chapter–iii guava production–an...

CHAPTER–III GUAVA PRODUCTION–AN OVERVIEW 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The Framework of Analysis 3.3 Guava Production in the Different Countries of the World 3.4 Guava Cultivation in India 3.5 Guava Production in the Different States of India 3.6 Guava Cultivation in Tamil Nadu 3.7 The Agro-climatic Zones 3.8 Guava Production in the Southern Zone of Tamil Nadu 3.9 Guava Production in the Western Zone of Tamil Nadu 3.10 Guava Production in the North Eastern Zone of Tamil Nadu 3.11 Guava Production in the North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu 3.12 Guava Production in the Delta Zone 3.13 Guava Production in the High Rainfall Zone 3.14 Guava Production in the Hilly and the Tribal Zone 3.15 Guava Production in the Dindigul District 3.16 Summary

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105 3.1 INTRODUCTION

In Guava production, India had been enjoying a prestigious position in the

World. Guava was one of the commonly known Tropical Fruits, with a long

history and of much Traditional value. In 1988 Jagtiani and others had estimated

that the output of Guava in India was about 1,65,000 Metric Tonnes1. During the

subsequent period, the Guava production had decreased considerably and it was

between 1,00,000 to 1,30,000 Metric Tonnes during the period 1991 to 1994,

partly due to the effects of the Guava Wilt Disease.2 After 1995, the Production

had exceeded the previous levels of Production and had, achieved even higher

levels of production owing to the greater use of fertilizers and due to the

development and cultivation of the improved cultivars. The improved varieties had

yielded three times that of the existing traditional varieties of the Guava cultivars3.

India had re-established its position as the world‟s largest producer of Guava by

producing about 45 per cent of World‟s Production in 2009-104. During the

Twentieth century, the Guava Production had increased considerably and India

had managed to retain its position as the largest producer of Guava in the world.

3.2 THE FRAME WORK OF ANALYSIS

This Chapter had dealt with a study of the Area under the cultivation of

Guava, its Production and Productivity in India, Tamil Nadu and under the various

Agro-Climatic Zones of Tamil Nadu classified according to their soil




106 characteristics, rainfall distribution, irrigation patterns, cropping patterns and such

other ecological and social characteristics. The State of Tamil Nadu had been

classified into Seven Agro-Climatic Zones. Data related to the Area under

Cultivation, Production and Productivity of Guava at the National level, the State

level and at the district level had been collected for a period of Ten Years and the

collected data had been analysed with the help of averages, percentage shares,

ranks, regression co-efficients, compound growth rates and the co-efficients of

variation and the interpretations had been carried out.

3.3 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE DIFFERENT COUNTRIES OF

THE WORLD Guava was one of the most widely accepted Tropical Fruits worldwide.

Globally, India, Pakistan and Brazil had been the principal producers of

commercial Guava cultivars5. The increase in its consumption both as a Table

Fruit and as a natural juice had been a worldwide trend. India had the largest

number of Trees but they had been dispersed all over and were poor plantations

and the fruits had been used for the production of white Guava juice only.

Pakistan had been the principal exporter of the fresh Guava fruit. In the

world, Pakistan had been the Second largest Guava producing country, next only

to that of India6. Guava was the Third largest produced fruit in Pakistan.

Pakistan‟s Guava production had increased from 19,000 Tonnes in 1958 to

5,52,000 Tonnes in the year 2008 with an annual growth rate of 6.9 per cent. It had




107 a production capacity of 1.8 Million Tonnes. In Pakistan Guava was primarily

grown in 3 provinces, namely, Sindh, Punjab and the NWFP.

In Brazil, Guava had been consumed more as a fresh fruit, especially the

fruit of the red pulp variety. Guava was cultivated in all the States, and was being

grown commercially in approximately 16,066 Hectares (IBGE, 2002 Edited by

Goiabras, 2004) with an annual production of approximately 3,50,000 Tonnes7. In

2003, Guava Production in Brazil had been estimated to be about in 328.75

Thousand Tonnes collected from 17,776 Hectares according to IBGE. Mexico had

been one of the major Guava producers in the world with an increasing cropped

area that had surpassed 23,000 Hectares in 2002. The other areas had been Taiwan

with 6,644 Hectares as in 1999 yielding 20/35t/Hectares, Thailand, Columbia and

Indonesia. The other Tropical countries plant Guava in packets of areas that vary

with the various years such as Cuba with 7,312 Hectares as in 2005. Guava had

also been planted in a much smaller scale in other areas with a Production of

16,861 Tonnes. According to the South African Guava Producers Association,

there were Two (2) main production areas, namely Limpopo / Mpumalanga (in the

North of South Africa) producing around 25,000 Tonnes of Guava mainly as a

fresh fruit. The Area under Guava in this Region was 440 Hectares in 2002 and

500 Hectares in 2005. In Vietnam, Guava was planted mainly in the Mekong Delta

Region in 2,000 Hectares. Often, many farmers had inter-planted Guava with other




108 fruit trees like king orange and pummelo8. According to the Indian Horticulture

Database, 2010, the Production Share of Guava in India was 45 per cent followed

by China, Thailand, Brazil, Philippines and Bangladesh at 10 per cent, 6 per cent,

3 per cent, and 2 per cent respectively of the Total World Production of Guava.

Indonesia, Mexico and Pakistan had a Production share of 5 per cent each in the

Guava Production of the World.

3.4 GUAVA CULTIVATION IN INDIA

Guava had been produced in all parts of the Nation since a very long period

of time. As it was an agricultural crop with a high potential for maintaining

Health, every State had been taking active steps to cultivate Guava in the areas

most suitable for its propagation. The Total area under Guava Cultivation in India

had increased quite significantly from the Mid-Nineties. It got extended from 0.94

Lakh Hectares in 1991-92 to 1.51 Lakh Hectares in 1996-97 registering a

remarkable 61 per cent increase in 1996-979.

3.4.1 Area under Guava Cultivation in India

The Area under Guava Cultivation in India for the past Ten years had been

given in the Table 3.1. The Table had also shown the absolute increase or decrease

and the percentage increase or decrease in the area of Guava Cultivation over

those of the previous years.




109

TABLE 3.1 Area under Guava Cultivation in India from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Increase or Percentage of

Year Area (in Hectares) Increase or

Decrease

Decrease

2000-01 148200

2001-02 154600 6400 4.32

2002-03 154600 0 0.00

2003-04 166400 11800 7.63

2004-05 162000 –4400 –2.64

2005-06 166500 4500 2.78

2006-07 176000 9500 5.71

2007-08 179200 3200 1.82

2008-09 203700 24500 13.67

2009-10 219700 16000 7.85

Sources: 1. Data base of National Horticulture Board, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.

2. Agricultural Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, June.2010, p.348.

From Table 3.1 it could be seen clearly that the Area under Guava

Cultivation in India had been the highest in 2009-10 and the lowest in 2000-01.

The Area under Guava Cultivation had gone up from 1,48,200 Hectares in 2000-

01 to 1,66,400 Hectares in 2003-04. But the Area had decreased slightly in 2004-

05 and it had again increased in 2005-06. It could also be observed from the Table

3.1 that the Area under Guava Cultivation had gone down from 1,66,400 Hectares




110 in the year 2003-04 to 1,62,000 Hectares in 2004-05, registering a 2.64 per cent

decrease over that of the year 2003-04, owing to a severe incidence of Guava Wilt

Disease in 2004-05. Since there was a substantial reduction in the Area of

cultivation in 2004-05, the Production of Guava had also dropped. During 2005-

06, the Area had again increased to 1,66,500 Hectares over that of the area of

1,62,000 Hectares during 2004-05 registering an increase of 2.78 per cent. Again it

had started to extend gradually in the subsequent years and had registered the

largest Area in 2009-10 to 2,19,700 Hectares. The Area under Guava Cultivation

had increased remarkably by 1,66,400 Hectares in 2003-04 and by 2,03,700

Hectares in 2008-09, registering a 7.63 per cent increase and a 13.67 per cent

increase in the annual growth rates over those of the previous years.

3.4.2 Production of Guava in India

The production of Guava in India during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10 had

been presented in the Table 3.2.




111

TABLE 3.2 Guava Production in India from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Production (in Increase or Percentage of

Year Increase or

Metric Tonnes) Decrease

Decrease

2000-01 1631500

2001-02 1715500 84000 5.15

2002-03 1793000 77500 4.52

2003-04 1830700 37700 2.10

2004-05 1685600 –145100 –7.93

2005-06 1736600 51000 3.03

2006-07 1830500 93900 5.41

2007-08 1981100 150600 8.23

2008-09 2270100 289000 14.59

2009-10 2571500 –2012950 –88.67


2. Agricultural Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, June.2010,p.348.

From the Table 3.2 it could be observed that the Production of Guava in

India had varied from a minimum of 1,63,1500 Tonnes in 2000-01 to a Maximum

of 2,57,1500 Tonnes in 2009-10. The Production had increased to 1,71,5500

Tonnes in 2001-02, being a 5.15 per cent increase in the annual growth rate over

that of the previous year of 2000-01. The increase in the area under cultivation and




112 the congenial climatic conditions that had prevailed, had contributed to the

increase in Guava Production.

