Chapter-4

Human Development in Uttar Pradesh

The traditional way of measuring the quality of life of the people is based on the theory of "trickle down effect" which anticipates that economic growth will improve the levels of living of all the groups of the population over time and space. For this purpose, economic growth rate and the per-capita income have been considered as a common indicator to asses the general standard of living. But these have proved inadequate. Hence, the idea of Human Development has been developed in the early 1990s to measure the quality of life of the masses.

2. Human Development has been defined as the process of enlarging people's choices. Conceptually, human development is the combination of people's enlitlements and actual attainments in the crucial aspects of their lives: education, health and livelihoods etc. Thus, the concept of human development places people at the centre instead of macro level achievements. The human development approach basically identifies three essential areas in which enlargement of peoples choics must take place. These are for people to lead a long and healthy life, to acquire knowledge and to have access to the resources necessary for a decent standard of living. As pointed out by the 1995 HDR, human development has two sides. One is the formation of human capabilities- such as improved health, knowledge and skills. The other is the use of acquired capabilities for leisure and being active.

3. Briefly, there are four essential components of the human development paradigm viz. Productivity, Equity, Sustainability and Empowerment. Thus, HDR proposes composite indices that go beyond income based measures. The Human Development Index (HDI), Gender Development Index (GDI) Gender Empowerment Measures (GEM) and Human Poverty Index (HPI) have been introduced in various Human Development Reports since 1990. These composite indices basically highlight the need to remove human deprivation on a priority basis- a purpose for which the HDI is more suitable than only GDP as a measure.

4. The list of variables used in constructing Human Development Indices are enumerated in the following table:

Table 1: Variables Used in Constructing Human Development IndicesDimensions UP HDR II NHDR UNDP HDR (2006)1. Human Development Index (HDI) a) Income Adjusted Per Capita

Income at constant prices in PPP in $

Inflation and inequality adjusted per capita consumption expenditure

Per Capita Income at constrant prices in PPP in $

b) Education Literacy (7+) Literacy (7+)Intensity of formal education

1. Literacy age 15 and above2. Gross Enrolment Ratio of school education

c) Health Infant Mortality Rate Life expectancy at age 1IMR

Life expectancy at age 0

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Dimensions UP HDR II NHDR UNDP HDR (2006)2. Human Poverty Index (HPI-1)/Deprivation Index (UPHDR II)1. Health Percentage of persons

not expected to survive beyond age 40

Percentage persons not expected to survive to age 40.

2. Education Illiterates (age 7+ years)Percentage of 6-18 year old children not in school

Percentage of illiterates (age 15 years and above)

3. Economic Deprivation and Basic Provisioning

1.Deprivation in Quality of Housing2.Deprivation in Access to Water3.Deprivation in Good Sanitation4.Deprivation in Electricity Lighting

Percentage of people below poverty linePercent not receiving medical attention at birth/children not fully vaccinatedPercent of population living in kutcha housesPercent without access to basic amenities

Percentage of people without access to safe waterPercentage of people without access to health servicesPercentage of moderately and severely underweight children under 5.

3. Gender related Development Index/Gender Equality Index (GDI/GEI)1. Economic Opportunity

Male and female wages and workforce participation rates in conjunction with per capita income (female and male earned income share)

Workforce Participation Rate

Male and female wages and workforce participation rates in conjunction with per capita income (female and male earned income share)

2. Education As in HDI As in HDI As in HDI3. Health As in HDI As in HDI As in HDI

Status Of Human Development Index in U.P.

5. After the formation of Uttarakhand, the status of Human Development Indices for Uttar Pradesh has been computed for the year 2001 and 2005 which is given in Table -2 below:

Table 2: Human Development Index for Major States for 2001 and 2005Based on UPHDR II Methodology

States 2001 2005Value Rank Value Rank

Andhra Pradesh 0.6220 9 0.6388 10Assam 0.5831 12 0.6523 9Bihar 0.5200 17 0.5538 17Chhatisgarh 0.5976 11 0.6269 11Gujarat 0.6663 6 0.7073 6Haryana 0.6587 8 0.6875 7Jharkhand 0.6005 10 0.6257 12

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States 2001 2005Value Rank Value Rank

Karnataka 0.6646 7 0.6814 8Kerala 0.8118 1 0.8243 1Madhya Pradesh 0.5582 14 0.5902 14Maharashtra 0.7241 2 0.7513 2Orissa 0.5405 16 0.5863 15Punjab 0.6943 4 0.7245 4Rajasthan 0.5796 13 0.5957 13Tamilnadu 0.6995 3 0.7348 3Uttar Pradesh 0.5426 15 0.5724 16West Bengal 0.6696 5 0.7109 5India 0.6281 0.6639

Source: Computed for the Report

6. From the above table, it can be seen that among 17 major states of the country, U.P. ranked 15 in 2001 and 16 in 2005. Though, the rank of Uttar Pradesh slipped down yet there is an increase of 7 percentage point in the absolute value of the index from 0.5426 in 2001 to 0.5724 in 2005.

7. It is clear that human development index in Uttar Pradesh has improved significantly over the years, but its rank is low among the major states. Therefore, there is still a long way to go in the direction of improving HDI in U.P. for which concerted efforts are needed. In the Eleventh Plan, the state government has laid great emphasis on improvement in Human Development Indices especially those relating to education, health and nutrition sectors.

Education

Basic Education

8. From the ancient times, education has been an integral part of our culture and civilization. Educational institutions were established to impart education to the people to foster the cultural legacy. From that time to present time, the importance of education has been well recognized and now the knowledge, skills, creative abilities talents and aptitude of the people have become the real resource of the nation.

9. There has been a renewed focus in recent years on universal elementary education (UEE) with the commitment of the Central Government reflected in the form of 93rd amendment of the Constitution making education a fundamental right.

10. In pursuance of the national polices, various initiatives have been taken by the State Government in the education sector and this is reflected in the rate of growth of literacy mentioned below in the table:-

Table: Growth of literacy in U.P. and all IndiaYear U.P. India

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Male Female Total Male Female Total

1951 17.3 3.6 10.8 25.0 7.9 16.71961 27.3 7.0 17.7 34.5 12.9 24.0

1971 36.7 12.5 25.4 39.5 18.7 29.51981 44.5 16.3 31.4 56.5 29.9 43.7

1991 55.73 25.31 41.6 64.1 39.3 52.2

2001 68.8 42.2 56.3 75.3 53.7 64.8

11. From the table, it can be seen that literacy percentage in the State. increased from 10.8% in 1951 to 56.3% in 2001 and thus, it witnessed growth of more than five times, in five decades. The corresponding increase at all India level was about four times only. The State's male and female literacy percentage also witnessed higher growth than at the all India level. It reveals that UP is a fast growing state in respect of literacy. However, the level of literacy in the State is still below all India average.

10th Five Year Plan;

12. Basic education comprises two levels namely, primary level (class 1-5) and upper primary level (Class 6-8). The boys and girls of age group 6-14 years are being imparted education at these levels. The total expenditure during Tenth Five Year Plan on basic education was Rs. 273328.08 lakh.

Enrolment

13. The status of enrolment during the Tenth Plan, Annual Plan 2007-08 and proposed target for Annual Plan 2008-09 are given below: -

(In lakh)Class Tenth Plan

LevelAnnual Plan 2007-08 Annual Plan

2008-09Target Anticipated

AchievementProposed Target

1-5 264.78 268.75 268.75 272.786-8 91.55 93.83 93.83 96.18

Thrust areas for 11th Five Year Plan;

14. Universalization of the elementary education (class 1 to 8) by the end of 2012.

To bring the teacher-pupil ratio to 1:40.

Provision of 5 rooms and 5 teachers/ Shiksha Mitras in each primary school.

Provision of 4 rooms, 5 teachers and one laboratory in the upper Primary school.

Focus on quality improvement.

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Provision of one additional hand pump in every primary school.

To achieve the85% literacy level in the State.

To reduce the present gender gap in literacy from 26.40 per cent to 10 per cent.

To bring down the drop -out rate in primary level to 5 percent.

Thrust areas for Annual Plan 2008-09

To saturate the schooling facility in unserved habitations.

To strengthen school infrastructure including basic activities.

To bring down the teacher-pupil ratio from 1:55 to 1:50

Provision of separate rooms for each class.

Focus on quality improvement.

Reduce gender gap in enrolment and literacy.

Sarva Siksha Abhivan

15. It is a centrally sponsored scheme for universalization of elementary education. Government of India provides 65% as central share and 35% is given by the State government. For the year 2008-09 an outlay of Rs. 1800.00 crore is proposed

Alternative Education Programme-

16. For 2007-08, 4349 Education Guarantee Scheme (EGS) centres, 3896 (Alternative Innovative Education (AIE) centres, 800 residential bridge courses and 1835 non-residential bridge courses have been made operational under alternative schooling programme for enrolment of out of school children. Till 30 November, 2007, 2.17 lakh children have been enrolled. The remaining centres/courses are in the process of operation. During 2008-09, 3900 EGS centres, 5000 AIE centres, 800 residential bridge courses and 2000 non-residential bridge courses have been proposed.

Strengthening of Educational Infrastructure:

17. During 2008-09, construction of 6500 school buildings, 15000 additional class rooms, 32807 boundary walls and electrification in 51094 schools is being proposed.

Teacher and Shiksha Mitra

18. The new schools proposed in 2008-09 will be provided teachers. Each new primary school is provided with one headmaster and one Shiksha Mitra. Each new upper primary school is provided one headmaster and two assistant teachers. Besides, the existing primary school are provided Shiksha Mitras to improve teacher pupil ratio.

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Improving Science Education

19. During the 11th Plan, emphasis is being given to improve teaching of science & mathematics in upper primary schools. Presently, there is no laboratory in upper primary schools and there is s shortage of science teachers in upper primary schools. During 2008-09, 33000 Vigyan Mitras are proposed to be recruited on contract basis in new upper primary schools. It may also be added that computers are proposed to be provided in 700 upper primary schools during 2008-09 .

Improving Quality of Education

20. Elementary education is the foundation for future learning. It is a prerequisite for improving the learning level of human beings. S.S.A. has made significant progress towards universalization of elementary education (UEE) by achieving the goals of access, enrolment and retention of children in schools:

Increased participation of children in teaching learning process;

Exposure of children to a variety of learning in interesting ways;

Children’s understanding of the content; and

Availability of subject teachers

Building school and classroom environment

Teachers Training

Regular teacher trainings have been provided to all the teachers.

Teachers were trained on activity based teaching learning methodology and teaching skills particularly in language and mathematics on ‘SABAL’ module.

Another training based on ‘SADHAN’ module was given to teachers which focused on content delivery in actual classroom situation.

Leadership and managerial skills training for organizing and coordinating various school activities, managing teaching learning environment in schools and guiding and supporting teachers were given to the head teachers.

Apart from the above, teachers of primary and upper primary classes have also been provided SUBJECT WISE TRAINING based on teacher guides.

Shiksha Mitra Training Programme

21. To improve the teacher-pupil ratio at primary level, Shiksha Mitras (para teachers) are recruited especially to teach classes 1 and 2. Since they have to teach very young children, they are being imparted 30 days induction training. The focus of the training is to make shiksha mitra understand child psychology and orient them towards teaching methodologies and play-way methods. Besides, all Shiksha Mitras are given 15 days refresher training each year.

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Provision of Free Textbooks and Work Books

22. Provision has been made to give free textbooks to all girl students and SC/ST boys in primary and upper primary schools to offset the cost and to provide incentives to parents to send girls to school.

Remedial Teaching

23. For the weaker children in all the primary schools, a programme of remedial teaching was conducted as a campaign during the period 14-09-07 to 11-10-07. Besides, by deducting 5 minutes from each period and adding in the last a 9th period for remedial teaching in the regular time table.

Unit Test and School Grading

24. In addition to half yearly and annual examinations, three unit tests in the months of September, November and February have been introduced in each class to assess progressive improvement in children’s learning levels. These unit tests are designed to assess the learning level of children in the syllabus taught during the period. 25% marks of these three unit tests are to be added to the final result of the student.

25. Following the unit tests, school grading is being done on certain fixed parameters. In this new grading system, introduced in the year 2006-07, the learning level of children account for 55 marks and teaching learning process account for 20 marks, thus making a total of 75 marks for overall teaching learning environment in a school.

PRATHAM Project:

26. Based on the encouraging experience in 20 district during 2006-07, the programme of learning enhancement for children of classes 1 and 2 is being implemented in another 20 district during 2007-08 based on the NAI DISHA module. With the help of PRATHAM, an NGO, all the Para teachers will be trained to teach Hindi and Mathematics with the help of specially designed and prepared TLM for classes 1 and 2 so that within a specified time period, all the children would be able to learn basic skills in reading, writing and arithmetic and attain desired level of learning.

