ensuring due say of regular depositors in the election of committee of management of Banks.

Audit of Cooperative Bank through Charted Accountants.

Ensuring RBI’s say in the functioning of Cooperative credit societies.

Special Financial package to Agricultural Credit Institutions against their losses assured through special Audit.

198. Keeping in view the financial position of the Cooperative Banks of the State and the progress made by them in the preceding year in crop loan disbursement, it is proposed to raise the flow of credit @ 10% every year. Accordingly, targets for crop loan disbursement during Eleventh Five Year Plan are proposed as under :-

S.No.

Year Estimated crop loan disbursement Estimated requirement of

Interest Subvention(In cr.)

No. of Beneficiaries(No. in Lacs)

Amount(In cr.)

1. 2007-08 35 2280 66.702. 2008-09 37 2620 81.223. 2009-10 39 3035 97.464. 2010-11 41 3530 116.495. 2011-12 43 4060 135.50 Total 195 15505 497.37

199. To achieve the target fixed for crop loan distribution, several corrective measures have been initiated, some of them are enumerated as below:-

200. Special plan has been prepared to activate about 2000 defunct PACS out of 7479 PACS functioning in the state. Financial assistance @ Rs. 40000/- per PACS has been provided as grant by the State Government to the aforementioned defunct PACS so as to enable them to start their business activities. Detailed instructions have been issued to concerned DCBs to sanction cash credit limit @ 2 lac per PACS to defunct PACS so as to make them viable in the coming years.

201. Regular monitoring is being done to ensure timely and adequate supply of agricultural inputs at the level of PACS. Crop Loan is being extended to all farmers through Kisan Credit Cards so that they may draw money against the limit sanctioned as per their convenience and are not burdened with heavy rate of interest. 5932996 K.C.Cs have been distributed to former members of PACS since inception up to 31.10.07.

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202. With a view to increase credit flow through K.C.C. ratio of cash and kind component has been revised from 33:67 to 50:50. Ratio of cash and kind component has been further relaxed and fixed at 75:25 in certain selected districts. Instructions have also been issued to DCBs that, if PACS do not have fertilizer due to any reason they may provide loan to farmers in the shape of 100% cash component.

203. State Government has sanctioned special grant to Weak DCBs amounting to Rs. 42 Cr. for their revitalization. U.P. Cooperative Bank has also sanctioned interest free soft loan for 7 years to select weak DCBs together with refinance by relaxing stipulated norms.

204. Some of the important schemes of this sector are given below:-

Interest subvention on Short term loan

205. While preparing draft XIth Five Year Plan a new scheme under the name “Interest subvention scheme for crop loan to farmers @ 7% by PACS (State Sector)” was proposed. It was estimated that crop loan amounting to Rs. 262000 lac would be distributed through PACS during the year 2008-09. Taking into consideration the cost of refinance from NABARD, cost of resources of U.P. Cooperative Bank and Distt. Cooperative Banks a sum of Rs. 8122 lac was estimated for the year 2008-09. However, in view of revised cost of resources augmented from various sources it is estimated that interest subvention amounting to Rs. 7663.50 lac would be required for crop loan to be distributed by PACS during the year 2008-09.

Assistance for Revival of credit structure based on the recommendation of Vaidyanathan committee

206. A Memorandum of Understanding was signed among Government Of India, State Government and NABARD on 18th December 2006 to implement the recommendations of the Revival Package finalized by Government Of India for strengthening of Short Term Cooperative Credit Structure. In the package there is a provision that besides improving the working conditions of Short Term Cooperative Credit Structure, these institutions will also be provided financial assistance to cleanse their balance sheet based on their financial position as on 31.3.2004 and the total financial assistance for these institutions assessed through special audit will be shared by Government Of India , State Government and Institutions based on the origin of losses. It is estimated that an amount of Rs. 2391.45 cr. will be required out of which RS 1931.81 cr.(80.78%) will be borne by Central Govt., Rs. 355.85 cr. (14.88%) by State Govt. and the remaining Rs 103.79 cr. (4.34%) by the concerned Institutions.

207. The state cabinet has approved the draft bill for amendment in the U.P. Cooperative societies Act, 1965 as per recommendations of Vaidyanathan committee, which is likely to be passed by the State Legislature shortly.

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State contribution for conversion of Short term loan into Medium term loan in the case of natural calamities

208. At the time of natural calamities like flood, drought etc. if loss in crops is more than 50% then on the basis of the certificate issued by District Magistrate decision is taken in District Consultative Committee (D.C.C.) about conversion of Short Term Loan of the affected farmers into Medium Term Loan. To meet the above eventualities, as per guidelines of NABARD on sharing basis, funds are arranged by NABARD, State Govt., District Cooperative Bank and U.P. Cooperative Bank @ 60%,15%,15% & 10% respectively.

Integrated Cooperative Development Project (I.C.D.P.)

209. The Cooperative Societies are the main agency/vehicle for providing agricultural credit and other inputs in the state to achieve the envisaged targets of agricultural production and rural development. The Cooperative credit agricultural societies and other allied Cooperative societies, have to be strengthened to achieve the above goal with the object of overall development of the district through Cooperative societies, ‘INTEGRATED COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ICDP)’ scheme has been launched in the state in 1992. Under I.C.D.P. project a district is selected and the project is launched in which agricultural as well as agricultural allied societies are covered. Normally the tenure of the project is five years. The project report of each selected district is prepared by the consultant, approved by the state government and N.C.D.C. the Project of the district is sanctioned after the approval of state government and the appraisal by N.C.D.C. Under ICDP project financial assistance for margin money, infrastructural development e.g. for construction of additional storage godowns, and repair of existing godowns, furniture & fixture and also for tank development and purchase of boats for fisheries Cooperative and business development to other allied Cooperatives is provided by state government in shape of loan and share capital as per funding pattern approved by N.C.D.C.. N.C.D.C. provides loan to the state government for these activities and 20% Subsidy for under Developed state. N.C.D.C also provides financial assistance in the form of subsidy to meet managerial cost of project implementation team, monitoring cell and for providing training to the office bearers and member of Cooperative societies.

Assistance for Agricultural Financial Services

Govt. contribution in the debentures of U.P.Sahakari Gram Vikas Bank Ltd., Lucknow.

210. A Government of India scheme for investment in debentures of State Cooperative Rural Development Bank is active since 1966-67. Nabard contributes 92% of total debenture floatation and remaining 8% is contributed by State and Central Governments on equal basis, in U.P. only UPSGVB is covered under the scheme. Repayment under the scheme is done on half yearly basis as per rate prescribed by Nabard.

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Statewise Loaning Position 2006-07 (Amount in Crores)

S.N. Name of the State Loaning Percentage1. Kerala 524.55 19.802. Uttar Pradesh 490.46 18.513. Punjab 378.26 14.284. Karnataka 250.87 9.475. Rajasthan 250.85 9.476. Haryana 189.04 7.137. Gujrat 136.55 5.158. West Bengal 124.15 4.699. Andhara Pradesh 113.92 4.3010. Madhya Pradesh(S.C.B.) 61.91 2.3411. Tamil Nadu 60.39 2.2812. Himachal Pradesh 49.22 1.8613. Pondicherry 7.86 0.3014. Chattisgarh 7.11 0.2715. Tripura 4.29 0.1616. Assam 0.13 0.00517. Bihar 0.00 0.0018. Jammu Kashmir 0.00 0.0019. Orissa 0.00 0.00

Total 2649.56 100.00

211. From the above table it is evident that UPSGVB stood at IInd Position in loan disbursement during the year 2006-07. Out of 15 ARDBs its share was 18.51%.

Purpose wise Loaning during Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-03 to2006-07)

(Amount in Crores)S.N.

Purpose Loan Disbursed

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 (Up to

Dec.07)1- Minor Irrigation 205.45 187.88 166.85 99.89 101.46 46.152- Farm

Mechnisation 100.83 82.31 67.71 65.72 67.08 29.76

3- Diversification 374.09 361.46 364.65 285.11 247.66 135.12(a)(b)(c)

Dunlop Cart 36.42 36.27 24.33 8.75 7.25 3.24Animal Husbandry

29.59 25.80 28.88 23.56 20.91 12.67

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S.N.

Purpose Loan Disbursed

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 (Up to

Dec.07)(d)(e)(f)

Fisheries 5.08 3.63 3.81 3.24 2.83 1.16Dairy 220.83 208.64 192.16 147.99 137.38 72.88Poultry 9.63 9.97 20.42 19.58 15.45 11.72Horticulture 72.34 77.15 95.05 82.19 63.84 35.35

4- Non Farm Sector 55.72 69.49 99.80 111.76 55.12 22.605- Rural Housing 5.87 6.32 5.72 4.18 4.06 2.886- Others 2.27 3.07 2.75 2.05 15.08 3.59Total 744.23 710.52 707.49 568.71 490.46 242.08

212. The table shows a downward trend in loan disbursement by the Bank. It is mainly because of restrictive measures adopted by Nabard in giving refinance to the bank. The Bank has set a target of Rs. 500.00 cores for loan disbursement during the year 2008.09. The purpose wise details are given below.

(Amount in Crores)

S.N. Purpose Number Proposed Loaning

1 Minor Irrigation 40835 105.00

2 Farm Mechnisation 6864 70.00

3 Dunlop Cart 4398 8.00

4 Animal Husbandry 7358 23.00

5 Fisheries 316 3.00

6 Dairy 27447 130.00

7 Poultry 3417 16.00

8 Horticulture 11596 64.00

9 Non Farm Sector 22017 60.00

10 Rural Housing 704 5.00

11 Others 565 16.00

Total 125515 500.00

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Interest rate

213. An analysis and review of interest rates levied by different agencies reveal that it varies from 11.5 percent to 13 percent which is quite high keeping in view the paying capacity and economic status of farmers. An agency wise breakup of interest rates is given below in table:-

Agency wise Rate of InterestS.N. Source of Finance Effective Rate of Interest

1- Commercial Bank 8.5 % to 9%2- Co-operative Bank 8.5% to 10%(subsidised by 2 % by State Govt.)3- UPSGVB 11% to 13%

214. As is evident from above table, the rate of interest of UPSGVB is on the higher side which is making bank loan costly for borrowers 90% of whom are small and marginal farmers consequently the loan disbursed by the bank witnessed a down word trend during past two years. Nabard has recently increased rate of refinance from 7 % to 9 % which will further affect sustainable viability of the bank. In order to maintain its sustainable viability, the bank needs to increase its interest rate which is not possible due to market constraints so in order that bank maintains its same rate of interest, Govt. is requested to subsidies its interest rate by 2% so that the bank may enhance its lending and serve small or marginal farmers.