The Production of Guava had increased substantially to reach the level of

18,30,700 Tonnes in 2003-04, from the level of 1,79,300 Tonnes in 2002-03,

thereby registering a 2.10 per cent increase over that of the year 2002-03 and to

17,93,000 Tonnes in 2002-03 from that of 17,15,500 Tonnes in 2001-02

registering a 4.52 per cent increase over that of the previous year of 2001-02. The

years 2005-06, 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10 had also shown an

increasing trend with values of 17,36,600, 18,30,500, 19,81,100, 22,70,100 and

25,71,500 Tonnes respectively.

From the Table 3.2, it could also be observed that the Production had

declined substantially to the level of 16,85,600 Tonnes in 2004-05 from the level

of 18,30,700 Tonnes in 2003-04 registering a 7.93 per cent shortfall over that of

2003-04, due to a substantial reduction in the Area of Guava Cultivation as well as

due to the Guava Wilt Disease. 3.4.3 Productivity of Guava in India

The Average yield of Guava per Hectare in India, its percentage increase or

decrease over those of the previous years had been shown in the Table 3.3.




113

TABLE 3.3 Productivity of Guava in India from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Productivity Increase or Percentage of

Year (in Tonnes per Increase or

Decrease

Hectare) Decrease

2000-01 11009 – –

2001-02 11096 87 0.79

2002-03 11598 502 4.52

2003-04 11002 –596 –5.14

2004-05 10405 –597 –5.43

2005-06 10430 25 0.24

2006-07 10401 –29 –0.28

2007-08 11055 654 6.29

2008-09 11144 89 0.81

2009-10 11705 560 5.03

Source: Compiled from Tables 3.1 and 3.2.

It could be inferred from the Table 3.3 that the Yield of Guava per Hectare

had registered a fluctuating trend during the period under study. The Table had

revealed that the Productivity of Guava per Hectare had varied from 10,400

Kilograms to 11,705 Kilograms. The Productivity per Hectare had increased from

11,009 Kilograms in 2000-01 to 11,096 Kilograms in 2001-02, registering a 0.79

per cent increase in the annual grown rate over that of the year 2000-01. The Yield

per Hectare which stood at the level of 11,598 Kilograms in the year 2002-03 had




114 decreased to the level of 11,002 Kilograms in 2003-04 resulting in the negative

annual growth rate to the extent of 5.14 per cent as compared to the year 2002-03.

The Productivity Level of Guava output had also experienced a negative annual

growth rate of 5.43 per cent and 0.28 per cent respectively during the years 2004-

05 and 2006-07. The reasons that could be attributed to the Negative Annual

Growth Rate in respect of Productivity were the severe attacks of crops by

diseases and the lack of storage facilities to preserve the Production of Guava. It

could also be observed from the Table 3.3 that the Annual Growth Rate of Guava

Productivity had increased by 6.29 per cent in 2007-08, 0.81 per cent in 2008-09

and by 5.03 per cent in 2009-10 over those of the corresponding previous years.

3.4.4 Compound Growth Rate and the Magnitude of Variability

The Annual Compound Growth Rate in the Area, Production and the

Productivity of Guava and the Co-efficients of variation in India had been

presented in the Table 3.4.




115

TABLE 3.4

Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in India from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Semi-log CGR

CV

Particulars Regression

R2 (per cent/per

Constant annum) (per cent)

co-efficient

Area 5.144 0.016 0.890 3.75 12.70

(0.013) (0.002)

Production 6.380 –0.037 0.172 –8.81 31.78

(0.179) (0.029)

Productivity 4.236 –0.054 0.196 –13.24 12.70

(0.187) (0.030)

Source: Compiled from Tables 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3. CGR – Compound Growth Rate.

CV – Co-efficient of Variation.

A. Growth Rate

It could be seen from the Table 3.4 that the Guava production in India had

been reduced heavily to the tune of 8.81 per cent per annum during the period of

2000-01 to 2009-10. The Area had increased significantly at the Compound

Growth Rate of 3.75 per cent per annum and Productivity had decreased at the

Compound Growth Rate of 13.24 per cent per annum respectively. Thus, it could

be observed that the decrease in Production had occurred and it might be due to

the Guava Wilt Disease and the poor storage facilities that were available.




116 B. Magnitude of Variability

It could also been seen from the Table 3.4 that the Guava Production in

India had experienced a considerable variation of about12.70 per cent during the

Period under Study. The variation in Productivity was found to be 31.78 per cent

whereas it was 12.70 per cent in case of the Area under Guava Cultivation.

3.5 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE DIFFERENT STATES OF INDIA

Although Guava had been produced in almost all the parts of India, some

States had enjoyed a great advantage in Guava production due to many and varied

reasons. Hence on the basis of the Maximum Area under Guava Cultivation and

Guava Production, three states, namely, Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh

had been selected and studied.

Guava was cultivated in almost all the Districts of the Karnataka State. The

predominant Guava Growing areas were Kolar, Bangalore, Raichur, Shimoga,

Dharwad and Belgaum. The important varieties of Guava cultivated in Karnataka

were the Allahabad Safeda, L-49, Araka Mridula, Araka Amulya, Bangalore and

the Dharwar varieties10.

During the year 1996-97, the Karnataka State had been the First in Area with

12.5„000‟ Hectares, followed by Madhya Pradesh with 7.2„000‟ Hectares and

Gujarat with 7.1„000‟ Hectares. In respect of Production also the Karnataka State




117 had ranked First. But with regard to Productivity the Madhya Pradesh State had

occupied the First Place with 20 Metric Tonnes per Hectare as its Productivity.

Guava was being grown on a commercial scale in the Dharwad district. The Area

under Guava in the Dharwad District had been gradually expanding. The Area

under Guava in the District during the year 2005-06 was 451 Thousand Hectares,

with a Total Production of 95411 Metric Tonnes.

In Gujarat, Guava was cultivated in the Bhavnagar and the Ahmedabad

Regions. The important varieties grown were the Nagpur Seedless, Dholka,

Kothrnd, Nasik, Smidh, L-24 and L-4911. The Guava growing belts in Madhya

Pradesh had been Jabalpur, Uijain, Hoshangabad, Khargone, Badwani, Indore and

Shivpur and the important varieties were L-49, Allahabad Safeda, Gwalior-27,

Hafshi and Seedless Chittidar12.

3.5.1 Area under Guava Cultivation in the States of Gujarat, Karnataka and

Madhya Pradesh and in India

The Average Area under Guava Cultivation in Gujarat, Karnataka and in

the Madhya Pradesh States of India during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10, their

percentage contributions to the Indian Production and their Ranks in cultivation

had been given in the Table 3.5.




118

TABLE 3.5

Area under Cultivation of Guava in the States of Gujarat, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh and in India from 2000-01 to 2009-10

(IN „000 HECTARES)

Year Gujarat Karnataka Madhya Others India

Pradesh

2000-01 7000 4600 3600 133000 148200

2001-02 7200 5400 3700 138300 154600

2002-03 7800 8100 3500 135200 154600

2003-04 6900 6900 2900 149700 166400

2004-05 6100 8100 2800 145000 162000

2005-06 6900 7300 2800 149500 166500

2006-07 7700 6600 2500 159200 176000

2007-08 8600 6900 2500 161200 179200

2008-09 9300 7000 4800 182600 203700

2009-10 9800 7000 8200 194700 219700

Average 7730 6790 3730 154840 173090

Percentage 4.47 3.92 2.15 89.46 100

Share

Rank 1 2 3

Sources: 1. Statistical Abstract of Gujarat State 2009, Directorate of

Economics and Statistics, Chennai.

2. Database of National Horticulture Board, Ministry of

Agriculture, Government of India.

3. Area and Production Report of National Horticulture Board, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.




119

It could be seen from the Table 3.5 that in terms of area under cultivation in

Hectares during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10, the State of Gujarat had occupied

the First Rank with an average Area of 7,730 Hectares followed by Karnataka with

an area of 6,790 Hectares and Madhya Pradesh with an Area of 3,730 Hectares.

The Gujarat State had contributed a 4.475 per cent share of the Total Area of

Guava Cultivation in India, followed by Karnataka which had accounted for a 3.92

per cent share and Madhya Pradesh with a 2.15 per cent share during the period

under study.

In 2009-10, the state of Gujarat had its Highest Area of 9,800 Hectares

under Guava Cultivation, accounting for 4.46 per cent of the Total Area under

Guava Cultivation in India which was 2,19,700 Hectares. The State of Karnataka

had its highest area of 8,100 Hectares in 2002-03 and 2004-05, accounting for 5.24

per cent and 5.00 per cent respectively of the Total Area under Guava Cultivation,

in India, which was 1,54,600 Hectares during the year 2002-03 and 1,62,000

Hectares in 2004-05 respectively. During 2009-10, the State of Madhya Pradesh

had the highest area of 8,200 Hectares accounting for 3.73 per cent of the Total

Area under Guava Cultivation in India which was of the order of 2,19,700

Hectares.