Girls' Education

27. Concerted efforts are being made under SSA, NPEGL and KGBV scheme to improve girls education. Enrolment of girls has increased and the gender gap at primary level is less than 5%. However, the gender gap at upper primary level is still about 8-10%. The emphasis during 11th Plan will be on reducing gender gap at upper primary level.

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28. Under SSA, Meena Manches have been established and activated in 25000 upper primary schools. The objective is to build confidence and leadership among girls, provide the girl child a friendly environment, and impart life skills among girls of 11-14 years. Besides, the Meena Manch provides an effective platform for expression and strengthens community awareness.

29. Under National Programme of Education for Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL), 680 educationally backward blocks have been covered. Under NPEGEL, multipurpose classrooms, swings, library, sports material, remedial teaching have been made available in 8413 cluster schools. Besides, uniforms have been provided to girls of primary schools.

30. Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya Yojna provides residential schools for out of school girls of age group 11-14 years of deprived sections. For the education of class 6-8, 323 KGBVs have been sanctioned out of which 185 KGBVs are operational with enrolment of about 12000 girls. Remaining KGBVs are in the process of operation alisation. It is proposed to open 140 schools in 2008-09.

Inclusive Education for Child With Special Needs(CWSN)

31. Under SSA, Inclusive Education is being implemented in all the districts for education of children with special needs. A household survey is conducted to identify the disabled children. These children are integrated in normal schools. Medical assessment of these children is carried out by a team of doctors to find out the degree of disability. Medical camps been organised where the children are given aids/appliances. To sensitize teachers, 5 day training is given to them. Besides, 1356 itinerant teachers and 162 resource teachers have been recruited to provide special support to children in schools. All text books for class 1-8 have been converted in Braille and distributed to blind children.

Provision and strengthening of offices for elementary education officers of the district

32. Construction of office buildings of such District Basic Education Offices are being undertaken which are situated in rented buildings. The estimated Unit Cost of Construction of each BSA office building is Rs 24.65 Lacs. During 10th Five year plan, 26 office buildings were constructed. It is targeted to contruct 4 office buildings of BSA during 2008-09 for which an outlay of Rs 98.60 lakh is being proposed.

Information technology facilities in elementary education

33. It is felt necessary to impart computer education to all the children of Upper Primary level. During the 10th Five Year Plan, in the year 2006-07, arrangement for ten computers with solar system for each district of the state has been made.

34. During the 11th Five Year Plan, it is proposed that a minimum 10 upper primary school of each district of the State should be provided a computer in each year.

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Mid Day Meal

35. For implementing Mid Day Meal scheme in primary schools (class 1-5 of government, government aided, EGS and AIE) Government of India provides food-grains (wheat/rice) at the rate of 100 gms. per students per school day through Food Corporation of India. Similarly for the upper primary schoosl, it is 150 gms per student per school day. The conversion cost in primary school is Rs.2.00 per student per school day of which one rupee and fifty paise is borne by Government of India, and fifty paise by the State government. For upper primary schools the conversion cost is Rs.2.50 per student per school day of which two rupees are borne by government of india and fifty paise y state government. Government of India allots money for the construction of kitchen sheds cum store @ 60,000 rupees per school and for kitchen device @ 5,000 per schools. Details for 2008-09 is as below :-

No. of Students:-

36. In financial year 2007-08 the enrolment of students in primary schools (class 1-5 of government, Govt. Aided, EGS & AIE) was estimated to be 1.94 crore. It is seen that annual growth rate of enrolment is around 5 lakh students thus the estimated figure for students in primary schools in the year 08-09 would be around 1.99 crore. Similarly in upper primary schools at a growth rate of 5 lakh per annum, the estimated figure would be 45 lakh students.

Conversion Cost:-

37. It has been decided in the meeting of the Governining body, that conversion cost will be sanctioned on the basis of 80% enrolment.

Kitchen Sheds Cum Store:-

38. Under the scheme, construction of kitchen shed cum store is provided only for filling the gaps. As per information received from districts, under different schemes 53000 kitchen sheds have been already constructed. Under MDM scheme in year 06-07 and 07-08 money has been allotted for additional 22919 kitchen sheds. Thus the total availability will be approx.76000. So the gap would be 98000-76000=22000 schools out of which 7000 more kitchen sheds would be constructed in the year 2007-08. So, for year 08-09 it is proposed to establish (22000-7000=15000) kitchen sheds.

39. Similarly in 30000 upper primary schools located in 695 educationally backward blocks, around 50% are located in the campus of primary schools only. They will be saturated with the same kitchen sheds located in primary schools. For remaining 17000 schools Rs.102 crore have been provided in the year 07-08 . Thus no money is needed for year 08-09 under this head.

Kitchen Devices etc.:-

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40. In 2007-08, provision has already been made for the primary school. Money is to released by Government of India. Similarly for upper primary schools provision has been made for 34000 schools @ 5000 per school. It is proposed to meet contingency provision for 14,000 primary schools on basis of 299 schools per district and 1400 upper primary schools on the basis of 29 schools per district @ Rs. 5000 per school during the year 2008-09.

Transport Expenditure:-

41. As per the revised guidelines of GOI, from 2008-09 onwards arrangement of transportation cost will not be on the basis of reimbursement, but will be provided through regular budget. In this context, requirement of food grains for upper primary schools would be 84,600 mt. rice and 42,300 mt. wheat. While for primary schools the requirement is 249413.33 mt. rice and 124706.67 mt. wheat. (This requirement of food grains is calculated on the basis of 80% children of total anticipited enrolment) It is proposed to provide transportation cost for above mentioned food grains at the rate of Rs.75 per mt.

42. For this purpose Government of India allows 1.8% of total value which includes food grains cost, transportation cost and central assistance of conversion cost. Thus on the basis of the above, provision is proposed in MME head. For this, cost of food grains is calculated as per the FCI rates i.e. Rs. 5650 per mt. for rice and Rs. 4150 per mt. for wheat.

Adult Education

43. The Total Literacy Campaign(TLC) is the principal strategy for eradication of illiteracy. The TLCs have certain positive features, which make them unique and distinguish them from other government programmes. These campaigns are area specific, time-bound, participative, cost-effective and outcome oriented. These are implemented through Zilla Saksharata Samities (district level literacy committees) as independent and autonomous bodies, having due representation of all sections of society. The campaign approach to literacy is characterised by large-scale mobilization through a multi-faceted communication strategy. The survey undertaken tat the grass-root level also serves as a tool of planning, mobilization and environment building. The management information system in a campaign is based on the twin principles of participation and correction. Apart from imparting functional literacy, TLC also disseminates a 'basket' of other socially relevant messages such as enrolment and retention of children in schools, immunization, propagation of small family norms, women's equality empowerment, peace and communal harmony etc. These literacy campaigns generated a demand for primary education, which has been reflected by rapidly rising enrolment rate in schools. Consequently, the number of non-literates entering 15-35 age group has been declining. At this stage it is, therefore, necessary to ensure that neo-literates do not relapse into illiteracy and they also acquire vocational skills.

44. Literacy campaigns aims at awareness building, skill development, imbibing national and social values. Wherever literacy programmes have been successfully launched, the following impacts are clearly seen.

Enrolment and retention in primary school has increased.

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The child and mother care programmes have been voluntarily adopted.

Voluntary acceptance of Family Planning measures have increased.

Female participation in development process has increased.

Self-confidence and spirit of self-determination have grown.

45. The coverage of literacy programme is given below:Programme Number of

District covered

Number of Districts Completed

Proposed No. of Districts during year 2008-09

Total Literacy Campaign 70 66 04Post Literacy Programme 66 58 08Continuing Education Programme 50 --- 10 additional district will

be covered during year 2008-09

Sharing the Literacy Programme

46. The cost of TLC & PLP as approved by the NLM is borne by the NLM and the State Govt. on 2:1 ratio. The Continuing Education Programme is for a period of Five Years. For three years 100% cost will be borne by the Central Govt. and for the remaining rest two years, the cost will be shared in the ratio of 50:50 between the Central Govt. and the State Govt.

47. During the year 2008-09, the state will cover 21 lakh illiterates in age group 15-35 years through Project for Residual Illiterate (PRI) / Special Literacy Drive (SLD)

State Council Of Educational Research And Training (SCERT), U.P., Lucknow

48. A state level educational organization SCERT has been established in 1981 on the pattern of NCERT keeping in view the needs of the state. All special institutes functioning in the state were put under the SCERT.

Main objectives

Undertake studies for qualitative and quantitative improvement, extension and development of education in the state and to encourage studies and researches in the field.

Organize pre-service and in-service trainings.

To Coordinate with the institutions working in the fields of educational research and training.

Familiarize the institutions and other activities with new educational approaches/practices for the fulfillment of its objectives.

Collect baseline data of schools and information about innovative work and to explore usefulness.

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Work in accordance with the expectations of the state govt.

Establishment of CTEs and IASE

49. Under the centrally sponsored scheme, three CTEs at Lucknow, Allahabad and Varanasi have been establishment and one IASE has been established at Allahabad under SCERT.

50. The main objective of the CTEs are to :-

Organize pre-service teacher education course for preparation of secondary teachers, subject oriented and shorter them specific training.

Provide training and resource support for the new areas of education.

Encourage community participation in teacher participation programme.

The main objective of the IASEs are to :-

51. The GOI sanctions grant to the State government according to the following norms :-

Conduct programmes in Elementary Teacher Education so as to prepare elementary teacher educators.

Conduct M.Ed., M.Phil, and Ph.D programmes in Education so as to prepare Elementary and Secondary Teacher Educators and researchers in education.

Conduct in-service course for (a) elementary and secondary teacher educators (b)

Courses for Principals of secondary schools, (c) persons involved with supervision of secondary schools, etc.

Establishment of DIETs

52. Under the centrally sponsored scheme, 70 DIETs are functional. The GOUP committed share of Rs. 440.20 lakh for these institution and Govt. of India funds the rest as per requirement. GOI sanctioned Rs 3074.00 lakh in a year.

53. The main objective of the schemes is to provide academic and resource support at the grass root level for the success of the various strategies and programmes being undertaken in the areas of elementary education.

54. The main functions of the DIET is to impart training to the teachers and Orientation training to the elementary school teacher both pre-service and Teacher Training, 10,400 teachers are trained every year. All Parishhadiya Primary School teachers are trained under In-service Teacher Training programme every year Besides Training Programme for upper primary school teachers is also organized every year.

Recruitment of 60,000 primary school teachers for special BTC training is in process.

In-service training of 1.25,000 primary school teachers in teaching skills. Fifty thousand upper primary school teachers will be provided 10 days In-service training on different subjects.

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Action Research

The main objective of Action Research was to identify the difficulteis at work-place, to plan for removal of these difficulties and to solve them. Knowledge about various factors of Action Research will facilitate the faculty members of DIETs to help the pre-service and in-service teachers and students of BTC in preparing formats of research.

A four days workshop on Action Research was conducted by SCERT in August 2007 in 4 rounds.

All the participants of each district were directed to do action Research on the subject of their choice and to participate in the proposed workshop.

Quality Education

Development of primary & Upper primary level syllabus in the light of NCF-2005

Development of textbooks based on revised syllabus.

Remedial teaching in primary level classes for weaker students.

To improve the numeracy & reading skill of class I & II students a programme under ‘Nai Disha’ with the help of one NGO Pratham, has been undertaken.

Strengthening

Establishment of English Language Lab.

Requirement of staff rooms in SCERT building in the year 2008-09 for which an outlay od Rs.10.00 lakh has been proposed.

Secondary Education

55. The secondary level education serves as a bridge between the primary and the higher levels of education. This is the terminal stage in the general education system because at this point the students decide the future course of life. The development of human capital depends mainly on secondary education. Education of this level has the potential to radically alter the socio-economic status of an individual even if he comes from a poor and socially deprived section of society. It also affects the health, hygiene, demographic profile and productivity of the society. Secondary education prepares young students in the age group of 14-18 years for entry into higher education or work situations. Given the liberalization and globalization of the Indian economy, the rapid changes witnessed in scientific and technological world and the general need to improve the quality of life it is essential that those leaving the schools system acquire a higher level of knowledge and skills than what they are provided in the eight years of elementary education.

56. The department of secondary education envisages improvement and expansion of education in all sectors. This is in accordance with the National Policy on Education, 1986, as modified in 1992. The

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Department also aspires for elimination of disparities in access and laying greater stress on improvement in the quality and relevance of education, including technical and professional education.

Vision

The report of the task force visualize, India as 'Knowledge Super Power' by the end of year 2010.

Quality of education at all level of secondary education to meet the requirement for transformation of the country to 'Knowledge Super Power'.

Availability of trained teachers.

Private initiative in secondary education should improve quality of education.

