chapter0 2 introduction

7/31/2019 Chapter0 2 Introduction

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Overview of IEEE Wireless

Network Standards


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Convergent Wireless Network

Standards IEEE 802 Series

Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) 802.15 (since 1999)

Wireless Local Area Netwrok (WLAN) IEEE 802.11 (since 1990)

Wireless Metropolitan Network (WMAN) IEEE 802.16 (since 2001)

Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) IEEE 802.20 (since 2002)

Wireless Regional Area Network (WRAN) IEEE 802.22 (since 2004)

Media Independent Handover Services IEEE 802.21


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Relationship

PAN

< 10 m

802.15.1 (Bluetooth)1 Mbps

802.15.3 > 20 Mbps

802.15.3a (UWB) < 480 Mbps

802.15.4 (Zigbee) < 250 kbps

LAN

< 150 m

802.11a/b/e/g 1- 54Mbps802.11n (proposed) > 100 Mbps

MAN

< 5 km

802.16-2004 - 70 Mbps

802.16e-2005 35Mbps

WAN

< 15 km

802.20 (proposed)

GSM, GPRS, CDMA, 2.5G, 3G

10 kbps to 2.4 Mbps

RAN< 100 km

802.22 (proposed) - 18 to 24 Mbps

HandoverService

802.21


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802.1

802.2

802.3

802.4

802.5

802.6

8

02.1

1802.1

5

8

02.1

6

8

02.1

7

TG1

TG2

TG3

TG5

TG4 PHY PHY

DataLinkLayer

MAC

LLC

LR-WPAN

IEEE Project 802 Standard


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Wireless Markets

S

HORT

LONG

LOW < DATA RATE > HIGH

PAN

LAN

TEXT GRAPHICS INTERNET HI-FIAUDIO

STREAMINGVIDEO

DIGITALVIDEO

MULTI-CHANNELVIDEO

Bluetooth1

Bluetooth 2

ZigBee

802.11b

802.11a/HL2 & 802.11g


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IEEE 802.15 Working Group

IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee

802.1

Higher LayerLAN Protocols

Working Group

...802.11

Wireless LocalArea Networks

Working Group

...802.15

Wireless PersonalArea NetworksWorking Group

802.16

Broadband WirelessMAN

Working Group

802.17

ResilientPacket Ring

Working Group

TG1

WPAN/Bluetooth

Task Group

TG2

Coexistence

Task Group

TG3

WPAN High Rate

Task Group

TG4WPAN Low Rate

Task Group


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WPAN IEEE 802.15 (I)

IEEE 802.15.1 Original specBluetooth

Working range: < 10m

RF Band: 2.4GHz ISM

Modulation: Frequency Hopping(79 channels)

Bit Rate: up to 720 kbps

Network structure: piconet up to 8 devices

scatternet combination of piconet

Provide voice channel

Application: Devicecommunications

Status Standard (2002) (2005)

M

SS

S

SB

P

P

M=Master

S=Slave

P=Parked

SB=Standby

M

M

SS

S

S

P

SB

SB

P

P

M

M

SS

S

S

P

SB

SB

P

P


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WPAN IEEE 802.15 (II)

IEEE 802.15.2 Coexistence Coexistence with 802.11

Status Standard (2003)

IEEE 802.15.3/3bHigh-Rate WPAN

RF Band: 2.4 GHz ISM Bit Rate: > 20 Mbps

Network Structure CSMA/CA + TDMA

piconet + p2p communication link QoS

Applications:Short-range multimedia streaming



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WPAN IEEE 802.15 (III)

IEEE 802.15.4/4a (Zigbee) Low-Rate WPAN RF Band: 868 MHz, 915 MHz, 2.4GHz

Modulation: BPSK + spreading codes

Bit rate: < 250 kbps

Low power consumption Application: Industrial/Medical sensor network

Network Structure CSMA/CA

Star / peer-peer / combination

Status: 802.15.4 Standard (2003) (2006)

802.15.4a Standard (2007)

802.15.4c/4d PHY for China/Japan pre-draft

802.15.4e enhancement - predraft


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Why is ZigBee Needed?