120 3.5.2 Production of Guava in the States of Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya

Pradesh and in India The Average Production of Guava, the percentage shares and ranks of

Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh States in India during 2000-01 to 2009-10 had been given in the Table 3.6.




121

TABLE 3.6

Production of Guava in the States of Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh and in India from 2000-01 to 2009-10

(IN „000 METRIC TONNES)

Year Gujarat Karnataka Madhya Others Total

Pradesh

2000-01 95900 23400 72100 1440100 1631500

2001-02 95000 35900 73000 1511600 1715500

2002-03 110200 150700 69300 1462800 1793000

2003-04 92900 142000 57500 1538300 1830700

2004-05 86100 151000 55300 1393200 1685600

2005-06 98700 154100 55000 1428800 1736600

2006-07 113700 128500 49000 1539300 1830500

2007-08 113100 134800 50000 1683200 1981100

2008-09 144200 137500 95000 1893400 2270100

2009-10 156600 138800 238500 2037600 2571500

Average 110640 119670 81470 1592830 1904610

Per cent 5.80 6.28 4.28 83.63 100

Share

Rank 2 1 3

Sources: 1. Statistical Abstract of Gujarat State 2009, Directorate of

Economics and Statistics, Chennai.

2. Horticulture Database 2009-10.

3. Area and Production Report of National Horticulture Board, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.




122

It could be seen from the Table 3.6 that in terms of the average production

of Guava per Annum during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10, the Karnataka State

had occupied the First Rank with 1,19,670 Metric Tonnes, followed by Gujarat

with 1,10,640 Metric Tonnes and Madhya Pradesh with 81,470 Metric Tonnes per

Annum. Karnataka had contributed a 6.28 per cent share of the Total Production

of Guava in India, followed by Gujarat which had accounted for a 5.80 per cent

share and Madhya Pradesh with a 4.28 per cent share during the period under

study.

The Highest production of 1,56,600 Tonnes was registered by Gujarat,

accounting for 6.09 per cent of the Total Guava production in India which was

25,71,500 Tonnes in 2009-10. Karnataka had recorded its higher production of

1,54,100 Tonnes of Guava, accounting for 8.87 per cent of the Total production of

India, which was 1,73,600 Tonnes during the year 2005-06. During 2009-10,

Madhya Pradesh had registered its highest production of 2,38,500 Tonnes of

Guava, accounting for 9.27 per cent of the total production of India, which was

25,71,500 Metric Tonnes.

3.5.3 Productivity of Guava in the States of Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya

Pradesh and in the whole of India The Average Productivity of Guava in Gujarat, Karnataka and in the

Madhya Pradesh states and in India from 2000-01 to 2009-10, their percentage

contributions to India and their positions had been given in the Table 3.7.




123

TABLE 3.7

Productivity of Guava in the States of Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh and in India as a whole from 2000-01 to 2009-10

(METRIC TONNES/HECTARES)

Year Gujarat Karnataka Madhya Others India

Pradesh

2000-01 13700 5087 20028 10828 11009

2001-02 13194 6648 19730 10930 11096

2002-03 14128 18605 19800 10820 11598

2003-04 13464 20580 19828 10276 11002

2004-05 14115 18642 19750 9608 10405

2005-06 14304 21110 19643 9557 10430

2006-07 14766 19470 19600 9669 10401

2007-08 13151 19536 20000 10442 11055

2008-09 15505 19643 19792 10369 11144

2009-10 15980 19289 29085 10465 11705

Average 14231 16915 20726 10296 11004

Rank 3 2 1


It could be seen from Table 3.7 that in terms of the average productivity of

Guava per annum during the period from 2000-01 to 2009-10, Madhya Pradesh

had occupied the First Rank with 20,726 Kilograms per Hectare, followed by

Karnataka with 16,915 Kilograms and Gujarat with 14,231 Kilograms per Hectare.




124

The Highest productivity of 15,980 Kilograms per Hectare had been

registered by Gujarat during the period 2009-10. Karnataka had recorded its

highest productivity of 21,110 Kilograms per Hectare during the Year 2005-06.

The Madhya Pradesh State had registered its highest productivity of 29085

Kilograms per Hectare during the Year 2009-10. 3.5.4 Compound Growth Rate and the Magnitude of Variability

The Compound Growth Rate and Magnitude of Variability in the Area,

Production and Productivity of Guava in Gujarat, Karnataka and in Madhya

Pradesh had been presented in the Table 3.8.




125

TABLE 3.8

Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava in the States of Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh and in India from

2000-01 to 2009-10 Semi-log CGR

CV

Particulars Constant

Regression R2 (per cent per

co-efficient annum) (per cent)

Gujarat

Area 8.751 0.035* 0.509 8.393 15.16

(0.075) (0.012)

Production 11.323 0.050* 0.602 12.202 20.82

(0.089) (0.008)

Productivity 1.113 0.008** 0.862 1.859 6.32

(0.007) (0.001)

Karnataka

Area 8.658 0.028NS 0.230 6.66 15.96

(0.111) (0.018)

Production 10.731 0.148* 0.434 40.605 40.27

(0.370) (0.060)

Productivity 0.900 0.052* 0.493 12.72 34.73

(0.116) (0.019)

Madhya

Pradesh

Area 7.918 0.043NS 0.129 10.408 46.13

(0.040)

Production 10.903 0.043NS 0.127 10.408 46.83

(0.249) (0.040)

1.264 0.009NS

Productivity (0.033) (0.005) 0.260 2.094 14.18

Total

Area 12.151 0.024NS 0.010 5.682 143.73

(0.518) (0.083)

Production 14.185 0.052* 0.604 12.72 24.22

(0.093) (0.015)

Source: Compiled from Table 3.5, 3.6 and 3.7.

*Significant at the Five per cent level.

**Significant at the One per cent level.

NS–Not Significant.




126

It could be seen from the Table 3.8 that the average production of Guava in

the States of Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh had increased at the rate of

12.72 per cent per Annum. It could also be observed from the Table that the trend

co-efficient had been positive in these States and significant at the Five per cent

level indicating an increasing trend in the production of Guava, during the period

2000-01 to 2009-10. A. Growth Rate

The Area in these States had increased by 5.682 per cent per Annum. It

could also be inferred from the Table 3.8 that, the production of Guava in the

Karnataka State had increased at the rate of 40.61 per cent per Annum followed by

12.20 per cent per Annum in Gujarat and 10.408 per cent in Madhya Pradesh. As

far as the Area under Guava Cultivation was concerned Madhya Pradesh had

registered its highest Area which stood at 10.408 per cent, followed by 8.393 per

cent in Gujarat and 6.66 per cent in Karnataka. With regard to Productivity

Karnataka had registered the highest productivity of 12.72 per cent per Annum,

followed by 2.094 per cent per Annum in Madhya Pradesh and 1.859 per cent per

Annum in Gujarat. B. Magnitude of Variability

It could also be seen from the Table 3.8 that the Production of Guava in

Gujarat had undergone a variation of 20.82 per cent. There was also a variation of




127 40.27 per cent in Karnataka and 46.83 per cent of variation in the State of Madhya

Pradesh during the period under study. The variation of productivity was found to

be 6.32 per cent in Gujarat, and the highest variation of 34.73 per cent was found

in Karnataka. The variation in Area was 15.06 per cent in Gujarat, 15.96 per cent

in Karnataka and 46.83 per cent in the State of Madhya Pradesh. On the whole, the

average rates of variation in the Area under the Cultivation of Guava during the

period under study between 2000-01 to 2009-10 had been 143.73 per cent;

whereas the Guava Production in these States had experienced considerable

variation of 24.22 per cent during the period under study. 3.6 GUAVA CULTIVATION IN TAMIL NADU

Tamil Nadu was the Third leading fruit producing State in India. Out of

about 9.2 Lakhs Hectares of Horticultural Crops in Tamil Nadu, fruit crops were

grown in about 2.69 Lakhs Hectares, which had accounted for about 29.22 per

cent. Tamil Nadu had contributed to nearly 7.7 per cent of the National

Horticultural Production with 5.7 per cent at the National Level with respect to the

Area.

Guava was the Fourth important fruit crop in Tamil Nadu, after Mango,

Banana and Sapota. Cuddalore, Vellore, Salem, Namakkal, Thiruvarur,

Nagapattinam, Madurai, Theni, Virudhunagar, Sivagangai, Thirunelveli and

Thoothukudi were the most efficient cropping zones for growing Guava. Guava




128 could be grown under extreme soil and climatic conditions which had led to the

widespread cultivation of the Guava crop in these Districts. Out of these Districts,

Guava was produced abundantly in Madurai, Dindigul, Salem, Vellore and

Virudhunagar Districts. The main Varieties of Guava grown in Tamil Nadu were

Anakapalli, Banarasi, Bangalore, Chittidar, Nagpur Seedless, Hafshi and the

Smooth Green varieties.