Progress during Tenth Plan

57. During the Tenth Five Year Plan, against an outlay of Rs. 19807.00 lakh the expenditure was Rs. 144859.91 lakh. The physical achievement in respect of enrolment, number of schools and number of teachers is given in the following table:-

Item Level at the end of 9th Plan

Level at the end of 10th Plan

Increase

1 Enrolmentclass 9-10class 11-12

33.50 lakh19.50 lakh

57.96 lakh31.96 lakh

24.46 lakh12.46 lakh

2 No. of schoolsGovt./govt. aidedNon aided

4983 6541

58349736

8513195

3 TeachersGovt./aided schools 108936 110864 1928

58. The contents of the table abore reveal that the level of enrolment, number of schools and number of teachers in government sector have increased appreciably during the Tenth Plan period. However, at present 558 Government colleges, 5276 aided colleges and 9736 non aided colleges are running in the state in which 89.92 lakh boys and girls are studying with the help of 110864 teachers.

Goals for Eleventh Plan

Improve quality of secondary education.

Make quality secondary education available.

Improve accessibility to quality secondary education.

Make quality secondary education affordable.

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Objectives

To make all secondary schools conform to prescribed norms regarding physical facilities, qualified staff, academic matters etc.

To make secondary schools, fulfilling prescribed norms, available to every young person at proximate location (say secondary schools within 5 kms. and higher secondary schools within 7-10 kms) efficient and safe transport arrangements, residential facilities depending on local circumstances.

To ensure that no child is deprived of secondary education due to gender, socio- economic disability and other barriers.

To ensure that all students pursuing secondary education receive education of good quality

To check the drop-out rate at the secondary stage and introducing alternate education system for those students who cannot afford full time education in formal secondary schools.

To introduce computer education and computer literacy in government and aided schools.

To make effective arrangements for vocational and technical education in secondary schools.

To strengthen the system of in-service teacher's training.

To ensure the quality of science education and standardization of lab equipments, library and other minimum facilities, etc.

To encourage sports activities.

Targets for Eleventh Plan

Raising gross enrolment ratio (GER) for the secondary school going age group (14-18 years) which was 37.5% in 2002-03 to at least 65% by 2011-12, in the general streams ( besides those in the vocational stream).

Reducing gender and social disparities in GEF to within 5% points, and minimizing rural- urban disparity in GEF.

Bringing down pupil-teacher ratio at the secondary stage to about 25 ensuring suitable subjectwise availability of teachers and increasing percentage of trained teachers to 100%.

Improving quality of secondary education and pupils achievement levels so that pass percentage in Board of high school and intermediate examination improves to around 75%.

Approach and strategy

59. Main elements of the strategy for universalizing access to secondary education and improving it will be as under :

Improvement of existing schools so that they all conform to prescribed norms and expansion in their intake, wherever necessary and feasible. For this purpose, financial assistance will be

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provided to government and private aided schools. Unaided schools will be expected to find necessary resources themselves.

Encourage establishment of good quality, non-commercial private schools in different areas, through a system of incentives.

Establish government schools in those deficient/backward areas where private organizations do not come forward to establish schools.

Expand scholarship schemes for children from poor families.

Challenges

Generation of extra capacity by opening new schools.

Reducing gender gap.

Improving the quality of education.

60. To address the aforesaid challenges, the following important schemes are being implemented :

Opening of new schools

Non recurring grant to private management for opening of girls high schools in unserved development blocks.

61. On the basis of survey report, 426 blocks having no girls high school, were identified. The government decided to open girls high schools in these 426 unserved blocks. Under this scheme, a non-recurring grant of Rs 10.00 lakh ( two equal installment of Rs 5.00 lakh) now revised to Rs 20 lakh (two equal installment of Rs 10.00 lakh) is given to a private management for opening of girl high schools in userved blocks under certain terms and conditions. 65 schools were opened by the State government and by private management in these 426 unserved blocks. Thus 361 schools were opened with the financial assistance of the State government by private management.

School Building

62. About 50 schools are still running in rented buildings. Many government school buildings, due to lack of proper maintenance, are in bad shape. A target for construction of 50 government inter colleges has been set for Eleventh Plan. It is proposed to constuct 32 new school buildings and to complete 10 incomplete school buildings during the year 2008-09 .

Upgradation of High schools to Intermediate level

63. On an average, more than 18 lakh students pass high school every year and seek admissions in intermediate. Classes to meet the aspirations of these students 44 high schools have been upgraded to the intermediate level during the Tenth Plan. It is proposed to upgrade another 50 high schools to intermediate level during the Eleventh Plan and 11 high schools will be upgraded to intermediate level in 2008-09

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Grant to opening of girls high school/intermediate school by private management in another Nyay Panchayat of served development block

64. Under this scheme, Non-recurring grant is given to private management for opening of girls high schools in un-served blocks. On the basis of survey report, 536 Nyay Panchayats were identified. Under this scheme, a non recurring grant of Rs 20.00 lakh ( two equal installment of Rs 10.00 lakh in each) is given to private management.

65. Special facilitates for girls studying in Boys Higher Secondary schools in rural areas.

66. There are many places in the rural areas of the districts where separate high schools for girls have not been established. In such areas, girls are allowed to seek admission in boys high schools so that they may continue their studies. Special facilities, like: common room, urinal, drinking water facilities etc. are provided for girls studying in boys higher secondary schools. For this purpose, a non-recurring grant of Rs 60,000.00 is given to each selected school situated in rural areas.It is proposed to cover all these 267 schools during Eleventh Plan.

Vocational Education

67. The vocationalization of education at the secondary level has so for achieved only partial success. It has been observed that student prefer general courses. D.C Kothari Commission felt that at least 50% of the students completing class X should be diverted towards vocational stream. The Central Government introduced vocational education scheme, which is running in 992 schools of the State. The state government has made arrangement to invite guest faculty to teach at the rate of Rs. 100.00 per lecture at Rs 3000.00 per month as honorarium in those 992 schools.

Board of Vocational Education

68. To encourage the vocational education in the State, a board of vocational education is being set up at Lucknow. Its main object is to reduce the drop-out rate of student passing class 8 to 10 and 12 by imparting to them in vocational education and to prepare them for employment in future. The main function of the board will be to give recognition to the vocational education institutions run by the private management and to encourage vocationalization of education on in a big way in both private and government schools and prepare students in the required skills relevant for the work environment

One time assistance for opening of new schools by Private Management in rural areas

69. There should be 19 secondary schools per lakh population, according to the norms of Government of India. At present, there exists only 10 secondary schools per lakh population in U.P. To reduce this gap and to make secondary schools available to every young person with in 5 km. range, 5000 secondary schools will be opened in rural areas with the help of private management under public private partnership

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in the Eleventh Five Year Plan. Under this scheme, an amount of Rs 20.00 lakh will be given to the private management on applying after getting recognition from U.P. Board of high school and intermediate for education opening new high school in rural area.

Information and communication technology

70. To promote computer aided learning and teaching in government and government aided schools, the information and communication technology scheme has been introduced as a centrally sponsored scheme (75% share of central government and 25% share of state government) from the year 2007-08. Under this scheme government will provide 10 computers with related accessories to each school. During 2007-08, 2063 government aided schools and 437 government schools are likely to be covered.

Higher Education

71. With the ever expanding enrolment in the universities, infrastructure in the universities also need expansion to cater to the demand of new subjects and additional student strength. New courses are the demand of the time . New courses with innate potential for job need additional funds for developing infrastructure commensurate with their norms. Better working conditions and reinforced infrastructure in the universities will enable the faculty to deliver goods and attract students to enter higher education. With a view to accommodate ever expanding enrolment in the universities, starting of new courses, strengthening and updation of existing infrastructure; labs, libraries, creation of civic amenities in universities and refurbish their existing infrastructure.

Achievements of Tenth Plan

72. To make higher education accessible to all, one law university, five private universities, 21 state government colleges and 815 self-financing colleges were opened during X th plan period. Government aid, under the unserved scheme was given to 128 self-financing colleges. 12 undergraduate colleges were elevated to post graduate level. 10 state universities, two deemed universities and 97 colleges have been accredited by National Assessment and Accreditation Council, Bangalore so far.

Priorities, Strategy and Monitorable Targets of Eleventh Plan,

a. Priorities

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73. Priorities during the 11th Plan will be to expand higher education and make it affordable to all sections of society. To achieve this objective, 25 new government degree colleges will be opened in the State and opening of self-finacing management run colleges in every development block will be encouraged. In a bid to induct quality and to provide job orientation to the higher education, un-conventional, job-oriented and industrially relevant courses will be opened to build capacities in students for self-ventures and reduce dependency on government jobs. Government and government aided post graduate colleges will be identified for their elevation to the level of 'Centre of Excellence'. To inculcate professional competence and provide necessary exposure, training will be provided to all categories of personnel in higher education. For effective monitoring and control over the colleges and as a measure of devolution of powers, new regional higher education office will be established in the State.

b. Strategy

74. To increase access in higher education, five new government colleges will be opened during the year 2008-09 and opening of management run self-financing colleges in educationally unserved areas will be encouraged. Infrastructure including information and communication technology (ICT) will be strengthened and basic amenities in universities and colleges will be provided. New faculties and subjects, particularly un-conventional and job-oriented, will be added to the universities/ colleges so as to increase employment potential of students. Universities/ colleges will be elevated to the level of Centres of Excellence and for this 20 government and government aided colleges will be developed as Centres of Excellence during 2008-09. Career Guidance Bureau/ Placement cells will be opened in universities to facilitate placement of students in employment sectors. With a view to provide job orientation to higher education, 51 government post graduate and degree colleges have been identified for opening of BBA/ BCA courses in 2008-09. State Institute of Management and Administration in higher education will be established at Allahabad. With a view to inculcate professional competence in all categories of personnel in higher education, effective monitoring and control of the institutions and as a measure of transparent, sensitive and responsive administration, nine regional higher education offices will be established in the State.

Physical targets with financial inputs and expected achievements for the Year 2007-08

75. With a view to accommodate ever expanding enrolment in the universities, starting of new courses, strengthening and updation of existing infrastructure; labs, libraries, creation of civic amenities and to create new and refurbish its existing infrastructure an outlay of Rs 770.64 lakh has been approved towards ‘Development Grants to the Universities‘ for the year 2007-08. Centres of Excellence in State universities will be set up and for which an outlay of Rs 500-00 lakh has been approved for 2007-08. career guidance /placement cells are being set up/ strengthened in universities to augment employability of students for which an outlay of Rs 100-00 lakh has been approved for 2007-08.

76. The open university system was initiated in order to augment opportunities for higher education to those deprived of institutional education. The flexibility and innovativeness of the open learning system are particularly suited to the diverse requirements of the citizens of our country, including those who had

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joined the vocational stream. Assistance to UP Rajarshi Tandon Open University, assistance to Sampurnanand Sanskrit University for publication of Protected Manuscripts, assistance for extension of civic amenities in the universities and assistance for Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia National Law University, Lucknow have been provided during the year 2007-08.

77. It is proposed to open five new government degree colleges. The other scheme such as construction of buildings of government degree colleges, establishment of State Institute of Management and Administration in higher education, construction of buildings of existing 8 regional higher education offices and opening of self financing colleges in unserved areas under unserved scheme have been provided with necessary funding during the year 2007-08.

Priorities, Strategies and Physical Targets for the year 2008-09.

78. Universities will be expanded and upgraded so as to address regional, gender and social inequalities. The thrust will be to promote quality consciousness, evaluation, accreditation and monitoring performance in academic institutions and inculcating appreciation for internal academic audit and external peer review. Curriculam will be so revamped so to reflect the need for national development with international bench mark. With increasing understanding for social change and enhancing perception for human values through outreach activities, the higher education, imparted in the universities and colleges will also have an additional input of job-orientation. The emphasis will be to build capacities and skill development in students through induction of industrially relevant courses. Merit and integrity of teachers will be duly recognized and rewarded and for this purpose State Awards for teachers of higher education will be instituted from 2008-09.

Strategies and Physical Targets

79. To accommodate the ever expanding enrolment in 12 state universities, strengthening and updation of existing infrastructure is being proposed in 2008-09. For UP Rajarshi Tandon Open University, Allahabad an outlay of Rs 25.00 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09.

80. Publication of manuscripts not only makes the work and its writer immortal, but also serves a very useful purpose for students/ research scholars in the country and abroad. A scheme of 'assistance to Sampurnanand Sanskrit University for publication of Protected Manuscripts’, is being proposed for the year 2008-09

81. Universities with innate capabilities needs to be developed as Centres of Excellence to work as a ' Role Model' for other universities. For assistance to universities for development of Centres of Excellence an outlay of Rs 1500 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09.

82. There is a greater need to guide students in choosing their careers, facilitating their placement in government/ private sectors and motivating them for self-ventures. For strengthening of employment bureau and establishment of career guidance cell/ employment cum information centre/ placement cell an outlay of Rs Rs 100.00 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09. For extension of civic amenities in

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universities an outlay of Rs Rs 2,000 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09. Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia National Law Univesity was set up as a model and nodal centre for legal education in the State. For this law university, an outlay of Rs 1500.00 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09. For Student Welfare Schemes an outlay of Rs 500.00 is being proposed for the year 2008-09.