215. Another factor which is adversely effecting loaning of the bank is the ban on coercive measures imposed by the Govt. in recovery. This measure is resulting in increase of defaulters which is reducing refinance of the bank

Fisheries

216. Importance of aquatic resources in our economy is well recognized. The need for food production has assumed vital importance hence, use of aquatic resources for developmental purpose such as aquaculture and fisheries at par with the terrestrial resources for agriculture and animal husbandry has gained considerable attention in recent years. As a result of intensive efforts, aquaculture has become one of the fastest growing food production sectors over the past two decades in many countries including India.

Aquatic Resources in the StateResource PercentageRivers &Canals 62%Large & Medium Reservoirs 12%Ponds 14%Lakes 12%Total 100%

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217. According to the recommendation of F. A. O. 12 Kg. /Yr / Person of fish is essential to meet the protein requirements whereas the present status is far behind i.e. less than 4 Kg./Yr/ Person. The productivity level of fish has been considerably increased from 600 Kg. /ha. to 2850 Kg. /ha. by the end of Tenth Five Year Plan. But still there is a huge gap between availability and demand. The estimated fish consumption of the state is about 3.2 lakh tons whereas the production is only 2.8 lakh tons. The gap is bridged by importing fish from other states mostly from Andhra Pradesh. The estimated demand is further substantially increased to the tune of about 7.4 lakh tonnes as per norms fixed by F. A. O. by the end of Eleventh Five Year Plan.

Review of Tenth Plan-Physical & Financial

Physical Achievements

218. During the Tenth Plan, the production of fish increased from 2.49 lakh tonnes to 3.07 lakh tonnes while productivity increased from 2.55 ton per ha. per year to 2.85 ton per ha. per year.

Outlay and Expenditure

219. Against an approved outlay of Rs. 5000.00 lakh, an expenditure of Rs. 2884.93 lakh was incurred.

Production Level

220. The total production of fish in the country is 30.40 lakh tonnes out of which state’s contribution is 2.8 lakh tonnes which is comparatively very low compared to the leading states like West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh. The comparative chart is given below:-

S.N. Name of State Rank Fish Production(lac tones)

1. West Bengal I 9.002. Andhra Pradesh II 7.003. Uttar Pradesh III 2.80

Productivity Level

221. The Fish productivity level of U.P. is 2850 kg/ha/yr at the end of Xth Five Year Plan which is more than national average of 2400 kg/ha/yr but it is still far behind that some of other states.

S.N. Name of State Rank Fish Production (kg/ha/yr)

1. Andhra Pradesh I 65002. Punjab II 52003. Haryana III 4500

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Success Stories

Matsya Jivi Sahakari Samiti Ltd. Bharayal Distt. Hardoi

222. About 18 K.M. away from the district head quarter of Hardoi, village Bharayal of block Tadiyavan is situated, enriched with water bodies which have been brought under fish culture. Department of fisheries U.P. registered a primary fisheries society named Matsya Jivi Sahakari Samiti Ltd. Bharayal having 23 members in 2006 which was assisted with the allocation of ponds’ lease of area of 125.203 ha. and got Rs. 87 lakh as loan sanctioned provided with the help of Fish Farmers Development Agency in 2007, out of that Rs. 54 lakh is loan portion & Rs. 33 lakh is as C.C.L. F.F.D.A., Hardoi provided training to the members of the society & made them efficient in their occupation, supplying them high quality progressive fingerlings resulting in high yield of fish produce. The total production is about 350 tons which is being sold in the local markets as well as in Lucknow. Besides, the project included integrated fish farming along with fish & duck culture, Jetrofa & mustered seed plants.

Jangal Jahanabad Distt.Unnao

223. A good example of collective fish farming in waste land came in to existence through F.F.D.A. Unnao in tehsil Hasanganj, block Miyanganj, village Jangal Jahanabad where seven families opted for fish culture in their private land of about 4.029 ha. & that has been converted in to fishery ponds. Earlier the beneficiaries did not get any benefit of their land because of the wild vegetation and constant damage and panic created by the herd of Neel Gai. F.F.D.A. Unnao extended its support in 2006 and provided them a loan of Rs.10,15,000 along with subsidy of Rs.2,53,750 through S.B.I. Parenda. The success of this project motivated many others to opt for fish farming in neighboring areas gradually changing the scenario. Existence of private mini fish hatcheries has boosted the scope and catalyzed the progress of aquaculture in the district.

Village Sohasa block Ahiraura,Hardoi

224. Kasim Ali, a resident of village Sohasa showed the best example of use of sodic land by converting it into fish pond of one ha getting production of 4000 kg/ha. He applied 2500 kg of Mahua oil cake constantly for four years maintaining desired water level to make the fish culture feasible in sodic land. FFDA Hardoi provided him all the necessary technology and provided training pertaining to optimum use of water resources. The first hatchery of Hardoi in private sector has been established in the vicinity of the pond in 2006. This shows that degraded land like sodic land and water logged areas can be brought under pisci culture successfully.

Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12)

Monitorable Targets Growth rate to be increased from 7.4% to 13%.

Enhancement of productivity from 2.8 t/ha/yr. to more than 4 t/ha/yr.

Increase in total annual fish production from 2.90 lac ton to 5.32 lac ton .

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Increase in seed production capacity to get about 150 crore standard fingerlings from present 120 crore.

Diversifications of culture activities for a variety of aquatic products e.g. prawn, catfish, ornamental fish

225. The following table gives year wise details of physical targets during XIth Plan;

Annual Physical Targets During Eleventh Five Year PlanPhysical Progress during the Year 2007-08

Activity 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

1 Pond area lease (ha) 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000

2 Improvement and construction of ponds (ha)

12000 12000 12000 12000 12000

3 Fish seed production

(crore)

126 132 138 144 150

4 Establishment of hatcheries(No.)

69 31 33 27 27

5 Seed rearing units 75 192 169 210 170

6 Training of

fishermen (No.)

8000 8000 8000 7700 7700

7 Fish productivity (kg/ha/yr)

2950 3100 3250 3500 3800

8 Fish production

(lac ton)

3.44 3.78 4.19 4.75 5.32

9 Organization of coop. societies

140 140 150 160 200

10 Fish development through co-operatives (ha)

3000 3000 3000 3000 3000

11 Development of water logged area(ha.)

3810 3251 3251 3251 2692

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Item Achievement (Till Dec, 07) Annual fish production 2.33 lac M.T.Seed production & supply 1156.06 MillionFishermen Houses 2089Insured beneficiaries 1,00,000Training of fishermen 5893Fish productivity 2850 kg/ha/yr Lease of ponds 7348.42 ha

226. The expenditure during 2007-08 is Rs. 13.28 crores against an outlay of Rs. 14.48 crores.

Proposals For Year 2008-09

Fish Farmers Development Agency

227. FFDAs facilitate leasing (Patta) from Revenue department and arranges bank credit from financial institutions for improvement and inputs. FFDA provides subsidy as per norms on these expenditures. It is the most important centrally sponsored production oriented program in the field of pond fisheries. Renovation of rural ponds, training and extension are the main activities under this program. State and Central Government share expenditure in 25:75 basis in this scheme . Subsidy for renovation of existing ponds, construction of new ponds, training of fish farmers and extension support is available to fish farmers through these agencies. These agencies have played tremendous role in the expansion of fish culture in rural ponds and increasing productivity from initial 600 kg/yr to current 3100 kg/yr.

Fresh Water Prawn Culture

228. Fresh water prawn (scampi) culture is a recently introduced scheme which has tremendous scope in inland sector. Migratory nature and breeding in fresh water and larval growth in saline water make seed production a difficult task. Presently prawn seed is procured from coastal states, therefore extra support is required to popularize this activity among farmers. As initial incentive provision for prawn seed and feed at 50% subsidy for 200 ha water area in the entire state is proposed .

Forest

229. Forests are a natural habitat of flora and fauna. It is the homestead of good number of Non-Timber Forest Produce, Medicinal Plants, and Wild-life etc. It plays an important role in soil and water conservation watershed management and ground water recharge. Forests contribute significantly in employment generation and help in poverty alleviation of the masses. They are the source of sustenance for forest dwellers specially tribals as they provide them non timber forest products, small timber, fuel wood and fodder.

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230. The chief economic product of the forests is timber, but the economic benefits, in terms of climate control, pollution abatement, and wildlife maintenance, have rarely been calculated. The economic importance of non-wood forest products is also increasing.

231. Forests are vitally important for preserving adequate water supplies. In addition, the forest provides shelter for wildlife, recreation and aesthetic renewal for people, and irreplaceable supplies of oxygen and soil nutrients. Deforestation, particularly in the tropical rain forests, has become a major environmental concern, as it can destabilize the earth's temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide levels.

Forest and tree cover

(Area in Sq.Km.)1 State’s geographical area 240, 9282 Recorded forest area 16,8263 Forest cover 14,1184 Tree cover 7,7155 Forest and tree cover 21,8336 Percentage of Forest and tree cover against geographical

area9.06%

Change in Forest Cover

(Area in Sq.Km.)Geographical area

Year1997 1999 2001 2003

Forest cover

% of geographic

al area

Forest cover

% of geographic

al area

Forest cover

% of geographic

al area

Forest cover

% of geographic

al area240928 10751 4.462 10756 4.464 13746 5.705 14118 5.86

Source: State forest report 2003, published by forest survey of India.

Physical and Financial Performance

S.N.

Plan Period State Share(Rs in crore)

Area(In hectare)

Employment created -Mandays

(In lakh no.)1. IX Five Year Plan 294.65 251914 289.122. X Five Year Plan 460.01 182876 326.793. Annual Plan 2007-08

(Anticipated) 228.48 42537 51.96

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Forest Policy

232. The basic objectives that govern the National Forest Policy are the following:-

Maintenance of environmental stability through preservation and where necessary, restoration of the ecological balance that has been adversely disturbed by serious depletion of the forests of the country.

Conserving the natural heritage of the country by preserving the remaining natural forests with the vast variety of flora and fauna, which represent the remarkable biological diversity and genetic resources of the country.

Checking soil erosion and denudation in the catchment areas of rivers, lakes, reservoirs in the interest of soil and water conservation, for mitigating floods and droughts and for retardation of siltation of reservoirs.

Increasing substantially the forest/tree cover in the country through massive afforestation and social forestry programmes, especially on all denuded, degraded and unproductive lands.

Meeting the requirements of fuel wood, fodder, minor forest produce and small timber of the rural and tribal populations.

233. The principal aim of Forest Policy must be to ensure environmental stability and maintenance of ecological balance including atmospheric equilibrium which is vital for sustenance of all life forms, human, animal and plant. The derivation of direct economic benefit must be subordinated to this principal aim.