3.6.1 Area under Guava Cultivation in Tamil Nadu

The Area under Guava Cultivation in Tamil Nadu during the period 2000-

01 to 2009-10, the increase or decrease and the percentage changes over those of

the previous years had been presented in the Table 3.9.




129

TABLE 3.9 Area under Guava Cultivation in Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Increase or Percentage of

Year Area (in Hectares) Decrease Increase or

(in Hectares) Decrease

2000-01 9700 – –

2001-02 9700 0 0.00

2002-03 9500 –200 –2.06

2003-04 8300 –1200 –12.63

2004-05 8100 –200 –2.41

2005-06 8500 400 4.94

2006-07 7800 –700 –8.24

2007-08 8500 700 8.97

2008-09 9200 700 8.24

2009-10 10045 845 9.18


2. Hort Stat 2008, Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops,

Chepauk, Chennai, pp.2-3.

It could be found from the Table 3.9 that Area under Guava Cultivation in

Tamil Nadu had shown a fluctuating trend during the period under study. The

Area under the cultivation of Guava in Tamil Nadu had stood at 9,700 Hectares

during 2000-02 which had subsequently decreased to the level of 9,500 Hectares

in 2002-03, which had again decreased to touch 8,300 Hectares in 2003-04




130 working out to a 12.63 per cent reduction in the annual growth rate over that of the

year 2002-03. The incidence of pests and diseases was the reason for the decrease

in the area under Guava Cultivation in 2003-04. It got reduced further to 8,100

Hectares in the year 2004-05 recording a declining trend in the initial period. From

the year 2007-08 onwards, it had started increasing and had reached the maximum

level of 10,045 Hectares in 2009-10, registering a 9.18 per cent annual growth rate

as compared to the year 2008-09. The prevailing favourable price structure of

Guava had also contributed to the increase in the Area under Guava Cultivation

during the year 2009-10.

3.6.2 Production of Guava in Tamil Nadu

The Production of Guava in Tamil Nadu, in absolute figures as well as in

the percentage increase or decrease over those of the previous years had been

presented in the Table 3.10.




131

TABLE 3.10 Guava Production in Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Production Increase or Percentage of

Year Increase or

(in Tonnes) Decrease

Decrease

2000-01 61500 – –

2001-02 44400 –17100 –27.80

2002-03 49600 5200 11.71

2003-04 58100 8500 17.14

2004-05 64500 6400 11.02

2005-06 92200 27700 42.95

2006-07 99500 –6200 –6.72

2007-08 93300 7300 8.49

2008-09 101700 8400 9.00

2009-10 92500 9100 8.95

Source: Hort Stat 2008, Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Chepauk, Chennai, pp.2 and 3.

It could be observed from Table 3.10 that the Production of Guava in Tamil

Nadu had recorded a steady increase from 2000-01 to 2009-10, except during the

years 2001-02 and 2006-07 when there had been a decrease in the production

levels. The Production of Guava had increased from 61,500 Tonnes in 2000-01 to

1,10,800 Tonnes in 2009-01. The Production of Guava which stood at the level of

64,500 Tonnes in 2004-05 had increased to the level of 92,200 Tonnes in 2005-06,




132 registering a 42.95 per cent increase in the annual growth rate as compared to the

year 2004-05.

The years 2002-03, 2003-04, 2005-06 and 2007-08 also had witnessed a

substantial increase in the Production of Guava with the annual growth rates of

17.14 per cent, 11.02 per cent, 8.49 per cent and 8.95 per cent respectively, as

compared to the irrespective previous years. This state of affairs might have been

due to the favourable climatic conditions. The year 2006-07 had experienced a

substantial decrease in the annual growth rate to the extent of 6.72 per cent over

that of the previous year. The erratic monsoon patterns and the unfavourable

climatic conditions had been the major reasons for such a drastic reduction in

Guava production during the year 2001-02. An overall analysis had revealed that

the Guava Production in Tamil Nadu had shown a generally increasing Trend.

Since Guava could be grown in varied agro climatic zones and the inputs required

were comparatively less, Tamil Nadu had much potential for a further expansion

in Guava cultivation and its production.

3.6.3 Productivity of Guava in Tamil Nadu

The Average Yield of Guava per hectare in Tamil Nadu, and its percentage

increase or decrease as compared to their previous years had been shown in the

Table 3.11.




133

TABLE 3.11 Productivity of Guava in Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Productivity Increase or Percentage of

Year (in Kilograms per Increase or

Decrease

Hectare) Decrease

2000-01 6340.20 – –

2001-02 4577.31 –1762.89 –27.80

2002-03 5221.05 643.74 14.06

2003-04 7000.00 1778.95 34.07

2004-05 7962.96 962.96 13.76

2005-06 10847.05 2884.09 36.22

2006-07 11025.64 178.59 1.65

2007-08 10976.47 –49.17 –0.45

2008-09 11054.34 77.87 0.71

2009-10 11030.36 –23.98 –0.22


It could be observed from Table 3.11 that the yield of Guava per hectare in

Tamil Nadu had reached a fluctuating trend during the period under study. The

Productivity of Guava per Hectare had varied between 4,577 kilograms and

11,054 kilograms during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10. The Table 3.11 had

revealed that the productivity of Guava per Hectare had decreased from the level

of 6,340 kilograms in 2000-01 to 4,577 kilograms in 2002-03 indicating a negative

annual growth rate of 27.80 per cent over that of the previous year of 2000-01.




134 This might have been due to the poor rainfall and the unfavorable climatic

conditions. The year 2007-08 had also experienced a decrease in the annual

growth rate by 0.45 per cent as compared to the previous year of 2006-07.

The year 2005-06 had witnessed a 36 per cent increase in the annual growth

rate over that of the previous year of 2004-05. This might have been due to the

motivation and support given by the Horticultural Department after the

establishment of the National Horticulture Mission. It could also be found from

the Table 3.11 that the Productivity of Guava per Hectare had increased from 643

to 5,221 kilograms in 2002-03 and further to the level of 7,000 kilograms in 2003-

04, and had thus registered a 34 per cent increase in the annual growth rate over

that of the previous year. The Productivity had fallen from the level of 11,054

kilograms in 2008-08 to the level of 11,030 kilograms in 2009-10. The negative

growth rate in Productivity might be due to the large scale spread of the Guava

Wilt Disease and the lack of awareness about the new cultivars of Guava.

3.6.4 The Compound Growth Rate and the Magnitude of Variability

of Guava in Tamil Nadu The Compound Growth Rate and the Magnitude of Variability of the Area,

Production and Productivity of Guava in Tamil Nadu had been presented in the Table 3.12




135

TABLE 3.12

Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Semi-log CGR

CV


R2 (per cent per

Constant Annum) (per cent)

co-efficient

Area 9.119 –0.005NS 0.024 –1.158 8.80

(0.063) (0.010)

Production 10.670 0.096** 0.822 24.738 30.59

(0.098) (0.016)

Productivity 8.459 0.100* 0.780 25.892 31.04

(0.117) (0.019)

Source: Compiled from Tables 3.9, 3.10 and 3.11.


**Significant at the One per cent level. NS–Not Significant.

A. Growth Rate

It could be seen from the Table 3.12 that during the period under study

2000-01 to 2009-10 the Area under Guava Cultivation had decreased by 1.158 per

cent and the Productivity had increased by 25.892 per cent per annum. There had

been an increase in the output of Guava during the study period under Review by

24.738 per cent per annum.

B. Magnitude of variability

It could also be observed from the Table 3.12 that the Guava production

during the period under study had recorded a considerable variation to the extent




136 of nearly 30.59 per cent. For the same period, the rate of variation in Productivity

was found to be 31.04 per cent and for the Area it was found to be 8.80 per cent. 3.7 THE AGRO-CLIMATIC ZONES

The special feature of the climatic conditions in Tamil Nadu was the fact

that the Four Seasons were not distinct and one season usually overlapped with

that of the immediate next season. In the Plains there was no pronounced winter

season and in the hills the Summer would not be severe, permitting a continuous

production of the Horticultural crops in the State. The Summer (March-May)

overlapped into the windy season (June-August) which overlapped into the rainy

season (September-November). The rainy season overlapped into winter

(December-February) which in its turn overlapped into the Summer Season. There

were areas with a temperate climate (above 2000m), a subtropical climate (1000-

2000m), a humid tropical climate (500-1000m) and a tropical climate (upto 500m)

to accommodate for all the possible types of the Horticultural crops.

The Horticulture Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu had

classified the areas of Guava Cultivation into different zones and had named them

as Agro Climatic Zones. There were Seven Agro Climatic Zones, namely Western,

Southern, North Eastern, North Western, Delta, High Rainfall and Hilly and Tribal

zones possessing conducive climatic conditions coupled with monsoon rains. The

different Agro Climatic Zones had descriptively presented in the Table 3.13.