83. Every district of the State shall have at least one government degree college and to this effect, five new government degree colleges will be opened in the year 2009-09, for which an outlay of Rs 352.00 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09. The colleges regularly require furnishing and latest additions in new faculties and subjects, particularly job oriented subjects, the equipment in quality and quantity after phasing out the obsolete unserviceable equipments. Government colleges are generally established in remote and educationally backward and un-served areas of the State. Presently, there are 125 government degree colleges in the State, yet, there are 11 districts in the State without any government degree college. For construction of buildings of government degree colleges an outlay of Rs 2000.00 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09.

84. To make higher education available in the remote, educationally backward and un-served areas of the State, the Govt has introduced a scheme of one-time funding the private management for infrastructure support to the setting up of new colleges opened on self-financing basis. Under this scheme, Rs 30.00 lakh for Arts faculty and 40 lakh for Science faculty is granted for setting up such colleges. Under this scheme of establishment of non-govt colleges in un-served sreas an outlay of Rs 700.00 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09.

85. For supply of safe-drinking water supply, hygiene and sanitation, internal and outer illumination, common halls, minor repairs, roads, class rooms, campus development, infrastructural support to curricular and co-curricular activities, repair and renovation of laboratories and power back-up (generator/ electric supply) encouragr funds are being provided. For assistance to 'Non-govt collegs and institutes : Infrastructural facilities to non-government degree colleges' an outlay of Rs 1000.00 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09.

86. There is a need for a government agency to effectively monitor and control the state of higher education in the college under its jurisdiction. There are 8 regional higher education offices in the state and they are housed in rented accommodation with inadequate space, resulting in poor working condition. New colleges are being added to their jurisdiction every year, necessitating upon of space and facilities which can only be done in independent buildings. It is proposed to construct buildings for new regional higher education offices at Azamgarh, Allahabad, Saharanpur, Moradabad, Basti, Mirzapur, Devipatan, Chitrakoot and Faizabad and for existing regional higher education offices.

Technical Education

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87. The Department of Technical Education, Uttar Pradesh has been continuously striving to supply suitably trained technical manpower so essential for developing and strengthening the rapid pace of social, economic and industrial development of the State. Emphasis is being laid to prepare the trained technical manpower of excellent quality, as needed by the industrial sector. The technical education infrastructure in the state needs to be upgraded and expanded in a big way to meet the emerging challenges in the globalize world and to provide employment opportunities to the youth.

Tenth Plan Status

88. The technical education sector is divided into two streams viz.

(i) Degree Sector

(ii) Diploma Sector.

(i) Degree Sector -

89. At the end of Tenth Five Year Plan, the number of degree level technical institutions established in the State and their intake capacity is given in the following table –

Sl. No. Institutions No. of Institutions Intake Capacity01 Govt./Aided Institutions 07 200902 Private Institutions 279 44627

Total 286 46636

90. The above institutions are affiliated to U.P. Technical University, Lucknow established by the State Government in the Year 2000. The Technical University is responsible for affiliating degree level technical institutions, conducting the State level Joint Entrance Examination for admission to B. Tech, B. Pharma, B. Architecture, B.H.M.C.T., M.B.A. and M.C.A. courses.

(ii) Diploma Sector

91. At the end of the Tenth Five Year Plan the institutions established in the State and their intake capacity in this sector is given in the following table –

Sl. No. Institutions No. of Institutions

Intake Capacity

01 Govt./aided institutions (boys) 64 744502 Govt./aided institutions (girls) 17 192002 Institutions established by other department 05 180 04 Private institutions 26 2650

Total 112 12195

92. There are 49 types of different diploma, P.G. diploma and post diploma level courses in technical education conducted by the department. Admission to diploma level courses are made through state level joint entrance examination conducted by Joint Entrance Examination Council, U.P. Lucknow and the

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annual and semester examinations are conducted by the Board of Technical Education. U.P. Lucknow. Institute of Research Development and Training has been established at Kanpur for organising the training programmes for faculty members and other non-teaching staff of the department.

Objectives of Eleventh Five Year Plan

Opening of polytechnics in all the districts.

Development of at least one polytechnic in each division as centre of excellence.

Opening of the at least one women's polytechnic in each division.

Establishment of an information and communication technology (ICT) cell in the UP Technical University and the Directorate of Technical Education. Every polytechnic and engineering college whether public or private should have its own web site giving all necessary information.

Admission should be granted to the candidates from Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe, Other Backward Classes and other disadvantaged categories in the institutions of technical education for promoting social equity. Such candidates should not be charged fee instead the department for the welfare of Backward Classes should compensate it.

The institutions should utilise the available land resources and other physical and financial resources in the best possible manner to be able to deliver optimum results.

New subjects like nano-technology, bio-technology, material technology, and image processing etc. need to be introduced.

Training and development of high quality human resources is needed at all levels of technical education so that the State is able to compete in the globalised world.

Vision of Eleventh Five Year Plan

93. The department has been providing technical education at diploma and degree level through various institutions. So far as polytechnics are concerned almost every district (except newly created districts) has one polytechnic, However there is dearth of degree level institutions particularly in rural areas.

Emphasis should be on encouraging private sector to establish technical institutions.

New polytechnics (girls/boys) would be established.

Priorities

To complete ongoing construction work started in the past.

To start new courses relevant to the market demand.

To strengthen the infrastructure facilities in existing polytechnics.

A. Assistance to Non-Government Technical Colleges and Institutions

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94. At present there are seven autonomous technical colleges/ institutions functioning under the control of the Department of Technical Education, U.P. which impart technical education at graduate and postgraduate level. There is an increase in the intake capacity and the number of courses being conducted as per the need of the State. In order to meet the industrial requirements, it is required to update curriculum of the courses and provide modern infrastructure facilities, such as new faculty, hostels, lecture rooms, library, advance equipments, etc. For strengthening and developing degree level technical institutions by way of hostel facilities, purchase of equipments, up-gradation of labs, CAD designer studio modernization etc. an outlay of Rs. 335.00 lakh is being proposed for the year 2008-09, for the seven autonomous colleges. The colleges are as under –

1-Madan Mohan Malviya Engineering College, Gorakhpur.-

2-Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur –

3-Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, Kanpur –

4-Institute of Engineering and Technology, Lucknow –

5-Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jhansi –

6-U.P. Institute of Textile Technology, Kanpur –

7-Lucknow College of Architecture, Lucknow

B-Polytechnics

Strengthening and Construction of Polytechnics

95. Under this scheme additional construction work and up-gradation of institutes are being taken up.

Establishment of New Polytechnics

96. There is at least one Govt. Polytechnic in each district but in 13 newly created districts this facility is yet to be provided. So it is proposed to establish one polytechnic in each new district. These districts are- Hamirpur, Auraya, Kanpur Dehat, Kannauj, Sharawasti, Balrampur, Siddharth Nagar, Maharaj Ganj, Chitrakoot, Kusi Nagar, Kaushambi, Sant Kabir Nagar and Jyotiba Phule Nagar.

97. It is proposed to establish 13 polytechnics during the Annual Plan 2008-09. Besides this, establishment of 03 polytechnics in the Naxlite areas is also proposed.

Name of Proposed Polytechnics District1. Govt. Polytechnic at Rajgarh Mirzapur2. Govt. Polytechnic at Chakia Chandauli3. Govt. Polytechnic at Chopan Sonbhadra

Starting of New Courses in Polytechnics –

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98. Human resources and natural resources should be fully utilized to the maximum extent. Keeping this in view, a number of new courses are being proposed in the various polytechnics according to the industrial needs and job potential. The new courses will be started as per the All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) norms.

99. It is proposed to start training in new Polytechnics whose buildings will be completed in the Eleventh Plan. Such Polytechnics are Govt. Polytechnic Sonbhadra and government polytechnic, Bhadoi. Beside this, in some Polytechnics only one or two courses are running at present therefore one or two additional new courses are proposed to be started in such Polytechnics.

Scheme for upgrading existing polytechnics to integrate physically disabled in the main stream of Technical and Vocational Education-

100. Integrating persons with disabilities in the main stream of technical and vocational education scheme has been introduced in two polytechnics (Govt. Polytechnic Jhansi and Govt. Girls Polytechnic, Moradabad) with the assistance of Govt. of India. These Polytechnics provide training to physically handicapped students in formal and non-formal courses. Govt. of India is giving grant to wstablishment of polytechnics. State Govt. is providing all recurring expenditure.

Establishment of New Girls Polytechnics :-

101. There should be no gender gap in any field of development. So the emphasis is on reducing gender gap and empowerment of women in every field of development. This is one of the main priorities of Eleventh Plan. The department has established government girls polytechnic in each division of the State. Yet there are four divisions (newly established) in the State, where no government girl's polytechnic has been established till now. These divisions are Chitrakoot Dham, Devipatan, Vindhyachal and Basti.

102. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan 04 government girl's polytechnics, are to be established . It is targeted to establish one government girls polytechnic in each division. Where there is more during the Annual Plan 2008-09.

C- Scheduled Caste Sub Plan (SCSP) -

Establishment of 04 New Government Information Technology Engineering Colleges -

103. It is proposed to establish two information technology based engineering colleges in the districts of Azamgarh and Ambedkarnagar. Besides this, two new information technology based engineering colleges are also to be established during the year 2008-09.

Establishment of 16 New Government Information Technology Polytechnics -

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104. During the 11th Plan under Scheduled Caste Sub Plan, 12 new information technology polytechnics are targeted to be established in those slum and remote areas where the density of schedule caste and schedule tribe population is higher so that the maximum benefits accrue to these classes.

105. Under this scheme, the State government has sanctioned 04 government information technology polytechnics.

Sl. No. Names of Information Technology Polytechnics Districts

1- Mahamaya Polytechnic of Information and Technology, J.P. Nagar

J.P. Nagar

2- Mahamaya Polytechnic of Information and Technology, Mahamaya Nagar (Hathras)

Hathras

3- Mahamaya Polytechnic of Information and Technology, Chandauli

Chandauli

4- Mahamaya Polytechnic of Information and Technology, Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur

D- Other Schemes-

Establishment of Placement cell in UPTU –

106. To provide proper and adequate employment to the students of degree level technical institutions, it is essential to establish a placement cell at the state level. Keeping this in view, Uttar Pradesh Technical University has proposed to establish a placement cell at Greater Noida during the Annual Plan 2008-09.

Polytechnics -

To Develop Polytechnics as Centre of Excellence

107. It is proposed that some w polytechnics in the State would be developed as Centre of Excellence. Keeping this in view, 08 institutions have been selected for development as Centres of Excellence. Under this scheme building, equipment, staff, library, audiovisual aids and other infrastructure will be provided. The polytechnics, which are to be developed as center of excellence are given below -

1. Govt. Girls Polytechnic, Amethi (Sultanpur)

2. Govt. Polytechnic, Kanpur.

3. Govt. Girls Polytechnic, Allahabad.

4. Govt. Polytechnic, Ghaziabad.

To Run Polytechnics in Double Shift (CSS) –

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108. Due to liberalisation and globalisation, there has been rapid development in the field of industrial development during the last decade In order to fulfill the industrial requirement of technically trained manpower, it is necessary to establish more and more technical institutions. Alternatively, the polytechnics may be allowed to function in double shift, so that qualified technical diploma holders may be made available in sufficient number. For this purpose, polytechnics will have to be furnished & equipped accordingly.

Medical and Public Health

109. The first human development report 1990 revealed that “the real wealth of nation is its people and the purpose of development is to create an enabling environment for people to enjoy long, healthy and creative lives” .With this objective, various initiatives have been undertaken to improve the health infrastructure in the State. The present level of the major health infrastructure in the state is as follows : Urban Areas Rural AreasType of Facility Number Type of Facility NumberSuper Speciality Institute 2* C.H.Cs. 426Medical Colleges 11-Govt

2-Central Govt9-Private

BPHCs 823

District Male/Female Hospitals

78 +57 Additional PHCs + BPHCs Total/NPHC3682/2859

Rural PPCs 147

Urban F wBureaus

5 Sub Centers 20521

Urban FW Centres 61Health Post 245

District Level PPCs 63*Super Specialty Institute, SGPGI Lucknow and Saifai (Etawah)

110. Public facilities in patient care are an important factor in the health infrastructure of the State. In rural U.P., 27% of the people seek in-patient care from public sector facilities against a national average of 42%. In urban areas, nearly 31 % of people seek in-patient care from the public sector facilities as against the national average of 38 %. It needs to be noted, that the rural facilities like CHC and PHC having 30 beds and 4 beds capacity respectively are available, but hardly ten percent of this facility is being utilized. This needs to be improved..