Unique needs ofsensors and control

systems Dont need high bandwidth

Low cost

Low latency

Very low energy consumption for long battery lives

Large number of devices


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WPAN IEEE 802.15 (IV)

IEEE 802.15.5 WPAN Mesh

Facilitating wireless mesh topologies

High-Rate MAC & Low-Rate MAC

enhancement

Status pre-draft


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WPAN Spec


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WLAN IEEE 802.11 (WiFi)

Network Structure

Independent BSS

Access Point

Infrastructure BSS


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WLAN IEEE 802.11 (PHY)

IEEE 802.11 General MAC CSMA/CA

Modulation: FHSS, DSSS, IRPHY

Bit rate: up to 2Mbps

Status: Standard (1999)

IEEE 802.11a RF Band: 5 GHz UNII

Modulation: OFDM

Bit Rate: up to 54 Mbps


IEEE 802.11b RF Band: 2.4GHz ISM

Modulation: CCK

Bit Rate: up to 11 Mbps


IEEE 802.11g

Integrate 11a & 11b at 2.4 GHz Status: Standard

IEEE 802.11n RF Band: 2.4 GHz ISM

Modulation: OFDM + MIMO

Bit Rate: > 100 Mbps

Status: draft

IEEE 802.11j Japanese PHY



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WLAN IEEE 802.11 (MAC)

IEEE 802.11e QoS Enhancement on

MAC


IEEE 802.11f Inter-Access Point Protocol

(IAPP)

Status Standard (2003)Withdrawn (2006)

IEEE 802.11i Security Enhancement on

MAC


Draft or pre-draft:

11k Radio ResourceMeasurement

11p Wireless Access inVehicular Environments

(WAVE) 11r Fast Roaming

11s WLAN Mesh

11u Interworking withExternal Networks

11v Network Management 11w protected management

frame

11z Direct Link Setup


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IEEE 802.11 PHY Layer


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WMAN IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)


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Potential Usage of WiMax


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WMAN IEEE 802.16 Spec IEEE 802.16-2004 Fixed

WMAN Range:

Line of Sight: about 50 km

Non Line of Sight: about 8 km

Bit Rate:

Line of Sight: 16 ~ 134 Mbps Non Line of Sight: up to ~70

Mbps

RF Band: Line of Sight : 11~66 GHz

Non Line of Sight: 2~11GHz

Modulation: SC, OFDM, MIMO MAC: PMP, Mesh (optional)

Duplexing: TDD/FDD

QoS

IEEE 802.16e-2005Mobile WMAN Support mobility

Bit rate: up to 60 Mbps

RF Band: < 11 GHz

IEEE 802.16.2-2004 Coexistence

IEEE 802.16f-2005 Management Information

BASE (MIB)

IEEE 802.16k-2007 Bridging of IEEE 802.16


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WMAN IEEE 802.16 Spec

(cont.)

Draft or Pre-draft:

IEEE 802.16h

Improved Coexistence Mechanisms for

License-Exempt Operation

IEEE 802.16i

Management Plane Procedures and Services

IEEE 802.16j

Multihop Relay Specification


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WWAN IEEE 802.20

Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) Mission Develop the specification for an efficient packet based

air interface that is optimized for the transport of IPbased services

Scope: MAC & PHY of MBWA

RF Band: < 3.5 GHz

Modulation: OFDM

Bit rate: > 1 Mbps per user Mobility: up to 250 km/h

A direct competitor to 3G

Status: draft


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WRAN IEEE 802.22 Cognitive-Radio Based PHY/MAC

enable flexible, efficient and reliable spectrum use by adapting theradios operating characteristics to the real-time conditions of theenvironment

RF Band: TV Bands (54 ~ 682 MHz) w/ bandwidth 6/7/8 MHz

MAC: PMP (point-to-multipoint) Bit Rate:

18 ~ 24 Mbps per channel

1.5 Mbps upstream, 300 kbps downstream

Service Range: 33 km for 4W CPE transmit power up to 100 km

Propagation delays exceed 300 s

Status: draft (802.22.1 draft 2.0)


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MIH IEEE 802.21

Media Independent Handover (MIH)

Mission

Enable handover and interoperability between

heterogeneous network types including both 802 andnon 802 networks.

Focus on Heterogeneous(Vertical) Handovers

Homogeneous (Horizontal) Handovers

Within Single Network (Localized Mobility) 802.11r, 802.16e, 3GPP, 3GPP2

Services: (next page)

Status: draft (D7.1)


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Handover Standards

IEEE

802.11r

802.16e

3GPP/2

VCC I-WLANSAE-LTE

Horizontal

Handovers

IP Mobility &Handover Signaling

Inter-working &Handover Signaling

IEEE

802.21

802.21 Provides 802 component to other Handover Standards

IETF

MIP

FMIPSIP

HIPNETLMM

DNAMIPSHOP


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802.21: Key Services

Link Layer TriggersState Change

PredictiveNetwork Initiated

Network Information

Available NetworksNeighbor MapsNetwork ServicesHandover Commands

Client InitiatedNetwork Initiated

Vertical Handovers

802.21 uses multiple services to Optimize

Vertical Handovers

802.21 MIH Function

Protocol and Device Hardware

Applications (VoIP/RTP)

ConnectionManagement

WLAN Cellular WMAN

L2 Triggersand Events

InformationService

Mobility Management Protocols

SmartTriggers

InformationService

HandoverMessages

Handover Management

HandoverPolicy

HandoverMessages I

EEE

802.21

IETF

chapter0 2 introduction

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