137

TABLE 3.13 Agro-Climatic Zones

Climatic Zones Districts

Western zone 1. Coimbatore 2. Erode 3. Dindigul 4. Theni

Southern Zone 1. Madurai 2. Ramanathapuram 3. Tirunelveli 4. Sivagangai 5. Virudhunagar 6. Thoothukudi 7. Pudukottai 8. Karur

North Eastern Zone 1. Kancheepuram 2. Thiruvallur 3. Vellore 4. Thiruvannamalai 5. Cuddalore 6. Villupuram

North-Western Zone 1. Dharmapuri 2. Krishnagiri 3. Salem 4. Namakkal 5. Perambalur 6. Ariyaloor

Delta Zone 1. Thanjavur 2. Thiruvarur 3. Nagapattinam 4. Tiruchirappalli

High Rainfall Zone Kanyakumari

Hilly and Tribal Zone Nilgiris Source: Hortstat 2008, Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation

Crops, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, pp.2 and 3.




138

These overlapping seasons had made possible for Grapes to grow all

though the year, and vegetables and spices in all their possible crop rotations and

in all the various systems of planting. Nearness to the Equator and the presence of

a long stretch of Western Ghats, a discontinuous stretch of the Eastern Ghats and

the presence of hills and hillocks in the plains help a moderation in the climate to

ensure the required heat in units and in degree-days for growing the different kinds

of horticultural crops. 3.8 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTHERN ZONE OF

TAMIL NADU

The Southern zone had constituted an area of 36,655 square kilometre. The Area under cultivation was 16, 50,250 Hectares which was nearly 45 per cent of

the Total Geographical Area. Around 44 per cent consisted of the irrigated area,

and the area under cultivation was 7,22,166 Hectares. This Zone was prone to

frequent Droughts. The Annual Normal Rainfall was 816.5 Millimetre. It covered

the rivers of Vaigai, Sitar, Thambraparani, Numbiar , Pachaiyar, Kludar, Arjunar,

Kodumudiyaar, Manimuthar, Periyar and vaigai. The Dams used by this zone were

the Periyar, Vaigai, Manjalar and Phapanasam. The patterns of irrigation were

well irrigation, canal irrigation, irrigation by Dams and by Lakes. Paddy, cholam,

cumbu, ragi, groundnut, cotton, banana and tobacco were the major crops grown

in this Zone.




139 3.8.1 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Southern Zone of

Tamil Nadu The Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Southern Zone of

Tamil Nadu, during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10, and the percentage increase or

decrease over those of the previous years had been presented in the Table 3.14.

TABLE 3.14

Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Southern Zone of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01

Area Production Productiv

Year Percenta

ge

Percentage (in

(in Increase

or

Increase or Kilograms Increase

of Increase

or (in Tonnes) of Increase

or

Hectares) Decrease Decrease Decrease Decrease Per Decreas

Hectare)

2000-01 3165 - - 20148 - - 6366 -

2001-02 3066 -99 -3.13 13993 -6155 -30.55 4564 -1802

2002-03 3060 -6 -0.20 16009 2016 14.41 5232 668

2003-04 2928 -132 -4.31 20338 4329 27.04 6946 1714

2004-05 2681 -247 -8.44 21163 825 4.06 7894 948

2005-06 2625 -56 -2.09 28621 7458 35.24 10903 3009

2006-07 2496 -129 -4.91 27532 -1089 -3.80 11030 127

2007-08 2708 212 8.49 29872 2340 8.50 11031 1

2008-09 2938 230 8.49 32610 2738 9.17 11099 68

2009-10 3218 280 9.53 35491 2881 8.83 11029 -70

Sources: 1. Government of Tamil Nadu, Season and Crop Reports of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2008

2. Report on Crop Estimation Survey on Fruits and Vegetables in Tamil Nadu, Office of the E Statistics Department, Dindigul.

141




It would be evident from the Table 3.14 that during the year 2009-10 the Area under

Guava Cultivation in the Southern Zone had registered a maximum of 9.53 percentage

increase. As far as the Production and Productivity were concerned, the year 2005-06 had

registered a maximum of 35.24 per cent and 38.12 per cent respectively. Such an increase

might have been due to the strenuous efforts undertaken by the Horticulture Department to

increase the Production of the Horticultural produce. 3.8.2 Compound Growth Rate and the Magnitude of Variability

The Annual Compound Growth rate of Area, Production and Productivity

in the Southern Zone of Tamil Nadu and the magnitudes of variability had been

furnished in the Table 3.15.

TABLE 3.15

Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in the Southern Zone of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Semi-log CGR CV

Particulars Constant Regression R2 (per cent per (per

co-efficient annum) cent)

Area 8.007 –0.008NS 0.071 –1.859 8.55

(0.060) (0.010)

Production 9.556 0.093** 0.820 23.88 29.45

(0.096) (0.015)

Productivity 3.673 0.044* 0.778 10.662 31.24

(0.051) (0.008)

Source: Compiled from Table 3.14.







142 A. Growth Rate

It could be seen from the Table 3.15 that the Area under Guava Cultivation

in the Southern Zone had decreased at the Compound Growth Rate of 1.859 per

cent per annum. The Production of Guava had increased at the Compound Growth

Rate of 23.88 per cent per annum followed by 10.662 Compound Growth Rate per

cent per annum in respect of productivity of Guava during the Study Period. It

could also be observed that the Trend co-efficient had been positive in production

and productivity but was found to be Negative in respect of the Area under Guava

Cultivation.

B. Magnitude of Variability

It could also be seen from the Table 3.15 that the Area under Guava

Cultivation in the Southern Zone had a variation of 8.55 per cent; a variation of

29.45 per cent in respect of Production and a variation of 31.24 per cent with

respect to Productivity during the period under study.

3.9 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE WESTERN ZONE OF TAMILNADU

The Western Zone had comprised of an Area of 15,678 Square kilometre,

and the Area under cultivation was 6,98,105 Hectares which was approximately

44.5 per cent of the Total Geographical Area. Only about 2,96,201 Hectares

accounting for about 42.4 per cent of the Total Geographical Area was under




143 irrigated cultivation. The Annual Normal Rainfall was 653.7 Millimetre. Cauvery,

Noiyal, Bhavani, Uppar, Sirvani and Amaravathi was the major rivers in the Area

and Mettur, Bhavanisagar and Amaravathi were the major dams which served by

the zone.

3.9.1 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Western Zone

of Tamil Nadu

The Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Western Zone of

Tamil Nadu during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10, and the percentage increase or

decrease over those of the previous years had been presented in the Table 3.16.




TABLE 3.16

Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Western Zone of Tamil Nadu from 2000

Area Production Produc

t

Year Percentage

o Percentag

e o (in

(in Increase or Increase or Kilograms Increas

Increase or (in Tonnes) Increase or

Hectares) Decrease Decrease Per Decre

Decrease Decrease

Hectare)

2000-01 2505 – – 15947 – – 6366 –

2001-02 2402 -103 -4.11 11048 -4899 -30.72 4600 -176

2002-03 2361 -41 -1.71 12243 1195 10.82 5186 586

2003-04 1553 -808 -34.22 10869 -1374 -11.22 6999 181

2004-05 1601 48 3.09 12800 1931 17.77 7995 996

2005-06 1563 -38 -2.37 17096 4296 33.56 10938 294

2006-07 1490 -73 -4.67 16436 -660 -3.86 11031 93

2007-08 1617 127 8.52 17834 1398 8.51 11029 -2

2008-09 1762 145 8.97 19438 1604 8.99 11032 3

2009-10 1921 159 9.02 21188 1750 9.00 11030 -2






145

It could be seen from the Table 3.16 that year 2009-2010 had registered the

Maximum Area under the cultivation of Guava with 1,921 Hectares constituting a

9.02 per cent increase in the Western Zone, over that of the Previous Year of

2008-09. The Maximum Production of 17.096 Tonnes was an increase of 33.56

per cent in the year 2005-06 and an increase of 36.81 per cent in Productivity in

the year 2005-06 over that of the Previous Year of 2004-05 in the Western Zone

during the period under study.


The Annual Compound Growth Rate in respect of the Area, Production and

Productivity of Guava in the Western Zone of Tamil Nadu for the period 2000-01

to 2009-10 and their magnitudes of variability had been furnished in the Table

3.17.




146

TABLE 3.17

Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in the Western Zone of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Semi-log CGR

CV


R2 (per cent per


co-efficient

Area 7.739 0.040NS 0.359 –9.648 21.12

(0.117) (0.019)

Production 9.282 0.060* 0.586 14.815 23.19

(0.111) (0.018)

Productivity 3.675 0.043* 0.774 10.408 31.09

(0.052) (0.008)




A. Growth Rate

It could be seen from the Table 3.17 that during the period under study

namely, 2000-01 to 2009-10 in the Western Zone, the Production of Guava had

increased at the Compound Growth Rate of 14.815 per cent per Annum. It could

also be found that the Area under the cultivation of Guava had decreased by 9.648

per cent per annum; whereas the Productivity had increased at the Compound

Growth Rate of 10.408 per cent per annum.

The increase in Production could be attributed to the increase in

Productivity.





From the Table 3.17, it could also be observed that the Western Zone had

registered a variation of 21.12 per cent in case of the Area, 23.19 per cent in the

case of Production and a variation of 31.09 per cent in case of the Productivity of

Guava.