111. Public sector’s role in health service delivery is very marked in UP. Much of the mortality reduction during the past few decades is traceable to government-driven efforts, particularly, through immunization campaigns and focusing on specific challenges like TB etc.

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112. Health care in UP can be summarized as a composite challenge of access, quality and demand. The large public sector does not have adequate access and there is a need to improve the quality of care at the cutting edge end (PHCs and Sub-Centers).The private sector has access but poses a challenge on account of serious lack of quality to the extent that it often becomes a threat to the health of people. Thus, re-orientation of health strategies is being intiated where the focus would be on functionalizing existing infrastructure by sating synergy through public-private-partnership particularly for reaching the poor and the marginalized.

Status of vital statistics in U.P. and Other StatesStates Infant

Mortality Rate.

(S.R.S-Oct.2007)

Maternal Mortality rate (2001-03

RHIME )

Total Fertility rate (S.R.S.-

2002 )

Sex Ratio(0-6Year)

(Census-2001)

India 57 301 3.00 927Andhra Pradesh 56 195 2.2 961Gujarat 53 172 2.8 883Hariyana 57 162 3.1 819Punjab 44 178 2.3 798Rajasthan 67 445 3.9 909Uttar Pradesh 71 517 4.4 916Tamil Nadu 37 134 2.0 942Madhya Pradesh 74 379 3.8 932Bihar 60 371 4.3 942Kerala 15 110 1.8 960

Achievement Of Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-2007 )Items Item Unit Target Achievement1 Birth Rate Per1000

Population22.00 29.9

2 Death Rate Per1000 Population

9.00 8.6

3 Infant Mortality Rate Per 1000 live birth 72 724 Maternal Mortality Rate Per Lac Live birth 400 5175 Total Fertility Rate Per Lac Population 3.3 4.46 Institutional delivery Percentage 38 % 22.3 %

113. The outlay for the Tenth five year plan was Rs 177324.00 lakh out of which Rs 162151.38 lakh was spent .During this period, 18 districts were provided with regional diagnostic centres having X-ray, pathology facilities etc.. 1944 sub centres were established and 1588 sub-centres are under construction out of which 917 are completed . 830 Primary Health Centre buildings were sanctioned, 533 PHC buildings have been completed and 42 PHC were established. 168 Community Health Centre constructions were

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sanctioned, 174 completed and 107 CH Cs established. 18 combined (Male & Female) hospitals were sanctioned

Eleventh Plan Targets

Progress of 2007-08

114. During 2007-08, construction of 738 Primary Health Centres and 89 Community Health Centres have been sanctioned. Up-gradation of U.H.M. hospital Kanpur,100 bedded Children Hospital Lucknow, increase of bed strength of combined hospital Ambedkarnagar from 100 bed to 300 beds , establishment of 100 bed combined hospitals at Chitrkoot, Maharajgang, Kannauj and Trauma centre with ambulance net working in five district hospitals, Construction of mortuaries in seven newly created districts, construction of 100 bedded combined hospitals in five newly created districts, critical care unit in R. M.L. Hospital Lucknow have been sanctioned /under process of sanctioning. The anticipated expenditure for 2007-08 for Allopathic sector is Rs. 84497.31 lakh.

Infant Mortality Rate

115. Infant Mortality Rate (I M R) is often regarded as a summary of health indicator in a region. At present, India has an IMR of 57, whereas in UP it is 71 per '000 live births (SRS-2007).

116. To reduce this, then a dual strategy will have to be followed. Firstly mortality reduction strategies will have to be appropriately aligned to focus on sepsis or pneumonia, which are the main causes of death. Second by focus should on pre-term birth. The three elevated risk categories will have to be addressed. The task here is well cut out. There are five times as many births in the age group of twenty and less as compared to the 35 plus group. It is obvious that we should target the under 20 mothers. Interestingly, the

Sr. Index Unit Present Position Target1 I.M.R

(S.R.S)oct. -2007Per 1000 birth 71 35

2 M.M.R. (2001-03 RHIME)

Per 100000 live births

517 100

3 Total fertility rate (SRS 2002)

Per Productive Couple

4.4 2.8

4 Malnutrition, ( 0-3 Years) Children (N.F.H.S.1998-99)

According to age wt. less than 2 S.D.

51.7 23.5

5 Anemia in Mothers (15-49 year) (NFHS1998-99)

Percentage 48.7 20

6 Sex Ratio (0-6 year) (Census-2001)

Pre 1000 Pop. 916 924

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mean age at marriage in most districts of UP continues to be around 16. Discouraging child bearing amongst women under age 20 is, therefore, likely to have a greater impact on overall mortality levels.

117. IMR also shows sharp variation across the districts of the State. RCH – DLHS data reveals that there are 31 districts which have an IMR level higher than the current state average of 72. If IMR in UP is to be brought down, then these 31 districts will have to be targeted exclusively.

Maternal Mortality Rate

118. Earlier, nearly 38,000 women were dying every year in the State while delivering a child. Almost half of the deaths occur at home and another 10% to 15% mothers die on way to the hospital. Recent estimates, suggest that, maternal mortality in UP has now come down to 517 per one lakh population. It also needs to be added that for every maternal death, twenty mothers start living a life compromised by morbidity caused by pregnancy related complications.

119. Sex differential by age provides evidence of differential treatment of male and female children leading to higher mortality risks of females. Neo-natal mortality, which reflects a substantial component of congenital conditions particularly pre-term birth, accounts for 27% of neo-natal death, which is slightly higher for males than for females (WHO 2006). The ratio of female to male for post- neo-natal mortality is 1.24; similar is the ratio for all deaths under age five. By far the differential, however, is the child death rate, reflecting mortality risks between ages one and five. The female to male ratio here is 1.70. Thus, despite the fact that female infants have a natural biological advantage at the time of birth, yet they seem to face a significant social disadvantage. Females under one year of age may be less disadvantaged relative to males. The sharp disadvantage of female children in the age group one to five is consistent with such differential treatment.

Leprosy

120. Leprosy is one of the major health problems in Uttar Pradesh, which falls in the range of high endemic states. The national leprosy control program (NLCP) was launched in the year 1955 in two districts of the State. Later on, other districts were also covered. The Multi-Drug -Therapy (MDT) was introduced in 1985 in Varanasi District . Since 1 st April, 1995 all the districts of UP have been covered under MDT. With the introduction of MDT, the prevalence rate of leprosy has steadily declined.

Malaria

121. Malaria contributes to the high incidence of morbidity condition in Uttar Pradesh. The incidence of malaria shows a fluctuating trend . On the whole, during 2000-2005 malaria cases in Uttar Pradesh have fluctuated at around 85,000 per year. The evidence suggests that over the years malaria cases have not shown any discernable decline. However there has been a significant decline in death due to malaria. The RCH data also shows significant incidence of malaria in almost all the district of the States. Maximum incidence is observed in the Tarai belt of the State.

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Japanese Encephalitis

122. Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is a much bigger challenge in Uttar Pradesh.Japanese encephalitis is endemic in several parts of the State. The disease is a major killer particularly in the eastern region of the State. Around 32 districts are effected by the disease. Unfortunately the major chunk of the burden is borne by innocent children. Major steps taken by the State are:

JE vaccination in the age group of 1-15 years in JE effected districts.

Spray of 25% Malathian in JE effected areas.

Malathian fogging and pyrethrum spray in JE effected area to reduce the density of mosquito.

District hospitals and Medical College hospitals strengthend with adequate supplies of medicins and other required equipments for treatment

Establishment of Virological Institute in Gorakhpur Medical College.

Strengthening of Health Facilities

Urban Health Care Infrastructure

123. Hospitals/PHC:- The population of urban areas has substantially increased during the past two decades. The present health infrastructure is insufficient to meet the health care needs of the growing population. Therefore, it has been decided to establish 100 bedded combined hospitals in newly created districts and also T.B. Clinic, Blood Bank, Mortuaries, I.C.C.U. units, Plastic Surgery/Burn Unit etc. in these districts. To provide super specialty services in district male / female hospitals, the High-Tech medical equipments are provided to these hospitals as also increased bed strength as per needs .

124. The Trauma centres with ambulance net- working, establishment of 100 bedded children hospitals, 300 bedded combined hospital at divisional level where there are no medical colleges are some of the scheme taken up in Eleventh five year plan. Implementation of these schemes,started in 2007-08 and will be continued in 2008-09.

Rural Health Care Infrastructure:

125. To provide medical care specially to rural population at the nearest place of their dwelling, 100 bedded combined hospitals are being established where the tahsil level, population is more than one lakh. Up gradation of CHC is also proposed.

Construction of Sub centres

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126. Construction of the sub centres is necessary for providing Medical and Family Welfare services in the rural areas. At present 20512 sub-centres have been established, out of which 7617 are in Government buildings and 661 are under construction. The remaining sub-centres are functioning in rented buildings. An outlay of Rs. 200.00 crores is proposed for the financial year 2008-09 for construction of buildings in for 2475 sub-centres.

Strengthening of Sub centres

127. Each sub centre would have its own building and have an untied fund for local action, supply of essential drugs etc.. An annual maintenance grant of Rs 10000 will be made available to the sub centre.

Primary Health Centres:-

128. Presently, 3682 PHC have been established, whereas according to Census of 2001 and as per the prevailing norms, 4346 PHCs are required. Therefore there is a gap of 664 PHCs which are to be established in the 11th Plan. At present 702 PHC buildings are under construction and financial sanctions have been granted to begin construction of 739 PHC in 2007-08. In the Annual Plan of 2007-08 an anticipated expenditure of Rs. 354 crores is estimated for building construction . In the Annual Plan of 2008-09 under the scheme PHC construction and establishment, an outlay of Rs.142 crore and Rs 5 crore are proposed.

Strengthening of Primary Health Centres

For strengthening PHCs for quality preventive, promotive, curative, supervisory and outreach services and upgrading them as per IPHS.

Adequate regular supply of medicines and equipments for 24 hour services will be established.

An annual maintenance grant of Rs.50000 will be made available to each PHC. Provision for water, toilets, their use and their maintenance, etc, has to be made on the priority.

Promotion of stakeholders' Committees (Rogi Kalyan Samitis) for hospital management.

RKSs will be set up with a support of Rs. 50,000 per PHC per annum.

Provision of 24 hour services in 50% PHCs by addressing shortage of doctors, especially in high focus states, through mainstreaming AYUSH manpower.

Community Health Centres

129. In order to develop an effective referral system so as to provide specialized treatment facilities to the rural masses, the establishment of Community Health Centres at block level was taken up. 823 block level PHCs were to be converted into CHC. 462 have been established through such conversions and are functional. At present 146 CHC buildings are under construction and 89 CHC have been sanctioned during 2007-08. In the Annual Plan 2007-08 an outlay of Rs. 16186.48 lakh has been approved for construction of buildings. In the year 2008-09, it is proposed to establish 60 CHCs. An outlay of Rs. 35000.00 lacs and

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Rs. 2000.00 lacs is proposed for construction of buildings and establishment respectively in the Annual Plan 2008-09.

Strengthening of CHCs as first referral unit

Operationalizing existing community health centers(30-50 beds) as 24 hour First Referral Units, including posting of anesthetists.

Strengthening of CHCs as per Indian Public Health Standard

An annual maintenance grant of Rs. 1 lakh will be made available to every CHC, to ensure quality services through functional physical infrastructure.

Promotion of stakeholders' Committees (Rogi Kalyan Samitis) for hospital management.

RKSs will be set up with a support of Rs. 1.0 lac per CHC per annum.

Developing standards of services and costs in hospital care.

U.P. Health System Development Project :-

130. A project of U.P. Health System Development has been taken up with World Bank assistance for which an agreement was signed on 19th May, 2000. The total duration of project is 10 years. Phase-1 of this project has been completed on December 2007. The preparation of Phase-2 is under process. In the Annual plan 2008-09 an outlay of Rs 7500.00 lakh is proposed.

Trauma Centres

131. Establishment of Trauma centres and Ambulance Network was proposed in 5 districts of Gaziabad, Saharanpur, Lucknow, Varanasi and Allahabad for which an outlay Rs 2000.00 lakh is approved in Annual plan 2007-08 and will be utilized during the financial year . An outlay of Rs 1500.00 lakh is proposed in Annual plan 2008-09.

Biomedical Waste Management:-

132. In the hospitals, surgical procedures, deliveries, bandaging and plastering etc generate biomedical waste. This can be the cause of infections to patients and attendants. A proper disposal of these biomedical waste is necessary. An outlay of Rs 273.00 lakh has been proposed in the Annual Plan 2008-09.

Strategies

133. Improving access:-The rural Uttar Pradesh in particular is faced with extraordinary access challenge. This often forces people to seek care from inappropriate provider. The public health infrastructure is often found to be inadequate for providing appropriate health care and the same will have to be strengthened

District and Village Health Planning

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134. The District will become a core unit of planning. The district health plan would be an amalgamation of field responses through Village health plan.