Strategy

234. In order to accomplish the above mentioned target, the state is endeavoring for massive afforestation programme.

Target for the Eleventh Five year Plan

Plantation by DepartmentsS. N. Year Plantation in ha. Total Area

(in ha.)Forest Department Other Departments1. 2007-08 55000 1500 565002. 2008-09 55000 1500 565003. 2009-10 55000 1500 565004. 2010-11 55000 1500 565005. 2011-12 55000 1500 56500Total 275000 7500 282500

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235. The area coverage comes to be 1.17 % in eleventh plan period.Plantation through Peoples Participation

S.N. Year Number of Seedlings Planted (In Crore)

Area Covered (in ha.)

1. 2007-08 25.00 1250002. 2008-09 25.00 1250003. 2009-10 25.00 1250004. 2010-11 25.00 1250005. 2011-12 25.00 125000 Total 125.00 625000

236. Presuming a survival percentage of 50% of the seedlings planted through public participation the area coverage comes to be 1.29% in eleventh plan period.

Innovative Measures

High Value Plantation Project

237. This project is proposed to be implemented in 15 districts of the state with the financial support of NABARD. This scheme will help in increasing tree and forest cover.

Conservation of Bio-diversity

238. Conservation of biodiversity is related to biological resources and with the maintenance of ecological stability and productivity. Conservation involves a number of parameters such as number of species, their population, dynamics, distribution, habitat and climate and microhabitat physical environment.

Social Forestry

239. This scheme is aimed at providing fuel, fodder, small timber and other forestry based raw material. In order to meet the demand of the rural people, departmental plantations are being raised in all districts of U.P. on community land, wasteland and sides of road, rail ,canal. In this scheme innovative plantations are being raised for increased people’s participation.

Forest Research

240. Research plays an important role in the forestry sector by way of providing improved seedlings for plantations. This enhances the productivity of the forest and thus tries to meet the ever-increasing demand. In U.P. State Forest Research Centre is situated in Kanpur.

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Integrated Forest Protection Scheme

241. This scheme is funded by G.O.I. There are three components of the scheme (Forest Protection, Survey and demarcation and Working Plan preparation) which are important for developing infrastructure in the forestry sector. Forest Protection is one of the major activities in this scheme.

Vrikshawaran Vistar Yojna

242. Rehabilitation of degraded forests and promotion of Natural regeneration is a big challenge. For intensive plantation on different types of land (such as community land, forest land, school, industrial area, banks of canal, road and rail side) available in 48 districts of U.P. this scheme has been undertaken in 2007-08. This scheme will continue in 2008-09.

Uttar Pradesh Participatory Forest Management and Poverty Alleviation Project (J.B.I.C. Aided)

243. This scheme is proposed to be funded by Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) . It is proposed to be launched in 2008-09. This scheme will develop new dimensions in the departmental work. The Project will be implemented by various offices to be created within the UPFD as well as the Project Management Unit (PMU) to be established outside the UPFD as an independent autonomous society in compliance with Society Registration Act, 1860. At the field level, 20 Divisional Management Units (DUMs) and 101 field Management Units (FUMs) will be established, and the functioning of DMUs and FMUs will be monitored by concerned Zonal Offices and Circle Offices. An Empowered Committee will be created within the State Government as the highest decision-making body for the Project.

244. The general objectives of the project are:-

To manage and improve the natural resources (Forest, wild life, tree cover and degraded areas) on a sustainable basis.

To reduce poverty through natural resource conservation, reforestation and sustained community action along with enhanced productivity of these renewable resources.

National Afforestation Programme

245. National Afforestation Programme funded by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India is being implemented through Forest Development Agency. The broad objectives of the scheme are as below:-

Ecological restoration & Environmental Conservation and Eco-development.

Fulfillment of broader objectivities of productivity, equity and sustainability for the general benefit of the community.

To provide regular employment to the poor people of Scheduled Castes/ Scheduled Tribes.

To create community assets which can help in eco-development.

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To involve the village folks in planning & management of forest.

Wild Life Conservation

246. One National Park and 24 Wild Life Sanctuaries are situated in U.P. comprising an area of 5714 sq. kms. The development of these protected areas is primarily done through the two Centrally Sponsored Schemes namely “Project Tiger” and “Development of National Parks and Sanctuaries”.

247. Important activities taken for wildlife conservation and habitat improvement / eco development are as mentioned below:

1. Conservation of water bodies.

2. Weed eradication.

3. Infrastructure development.

4. Vaccination of animals in adjoining villages etc.

Project Tiger

248. This is an ambitious project implemented with financial support from Government of India. Its main aim is to save the master predator sitting at the apex of food chain. This scheme is being implemented for ecological development of the park area and protection of wild life.

Development of National Parks and Sanctuaries

249. This scheme is being implemented with financial support from Government of India. Objectives of this scheme are to conserve and improve natural habitat of the sanctuaries. Eco-development activities are also taken up in this scheme.

Project Elephant

250. For conservation of Elephant and development of Elephant corridor in Saharanpur and Bijnor districts this scheme is being implemented with financial support of G.O.I. The areas taken up in this scheme are adjoining Uttarakhand State where a large population of Elephants is reside in Rajaji National Park. This corridor will help in movement of Elephants and provide natural habitat to them.

IRRIGATION AND FLOOD CONTORAL

Major and Medium Irrigation

251. The economy of the state is primarily agriculture based with about 2/3rd of its population dependent on agriculture and allied activities. Rapid increase in the pace of agricultural development is, therefore, essential to bring about desired improvement in the State's economy. The resources of cultivable

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land of the state are, however, limited and agriculture production can, therefore, be increased mainly through multiple cropping and higher productivity. For both these objectives irrigation is an inevitable input.

252. The assessment made by the water resources organization. Government of India indicates that 75% dependability flow of five major rivers of the state is as below:-

Water Availability and Annual FlowSl.No. Name of River Discharge

Observation SiteAnnual Inflow (MAF)

Share of Catchments of U.P. (MAF)

1. Ganga Varanasi 54.50 34.80

2. Gandak Balmikinagar 26.77 8.45

3. Ghaghra Turtipar 50.61 50.614. Sone Chopan 9.25 1.23

5. Gomti Naighat 3.97 3.97

Total 145.10 99.06

253. According to this assessment, the quantum of water available for exploitation in the state will be 99.06 MAF which is less than the annual inflow of 145.10 MAF including the share of other states. About 32.00 MAF water is already being used through various schemes in operation. Thus the total surface resource which can be developed by the state (including Uttarakhand) is 131.06 MAF. Allowing for drinking, municipal and industrial use and peak flood flows that cannot be arrested at present, the remaining available water for irrigation will be about 76.00 MAF Thus 76.00 MAF of water has to be utilized through Major and Medium irrigation projects including those reservoirs and multipurpose projects located in Uttarakhand State and also through minor surface schemes creating a potential of about (125.00+12.00)=137.00 lakh ha both in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand Though the details of sharing of surface water resources between U.P. and Uttarakhand need to be worked out and finalized through institutional arrangement proposed in the U.P. Re-organization Act 2000, a tentative break-up of Ultimate potential likely to be created in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand through surface water is as below:-

Sl. No.

Ultimate Potential(Lakh Ha.) Water Required (MAF)Share of U.P.

Share of Uttarakhand

Total Share of U.P.

Share of Uttarakhand

Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 81. Major &

Medium Irrigation

121.54 3.46 125.00 67.40 1.90 69.30

2. Minor Surface Irrigation

6.82 5.18 12.00 3.80 2.90 6.70

Total 128.36 8.64 137.00 71.20 4.80 76.00

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254. Thus out of 76.0 MAF of water, 71.20 MAF is left for U.P. creating a potential of 128.36 lakh ha through major & medium & minor surface schemes. It is to be pointed out here that 71.2 MAF of water includes the water that will be available through multipurpose and storage schemes either on-going or identified located in Uttarakhand.

Utilization Of Water Available In Uttar Pradesh For Major & Medium Irrigation Projects Quantum of water available for major & medium irrigation

67.40 MAF

Anticipated utilization through completed projects during Xth Plan which have spilled from IX plan(1997-2002)

55.55 MAF

New Projects included in Xth Plan(2002-07) 2.50 MAFBalance for New Projects XI Plan & onward 9.35 MAFNew Projects included in XI Plan(2007-2012)

3.10 MAF

Review Of Progress up to Tenth Plan

255. The growth in irrigation potential and investment made under Major & Medium schemes up to the end of Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07).

Expenditure and Benefits of Major and Medium ProjectsPeriod Expenditure Incurred

(Rs. In Crore)Potential Created(Lakh Ha.)

%age of Potential Creation against Ultimate potential

During Cumulative up to

During Cumulative

1 2 3 4 5 6 71. Eight Plan (1992-97)

(Actual) 1738.00 5423.45 2.54 69.10 56.85

2. Ninth Plan(1997-2002)(Actual)

3014.58 8438.03 8.78 77.88 64.08

3. Tenth Plan (2002-2007) (Actual)

4866.70 13304.73 5.31 83.19 68.45

Programme For Eleventh Plan

256. Priority, Strategy and Moniterable Targets for the Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12), are given below:-

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Priority & Strategy

257. The Priority & Strategy for implementation of projects in the Eleventh Plan 2007-2012 is primarily to complete the on-going projects. Selected new projects, mostly with a view to reduce the regional imbalance have been proposed. The priority among the on-going projects has been fixed as below:-

On-going Projects

Externally Aided Projects.

Inter-State Projects.

Other on-going projects where substantial expenditure has already been incurred.

Provisions have also been made for meeting the pending liabilities of completed schemes and land compensation for completed schemes.

Provisions to keep up the performance of existing canal system.

Survey and Investigation, Research and Training Facilities.

Selected new schemes, mostly with a view to reduce the regional imbalance.

Projects for restoration of existing capacity that includes modernization and rehabilitation of old gravity canals as well as major lift canals and strengthening of dams under distress, to reduce the gap between potential created and utilized.

A study is being conducted by I.I.M. Lucknow regarding the full utilization of created irrigation potential in the State as per guidelines by Water Resources Ministry , Government of India.

Monitorable TargetsExpenditure and Benefits of Major and Medium Projects

S. N. Period Expenditure to be incurred (Rs. In Crore)

Potential to be created (Lakh Ha.)

Percentage of Potential

Creation against

Ultimate

During Cumulative During Cumulative

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 Eleventh Plan (2007-12) Proposed

13408.22 26724.98 11.70 94.89 78.07

2 Annual Plan (2007-08) Anticipated

1714.19 15030.95 2.20 85.39 70.17

3 Annual Plan (2008-09) Proposed

2091.10 17122.05 1.86 87.25 71.79

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258. It is proposed to complete23 major , medium and ERM projects out of which some important projects are Saryu canal project, Eastern ganga canal project and Chaudhary charan singh Lahchura Dam project.