3.10 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE NORTH EASTERN ZONE

OF TAMIL NADU The Total Geographical Area of the North Eastern zone was 31,194 Square

kilometre. The Area under cultivation was 50.5 per cent of the Total Area. The

Annual Normal Rainfall had been 1109 Millimetre. The Major Rivers were Polar,

Ponniar, Cheiyar, Vellar, Thenpennai, Manimuthar and Wellington, in addition to

Wells, Lakes and Dams which were the Major Sources of Irrigation. The Major

Crops grown were paddy, cholam, cumbu, ragi, groundnut, sugarcane and

cashewnut. The Chengleput District which is known as the “Lake District” and the

popular “Madhurandhagam Lake” come under this Zone.

3.10.1 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the North Eastern

Zone of Tamil Nadu

The Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the North Eastern Zone of Tamil Nadu, during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10 and the percentage increase

or decrease of those measures over those of the previous years had been presented

in the Table 3.18




TABLE 3.18

Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the North Eastern Zone of Tamil Nadu f 2000-01 to 2009-10

Area Production

Percentage of

Percentage of (in

Year (in Increase or Increase or Kilograms I Increase or (in Tonnes) Increase or

Hectares) Decrease Decrease Per

Decrease Decrease

Hectare)

2000-01 1871 1871 – 11912 11912 – 6367 2001-02 2196 325 17.37 10066 -1846 -15.50 4584 2002-03 2115 -81 -3.69 11066 1000 9.93 5231 2003-04 2295 180 8.51 16077 5011 45.28 7005 2004-05 2318 23 1.00 18533 2456 15.28 7995 2005-06 2904 586 25.28 31195 12662 68.32 10742 2006-07 2594 -310 -10.67 28663 -2532 -8.12 11050 2007-08 2815 221 8.52 31048 2385 8.32 11029 2008-09 3069 254 9.02 33842 2794 9.00 11027 2009-10 3344 275 8.96 36887 3045 9.00 11031






149

It could be observed from the Table 3.18 that in the North Eastern Zone, the

Area under the cultivation of Guava had registered a Maximum increase of 25.28

per cent in 2005-06 followed by an increase in the Maximum Production to the

extent of 68.32 per cent and an increase of 34.36 per cent in regard to the

Maximum Productivity, in the same year of 2005-06 over that of the year of 2004-

05 during the study period of 2000-01 to 2009-10. The main reason was found to

be the Motivation imparted by the Horticulture Mission.


The Annual Compound Growth Rate in regard to the Area, Production and

Productivity of Guava in the North Eastern Zone of Tamil Nadu during 2000-01 to

2009-10 and their Magnitudes of variability had been furnished in the Table 3.19.




150

TABLE 3.19

Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in the North Eastern Zone of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Semi-log CGR

CV


R2 (per cent per


co-efficient

Area 7.510 0.058** 0.911 14.288 18.43

(0.040) (0.006)

Production 9.063 0.158** 0.893 43.88 45.39

(0.120) (0.019)

Productivity 3.675 0.043* 0.780 10.408 30.91

(0.051) (0.008)




A. Growth Rate

It could be seen from the Table 3.19 that during the study period between

2000-01 and 2009-10, there had been a Compound Growth Rate in the Production

of Guava to the extent of 43.88 per cent per annum. There had also been a

significant increase in the Productivity of Guava with a Compound Growth Rate

of 10.408 per cent per Annum. But there had been only a 14.288 per cent

Compound Growth Rate of increase in the Area under the cultivation of Guava.

Thus it could be inferred from the Table 3.19 that the increase in the Area of

Guava Cultivation had been the main factor which had contributed to the increase

in the Compound Growth Rate in respect of Production.





It could be seen from the Table 3.19 that there had been a 45.39 per cent

variation in respect of the Guava Production during the period under study. This

variation in Production had been due to the wide variations in respect of Area

(18.43%) and Productivity (30.91%).

3.11 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE NORTH WESTERN ZONE OF

TAMIL NADU The North western Zone of Tamil Nadu had covered an Area of 18,271

Square kilometre in which 10, 28,097 Hectares, which had constituted 56.3 per

cent, had been under cultivation. Out of Total Area of Cultivation, only 23 per

cent that is, 2, 35,828 Hectares only had been accounted for as the irrigated area.

The Annual Normal Rainfall of the Zone was 849 Millimetre. This Zone had been

identified as the moderately Drought Prone Zone. The major Rivers of this zone

were Cauvery, Thenpennai and Manimuthar. Mettur and Krishnagiri were the

major Dams in this Zone. Paddy, wheat maize, ragi, bajra, sugarcane, groundnut,

cotton, sunflower, tobacco and mango were the major crops grown in this zone.

The Forest Area in this Zone constituted nearly 30 per cent of the Total Area, that

is, 5, 35,282 Hectares of the zone, which had nearly contributed to 25 per cent of

the Total Forest Area in the State.




152 3.11.1 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the North Western

Zone of Tamil Nadu

The Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10, their percentage increases or

decreases over those of the previous years had been presented in the Table 3.20.




TABLE 3.20

Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu f 2000-01 to 2009-10


Year Percentage Percentage (in (in Increase or

Increase or Kilograms Increase of Increase or (in Tonnes) of Increase or Hectares) Decrease Decrease Decrease Decrease Per Decreas hectare)

2000-01 1601 – – 9918 – – 6195 –

2001-02 1497 -104 -6.50 6832 -3086 -31.12 4564 -1631

2002-03 1407 -90 -6.01 7361 529 7.74 5232 668

2003-04 968 -439 -31.20 6760 -601 -8.16 6983 1751

2004-05 950 -18 -1.86 7595 835 12.35 7995 1012

2005-06 859 -91 -9.58 9367 1772 23.33 10905 2910

2006-07 711 -148 -17.23 7755 -1612 -17.21 10907 2

2007-08 809 98 13.78 8457 702 9.05 10454 -453

2008-09 831 22 2.72 9171 714 8.44 11036 582

2009-10 906 75 9.03 9997 826 9.01 11034 -2 Sources: 1. Government of Tamil Nadu, Season and Crop Reports of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2008





154

From the Table 3.20 it could be seen that, in the year 2007-08, the Area

under the Cultivation of Guava in the North Western Zone had registered a

maximum percentage increase of 13.78 per cent over that of the year 2006-07

followed by the maximum percentage increase in Production of 23.33 per cent in

the year 2005-06 and an increase of 36.40 per cent in Productivity in the same year

during the period under study of 2000-01 to 2009-10. 3.11.2 Compound Growth Rate and the Magnitude of Variability

The Annual Compound Growth Rate in respect of Area, Production and

Productivity of Guava in the North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu during the period

2000-01 to 2009-10 and their Magnitudes of variability had been furnished in the

Table 3.21.

TABLE 3.21 Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in

the North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10 Semi-log CGR

CV

Particulars R2 (per cent per

Regression

Constant (per cent)

co-efficient annum)

Area 7.357 –0.079* 0.705 –19.95 30.43

(0.112) (0.018)

Production 8.902 0.021NS 0.182 4.954 14.78

(0.097) (0.016)

Productivity 3.671 0.043* 0.786 10.408 30.84

(0.050) (0.008)







155 A. Growth Rate

It could be found from the Table 3.21 that the Area under the cultivation of

Guava had decreased drastically by about 19.95 per cent per annum. But there had

been an increase in respect of Production and Productivity at the Compound

Growth Rate of 4.954 per cent and 10.408 per cent per annum respectively in the

North Western Zone during the period of 2000-01 to 2009-10 under study. Thus it

could be concluded that the substantial increase in the Productivity of Guava had

been due to the better and favourable prices that Guava had fetched and the

favourable conditions that had prevailed in the zone for their Cultivation.


It could also be observed from the Table 3.21 that the North Western Zone

had recorded a 30.43 per cent variation in respect of the Area during the period

under study namely, 2000-01 to 2009-10. For the same period, the rate of variation

in Production was 14.78 per cent and in respect of Productivity it was found to be

a Variation of 30.84 per cent.

3.12 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE DELTA ZONE

Total Area of the Delta Zone was 24,943 Square Kilometre in which 60.2

per cent of the Area that is, 15,00,680 Hectares were under cultivation and 50.1

per cent of Total Area of Cultivation that is, 7,51,302 Hectares was the Irrigated




156 Area. This zone received an Annual Normal Rainfall of 956.3mm and it was

covered by the Rivers of Cauvery, Vennaru, Kudamuruti, Paminiar, Arasalar and

Kollidam. The Major Dams that had served this Zone were Mettur and

Bhavanisagar. Canal irrigation, Well irrigation and Lake irrigation had also been

made use of and was under practice. The major crops grown were paddy,

sugarcane, cotton, groundnut, sunflower, banana and ginger. Thanjavur district,

which is known as the “Rice Bowl,” of Tamil Nadu, came under this Zone.

3.12.1 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Delta Zone of

Tamil Nadu

The Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Delta Zone of Tamil

Nadu during the period 2000-01 to 2009-10, along with their percentage increases

or decreases over those of the previous years had been presented in the Table 3.22.