Improving quality of services

Skill up-gradation of functionaries

Improved MIS

Computerization of FRUs districts &DGFW

Proper logistic management

Strong supervision

Effective human resource management

Strengthening and maintenance of service delivery centres

Evaluation feedback

New Initiatives:-

PPP- Establishment of 7 medical colleges through partnership with the private sector

FDA- Food & Drug Administration is being established to strengthen the enforcement capacity.

Outsourcing – Services like gardening, security and cleaning of hospitals are being contracted out.

ISM lady doctors/Nursing midwives hired at 20 BPHCs on pilot basis to provide 24x7 institutional delivery services.

Another 20 BPHCs in 10 selected districts being takenup this year

Health insurance cover for BPL families

Village Health Index registers developed for the first time

To address the need of urban slums, 225 Health posts created

Establishment of food & drug authority

Establishment of drug & equipment procurement cell.

Proposals for 2008-09

135. For the annual plan 2008-09, construction of 50 primary health centres,146 community health centres are proposed. For construction of childrens hospital , combined hospitals in newly created districts, trauma centres, plastic surgery and burn units in newly created districts, T.B. clinics , 300 bedded combined hospitals at divisional level where there is no medical college , required outlays are proposed to completed the construction .

136. An outlay of Rs. 87773.00 lakh has been proposed for implementation of various schemes of the department.

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National Rural Health Mission ( 2005-2012)

137. The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) is a national effort at ensuring effective health care through a range of interventions at individual, household, community and most critically health system level. The programme was launched by Hon'ble Prime Minister on 12 th April, 2005 and consecutively it was launched in Uttar Pradesh on 7th September, 2005.

Key Objectives of NRHM

Reduction of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

Reduction of Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)

Reduction of Total Fertility Rate (TFR) from 3.8 to 2.8*

Reduction of Prevalence Rate (PR) of Leprosy from 1.86 to 0.64/ 10,000 population.

Reduction of blindness from 1% to 0.5%

Enhancement of Tuberculosis cure rate from 84% to > 85%

*National Family Health Survey-III.

138. The concept of NRHM is based on increasing GDP from 0.9% to 2-3%

Components of NRHM

Health

RCH Phase-II

139. RCH-II programme was started from April 2005. The objectives of the programme were to ensure small family norm, to have a stabilized population at a level consistent with the requirement of national development and to assure good health, longevity of the children and complete care of maternal health.

The major interventions of the programme are:-

Operationalisation of first referral units so as to provide emergency obstetric and new born care with an aim of reducing maternal mortality and infant mortality rate.

Operationalisation of all Block PHCs to provide 24x7 services, so as to promote institutional deliveries.

Contracting lady doctors, staff nurse, ANM and Lab technicians to over come the gap of human resource.

Provision of referral transport services.

Janani Suraksha Yojna for pregnant women with the aim of reducing MMR and IMR by ensuring institutional deliveries.

Complete new born care and care of the children including immunization.

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National Disease control programme includes following national programmes with the aim of controlling and eradicating various diseases:-

National programme for control of blindness.

Revised national tuberculosis control programme.

National leprosy eradication control programme.

National Vector Borne disease control programme.

National Iodine deficiency disorders control programme.

Integrated disease control programme.

AYUSH

140. Under NRHM it is envisaged to bring Indian systems of medicine i.e, AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha , Homeopath )into the main stream.

Determinants of Health:-

Nutrition

Safe drinking water supply

Sanitation

141. The reach of aforementioned determinants of health are being ensured with full co-ordination and co-operation of Women welfare & Child Development department, Panchayat Raj Institutions, Rural & Urban development departments & Municipal Corporations and Nagar palikas

Strategic initiatives with achievements

Janani Suraksha Yojana has been envisaged to:-

To promote institutional deliveries to strengthen maternal & child health and to reduce overall maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate.

To provide antenatal, intranatal and postnatal services to pregnant women and ensuring institutional delivery by providing incentive to each such delivery through cash payment.

Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) accompanying the Paramedical Worker( PW) also gets cash incentive.

No. of beneficiaries year wise:-

2005-06 – 12,110

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2006-07 – 1,68,613

2007-08 (Upto Dec,07) – 7,26,926

300 Block Primary Health Centres (BPHCs) functional as 24x7 units.

Strengthening of 386 Community Health Centres (C.H.C.) as First Referral Units(F.R.U.).

Integration of practitioners Indian System of Medicine at 40 BPHCs in 20 districts for providing 24x7 services.

Population Stabilization

2613 sterilization camps and 5047 RCH camps held.

20452 special Intra uterine device (IUD) 380-A camps held on fixed day at sub center level.

2 Health Melas in each district.

IUD 380 A training in 3 districts as pilot project

NSV promotion projects in 33 SIFPSA districts

21 NGO projects covering a population of 1 crore for increase in CPR by at least 5 points in a year.

Information Education and Communication (IEC) / Behavior Communication Change ( BCC) activities – State level mass media campaign through participation of NGOs.

Strengthening Community’s role in health sector

Recruitment of 1,29,312 / 1,35,994 ASHAs as a key link worker between the community & health service providers.

Rogi Kalyan Samiti (RKS) constituted at 78 District male Hospitals,53 Female Hospitals,386 CHCs and 823 BPHCs with full involvement of community for monitoring purposes.

Village Health Sanitation Committees constituted in 3138 Gram panchayats to prepare village health plan & for local health actions @ Rs.10,000/annum.

Annual maintenance grant and untied funds for sub centers @ Rs 10,000 each/annum – joint signature of ANM and Pradhan. 13,457 / 20,521 accounts opened.

Decentralization

District Health Society made accountable for preparing District Action Plan with local need assessment.

Annual maintenance grant/Untied Fund for District Hospital (DH), CHC and PHCs – to be utilized by RKS

District Health Society (DHS) responsible for planning, funds transfer and monitoring of NRHM

DHS to recruit district level contractual staff

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Village Health and Sanitation Committees prepare Village Health Plans with participation from PRI, ICDS, Education, NGOs.

Upgrading Infrastructure at CHC and District hospitals for better RCH services

Facility survey of 169 CHCs completed

50 FRUs – physical strengthening completed

Equipment and manpower to be deployed by March 2008.

Up-gradation of another 50 CHCs to IPHS standards in a time-bound manner.

24 new drug warehouses at district level

100 generators at CHCs

Equipments at DHs / CHCs – Rs 50 crore as plan expenditure.

Human resource strengthening

Contractual staff appointment under State Programme Management Unit (SPMU)/District Programme Management Unit (DPMU) is under process.

1440 Medical Officers( MOs) and 844 Staff Nurses working on contract

537ANMs, 78 lab technicians and 67 Lady Medical Officers (LMOs) on contract through RCH

Adhiyachan for more than 1200 MOs under backlog recruitment.

2 centres have been identified as resource for Emoc training – Training of master trainers completed.

2 medical colleges identified for short term training of MOs in anesthesia to fill specialist gap.

Skill based training of MOs, Staff Nurses, PHNs, Tutor, HVs, ANMs & ASHAs.

2 centres identified as resource for Emoc training – Training of master trainers completed.

2 medical colleges identified for short term training of MOs in anesthesia to fill specialist gap.

Comprehensive Child Survival Programme (CCSP) Training for MOs/ANMs/ASHAs/NGOs to reduce IMR.

Inter Departmental coordination

Village health nutrition day being observed at Aanganwadi centres on monthly MCH session day with support from ANM/AWW/ASHA/DAI.

PRI/ICDS/Education/Rural Development / DUDA involved at various levels under NRHM.

Adequate representation of concerned departments in state/district/block/village level committees.

ICDS/ Education involved under PPI programme

PRI involved for birth & death registration.

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Financial Statement of year 2007-2008 Rs. In lakh

SL No

Activity GOI Allocation/ Sanction

Grant Received from GOI

Total Projected Expenditure April 07 to January 2008

1 RCH Flexipool 16524.54 8645.69 27199.002 Add. NRHM 33732.54 47686.26 16749.00

3 RI/PPI 27416.00 18869.31 22229.66  Total 77673.08 75201.26 66177.66

4 National Programme

21643.83 4116.69 17110.02

5 State Budget 46612.86 35214.36 35214.36  Grand Total 145929.77 114532.31 118502.04

Year Wise Receipt and Expenditure 2005-2008Year GOI

allocationGrant Receivedfrom GOI

Expenditure Audited/SOE

2005-2006 55042.13 49197.52 18119.41

2006-2007 64837.31 40948.57 32727.63

2007-08(up to Jan 07)

77673.31 75201.26 26949.39

Grand Total 197552.75 165347.35 77796.43

Homoeopathy

142. To provide medical services to the public at the grass root level through the Homoeopathic System of treatment is one of the foremost resolutions of the Government. For achieving the above goal, the Homoeopathic Directorate is working since 1981 as an independent full-fledged department.

143. Homoeopathy is not limited to certain diseases but is universally applicable to all kinds of diseases. It is time, when people must be made fully aware of the benefits and the scope of homoeopathy in various day to day diseases. Homoeopathy should be made available more and more to the benefit of the ailing persons .It can positively help 90% of the diseases we have today.

Present status and past achievements

144. For the functioning and activation of the homoeopathic system there are three main dimensions as below-

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1- Homoeopathic Directorate

2- Homoeopathic medical & health services

3- Homoeopathic medical education

Homoeopathic Directorate

145. The homoeopathic directorate started functioning as a separate department since May 6, 1981. For the departmental direction, supervision and control the sanctioned posts are Director Homoeopathy, Chief Finance and Account Officer, Joint Directors, Deputy Directors and subordinate staff.

Homoeopathy Medical Health

146. In the year 1963-64 there were only two homoeopathic dispensaries. On 1981 when the homoeopathic directorate started functioning as a separate department, there were only 329 homoeopathic dispensaries in the State, and now at present there are 1482 dispensaries in the State. Among these Dispensaries 89 are functioning in urban areas and rest 1393 in rural areas. Thus to serve the rural population, all possible efforts are being done. Consequently popularity of homoeopathy is increasing by leaps and bounds and is being accepted by the masses rapidly. During the year 1983–84, there were only 18.20 lakh patients treated under the Homoeopathic system and now the number of patients treated during the year 2005-2006 rose to the level of 172.95 lakh which indicates that it has increased near about ten times at present in comparison to year 1983-84.

Homoeopathy Medical Education

147. There are 7 Homoeopathic medical colleges which are established in Faizabad, Lucknow, Kanpur, Moradabad, Ghazipur, Azamgarh and Allahabad. In the above 7 medical colleges B.H.M.S. degree course is being conducted and full admission capacity is 300 students per year. In the First year the students get admission through CPMT on the basis of merit. All the above Homeopathic colleges are affiliated to Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar University, Agra.

Financial and Physical Progress of Tenth Plan

148. During the Tenth Five Year Plan, the expenditure on Homoeopathy was Rs. 3176.31 laks to extend homoeopathic services to rural areas. During the Tenth Plan 140 dispensaries were established. Besides this, the construction work of three Medical Colleges of Lucknow, Kanpur and Allahabad, was started.

Vision of Eleventh Plan

149. Keeping in view the needs of the homoeopathic services and the achievements made so far, the vision for 11th plan (2007-2012) is to strengthen and establish the additional departments in Homeopathic colleges according to the norms of C.C.H. and to promote the research work, establishment and

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construction of new dispensaries at CHCs, PHCs and in uncovered remote areas and strengthening of homoeopathic directorate etc.

Objectives of Eleventh Plan

Strengthening the Homeopathic services and their expansion in rural area where facilities at present are very inadequate.

Availability of genuine sufficient Homeopathic medicines.

To promote the Homeopathic colleges and research work as well.

The main thrust has to be towards better capacity utilization and completion of all schemes at hand. It is equally necessary to consolidate the existing infrastructure and to make it yield better results.

Greater attention is to be paid for the strengthening of the planning and monitoring aspect at the state and district levels.

To provide Homeopathic facilities in the scheduled castes and scheduled Tribes dominated areas.

To achieve the needs and objectives of national rural health mission.

Strategy

To improve the quality of Homeopathic services, streamlining administration and establishment of regional offices and providing allied staff, strengthening the of District Homeopathic Medical Officer's offices, creation of the posts of Lady Medical Officers at District Hospital level, provision of vehicles for Regional officers and District Homeopathic Medical officers, establishment of mobile Homeopathic Hospitals.

Creation of necessary posts and strengthening the infrastructure according to CCH norms in the Homoeopathic Colleges.

To promote research work in Homoeopathic Medical Colleges, Research units to be established and workshops, seminars and meetings etc. to be organized.

To improve the Homoeopathic educational standard in the State the P.G. studies is going to be started in all 7 Homeopathic Medical Colleges.

For the proper management and functioning of Homoeopathic Medical Education & Examinations a separate Homeopathic University to be established.