Sectoral Linkage with other Sectors

Forward Linkage

At output level, Major and Medium Irrigation has its major forward linkage with Agriculture Sector and its next linkage occurs with the Power Sector. However, for the optimum utilisation of water, some other sectors are also identified that may utilise water, which is flowing through the canals, so that we may achieve the level of minimum or no wastage of water. Those sectors are Fisheries, Water Supply, Animal Husbandry and Forest.

The subsidiary output of Major and Medium Irrigation Sector is the canal road. The service roads of main canal and branches have good potential for public use in conveyance. Hence its linkage occurs with the PWD sector.

Backward Linkage

259. At input level, this sector has backward linkages with ‘Food & Civil Supplies’, for cement & steel, ‘Power Corporation’ for power supply, ‘Financial Institutions’ for finances, ‘Industry’ sector for Machinery & Equipments, ‘Revenue’ sector for Land Acquisition, ‘Technical Education’ for technical personnel and ‘Science and Technology’ for information and acquiring latest technology, research work and computerization.

Resources Available Through Convergence

260. In view of the resource crunch, loan assistance from NABARD under RIDF is being obtained

since 1995-96 with the condition of their utilization in three years from the year of sanction. Further

Central Loan Assistance under Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) is also being provided by

Government of India for early completion of the on-going projects, on which substantial expenditure has

already been incurred. At present as per modified guide lines for the accelerated irrigation benefits

programme effective from December 2006, the central assistance will be in the form of central grant which

will be 25% of project cost. The balance cost of the project as the state’s share is to be arranged by the

state government from its own resources. The eligibility criteria for funding is as below:-

261. Major, medium and Extension, Renovation & Modenrnisation (ERM) irrigation projects (a) having

investment clearance of Planning Commission (b) are in advanced stage of construction and can be

completed in the next four financial years (c) are not receiving any other form of financial assistance can

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be considered for inclusion in the programme. Components of the projects not receiving any other form of

financial assistance can also be considered for inclusion in the programme.

262. The details of loan assistance/grant provided by them and the expenditure incurred on these

projects during various years are given below:- Progress under AIBP /NABARD assisted projects

(Rs. In Cr.)

** Th e

expenditure is against the sanction under different phases of RIDF

Salient Features

263.Category wise breakup of 26 Major and Medium irrigation schemes ( spilling to Ninth plan) completed during Ninth Plan, Tenth Plan (2002-2007) and those proposed to be completed during Eleventh Plan (2007-12) is given below:-

Year Category of SchemesMajor Projects Medium & Mod. Projects

1997-98 (Actual) - 1. Revised Tons Pump Canal2. Chittaurgarh Reservoir

1998-99 (Actual) 1. Bewar Feeder 1. Mod. of Ghaghar Canal1999-2000 (Actual) 1. Gunta Nala Dam2000-2001 (Actual) 1. Sarda Sahayak Project2001-2002 (Actual) 1. Maudaha Dam

2. Chambal Lift Scheme3. Gyanpur Pump Canal (Closed)4. Sone Pump Canal (Closed)

1. Pathrai Dam

2002-03 1. Upper Ganga Irrig. Mod. Project2. National Water Management Project (Sarda Canal) (Closed)3- Madhya Ganga Canal

-

Year RIDF Loan Assistance (NABARD) Central Loan Assistance/Grant*Released by G.O.I.

(AIBP )

Sanctioned Expenditure** incurred

1 2 3 4Tenth Plan Eleventh Plan ( Target)2007-08 (Anticipated)2008-09 (Proposed)

485.63896.08122.89424.46

558.88896.08122.89424.46

1329.821572.21 *192.84 *275.61 *

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Year Category of SchemesMajor Projects Medium & Mod. Projects

2004-05 1-Paddy Channels in H.K. Doab2.New Tajewala Barrage

1.Linning of channels in Bundelkhand & Baghelkhand (Closed)

2006-07 1- Tehri Dam 1-Jarauli Pump CanalXI Plan (2007-2012)

1- Rajghat Canal2-Bansagar Project3-Saryu Nahar Pariyojna4-Mod. of Agra Canal5-Eastern Ganga Canal6- Kanhar Irrigation Project

1-Mod. Of Chaudhri Charan Singh Lahchura Dam.

2007-08 1- Rajghat Canal2- Mod. Agra Canal

2008-09 1-Saryu Nahar Pariyojna2-Eastern Ganga Canal

1-Mod. Of Chaudhri Charan Singh Lahchura Dam

Constraints / Bottlenecks In The Implementation / Completion Of Projects

Availablity of Land

264. Non availability of land in time for the construction of distribution system in all the major and medium projects has been a major bottleneck in the past. Litigation pending in the court pertaining to land has also been a major problem in completing the distribution system resulting in gaps in the canals. Delay in transfer of forest land has also been a major constraints .For speedy disposal of land cases pertaining to major projects ,special institutional arrangement other than the present setup is needed.

Inter State Issues

265. Kanhar Irrigation Scheme is not getting clearance from C.W.C. G.O.I. because of inter state issues involved in it .Jharkhand (previously Bihar) has raised some objections in the Sone water distribution which is still to be sorted out .

Cost Escalation

266. The physical target can only be achieved if the price escalation component during the plan period is also provided. As the above constraints can not be removed fully in future, the physical and financial achievements will be much lower than what have been envisaged in the Eleventh Five Year Plan.

267. A brief description of schemes proposed during the Annual Plan 2008-09 is given in the following paragraphs:-

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Inter State Projects

Bansagar Project

268. Bansagar Dam & the Conveyance System (MP) is being implemented by Madhya Pradesh. The cost of construction of Bansagar dam is to be shared by the three states of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar in the ratio of 1:2:1. The cost of conveyance system (MP), which will deliver the water to U.P., is to be shared by Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. The share of Uttar Pradesh in the dam and in the Canal System (MP) is Rs 379.49 Cr. Uttar Pradesh has paid Rs 251.64 Cr to M.P up to 03/2007.

269. Besides, provisions for the State's share in the inter-state project of Bansagar Dam, provisions for constructing the canal systems by the State for utilizing the stored water, as per the inter-state agreements has also been made. Latest cost of Bansagar Project is 2058.01cr.(Rs. 1856.44 Cr for.works only) against which expenditure of Rs.1068.02 cr. (Rs.938.20 cr. for works only) has been incurred upto 3/07. Provision of Rs 237.50 cr.and Rs.377.80 cr. outlays have been kept during Annual Plan 2007-08 and Annual Plan 2008-09 respectively of Eleventh Plan.

Tehri Dam Project

270. Tehri Dam project was being constructed by the State during 1969-1989. After creation of the Tehri Hydro Development Corporation in 1989, it was transferred to the corporation. As per agreement, 20% of the total cost of the project will be met by the irrigation sector. Uttar Pradesh will bear the total cost of the irrigation sector and the irrigation benefits will therefore accrue to the State. T.H.D.C. has informed the revised cost of the Tehri Dam, updated to the price level of November 2005 the Irrigation component is Rs 1401.16 Cr. The total expenditure of Rs. 1180.96 cr. has been incurred by the end of 2006-07. Provision of Rs.126.32 cr.and Rs.88.72 cr. have been made in Annual plan 2007-08 and Annual plan2008-09 respectively of Eleventh Plan under the head of liabilities.

New Projects Of Eleventh Plan

Major & Medium Projects

271. 21 new major and medium projects are proposed to be taken up in Eleventh Plan (2007-12). These include Kachnaudha Dam,Virat Sagar Dam, Bhorat Dam, Uttari Dam, Bardaha Dam, Arjun Sahayak, Bundelkhad Irrigation Potential Development. This will help in reducing the regional imbalances. Outlay of Rs. 5437.81 is being provided for new projects in Eleventh Plan (2007-12).

ERM (Extension, Renovation and Modernisation) Projects and Dams in Distress

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272. During Eleventh Plan an outlay of Rs. 1258.84 Cr. has been provided for ERM and Dams in distress projects. This includes Rs. 112.10Cr.for 8 major and medium pump canals, Rs. 170.77 Cr. for major dams that are in distress and the balance Rs. 675.97 Cr. for restoring the existing capacity of major canal systems.

Potential Growth & Utilization

273. It is proposed to create11.70 lakh hectare additional irrigation potential during Eleventh Five Year Plan. The irrigation potential created through major and medium irrigation works up to 2006-07 and its utilisation are given below:-

Irrigation Potential Creation and Utilisation

(Lakh ha)Year Potential Created Utilisation of

Potential Cumulative Percentage against the

Gap in potential created and utilisation

During Cumulative

During Cumulative

Same Year

Previous Year

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Eight Plan (1992-97) (Actual)

2.54 69.10 3.63 60.01 - - 9.09

Ninth Plan 1997-02(Actual)

8.79 77.88 2.28 62.29 - - 15.59

Tenth Plan 2002-07(Proposed)

10.00 - 10.00 - - - -

2002-2003 0.73 78.61 0.62 62.91 80.03 80.78 15.702003-2004 0.75 79.36 0.39 63.30 79.76 80.52 16.062004-05 1.28 80.64 0.43 63.73 79.03 80.30 16.91

2005-06 0.82 81.46 - 63.73 78.23 79.03 17.73

2006-07 1.73 83.19 0.82 64.55 77.59 79.24 18.64

Eleventh Plan 2007-12 (Proposed)

11.70 94.89 11.70 76.25 - - -

2007-08(Anticipated)

2.20 85.39 1.65 66.20 77.53 79.57 19.19

2008-09(Proposed) 1.86 87.25 2.00 68.20 78.16 79.87 19.05

Irrigation Facilities From Different Sources

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274. The irrigation facilities from different sources like canals 72450 kms, State Tube wells 28366 Nos, Major and Medium Pump Canals 27 Nos, Minor Lift Canals 243 Nos and Reservoirs 66 Nos / Bundhies is being provided in the State.

275. The details of potential created , potential utilized and actual irrigation through major and medium irrigation projects for last 10 years are as below-

(Area in Lakh Ha.)Sl. No.