TABLE 3.22 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Delta Zone of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 t


Year

Percentage of

Increase Percentage of

(in (in Increase or (in Kilograms Increase

Increase or or

Increase or

Hectares) Decrease Tonnes) Per Decreas Decrease Decrease Decrease

Hectare)

2000-01 478 – – 3043 – – 6366 –

2001-02 459 -19 -3.97 2095 -948 -31.15 4564 -1802

2002-03 459 0 0.00 2408 313 14.94 5246 682

2003-04 457 -2 -0.44 3172 764 31.73 6941 1695

2004-05 452 -5 -1.09 3625 453 14.28 8020 1079

2005-06 458 6 1.33 4994 1369 37.77 10904 2884

2006-07 404 -54 -11.79 4456 -538 -10.77 11030 126

2007-08 439 35 8.66 4834 378 8.48 11011 -19

2008-09 475 36 8.20 5269 435 9.00 11093 82

2009-10 521 46 9.68 5744 475 9.01 11025 -68 Sources: 1. Government of Tamil Nadu, Season and Crop Reports of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2008

2. Report on Crop Estimation Survey on Fruits and Vegetables in Tamil Nadu, Office of the E StatisticsDepartment,Dindigul.




158

Table 3.22 had revealed that in the Delta Zone, the Area under Guava

Cultivation had registered a maximum percentage increase of 9.68 per cent in the

year 2009-10 over that of 2008-09. It could also be seen that the Maximum

percentage increase in Production of 37.77 per cent and the maximum percentage

increase in Productivity of 35.96 per cent had been registered in the year 2005-06

over that of the Previous Year of 2004-05 during the study period of 2000-01 to

2009-10. 3.12.2 Compound Growth Rate and the Magnitude of Variability

The Annual Compound Growth Rate of Area, Production and Productivity

of Guava in the Delta Zone of Tamil Nadu during the period of 2000-01 to 2009-

10 and their magnitudes of variability had been furnished in the Table 3.23.

TABLE 3.23 Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in

the Delta Zone of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10 Semi-log CGR

CV

Particulars Regression R2 (per cent per

Constant (per cent)

co-efficient annum)

Area 6.115 0.003NS 0.015 0.693 6.45

(0.046) (0.007)

Production 7.667 0.103** 0.810 26.765 31.95

(0.110) (0.018)

Productivity 3.674 0.044* 0.777 10.662 31.11

(0.051) (0.008)








159 A. Growth Rate

The Decade Analysis of the Delta Zone had shown a spectacular

performance in the Compound Growth Rates of Production and Productivity. The

Production of Guava as well as its Productivity had increased significantly at the

Compound Growth Rates of 26.765 per cent and 10.662 per cent per Annum

respectively. But there had been no appreciable increase in the Area under the

cultivation of Guava during the period under study that is between 2000-01 to

2009-10. It was found to be a Compound Growth Rate of only 0.693 per cent per

Annum.


The Table 3.23 had also revealed that the variation in the volume of Guava

Production was about 31.95 per cent during the period under study. The variation

in respect of Productivity was found to be 31.11 per cent whereas it was found to

be only 6.45 per cent in respect of the Area under Cultivation. Thus it could be

observed that the Delta Zone had experienced considerable variations in respect of

the Production and Productivity of Guava.

3.13 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE HIGH RAINFALL ZONE

The Kanyakumari District had been considered as the High Rainfall Zone

by the Department of Horticulture.




160 3.13.1 The Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Kanyakumari

District of Tamil Nadu

The Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the High Rainfall Zone

(Kanyakumari District) of Tamil Nadu during the period 2000-2001 to 2009-2010,

and their percentage increases or decreases over those of their previous years had

been presented in the Table 3.24.




TABLE 3.24 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the High Rainfall Zone (Kanyakumari District) of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10 Area Production Produ

Year

Increase

Percentage

Increase Percentage

(in

(in (in of Increa or of Increase or Kilograms Hectares) Tonnes) Increase or Decr Decrease or Decrease Decrease per Hectare) Decrease

2000-01 42 290 6905

2001-02 47 5 11.90 215 -75 -25.86 4574 -23

2002-03 67 20 42.55 351 136 63.26 5239 66

2003-04 68 1 1.49 442 91 25.93 6500 126

2004-05 64 -4 -5.88 512 70 15.84 8000 150

2005-06 54 -10 -15.63 589 77 15.04 10907 290

2006-07 69 15 27.78 761 172 29.20 11029 12

2007-08 75 6 8.70 826 65 8.54 11010 -1

2008-09 82 7 9.33 900 74 8.96 10976 -3

2009-10 89 7 8.54 981 81 9.00 11022 47

Sources:

1. Government of Tamil Nadu, Season and Crop Reports of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 20 2. Report on Crop Estimation Survey on Fruits and Vegetables in Tamil Nadu, Office of

Statistics Department, Dindigul.




162

It could be seen from the Table 3.24 that Area of Guava had generally an

increasing trend during the Period under Review. The year 2009-10 had registered

the maximum Area under the cultivation of Guava with 89 Hectares constituting a

8.54 per cent increase in Kanyakumari District over that of the Previous Year

2008-09. The maximum Production of 981 Tonnes constituting a 9 per cent

increase in the year 2005-06 and the maximum Productivity of 11,029 Kilograms

per Hectare in the year 2006-07 constituting an increase of 1.11 per cent were

registered in the High Rainfall Zone during the Study Period of 2000-01 to 2009-

10.

3.13.2 Compound Growth Rate and the Magnitudes of Variability in the High

Rainfall Zone (Kanyakumari District)

The Annual Compound Growth Rate of Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Districts under the High Rainfall Zone of Tamil Nadu during the

period 2000-01 to 2009-10 and their magnitudes of variability had been furnished

in the Table 3.25.




163

TABLE 3.25

Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in the High Rainfall Zone (Kanyakumari District) of Tamil Nadu

from 2000-01 to 2009-10 Semi-log CGR CV

Particulars Regression R 2 (per cent (per

per

Constant

co-efficient cent)

annum)

Area 3.791 0.067* 0.734 16.680 22.44

(0.089) (0.014)

Production 5.364 0.164** 0.931 45.881 45.79

(0.098) (0.016)

Productivity 8.481 0.097* 0.731 25.026 30.88

(0.129) (0.021)




A. Growth Rate

It could be observed from the Table 3.25 that over the period under study,

the Production of Guava had increased at the Compound Growth Rate of 45.881

per cent per Annum. It could also be found that the Area as well as the

Productivity of Guava had increased at the Compound Growth Rates of 16.680 per

cent per Annum and 25.026 per cent per Annum respectively during the study

period. Thus it could be observed that the increase in Production was a function of

the larger extent of the Area that had been brought under the Guava Cultivation.





From the Table 3.25, it could also be observed that the High Rainfall Zone

had experienced a variation of 45.79 per cent in the case of Production, 22.44 per

cent in the case of the Area and 30.88 per cent in case of the Productivity of

Guava. 3.14 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE HILLY AND THE TRIBAL ZONE

The Hilly and the Tribal Zone had covered an Area of 2,549 Square

kilometre. The Area under cultivation was 73,689 Hectares, which was only 28.9

per cent of the Total Geographical Area of the Zone. Furthermore, only 0.84 per

cent of the Total cultivated area had been found to be the irrigated area, that is

only about 621 Hectares had been the irrigated Area. The Annual Normal Rainfall

was 1857 Millimetre. There were no Dams for irrigation in this zone, since there

were no Major Rivers. Paddy and Groundnut were cultivated to a relatively lesser

extent. The Major Crops grown were Tea, Coffee and Vegetables. The Forest area

was 1, 50,139 Hectares which was about 58.9 per cent of the Total Geographical

Area of the Zone. Nilgiris

The Nilgiris popularly known as the “Blue Mountains” was a tiny district in

the Western Ghats located between 11º10' and 11º45' N Latitude and 76º14' and 7702‟ E Longitude. It is bounded by the Kerala State in the North West, Karnataka




165 State on the North, Coimbatore District on the South East and the Erode District

on the North East. Though situated in the Tropical Zone, the District enjoyed a

Subtropical to a Temperate Climate due to its altitude which had helped the

development of the District in respect of the Horticultural Produce.

3.14.1 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Hilly and the

Tribal Zone (Nilgiris District)

The Average Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Hilly and

the Tribal Zone during the Period 2000-01 to 2009-10 and the percentage increase

or decrease of these measures over those of the previous years had been presented

in the Table 3.26.