Establishment and construction of new Homeopathic Dispensaries at PHCs, CHC.s and in unsaturated areas.

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Priorities

Availability of Medicine, apparatus and instruments in dispensaries

Creation of necessary posts and strengthening the infrastructure according to C.C.H. norms in all 07 Homoeopathic Medical Colleges.

To strengthen the Homeopathic Medical Colleges, to promote the research work in Homeopathic Colleges.

Establishment of New Homeopathic Dispensaries at PHCs, CHCs and in uncovered areas and construction of Dispensaries.

Establishment of new Homeopathic Medical Colleges.

Establishment and construction of D.H.M.O.'s Offices.

Construction of buildings for the remaining four Homeopathic Medical Colleges as per C.C.H. norms.

Creation of the posts of Regional Joint Directors and establishment of their offices.

Creation of posts of Lady Medical Officer at District Hospitals level.

Establishment of Homeopathic college of Pharmacy.

Establishment of separate Homeopathic University.

Proposal for 2008-09

150. Keeping the above objectives in view, the ultimate goal of health programmes "Health for All" an outlay of Rs. 2366.00 laks has been proposed for Homeopathic department for the financial year 2008-09.The following programmes will be given priority.

Establishment of New Homeopathic dispensaries

151. At present 1482 homoeopathic dispensaries are functioning in the State, out of which 1393 are in rural areas and rest 89 in urban areas. To achieve "Health for All", it is necessary to open maximum number of homoeopathic dispensaries in the remote and densely populated areas. There is also a need to establish a homoeopathic unit at every primary health centre and sub-centre. There is a proposal for establishment and construction of 135 new homeopathic dispensaries during 2008-09 of which 125 will be in rural area and remaining 10 will be in urban area. An outlay of Rs. 945.16 laks and 125.97 laks has been proposed respectively.

Establishment, construction and strengthening of district homoeopathic medical officer's offices

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152. At present 70 posts of medical officers are sanctioned. To provide them a good environment it is proposed to provide office buildings, furniture and necessary equipments. An outlay of Rs.240.50 lakhs has been proposed for this purpose in 2008-09.

Strengthening of Homoeopathic Medical colleges as per norms by Central Council of Homoeopathy (C.C.H)

153. There are seven government homoeopathic medical colleges at present in the State which are not up to the standards laid down by Central Council of Homoeopathy (C.C.H.). These require special attention to bring them at par with the norms of C.C.H. Hence an outlay of Rs. 791.38 lakhs has been proposed for the financial year 2008-09 which includes Rs.701.38 lakhs for construction works.

Establishment of New Homoeopathic Medical colleges

154. There are only 07 Government homoeopathic medical colleges in U.P., which can not meet the need of such highly populated State as U.P. Hence there is a proposal to establish two more colleges for which an outlay of Rs. 200.00 lakh is proposed for the financial year 2008-09.

Establishment of homoeopathic drug manufacturing unit and testing laboratory

155. There are seven homoeopathic Medical colleges in the state, 1482 State homoeopathic dispensaries, about 25000 registered Homoeopathic Doctors, about 25 Medicine Pharmacy and about 5000 Medical Stores. In all places there is a big demand of trained pharmacists but at present no institute of training for pharmacists is available. Therefore establishment of a homeopathic drug manufacturing unit and testing laboratory is proposed .for which an outlay of Rs. 249.15 lakh has been proposed for the financial year 2008-09.

Ayurvedic and Unani

156. Ayurveda means Science of Life i.e; indigenous science of preserving health and curing ailments. Unani System is part and parcel of Indian System of Medicine since several centuries. India has a rich heritage of these well-documented health care systems of life. The Government of U.P. is well aware that these systems offer the kind of medicines which are within the physical and financial reach of the patient. In order to give a boost to Ayurvedic and Unani systems, it is necessary that the available infrastructure in Ayurvedic and Unani hospitals is strengthened and sufficient supply of the standard medicines ensured. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan, the special emphasis will be land on ensuring to ensure that the teaching norms as prescribed by the Central Council of Indian Medicine are fully followed in letter and spirit. Considerable emphasis will be laid on research and development in Ayurvedic and Unani Systems.

157. The Department of Ayurveda and Unani is basically working to enhance the development of infrastructure and treatment facilities, educational and research work along with literature development.

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158. There are 2354 dispensaries/hospitals of Ayurveda and Unani working in the State, of which 2105 are of Ayurvedic and 249 of Unani system of medicine. There are 10976 beds in these dispensaries/hospitals and about 1.50 crore patients are treated there. Besides, there are two State Ayurveda and Unani Pharmacies situated in Lucknow and Pilibhit. To control the quality of drugs, there is a drug testing lab in Lucknow.

159. There are 8 Ayurvedic and 2 Unani Colleges in the state. These Ayurvedic colleges are situated in Lucknow, Pilibhit, Jhansi, Bareilly, Muzaffarnagar, Banda (Atarra), Allahabad (Handia) and Varanasi and the two Unani Colleges are in Lucknow and Allahabad. C.P.M.T. selected students are admitted in these colleges. State Ayurvedic Colleges Lucknow and Pilibhit have post graduation courses and research facilities.

160. In the State Ayurvedic college, Lucknow, there is a Ayurvedic and Tibbi Academy. Through this academy Ayurvedic and Unani literature, books, papers are published. 12 books have been published till now.

Achievement in Tenth Plan :

161. During the Tenth Plan (2002-2007), expenditure at current prices was Rs. 2114.97 lakhs. 38 Ayurvedic and 4 Unani hospitals were established in urban areas. Likewise 114 Ayurvedic and 4 Unani hospitals/dispensaries were established in rural areas

Objective of Eleventh Five Year Plan :-

To ensure the availability of Ayurvedic and Unani System of medicine to the masses at an affordable cost.

To promote research and development projects and also to strengthen the infrastructure facilities in Ayurvedic and Unani colleges.

To ensure availability of sufficient and standard medicines in Ayurvedic / Unani hospitals.

To create and establish new hospitals in areas which are so far not covered by Ayurvedic / Unani hospital facilities.

Thrust Areas

162. Keeping the above factors in view, the thrust areas are as follows:-

Strengthening of infrastructural facilities, availability of adequate and standard medicines along with medical equipments in all Ayurvedic/Unani hospitals.

Creation of required teaching and non-teaching positions and infrastructure in Govt. Ayurvedic and Unani Colleges of the State as per norms laid down by the Central Council of Indian Medicines.

To promote research and development projects in Ayurvedic and Unani colleges of the State.

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Establishment of new Ayurvedic and Unani hospitals in areas not covered by Ayurvedic/ Unani hospital facilities.

Creation of sufficient supervisory staff at District and Regional level for optimal utilisation of manpower engaged in Ayurvedic/Unani systems of medicines.

Strategy

163. In order to meet the challenges, following new schemes are proposed to be taken up:

Establishment of 22 district and 5 regional (divisional) Ayurvedic and Unani offices.

Promotion of research activities in Ayurvedic and Unani colleges.

Up-gradation of medical colleges as per norms of CCIM and their strengthening. Central Council of Indian Medicine, which is a statutory body, is the highest authority to evaluate, regulate and recognize the degrees of Ayurvedic and Unani systems all over India. The council has served de-recognition notices to all the Ayurvedic/Unani colleges of the State as none of the colleges fulfill the minimum requirements set by the Council.

Establishment of two new Ayurvedic/Unani drug testing labs .

Progress of Annual Plan (2007-2008):

164. During the year 2007-08 100 Ayurvedic/Unani dispensaries will be established in rural areas, dispensaries in urban areas. Establishment 22 district Ayurvedic and Unani offices will also be established. Besides this, of Medical Colleges will be upgraded as per norms of CCIM. For the Annual Plan (2007-08) the approved outlay was Rs. 3152.86 lakhs and the anticipated expenditure is Rs. 3152.86 lakhs.

Proposed outlay for Annual Plan (2008-2009)

165. An outlay of Rs. 3153.00 lakh is being proposed for the annual plan 2008-2009. The main physical targets are establishment of 125 dispensaries, 22 district Ayurvedic and Unani Offices and up-gradation of Medical Colleges as per norms of CCIM as a continuing work.

Medical Education

166. Human development and enhancing the quality of life of the people are the ultimate objectives of all activities of the Government. For this purpose the State needs a well qualified manpower to handle the health related problems and promotion of positive health. The department of Medical Education plays a vital role in developing human resources for medical and Para-medical personnels , in establishment and

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maintenance of well- equipped teaching institutions, including Institutions for Pharmacy, Nursing and para-medical courses. Research is another important area of activity. The State Government aims at making the medical and para-medical services/facilities in Uttar Pradesh of international standard for proper medical aid.

Achievements of Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07)

167. During the Tenth Five Year Plan, targets were set to strengthen the State medical colleges and Institutes. By the end of 10th Five Year Plan our state medical colleges are well equipped for under graduate courses in medicine, Pharmacy, nursing etc in terms of equipments. To facilitate better health faculties and education in Western Uttar Pradesh, a state medical college- Rural Institute of Medical Sciences has been established in Safai, Etawah. A Para Medical College is also being established at safai for degree lavel courses in various para-medical disciplines as well as in Pharmacy & Nursing. Moreover one State Medical College is also being established at Azamgarh in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.

168. Two more state medical colleges are under constructions at kannuj and Orai (Jalaun). A super specialty hospital and teaching Institute, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya Institute of Medical sciences Society, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow is also in the pipeline.

169. In order to provide relief to the poor population of Eastern U.P., suffering from the deadly epidemic of Encephalitis, a research centre and an epidemic ward is being established in state medical college Gorakhpur. A Para-medical college at Gorakhpur and Jhansi for imparting degree lavel Para-medical courses including Pharmacy and Nursing are also being established .

170. A stem cell center in our state medical colleges is also proposed to be established.

171. Owing to deficiency in number of para medical personnel, new para medical colleges in the private sector will be promoted.

Present Scenario

172. The present scenario of Medical & Para-medical Education in the state is an under-

A- State Medical College : 1-G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur, 2-S.N. Medical College Agra,

3- M.L.N. Medical College Allahabad, 4- L.L.R.M. Medical College Meerut,

5- M.L.B.Medical College Jhansi and 6- B.R.D.Medical College GorakhpurB- State Institutes : 1-L.P.S. Institute of Cardiology, Kanpur and 2-J.K.Cancer Institute, KanpurC- Autonomous Institutes : 1- K.G.M.U., Lucknow and 2- UPRIMS, Safai, EtawahD- Centrally Governed Colleges : 1- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh and 2- Banaras Hindu

University, Varanasi

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E- Private Medical Colleges : 1- Eras Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow, 2-Subharati Medical College, Meerut, 3-Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad 4-Shri Ram Murtee Medical College, Bareilly 5-Ruhelkhand Institute of Medical Sciences,Bareilly (Estd.2005-06) and 6- Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar (Estd. 2005-06)

F- Para-medical Courses being run in state medical colleges are as under : 1-State Nursing College, Kanpur, 2-Department of Pharmacy, L.L.R.M. Medical College, Meerut, 3-Department of Pharmacy, G.S.V.M. Medical College,Kanpur, 4-Department of Pharmacy, S.N. Medical College, Agra, and 5-Department of Pharmacy, M.L.B. Medical College, Allahabad.

173. Apart from the above, the following training programmes are also being run is State Medical Colleges.

1-X-ray Technician Training.

2-Laboratory Technician Training.

3-ANM Training

174. The S.G.P.G.I., Lucknow is the premier Institute in the State . which is providing super specialty services, treatment and human resource development. A super speciality hospital and teaching Institute, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya Institute of Medical Sciences Society, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow is another upcoming premier Institute for providing Super Speciality services and courses.

175. Presently there are 16 medical colleges in the state with the intake capacity of 1500 students per year. There are 903 seats at under graduate level (MBBS), 583 postgraduate seats (MD/MS/Diploma) and

26 super speciality seats in government sector.

Vision of Eleventh Five Year Plan

176. During the 11th Five Year Plan the State envisages to equip the department of Medical Education by upgrading its medical colleges and Institutes for providing the best services to the public of Uttar Pradesh, by proper planning and implementation. It is aimed that the medical colleges meet the standard of medical education as per MCI norms and to provide efficient health services to the public. The requirement of quality doctors specialists and super specialists would be met by the iniciatives form by the state government.

Objectives of Eleventh Five Year Plan

Creation of posts of teachers and para-medical staff in state medical colleges/Institutes to fulfill the MCI norms.

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Up-gradation of state medical colleges as super specialty centers.

To establish proper intensive care units in state medical colleges.

To increase the strength of post-graduate and super specialist doctors (MD/MS/DM/MCH) to meet the demand for running such centers.

To establish para- medical colleges to meet the consequent demand of para-medical staff for running such centers.

To establish new medical colleges.