Year Potential created (cumlative)

Potential Utilized(cumlative)

Actual Irrigation

Percentage as per potential utilized(4/3x100)

Potential as per actual irrigation (5/3x100)

1 2 3 4 5 6 71 1997-1998 70.39 60.34 42.86 85.72 60.892 1998-1999 71.51 61.09 47.24 85.43 66.063 1999-2000 72.64 61.84 43.08 85.13 59.314 2000-2001 76.69 62.15 39.37 81.04 51.345 2001-2002 77.89 62.29 40.92 79.97 52.546 2002-2003 78.61 62.91 40.91 80.03 52.047 2003-2004 79.36 63.30 44.34 79.76 55.878 2004-2005 80.64 63.73 42.73 79.03 52.999 2005-2006 81.45 63.73 42.62 78.24 52.2910 2006-2007 83.19 64.55 43.43 79.59 52.20

Average of 10 Years

42.75 81.39 55.55

276. It is clear from the above figure that the average irrigation of 42.75 lakh ha. is being provided against irrigation potential created which is 83.19 lakh ha. up to year 2006-07 . The present gap is 40.44 lakh ha. Some of the important reasons for under utilization and actual irrigation are given below-

Some of the major canal systems of the state like Upper Ganga Canal, Eastern Yamuna Canal, Agra Canal, Lower Ganga Canal, Gandak Canal System, Sarda Canal and Belan Canal System are approximately 60 to 100 year old. Because of inadequate maintenance, for want of sufficient O & M grants, these systems have deteriorated considerably. The actual irrigation on these systems is therefore going down.

The cropping pattern as envisaged in the original project is not being adopted in the field. This is resulting in un equitable water consumption in lower irrigation area . The actual cropping pattern is different from that adopted in the project report as such the consumption of utilization of the irrigation potential is not realistic. More water consuming crops are adopted especially in head reaches, the command area in tail reaches are deprived of their due share of irrigation.

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Out of 60 main dams in the state, 10 dams are 50 years old and have been distressed with different reasons. Due to this the storage capacity of the reservoirs is being reduced causing less availability of water in canals which adversely affected irrigation.

The efficiency of electric motors is being reduced due to usage for a long period in major pump canals. The electric motors can not run continuously due to the electric supply not being stable for 24 hours with required voltage .

In some cases the system were originally designed for protective irrigation, where as now a days adoption of high yielding variety of seeds requires more water depths resulting in less irrigated area. Changes in land use pattern have also resulted in command areas and consequently the irrigated area getting reduced.

Deterioration in Socio-economic conditions and law and order in the state has completely disrupted the system of equitable distribution of water through canals. The distributaries and minors are cut by farmers, unauthorized outlets and bunds are fixed in smaller channel resulting in drawl of more water and also wastage of water in Upper reaches rendering the tail reaches completely dry.

It is being observed that additional irrigation potential is created through on going major and medium irrigation projects. But guls are not constructed by CADA (Command Area Development Authority) in time simultaneous with creation of potential. Thus there is a gap in new potential created and its utilization.

The irrigation projects are planned on 75% dependability of designed irrigation supplies. Thus it is in built that for 25% of the period(in one hundred sequence) the water requirement for full irrigation potential will not be met and even if designed cropping pattern is followed there will be a lag in potential utilized irrespective of the extent of field channels.

Some times it happens that due to unavoidable circumstances drinking water supply and industrial requirements have to be made on priority basis from irrigation schemes and this causes, curtailment in irrigation supplies and results in reduced irrigated areas.

Role Of Voluntary Sector & Private Sector

State Water Policy

277. The state is endowed with bountiful water resources but the fast increasing demand indicates that it will increase in future. In order to cope up with the increasing demand in future the state has formulated " State Water Policy " on the pattern of National Water Policy. The broad objectives of State Water policy are preservation and optimal utilisation of available water for various purposes, proper management of water resources, maintenance of quality, basin & sub-basin wise conjunctive use of surface & ground water, maximum hydro power generation within the constraints imposed by other users, ecological and environmental balances ensuring equity & social justice among individuals & group of users in water resources allocations and management, effective monitoring through management information services,

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promotion of research and training facilities and evolving mechanism for the resolution of conflicts between various users.

Water Sector Restructuring Project

278. In order to implement the main objective of the State Water Policy in Irrigation Department, Water Sector Restructuring Project has been formulated. The project is funded by World Bank.

279. The main purpose and objective of the project is to benefit the poorest farmers by the way of increasing yield of crops and diversification of agriculture by use of optimal water.

280. The project costing nearly US$ 1300 million is to be implemented in a period of 12 to 15 years. The first phase of the project (UPWSRP-1) is meant to be implemented during 5years duration. World Bank has sanctioned a loan of US$149.2 million for the first phase of the project. The first phase UPWSRP-1 has been included in the Tenth Five Year Plan. The total expenditure at the end of Tenth Plan has been Rs. 168.82 cr. against the cost of UPWSRP Ph-I project Rs.819.39 cr. Provision of Rs.233.16 cr. and Rs.218.60 cr. have been made in Annual plan2007-08 and Annual plan2008-09 respectively.

Water User Associations (WUA)

281. Under the State Water Policy, participatory irrigation management is being implemented for the efficient and best use of water on the state irrigation canal system. Under this system all the farmers of minors will be the member of the Water User Associations (WUA). The working committee of the water user association has been formed. The required training to the farmers would be given by Water and Land Management Institute (WALMI). Water user association (WUA) on minors has been constituted and for distributaries WUA is in progress. The entire management of minors will be transferred to WUA in three phases.

Minor Irrigation

Ground Water

282. Ground water Department is the nodal organization at State Level, entrusted with the responsibilities of survey and investigation for the assessment of ground water resources and assisting the user departments in the ground water development, management, augmentation, conservation & regulation of ground water resources of the state covering 820 blocks.

283. Ground water Department is engaged in performing the ground water survey programme ie. Hydrogeological survey. (Assessment of declining/rising trend of ground water level and blockwise Ground water resource estimation & categorisation), suitable site selection for tubewell through geophysical survey, electrical well logging, quality monitoring of ground water sample for agricultural

[ 99 ]

purposes, tubewell drilling etc. along with the monitoring and co-ordination of rain water harvesting/recharging schemes in the state.

284. The progress in the field of ground water survey investigation gained momentum due to the recommendation of Ground Water Estimation Committee-1997 and the problems of continuous decline in ground water levels in some areas of the state .

Priority For Eleventh Five Year Plan

285. The proposal for 11th Five Year Plan (2007-12) was formulated considering the problem arising out of indiscriminate use of ground water,its declining trend & scarcity areas .The Ground water study has been framed in such away to provide solution to eradicate the above problems related to ground water development .

286. Keeping in mind, the ground water regime (quantitatively and qualitatively) problems arising out of over-exploitation, causing declining ground water level and water logging, soil degradation due to shallow water table and excessive use of chemicals in the field, the programmes of ground water development are being planned/proposed in such away, so as to provide a permanent and sustainable solutions to the ground water problems in the State.

287. The following ground water survey programmes are proposed to be carried out during financial year 2008-09. Detailed specific programmes and financial requirements are summarized below-

Ground water Resource Estimation and Strengthening of Ground water survey

Monitoring of Ground water Level on hydrograph stations network (Observation well/Piezometer)

Construction of Piezometers

Estimation of Ground Water Resource

Micro Study in Over Exploited / Critical Blocks

Quality Assessment Monitoring of Ground Water

Procurement of Drilling, Survey and Monitoring Equipments

Rain water harvesting and Recharging

288. In this scheme Roof top rain water harvesting, ponds and percolation tanks will be constructed for study purpose on model basis. Inter departmental co-ordination for monitoring and implementation of Rain Water Harvesting / Recharging activities in the State, impact assessment and rain water

[ 100 ]

harvesting/recharging activities and schemes on ground water regime (ground water level and quality ) are to be carried out. An outlay of Rs. 96.00 Lacs is proposed for this work.

Aquifer mapping and deep aquifer parameter tests

289. In this scheme aquifer mapping and fence diagram based on geophysical survey data / drilling data will be prepared for 164 blocks of the state. Along with this, ground water exploration and pumping tests on deep aquifers will be performed to know the behavior of sub-surface ground water movement (horizontally & vertically).An outlay of Rs. 98.00 Lacs is proposed for this work.

Estimation of land damage index

290. In this scheme the land damage index of 164 Blocks has been proposed to demarcate, the water logged and saline/ alkaline area for future agricultural planning. An outlay of Rs. 96.00 Lacs is proposed for this work.

Private Minor Irrigation

291. The Minor Irrigation Department provides free technical guidance and subsidy to farmers to create their own source of irrigation. In Feb 1985, a scheme namely ''Free-Boring-Scheme" was launched to benefit, small and marginal farmers for increasing agricultural production. The out come of this scheme is very encouraging. In the year 2004-05, a new scheme namely Medium-Deep-Tube-Well Scheme” has also been launched. At present, the following Schemes are being implemented:-

Construction of Shallow Tube-Well for Small/Marginal farmers under “Free Boring Scheme” .

Construction of “Medium Deep Tube-Well” in alluvial areas of State where water bearing strata is between 31 to 60 metre.

Construction of Deep Tube Well for deep and difficult areas of state having water bearing strata above Sixty metre.

Construction of Blast Well /Deepening of Well in rocky areas.

Boring by In well Rig/Wagon Drill in rocky areas.

Artesian Well Scheme (Mainly for Jalaun Distt.)

Ground Water Recharging/Check dam Scheme in which Renovation of Ponds and construction of check dam is included.

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Status

292. The following facilities of subsidy are being provided to the farmers for construction of different private minor irrigation works:-

Sl.No. Name of Works Eligibility Criterion

Average of project cost

Detail of Subsidy Provided

1- Free BoringA- Boring Small/

Marginal Farmer

Rs. 8000/- 1- General Category(1) Small Farmer 3000/-

(2) Marginal Farmer 4000/

2- Small/Marginal Farmers of SC/ST 6000/-

B- Pump set (5 Hp) Rs. 18,000/-

1- General Category(1) Small Farmer 2800/-(2) Marginal Farmer 3750/-

3- Small/Marginal Farmers of SC/ST 5650/-

2- Medium Tube Well Farmers of All Categories

Rs. 1.70 Lakh

50% cost of the Tube well maximum Rs. 75000/- & for water distribution system cost of 50% maximum Rs. 10000/- Total Rs. 85,000/-

3- Deep Tube Well Farmers of All Categories

Rs. 3.30 Lakh

50% cost, maximum Rs. 1.00 lakh.

4- Artesian Well Farmers of All Categories

Rs. 12,000/-

50% cost, maximum Rs. 5000/-

5- Blast Well Farmers of All Categories

Rs.1.20 Lakh

50% cost, maximum Rs. 5000/-

6- Boring by In well Rig Machine

Farmers of All Categories

Rs. 50,000/-

50% cost, maximum Rs. 7500/-

7- Deepening of Well in Rocky Area

Farmers of All Categories

Rs. 122/- per hole

50% cost, maximum Rs. 20/- per hole.

8- Surface Pump set (Rocky area of Bundle khand & Allah bad District)

Farmers of All Categories

Rs. 20,000/-

25% cost, maximum Rs. 3000/-

9- Construction of Check dam

Community Work

Rs. 10.00 Lakh.

Cent percent Subsidy.

10- Renovation of Tank Community Rs. 03.00 Cent percent Subsidy

[ 102 ]

Work Lakh

293. It is clear from the above table that for creating own sources of irrigation on an average one third of the total cost of the project is being provided as one time subsidy to the cultivators. The balance two third cost is being borne by the cultivator in the shape of loan or from his own resource. The maintenance of individual minor irrigation works is done by the owner/cultivators themselves where as the maintenance of the community work is done by the concerned Gram Panchayat. The Government does not have to spend on maintenance of Minor Irrigation Works. The subsidy provided on these works, acts as a catalyst for speedy development.

Status of Minor Irrigation Works

294. Under “Free Boring Scheme” since Feb 1985, 32.32 lakh boring have already been done up to 31.03.2007 . The Status of other minor irrigation works up to 31.03.2007 is as under:-

S.N. Item Unit Total

1. Dug Wells Nos. 126084

2. Pump sets on Surface Water “ 23198

3. Shallow Tube wells " 3895442

A. Electric driven ‘’ 472946

B. Diesel driven ‘’ 3321005

C Others " 101491

4. Deep Tube Wells ‘’ 14694

5. Medium Deep Tube wells " 2684

6. Artisan Wells ‘’ 668

7 . Free Borings " 3232364

A General Category " 1985849

B. SC/ST " 1246515

Contribution of Free Boring Scheme

295. The Free Boring Scheme is having a major role in increasing irrigation potential and agriculture production in the State. It is clear from, above table that the net irrigated area of private tube wells which was at the level of 50.86 lakh hect. in the year 1985 has tremendously increased to the level of 89.78 lakh hect. in March 2004 which shows that 38.92 lakh hect. area has been added in this period, which is 76.5 percent.

Availability of Ground Water

[ 103 ]

296. As per available data Zone wise ground water recharge, exploitation and stage of development in different regions of the state is given below:-

(Million ha. m.)S.N. Zone Ground Water

RechargeAnnual Ground water exploitation

Balance Ground Water

Stage of Development (Percentage)

1 2 3 4 5 61 East 2.54 1.68 0.86 662 West 2.58 2.05 0.53 793 Central 1.45 0.96 0.49 664 Bundelkhand 0.44 0.19 0.25 43

Total 7.01 4.88 2.13 * 69 * Out of this 1.95 Million ha. m is available for irrigation purpose.

297. At present 37 blocks are over-exploited, 13 blocks are critical and 88 blocks are semi critical and 675 blocks are in safe categories as per stage of ground water development.

Creation of Irrigation Potential

298. The irrigation potential from Minor Irrigation works at the starting 1 st five year plan was only 14.44 lakh hect. As per 3rd Censes of Minor Irrigation Works Conducted by Govt. of India in the base year 2000-01 the actual irrigation potential created through Minor Irrigation Works came to 158.97 lakh hectares. The position expected at the end of 10 th Five Year Plan, after taking consideration, depreciation of M. I. Works @ 1% as per 3rd Census of M.I. works, is given below:-

Slink Item Plan Period Irrigation Potential Created (In Lakh hectares)

During Plan Period

Depreciation @ 1%

Net

1 2 3 4 5 6(i) 3rd M.I.

Census2000-01 - - 158.97

(ii) 2001-02 3.61 1.58 161.00(iii) 2002-03 3.83 1.61 163.22(iv) 2003-04 2.92 1.63 164.51(v) 2004-05 3.41 1.64 166.28(vi) 2005-06 4.00 1.66 168.62(vii) 2006-07 3.95 1.68 170.89

Proposed Work in Annual Plan 2008-09

[ 104 ]

299. The following Minor Irrigation works are being proposed during Annual Plan 2008-09 under continuing schemes as well as under new schemes. The Following schemes are proposed in 11 th Five Year Plan:-

Sl.No. Name of Work Physical Targets

Financial Target (Rs.

Crore) *

Required Outlay Rs.

Crore

1-Continuing Schemes Small & Marginal farmers Programme (Free Boring Scheme)

201780 115.00 115.00

2- Private Minor Irrigation2.1 Deep Tube Well 24,00 24.00 24.002.2 Medium Tube Well 4706 40.00 40.002.3 In well Boring 192 0.144 0.1442.4a Construction of Blast Well 200 0.10 0.102.4b Deepening- of Blast Wells 200 0.024 0.0242.5 Surface Pump set 1000 0.30 0.302.6 Artesian Well 100 0.05 0.052.7 Boring Go down 3 0.48 0.482.8 Ground Water Recharging/ Check

dam88 11.00 11.00

2.9 Machinery & equipment - 2.00 2.00(3) Centrally sponsored schemes (i) Degree/Diploma Stipend 50:50 - 0.10 0.05 (ii) Statistical cell 100% - 0.375 -

Total 193.573 193.1482. New Schemes (a) Capacity building (i) E-governance - 4.58 4.58 (ii) Research & Design 1 0.592 0.592 (iii) Technical Audit Cell 1 0.63 0.63 (b) Construction of Community Blast

Well under RIDF-13 and deepening of existing Blast Wells for Mahoba District

198 4.60 4.60

(c) Census of Minor Irrigation Works 100%

- 2.032 -

(d) Dr. Bhimrao Ambedakar Tube well schemes

400 17.20 17.20

(e) Dr. Ambedakar Comunity Tube well schemes

200 4.30 4.30

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Total 33.934 31.902Grand Total 227.507 225.05

* The amount is as per present subsidy rates.

Community Blast Well Scheme

300. In rocky areas of the state where free boring scheme for benefit of small and marginal farmers is not possible, a scheme namely community blast well scheme is proposed to be launched to provide irrigation facilities. One blast well of six meter dia and 15 m depth, costs Rs. 2.96 lakh. The scheme will be implemented in 41 Blocks of districts namely Lalitpur, Jhansi, Mahoba, Chitrakoot, Sonbhadra, Allahabad, Mirzapur, Agra and Chanduli which are rocky. For the first time as a Pilot Scheme all the 4 rocky blocks of Mahoba district have been taken up in which 300 New Community Blast Wells will be constructed and 295 existing Blast wells will be deepened. A total amount of Rs. 1184.19 lakh will be required for this scheme 1785 hect. additional irrigation potential will be created.

301. For better management of irrigation, a medium rain gun and a pump set will also be installed on each blast well, The unit cost of this asset is Rs. 64000/- One unit to each group of cultivators will be made available on 50% subsidy. The proposal for Annual Plan 2008-09 is Rs-10 Lakh for new Blast Well and 2.40 Lakh for Deepning of old Well by Blasting.

Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedekar Tube well Scheme

302. For the alluvial areas of Utter Pradesh a scheme named Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedekar tube well scheme is launched with hundred percent grant from special component plan to benefit farmers of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The tube well constructed under the scheme will have irrigation potential to irrigate 20 hact. Land. The unit cost of construction of the tube well will be Rs. 4.30 Lakh. For the constructions of tube well land measuring 25 Sq.mt. will be donated by the farmer to Irrigation committee of the village panchayat. The tube well will be the asset of village panchayat instead of specific individual farmers. In this scheme minimum 51% beneficiaries will be from schedule cast and schedule tribe. Gram panchyat/water users committee will collect irrigation charges from farmers and deposit it in the account of irrigation committee. In 11 th five year plan 2014 tube wells will be constructed as a cost of Rs. 8660.20 Lakh. And 400 tube wells will be constructed at a cost of Rs. 1720 lakk. in the financial year 2008-09.

Dr. Ambedekar Community tube well scheme

303. Dr. Ambedekar community tube well scheme has also been proposed under the general schemes of minor Irrigation programs of Uttar Pradesh for the areas having hard and deep strata, where free boring schemes are not possible. The tube well will have irrigation capacity of 20 hect. The unit cost of construction will be Rs. 4.30 lakh. There will be a minimum of 51% users from the category of small & marginal farmers and priority would be given to the farmers belonging to schedule cast/schedule tribes/OBC/Minority category/below poverty line & other farmers. In this scheme subsidy of 50% up to

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maximum of Rs. 2.15 lakh will be provided. Operation and maintenance of the scheme will be done by users committee.

304. In 11th five year plan a construction of 1800 tube well costing Rs. 3870.00 lakh proposed from the scheme and in financial year 2008-09 the 200 tube wells costing Rs. 430.00 is proposed to construct in the scheme.

Private Investment

305. Private Minor Irrigation Works are maintained and owned by cultivators themselves, Subsidy is provided to them to act as a catalyst. The main programme of Private Minor Irrigation is, installation of Shallow Tube Wells for which the average cost is Rs. 25.0000 but govt. is providing subsidy to the tune of about Rs.75,000 only hence 2/3rd investment is done by cultivators themselves in cash or through Institutional Finance. The details of private investment in each programme is given below:-

(Rs. in crore)Sl.No. Item Five Year Plan 2007-2012 Annual Plan 2008-2009

Target Financial Req. through Govt.

Private Investment

Target Financial Req. through Govt.

Private Investment

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 81-

(1)

Continuing Schemes Small & Marginal farmers Programme (Free Boring Scheme)

11,00,000 640.257 603.56 201780 115.00 108.41

(2) Deep Tube Well

24,000 240.00 480.00 2400 24.00 48.00

(3) Medium Tube Well

28235 240.00 282.35 4706 40.00 47.06

(4) In well Boring 2,500 1.875 10.62 192 0.144 1.025-a Construction of

Blast Well1,000 0.50 6.50 200 0.10 1.30

5-b Deepening- of Blast Wells

1,000 0.12 0.52 200 0.024 0.10

(6) Surface Pump set

5,000 1.50 8.00 1,000 0.30 1.60

(7) Artesian Well 500 0.25 0.25 100 0.05 0.05

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TOTAL 1124.502 1391.80 179.618 207.54

306. The main objective of the Annual Plan 2008-09 is to provide all the small and marginal farmers having land holding above 0.2 ha with a irrigation source so that they may become self sufficient in irrigation excepting rockey and difficult areas.

State Minor Irrigation

307. Minor irrigation works are the most important inputs of assured irrigation in areas where construction of large gravity canals is not feasible and in areas left out of command of such canals. Minor Irrigation works, based on ground water, are also a means of conjunctive use of surface and ground water. These works help to increase the intensity of cropping and productivity of different crops. These works with a short gestation period, provide quick irrigation facilities. These schemes benefit mainly small and marginal farmers, who are not in a position to have their own source of irrigation. State Minor Irriation works can broadly be classified as follows:-

State Tubewells Minor Lift Canals Other Minor Irrigation works such as Bundhies, Check Dams, Small bandhs.