Strategy

177. To achieve the objectives, following schemes will be implemented during the year 2008-09:-

Creation of new posts for fulfilling MCI norms:

178. Although, owing to the financial support given by the State Government, our state medical colleges have improved significantly still the most important deficiency which exists even today is in terms of the availability of staff Teaching faculty & Para-medical personnel. The fact is that the posts in the colleges are not meeting the minimum standards laid down by MCI. This puts our colleges at the risk of derecognition of even MBBS degree, any time in near future.

179. Thus a proposal for creation of posts of faculty members (Professor, Associate Professor and Assistant Professor) and para medical staff is being made to fulfill the MCI norms for staff in our state medical colleges. Against the requirement of 701 teachers for the fulfilling of MCI norms for under graduate courses there are only 653 posts.

180. Creation of additional posts will not only fulfill the MCI norms but also enhance the efficiency of colleges in terms of services as well as the research work.

Scheme for up-gradation of State Medical Colleges

181. In addition to the creation of posts for the fulfillment of MCI norms, it is necessary to upgrade all the state medical colleges, state institutes and autonomous institutes with a view to modernize the health care delivery system and to improve the medical and treatment facilities.. By this we can not only get quality doctors but can also get specialists and super specialists. Hence it is proposed that the state medical colleges should be.

a) Upgraded as super specialty centers.

b) Centers with proper intensive care units

Fulfillment of human resources requirement through up-gradation:

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182. One doctor should be available for a population of 3000, But there is only one doctor for a population of 6923 in Uttar Pradesh. The number of seats of MBBS can be increased up to 150 per year in S.N. Medical college, Agra, and the seat strength of Jhansi Medical College can be increased to 100 per year. This will require creation of additional posts as well as development of infrastructure.

183. In order to meet the increasing demand of super specialists and specialists, It is proposed that the post graduates seats should be increased by 50% in the 11Five Year Plan. This will require up-gradation and enhancement of infrastructure and human resources in the state medical colleges. 20 new medical colleges are required to be established in the State but the availability of faculty members for running such colleges is really a limiting factor. As such, around 150 faculty members are required for a medical college with 100 under graduate students. Thus around 3000 faculty members will be required for 20 colleges. As per the short term strategy the service conditions including salary, allowances, and facilities to the teachers need to be improved so that they are attracted towards the Govt. Job.

Scheme for up-gradation of diploma pharmacy courses in state medical colleges

184. Diploma Pharmacy courses are being conducted in Meerut, Agra, Kanpur, Allahabad medical colleges. These courses are running since the year 1971 for training the pharmacist in the state. The courses are recognised by Pharmacy Council of India and all India Council of Technical Education. These departments are well equipped and teachers are available. It is proposed to upgrade Department of Pharmacy at Meerut, and Kanpur to degree & post graduate lavel programmes. This will need creation of 3 Posts of Professor, 3 posts of Reader and 6 posts of Lecturer in each center alongwith the existing staff and modernization of department.

Scheme For establishment of new medical colleges

185. One medical College should be established for a population of 50 lakh. Therefore for U.P., having a population of 18 crores, there is a requirement of 36 Medical Colleges. However, at present there are only 16 Medical Colleges in U.P. with an intake capacity of 1500 students per year. Thus 20 more Medical Colleges are required for proper Medical Education and Services. It is also proposed that no medical college shall be established in a district/commissionary where a medical college already exists. These Medical Colleges can be opened by the Private/Govt. sector.

186. A Super facility State Medical College is being established at Azamgarh which will provide better health services and education in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Two more state medical colleges are under construction at Kannuj & Orai (Jalaun). A super specialty hospital and teaching Institute, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya Institute of Medical sciences Society, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow is also being established.

Private Sector-Government Sector Participation:

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187. It may be debatable which sector should be given priority and which sector should open new medical colleges but it should be kept in mind that an expenditure of Rs. 500-00 crore is needed for opening a new medical college and Rs. 10-00 crore for recurring expenditure for each college and the hospital attached to it. Therefore It is advisable to promote and encourage private sector to open new medical colleges which is already coming forward to open educational institutes, engineering, management, dental and medical colleges.

Encouragement to Private Sectors

It is advisable to promote and encourage private sector for opening new medical colleges. They can be given financial help provided they admit 25-50% students through Govt. admission test on the same fee as is charged in Govt. medical colleges.

Eligible private sector enterprises interested in opening a medical college should be given Essentiality certificate on priority. Though the present system of giving Essentiality certificate is adequate. They could also be affiliated to Govt. district hospital provided they help in development of the hospital.

They should be helped to acquire land.

They should be provided subsidized water and electricity.

Exemption in taxes to acquire life-saving equipments.

They may be given soft loans.

Scheme for establishment of Para-Medical colleges

188. Two Para-medical staff and two nurses are required for one doctor. Presently there are 8000 nurses and 32000 Para-medical staff instead of 120000 each. Thus there is shortage of adequate number of trained Para-medical man power. There is no college in the state for graduate nurses who are in great demand not only in the state but also in other states. There is no Pharmacy college in the state promoted by state Govt. for degree Pharmacy course.

189. To fulfill the demand of Para-medical staff the state medical faculty is making active efforts by opening new degree and diploma Para- medical colleges in the private sector. It is worth mentioning that the Govt. is opening three Para-medical colleges at Gorakhpur, Jhansi and Safai for conducting degree courses. The Govt. medical colleges in the state are running some diploma courses like Nursing, Pharmacy, X-ray Technician course etc. but they do not have adequate staff and infrastructure. In the 11th Five Year Plan priority will be given to strengthen these Para-medical courses in the existing state medical college as well as to start new degree courses in Pharmacy & Nursing and other para-medical courses in order to have sufficient human resources in the field.

190. To meet the financial requirement for the medical education sector, an outlay of Rs.780.00 cr. has been proposed for the year 2008-09.

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Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)

191. Integrated Child Development Services was launched on 2nd October 1975 all over the country for the holistic development of children and to fulfill their fundamental needs. The project was initiated in the State with assistance from the Government of India in the year 1975 in 3 blocks, to protect pregnant, lactating women and children from malnutrition and for ensuring their overall development. At present, the State has 1,51,469 Anganwadi Centres (AWCs), sanctioned by the Central Government in 897 ICDS projects, of which most of the AWCs are operational.

192. Under this scheme, the services are provided by the department for the holistic development of children upto 6 years and for appropriate nutrition & immunization of pregnant and lactating women. The Programme focuses on the health and nutrition components— growth monitoring, supplementary nutrition, pre School education, nutrition and health education, immunization, health check-ups and referral services. ICDS is the nodal programme for addressing issues related to nutrition of children.

193. In view of the prevailing circumstances, it is imperative to assess the nutrition & health status of women & children in the State before proposing any work plan of ICDS. In this connection, the status of women & children in the State (as per NFHS-3, 2005-06) is summarized below—

Item Status1 Malnutrition (children < 3 years) 47%

2 Children with Stunted Growth 46%

3 Children with Wasted Growth 14%

4 Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births) 73

5 Immunization 22.9%

6 Vitamin –A (supplementation in last six months) 7.3%

7 Anaemia (children 6 months – 3 years) 85.1%

8 Anaemia (women 15 – 49 years) 50.8%

9 Anaemia (pregnant women 15 – 49 years) 51.6%

10 IFA Consumption (women consuming more than 90 tablets during their pregnancy) 8.7%

11 Exclusive Breastfeeding (children < 6 months) 51.3%

12 Initiation of Breast feeding within one hour of birth 7.2%

13 Initiation of Complementary Food & Continued Breast Feeding (children 6-9 months)

45.5%

194. The 11th Five Year Plan is ambitious in the context of child development. The delivery of essential services under the programme will be ensured, considering the following objectives— to prevent the incidence of low birth weight babies and to prevent wasted & stunted growth of children. In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, efforts would be made to control the incidence of anaemia in women. Further, efforts would be made to—

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Reduce incidence of malnutrition from 47% to 23.5% by 2012.

Reduce incidence of severe malnutrition from 22% to 10% by 2012.

Reduce the incidence of malnutrition in children by 50%.

Reducing the incidence of stunted & wasted growth in children by 50%.

Increasing the rate of exclusive breastfeeding (children upto 6 months) by 60%.

Increasing the rate of use of appropriate complementary food by 50%.

Ensuring the coverage of 100% children (0-3 years) against all 6 vaccine preventable diseases (including measles vaccine at 9 months of age).

Ensuring Vitamin-A supplementation for 80% children (9 months-3years) and eliminating clinical cases of vitamin-A deficiency by the year 2010.

Ensuring provision of recommended doses of micronutrient fortified supplementary foods to all children in the age group of 7 months to 3 years, adolescent girls and pregnant & lactating mothers.

Ensuring consumption of iodised salt with minimum 15-ppm iodine content in 80% households.

195. In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, effective measures are required to be taken. It is worth mentioning that the Union Government is considering restructuring of ICDS on the lines of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM). In this regard, the State Government would be implementing the directives of the Union Government. For achieving the ICDS objectives in the current perspective, the activities to be implemented under the 11th Five Year Plan and the concerned implementation plans are presented hereunder—

Supplementary Nutrition

196. Complying with the directives of the Supreme Court, the decision to cover all children upto the age 6 years and pregnant/lactating mothers under the programme was taken by the State Government in May, 2006. Previously, the number of beneficiaries per centre was 100. Following the universalization of the services under the programme, the number of beneficiaries per centre has now increased to 160-170. At present the attendance of beneficiaries at the centres ranges from 65% to 70%. In the year 2007-08, efforts are being made to make the program more effective and attractive to have an increase in the attendance of beneficiaries at the centres upto 90%.

197. Currently, 80 grams of weaning food to the children in the age group of 7 months – 3 years, 80 grams of rich amalyze food to children in the age group of 3-6 years and 160 grams of the same are being provided to pregnant & lactating women. In compliance with the directives of the Supreme Court, complementary food would be made available to children (7 months to 3 years) and pregnant & lactating women, in a phased manner under a decentralized arrangement.

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198. The activity of providing hot cooked meal at AWCs through Mothers Committees has already been initiated on pilot basis in 270 projects across 65 districts, representing different regions of the State. Work plan for providing hot cooked food in the remaining projects in the State has been prepared. 200 projects from January 2008 under a decentralized arrangement. In this way, it is proposed to provide hot cooked meal to children (3-6 years) at AWCs under all projects in the State by the end of year 2008-09.

199. Thus, the estimated expenditure on the universalization of supplemetary nutrition, in 2008-09, would be as follows:

Planned expenditure: Rs.846.99 crore

Non-planned expenditure: Rs.377.48 crore

Total expenditure: Rs.1224.47 crore

GoI contribution: Rs.612.235 crore

State Government contribution: Rs.612.235 crore

National Programme for Adolescent Girls (NPAG)

200. This scheme is under implementation on pilot basis in the districts of Mirzapur and Sonebhadra. The Government of India meets all the expenses incurred on the programme. Under the scheme, adolescent girls weighing less than 35 kg are benefited. The selected, malnourished beneficiaries are provided food grains free of cost for a certain period. Further, there is a proposal to secure a total allocation of Rs.6.01 crore for the programme for the year 2008-09.

Additional Honorarium to AWW/AWH

201. Under this program, additional honoraria of Rs. 200/- per month and Rs. 100/- per month are being paid to AWWs and AWHs respectively, since December 2004. Therefore, in the current financial year (2008-09) an outlay of Rs. 17.40 crore has been proposed under the planned expenditure head.

Balika Shree Yojana

202. Balika Shree Yojana was started for securing holistic development and economic independency for the girl child. Under this program, girl child born after September 2003 in the families living below poverty line will be benefited. Parents (mother and father both) of every selected girl child will be insured for Rs.500.00 under accidental insurance coverage. The insured sum will be used towards educating the beneficiary. In addition, National Savings Certificate of Rs.2000.00 would be purchased favoring the girl, and the same would be provided to her when she attains the age of 18 yrs. Based on the Census 2001 data, the scheme aims to benefit some 40000 girls in the age cohort of 0-3 years at a total cost of Rs.10.00 crore.

203. In addition, leaving aside the beneficiaries of the SC/ST categories, there is a proposal to benefit another 57,440 girls from the BPL families under the scheme with a estimated expenditure of Rs.14.36 crore. Thus, there is a proposal to spend a total amount of Rs.24.36 crore under the programme during the year.

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Construction of AWC Buildings

204. In the second year (2008-09) of the 11th Five Year Plan, it is proposed to have rental premises in the middle of the villages for running AWCs so that the AWWs can deliver services to the beneficiaries independently without any hassles. Besides this, even under the National Rural Self-employment Scheme and other similar programmes, priorities would be accorded to the construction of AWC buildings. In 2008-09, it is proposed to construct 2417 AWC buildings at an estimated expenditure of Rs.2.00 lakh per centre. Thus, there is a proposal to have a proposed outlay of Rs.48.34 crore for the construction of AWC buildings.

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