Status of Creation of Irrigation Potential

308. The total irrigation potential created in the state through State Minor Irrigation works, in the pre-plan period was 4.82 lakh hectares. The state continued to lay stress on developing the irrigation potential, through State Minor Irrigation works during different plan periods. The irrigation potential through State Minor Irrigation works increased from 4.82 lakh hectares to 37.54 lakh hectares at the end of Tenth Five Year Plan. Thus during the plan period i.e. upto Tenth Five Year Plan, Irrigation potential by State Minor Irrigation works has increased by 778 percent.

Creation of Irrigation Potential in Tenth Plan

309. The State Government of U.P. finally fixed an outlay of Rs. 256.25 Crores for Tenth Five Year Plan for plains only. Against the above outlay, the corresponding expenditure for State Minor Irrigation work was Rs 472.83 crores, resulting in 0.49 lakh hectare irrigation potential.

310. The thrust is now on stabilization / restoration of existing infrastructure of State Minor Irrigation works. In view of the above, priority is being given to the completion of distribution system on State Tubewells, reconstruction of failed tubewells, renovation of derelict guls of state tubewells and replacement of wornout equipments on the tubewells. Accordingly projects are being sanctioned from

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NABARD for stabilization/ restoration of existing irrigation potential. In the Tenth Five Year Plan 1.28 lakh hectares of stabilization /restoration of irrigation potential shall be achieved.

Status of State Minor Irrigation Works

311. The state tubewells are means to provide assured round the year irrigation in their command areas. In the pre plan period 2343 State tubewells were energized, since then construction of state tubewells in all districts of plains in the state has been carried out at a steady pace and 32336 state tubewells were energized upto 31.3.2000. The actual number of state tubewsells in operation as on 1.4.2000 were 29215 out of which on account of creation of new State Uttaranchal 664 state tubewells in operation were transferred to Uttaranchal and as on 1.4.2000 only 28551 state tubewells were in operation . As on 1.4.2007, 28366 state tubewells are in operation.

312. To implement the policy of decentralization the state tubewells located in the villages were handed over to Gram Panchayats in the month of July, 1999. The operation of tubewells and water distribution was being managed by Gram Panchayats. All the tubewells operators and Part time Tubewell Operators were transferred to Gram Panchayats. The Gram Panchayats were entrusted with the responsibility of running of state tubewells, water management, recording of irrigation, fixation of irrigation dues and collection of irrigation dues. Recently all state tubewells alongwith tubewell operators have been received back from Gram Panchayats and they are being maintained by Irrgaiton Department as before.

313. 243 Minor Lift Pump Canals are in operation in the state at present. The total capacity of these canals is 3703.40 Cusecs having C.C.A. of 1.68 lakh hectares, against which about 1.00 lakh hectares of irrigation is being achieved.

Gap Between Creation & Actual Utilization Of Irrigation Potential

State Tubewells

314. The performance of state tubewells has gone down slightly during the last 10 years while in 1994-95 actual area of about 50 hectares per tubewell has been irrigated. The main reasons for non utilization of irrigation potential are as given below:

Less availability of power.

Incomplete water Distribution System.

Depleted condition of Guls on tubewells.

The equipment installed on state tubewells, which have completed their normal life require replakhement.

Back log of about 800 failed state tubewells which

require reconstruction.

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Small Lift Pump Canals

315. About 59% of the C.C.A of small lift pump canals is being irrigated at present. The main reasons for non utilization of irrigation potential of lift pump canals are as given below:-

Less availability of power.

The Distribution system of these canals require strengthening.

Status of Ground Water Development

316. The level of exploration of Ground Water in the state is only 69%. There is still a lot of scope of Ground Water exploration in the state. However the level of Ground Water Development is not equally distributed in the state. It is therefore necessary that the ground water development should be carefully planned and ground water recharge should be strengthened. Artificial recharge projects are also required to be given priority such as checked dams, small bandhs, bandhis & top roof rain water harvesting schemes.

Conjunctive Use Of Water Resources

317. It is high time now that serious thinking is to be given for the conjunctive use of surface and ground water resources for optimum benefits on the basin wise or sub basin wise schemes. There are conflicting demands of water resources by its various users. The highest priority is required to be given to drinking water followed by irrigation and industry. Therefore, it has become necessary that the allocation of water resource to various users are done on the basis of their future assessments. The coordination between various users of water regarding exchange of, basic data, pilot studies research & development, training, sustainable management of Ground Water etc., is at all more necessary. The state has recently constituted a “ State Water Board “ which will play a key role in this matter.

Strategy For Eleventh Five Year Plan ( 2007-2012)

318. During Eleventh Five Year Plan an outlay of Rs.1245.00 Crores has been proposed for completion of irrigation schemes.

Creation of 3.60 lakh hectares of irrigation potential has been proposed.

Emphasis has been given to restoration of already created irrigation potential during Eleventh Plan. Restoration of 2.43 lakh hectares of irrigation potential has been proposed.

To increase the coverage under irrigation, restoration and upgradation of the already created assets have been proposed to be completed during Eleventh Plan.

Schemes have been proposed almost in all regions of the State specially in backward area to reduce regional imbalance.

New concept of participatory irrigation management has been introduced by constituting WATER USERS ASSOCIATION on minor lift canals and JAL PRABANDHAN SAMITIs on state tubewells. About 302 Water Users Association on all minors of minor lift pump canals

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and 35 on distributories of minor lift canals have been constituted for their participation in irrigation management. These association are conducting meetings at Block head quarters for disposal of problems regarding irrigation management and maintenance of channels.

There were 4 ongoing irrigation projects under State Minor IrrigatIon Sector in the beginning of Tenth Five Year Plan, out of which 4 projects have already been completed. During Tenth Plan 13 new projects have been started out of which 6 projects have been completed during Tenth Plan. During Eleventh Plan balance 7 ongoing projects are likely to be completed. Besides this 12 new projects have been proposed to be included in Eleventh Plan and are likely to be completed during the Plan period.

6 Number ongoing projects, Nabard aided, such as 4 small Bundhs of Bundelkhand Region and reconstruction of 450 state tubewells and new construction of tubewells under 1000

Chaudhary Charan Singh Tubewell Schemes shall be completed during Year 2007-08.

Expenditure & Irriigation Potential creation of State Minor Irrigation

Rs. in Crore Irrigation creation in lakh hect.

Sl.

No.

Plan Period Expenditure Potential Creation

Additional Cummulative Additional Cummulative

1 Before Planning 0 0 4.82 4.82

2 First Plan (1951-56) 17.25 17.25 3.92 8.74

3 Second Plan (1956-61) 13.30 30.55 4.34 13.08

4 Third Plan (1961-66) 37.10 67.65 3.48 16.56

5 Three Annual Plan (1966-69)

42.97 110.62 1.31 17.87

6 Fourth Plan(1969-74) 78.62 189.24 1.43 19.30

7 Fifth Plan(1974-78) 94.38 283.62 4.00 23.13

8 Annual Plan(1978-80) 68.42 352.04 2.86 26.16

9 Sixth Plan (1980-85) 278.01 630.05 7.16 33.32

10 Seventh Plan (1985-90) 597.10 1227.15 5.55 38.87

11 Annual Plan(1990-91) 120.60 1347.75 0.62 39.49

12 Annual Plan(1991-92) 63.19 1410.94 0.56 40.05

13 Eight Plan (1992-97) 424.54 1835.48 0.80 40.85

14 Ninth Plan (1997-2002) 226.05 2061.53 0.42 37.05

15 Tenth Plan (2002-07) 472.83 2534.36 0.49 37.54

16 Annual Plan(2007-08) (Anticipated)

206.65 2741.01 0.72 38.26

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17 Annual Plan(2008-09) (Proposed)

229.06 2970.07 0.34 38.60

Construction Of 3000 Nos New State Tubewells (Financed By Nabard) Phase-II

319. The cost of Rs 368.00 Crores is sanctioned by NABARD for construction of 3000 New tubewells

each of 1 cusec capacity in Phase-II during the Eleventh Plan creating 150 .00 th. hectares of irrigation

potential. These tubewells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A.

each. revised cost is Rs 448.54 Crore.. Rs 81.10 crore for construction of 665 stws & 33.25 th hect

irrigation potential is likely to be created during year 2007-08. An outlay for year 2008-09 is Rs 100.16

crore for construction of 670 stws & 33.50 th hect irrigation potential is likely to be created after

energisation of stws.

Modernization Of 800 State Tubewells ( To Be Financed By Nabard)

320. Total cost of Rs. 115.15 Crores has been proposed for reconstruction of about 800 tubewells

during the Eleventh Plan to be financed by NABARD. About 0.80 lakh hectares of irrigation potential is

likely to be restored. Proposed outlay for the year 2008-09 is Rs 35.98 crores for the reconstruction of 250

stw & 25.00 th hec likely to be restored after energisation.

Modernisation Of 3100 Nos. Of State Tubewells

321. The Cost of Rs. 30.88 crore has been sanctioned by NABARD for Modernization of Distribution

Systems of 1500 State Tubewells and Installation of New Pump Sets on 750 State Tubewells during

Eleventh Plan. As a result 0.14 lakh hectares of irrigation potential is likely to be restored. Revised cost of

project is Rs 40.19 crores. During the year 2007-08 is Rs 15.18 Crore is proposed which will restored

irrigation potential of 7.046 th hect. During the year 2008-09 an allocation of Rs. 26.35 crore is proposed.

This will further restored an additional irrigation potential of 7.354 th hect.

Modernisation Of 11000 Stws (To Be Financed By Nabard)

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322. Total cost of Rs. 158.17 Crores for the Modernization of 11000 STws to be Financed by

NABARD and irrigation potential of 110.00 th hect. is likely to be restored after completion of project.

During the year 2008-09 an allocation of Rs. 25.01 crore is proposed. This will further restored an

additional irrigation potential of 2.03 th hect. Details of Expenditure, creation and restoration during Tenth/

Eleventh Plan and Proposed Outlay of Annual Plan 2008-09 is as yearwise shown below:Potential in Th. Hect.

Rs. in Crore.Plan Year Outlay Expenditure Irrigation portential Total

irrigationpotential

creation RestorationTarget creation Target restoratio

n1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9TENTH PLAN(2002-07)

2002-03 18.08

69.60

2.31

188.15

12.02 14.332003-04

256.25

37.88 2.27 31.86 34.132004-05 78.19 9.65 21.40 31.052005-06 99.11 5.90 20.74 26.642006-07 239.57 29.30 42.13 71.43TOTAL 472.83 49.43 128.15 177.58

Eleventh Plan (2007-12) Outlay

2007-12 1245.00 360.44 243.10 603.54

Annual Plan(2007-08) Outlay

2007-08 206.65 71.66 59.94

Annual Plan (2008-09)Proposed Outlay

2008-09 229.06 34.10 70.58

Command Area Development

323. In early seventies, it was felt that there was a big gap between irrigation potential created and utilization, obtained under the irrigated areas were lower in comparison to other countries . The main reason for low productivity was realized to be lack of irrigated and co-ordinated approach to irrigation water utilization at farm level, for obtaining optimum production from irrigated land. Keeping in view the problem, a centrally sponsored C.A.D.W.M. was initiated during 1974-75 in Uttar Pradesh . The programme is being taken up as a scheme on a sharing basis 50:50 between Central & State Govt.

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324. The objective of Command Area Development Programme is to utilize the irrigation potential created in selected major medium and minor irrigation projects and to increase the crop production and productivity in Command Area at Present fifteen Irrigation projects under this scheme have been taken up in the State i.e. Sharda Canal, Saryoo Canal, Narainpur Canal & Devkali Pump Canal, in (Sharda Command) & East Yamuna Canal, East Ganga Canal, Ramganga, Betwa & Gursarai, Cane Canal, Upper Ganga Canal, Madhya Ganga Canal, Gyanpur Pump Canal, Belan, Tons Pump, Sone Pump, Tumariya Pump Canal System. (Ram Ganga Command)

325. In this Programme of "ON FARM DEVELOPMENT" works which include construction of Earthen Guls, Lining of Trunk Guls, Construction of Water Control Structures and Drainage Channels are carried out in each Kulaba command. The Enforcement of proper system of "Warabandi" & equitable distribution of water to individual fields and encouraging farmers for Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) are also important components of the programme. The working group constituted by the Planning Commission Government of India on CAD Programmes of the Eleventh Five Year Plan has recommended a ratio of 50:40:10. It is mandatory to contribute ten percent of the total cost of expenditure to the beneficiary in the form of cash or labour.

326. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12), it is proposed that an area of 570 thousand hectare will be taken up for field channel construction, 1.50 thousand hectare for constructing field drains, 570 thousand hectare for Warabandi and 27.5 thousand hectare for water logged areas and demonstration in farmers fields. Training to functionaries and farmers will be organized for the successful implementation of the program as per requirements.

327. For the execution of the OFD activities as proposed above during the Eleventh Plan an amount Rs. 57000 lakh will be required for fields channels, Rs. 6000 lakh for field drains, Rs. 3828 lakh for Warabandi and Rs. 4125 lakh for reclamation of water logged areas in irrigated commands. Besides an amount of Rs. 250 lakh will be required for adaptive -trial and demonstration and Rs. 80 lakh for training to functionaries and farmers. Rs. 8720 lakh for system of deficiency & Rs. 825 Lakh for renovation of irrigation tanks has been proposed during Eleventh Plan.

328. Additional components which have been recommended to be teken up by working group in the Eleventh Plan:

Correction of System deficiencies/rehabilitation and modernization of the irrigation system.

Provision for linking/management of collector, intermediate and main drainage systembelow field drains.

Participatory irrigation management (PIM). Setting up viable Sustainable WUAs and transfer of system including maintenance, management and collection of water charges.

Cent percent assistance of dissemination of technical know how.

Renovation & desalting of existing irrigation times including the irrigation system & control structure.

Use of specific bio-drainage techniques for reclamation of water logged areas.

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329. For the Eleventh Five year Plan (2007-12) an outlay of Rs. 40000 lakh has been fixed. In the year 2006-07 an expenditure of Rs.5447.96 lakh incurred as State Share and Rs. 5447.96 lakh as Central Share by which physical achievement of O.F.D. works and Osrabandi works are 77.81 thousand hectare. Respectively In the year (2007-08), an expenditure of 5446.00 lakh has been incurred by which the physical achievement of OFD works and osrabandi works are 46420 hectare and 50700 hectare respectively till November , 2007.

330. During the Annual Plan (2008-09) it is proposed that an area of 114 thousand hectare, will be taken up for field channel construction, 3 thousand hectare for field drains, 114 thousand hectare for warabandi, 5.5 thousand hectare for water logged area treatment. In addition to this, demonstrations on the farmers fields, adaptive trials, training and evaluation studies and participatory irrigation management will also be taken up. For Annual Plan 2007-08 an outlay of Rs. 5446 lakh has been provided as state share to meet the Physical target of OFD and Osrabandi work. An outlay of Rs. 60.00 crore has been fixed for the year 2008-09.

331. To ensure effective peoples participation . Kulaba Prabandh Samities will be made more effective and functional . Involvement of beneficiaries in water management will be ensured through participatory irrigation management. To legalize the W.U.A. essential correction in irrigation NICD Act. 1873 and PIM model Act. is being made by Irrigation Department. Stress will be laid on the establishing inter-sectoral and intra-sectoral linkages and to ensure this effective convergence will be made with agriculture and allied departments includings irrigation.

Flood Control

332. Uttar Pradesh is situated in Northern part of India and in terms of area, it is 4 th biggest state of India. It has a geographical area of 240.93 lakh hactare, out of which flood prone area is 73.06 lakh hactare. The protectable area is about 58.42 lakh ha. only which can be protected from flood and drainage congestion by constructing various flood management works.

333. Financial input and physical outcome up to end of 4 th Five Years Plan and onwards are given below-

Five Year Plan Marginal Embankments/ Drains (Km.) cumulative

City protection

works (no.) cumulative

No. of villages Raised

cumulative

Land Protected (lakh ha.)

cumulative

Expenditure (Rs in crore)

cumulativeUpto end of 4th

five year plan989 41 4500 6.16 41.80

5th five year plan 1389 12433 58 4500 11.56 120.006th five year plan 1666 12748 64 4500 13.67 206.607th five year plan 1811 23929 14.87 300.36

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8th five year plan 1878 13015 15.40 396.579th five year plan 1918 13183 64 4511 15.79 495.00

Note- All the figures are cumlative.

334. In the 10th Five Year Plan, (2002-07). an expenditure of Rs. 910.65 crore was incurred. In 11 th

Five Year Plan (2007-12), the physical and financial progress is given as under.

335. The proposed outlay of Rs. 330.79 crore for the annual plan 2007-08, againsed which the target

for completing 60 km embankment construction, 300 km. construction of Drains. and 0.60 lakh hect. land

to be protected against flood and water logging and the progress of the work is as per the target given.

Above expendiyure includes Rs. 9.00 crore central grant and Rs. 89.06 crore financed by NABARD.

336. The proposed outlay of Rs. 344.70 crore for the annual plan 2008-09 against which 60 km

embankment construction, 300 km. construction of Drains. and 190 no. Anti-erosion works are to be

completed and 0.60 lakh hect. land is to be protected against flood and water logging. It includes Rs.

110.25 crore loan for NABARD schemes, State share of Rs. 8.45 crores for centrally sponsored schemes.

Central Assistance/ Grant of Rs. 25.35 crores is not included in this amount of Rs. 344.70 crores.

337. On an average approximately 26.89 lakh land is affected by flood every year and there is a total

loss of Rs. 432.20 crores in U.P on account of flood. State wise Fund allotment by the Government of

India during 10th Plan period (2002-07) is given below-

(Rs. in crore)

Name of States Central Share State Share Total Cost

A: STATES

Uttaranchal 4.00 1.33 5.33

Uttar Pradesh 32.56 10.85 43.41

Bihar 65.84 21.95 87.79

Jharkhand 4.30 1.44 5.74

West Bengal 51.00 17.00 68.00

Himachal Pradesh 4.32 1.44 5.76

Sub Total- A 162.02 54.01 216.03

B: FARAKKA BARAGE PROJECT

FBP 89.00 0.00 89.00

GRAND TOTAL 251.02 54.01 305.03

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Area affected due to flood in different states of the country

(Area in lakh hect.)Flood affected area Protected

areaPercentag

eBalance area Percentage

India 346.16 186.39 54% 159.77 46%Uttar Pradesh 73.36/ 58.72

(Protected area)18.29 31.15% 40.43 68.86%

Bihar & Jharkhand 64.61/ 42.60(Protect able area)

- 58% - -

Punjab 37.00 - 76% - -Rajasthan 32.60 - - - -Haryana 32.50 - 77.6% - -West Bengal 37.66 - 76.50% - -Assam 31.50 - - - -

338. From the above table ,it is obvious that the ratio of the protected area in U.P. is less in comparision to other states. The main reason for this may be attributed to the lower central share allocated to U.P. in comparision with other States like Bihar & West Bengal.The population of the State is expected to be 30.13 cr. in 2025.In these circumstances it is essential to reclaim additional land for agricultural purposes by adopting protective measures against waterlogging and flooded area.

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Annexure-1 MILK PRODUCTION IN MAJOR STATES ( Year 2005-2006)

S.N. STATES Milk Production(Lakh Mt. Tonnes)

1. Uttar Pradesh 173.562. Punjab 89.093. Rajasthan 87.134. Andhra Pradesh 76.245. Gujarat 69.606. Maharashtra 67.697. Madhya Pradesh 62.838. Tamil Nadu 54.749. Haryana 52.9910. Bihar 50.6011. NATIONAL 971.00

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Annexure-2 EGG PRODUCTION IN MAJOR STATES (Year 2005-2006)

S.N. STATES Egg Production(Lakh No.)

1. Andhra Pradesh 1645342. Tamil Nadu 622253. Maharashtra 352274. Punjab 352005. West Bengal 296376. Karnataka 183487. Bihar 100128. Kerala 119569. Madhya Pradesh 941410. Uttar Pradesh 922811. NATIONAL 462307

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Annexure-3 WOOL PRODUCTION IN MAJOR STATES (Year 2005-2006)

S.N. STATES Wool Production(Lakh Kg.)

1. Rajasthan 154.052. Jammu & Kashmir 74.003. Karnataka 55.004. Andhra Pradesh 39.785. Gujarat 31.236. Maharashtra 16.407. Himachal Pradesh 16.038. Uttar Pradesh 14.599. Haryana 11.3610. Tamil Nadu 7.5011. NATIONAL 449.00

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Annexure-4 MEAT PRODUCTION IN MAJOR STATES (Year 2005-06)

S.N. STATES Meat Production(000 Tonnes)

1. West Bengal 336.192. Maharashtra 236.283. Uttar Pradesh 198.364. Andhra Pradesh 189.245. Bihar 176.006. Karnataka 89.007. Haryana 73.278. Nagaland 63.259. Kerala 55.9210. Orissa 52.0411. NATIONAL 2310.00

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