TABLE 3.26 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Hilly and the Tribal Zo (Nilgiris District) of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Area Production

Year

(in Increase Percentage of Increase Percentage of (in or Increase or ( in Tonnes) or Increase or Kilograms Hectares) Decrease Decrease Decrease Decrease per Hectare)

2000-01 38 242 6368

2001-02 33 -5 -13.16 151 -91 -37.60 4576

2002-03 31 -2 -6.06 162 11 7.28 5226

2003-04 31 0 0.00 442 280 172.84 14258

2004-05 34 3 9.68 272 -170 -38.46 8000

2005-06 31 -3 -8.82 338 66 24.26 10903

2006-07 36 5 16.13 397 59 17.46 11028

2007-08 37 1 2.78 429 32 8.06 11595

2008-09 43 6 16.22 470 41 9.56 10930

2009-10 46 3 6.98 512 42 8.94 11130

Sources: 1. Government of Tamil Nadu, Season and Crop Reports of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01

2. Report on Crop Estimation Survey on Fruits and Vegetables in Tamil Nadu, Office and Statistics Department, Dindigul.




167

It is evident from Table 3.26 that the Area under cultivation of Guava in

Nilgiris District had increased gradually. During the year 2009-10, Nilgiris District

had registered the maximum Area under cultivation of Guava with 46 Hectares

with a maximum percentage increase of 16.22 per cent over that of the year 2008-

09. As far as the Production was concerned, the maximum Production in Nilgiris

District had registered with 512 Tonnes in the year 2009-10 with the maximum

increase of 172.84 per cent over the Previous Year 2002-03. The year 2003-04 had

registered the remarkable Productivity of 14258.06 Kilograms per Hectare,

constituting a 172.84 percentage over that of the Previous Year 2002-03 in this

High Rainfall Zone of Nilgiris District.

3.14.2 Compound Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability in

the Nilgiris District

The Annual Compound Growth Rate of the Area, Production and

Productivity of Guava in the Nilgiris District of Tamil Nadu during the period

2000-01 to 2009-10 and their Magnitudes of variability had been furnished in the

Table 3.27.




168

TABLE 3.27

Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in the Hilly and the Tribal Zone of Tamil Nadu (Nilgiris District)

from 2000-01 to 2009-10 Semi-log CGR CV

Particulars

R 2 (per cent

Regression (per

Constant per

co-efficient cent)

annum)

Area 3.414 0.029* 0.407 6.905 14.40

(0.077) (0.012)

Production 5.106 0.118* 0.660 31.220 37.76

(0.186) (0.030)

Productivity 8.600 0.089* 0.492 22.744 33.73

(0.198) (0.032)



**Significant at the One per cent level. NS–Not Significant.

A. Growth Rate

From the Table 3.27 it could be observed that over the period under the

study the Production of Guava had increased by a Compound Growth Rate of

31.22 per cent per Annum. It could also be found that the Area as well as

Productivity increased at the Compound Growth Rates of 6.905 per cent and

22.744 per cent per Annum respectively during the Study Period. Thus it could be

observed from the Table 3.27 that there had been an increase in Guava Production

and this was probably the result of both an increase in the Area of Guava

Cultivation as well as due to an increase in the Productivity of Guava.





It could also be observed from the Table 3.27 that the Nilgiris District of

the Hilly Zone had recorded a variation of 37.76 per cent in case of Production,

14.40 per cent in respect of the Area and 33.73 per cent in respect of Productivity. 3.15 GUAVA PRODUCTION IN THE DINDIGUL DISTRICT

In Guava Production, the Dindigul District had a prestigious position in Tamil

Nadu. Guava was one of the main fruits grown and it had a long history. The

production of Guava in this District has been quite encouraging as also very

lucrative. 3.15.1 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Dindigul District in

Tamil Nadu

The Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Dindigul District

of Tamil Nadu and their percentage increase or decrease over their previous years

had been presented in the Table 3.28




TABLE 3.28 Area, Production and Productivity of Guava in the Dindigul District of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Area Production P

Year Increase Percentage Increase Percentage ( in ( in of ( in of kilograms

or or Hectares) Increase or Tonnes) Increase or per Decrease Decrease Decrease Decrease Hectare)

2000-01 1763 11223 6366 2001-02 1695 -68 -3.86 7735 -3488 -31.08 4563 2002-03 1667 -28 -1.65 8722 987 12.76 5232 2003-04 958 -709 -42.53 6726 -1996 -22.88 7021 2004-05 996 38 3.97 7963 1237 18.39 7995 2005-06 980 -16 -1.61 10686 2723 34.20 10904 2006-07 953 -27 -2.76 10512 -174 -1.63 11030 2007-08 1034 81 8.50 11406 894 8.50 11031 2008-09 1127 93 8.99 12432 1026 9.00 11031 2009-10 1229 102 9.05 13551 1119 9.00 11026 Sources:

1. Government of Tamil Nadu, Season and Crop Reports of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 20

2. Reports on Crop Estimation Survey on Fruits and Vegetables in Tamil Nadu, Office of

Statistics Department, Dindigul.




171

From the Table 3.28 it could be observed that the Area under Guava

Cultivation got significantly reduced from the level of 1763 hectares in 2000-2001

to the level of 953 Hectares which was a 2.76 percentage decline in 2006-2007

over that of the Previous Year of 2005-06. In the year 2003-04 there was a heavy

shortfall in Area at 42.53 per cent. A severe attack of the Guava Wilt disease and

the absence of the introduction of new Hybrid cultivars were the major reasons for

the decline in the Area under the cultivation of Guava in the Dindigul District.

However, the Area under Guava Cultivation started increasing gradually from the

Year 2007-2008 onwards. The Area had subsequently increased to 1034 hectares

in 2007-2008, which again had increased to the level of 1127 Hectares in 2008-

2009 registering a 8.99 percentage increase in the annual growth rate over that of

the Year 2007-2008. The Technology Development in Guava Cultivation had been

the main reason for such a significant increase in Area during this period. The

Area had reached the maximum level of 1229 Hectares in 2009-2010, registering a

9.05 per cent annual growth rate over that of the Previous Year of 2008-09.

As far as the Production of Guava in the Dindigul District was concerned the

Table 3.28 had exhibited a fluctuating trend till the year 2004-05. The reasons that

could be attributed to the decrease in production could be traced to the incidence




172 of diseases, unfavourable climatic conditions as also to the decrease in the Area of

Guava Cultivation. The Production had picked up by an increase of 8.50 per cent

in 2007-08, compared to that of the previous year of 2006-07, and thereafter there

had been a gradual and steady increase in Production. This might be due to the

increase in the area of Guava Cultivation, which in its turn might have been due

Technological Development in respect of New Cultivars. Thus it could be inferred

from the Table 3.28 that, there had been wide fluctuations in the Production of

Guava.

With regard to Productivity, the Table 3.28 had revealed that the

Productivity of Guava per Hectare in the Dindigul District had varied between

4563 kilograms and 11031 kilograms during the period under Review. The

Productivity of Guava per Hectare, which stood at 6365 kilograms in 2000-2001,

decreased to the level of 4563 Kilograms per Hectare in 2001-2002 and had

increased to 5232 Kilograms per Hectare in the following year of 2002-03

registering an increase in the annual growth rate to the extent of 14.65 per cent

over that of the previous year of 2001-02. A spectacular increase in the

Productivity of a 36.39 per cent increase was noticeable in the year 2005-2006

over that of the year of 2004-05. From 2007-2008 there had been a insignificant

rise in respect of Productivity. A Negative annual growth rate of 0.05 per cent had

been registered in the year 2009-2010. It could be inferred that further efforts had




173 not been taken by the Horticultural Department to increase the Productivity of

Guava in the Dindigul District.


The Annual Compound Growth Rate in the Area, Production and

Productivity of Guava in the Dindigul District in Tamil Nadu and their

Magnitudes of variability had been furnished in the Table 3.29

TABLE 3.29

Trend, Growth Rates and the Magnitudes of Variability of Guava Cultivation in

the Dindigul District of Tamil Nadu from 2000-01 to 2009-10

Semi-log CGR (per CV

Particulars Constant Regression R2 cent per (per

co-efficient annum) cent)

Area 7.377 -0.052NS 0.379 -12.720 26.97

(0.145) (0.023)

Production 8.931 0.048* 0.413 11.686 21.97

(0.127) (0.020)

Productivity 8.461 0.100* 0.775 25.892 31.03

(0.118) (0.019)

Source: Compiled from Tables 3.28.



A. Growth Rate

It could be observed from the Table 3.29 that over the period of 2000-01 to

2009-10 under Study, the Production of Guava had increased at the Annual

Compound Growth Rate of 11.686 per cent per annum. It could also be found that

the Area under the Guava Cultivation had decreased at the Compound Growth




174 Rate of 12.720 per cent per annum, whereas the Productivity had increased at the

Compound Growth Rate of 25.892 per cent per annum. Thus it could be observed

that, the reason for the increase in production might have been due to the good

adaptability of the Guava for a wide range of climatic conditions. B. Magnitude of variability

From the Table 3.29, it could also be observed that the Dindigul District

had recorded a variation of 21.97 per cent in respect of production; 26.97 per cent

in respect of the Area and a 31.03 per cent variation in the case of the Productivity

of Guava. 3.16 SUMMARY

The present chapter entitled „Guava Production–An Overview‟, had

highlighted the essentials of the Secondary Data related to Area under the

cultivation of Guava and its Production during the different periods of time in the

Major Guava producing countries of the World. The Area under the Cultivation of

Guava and its Production in India, in Tamil Nadu and in the Seven Agro Climatic

Zones of Tamil Nadu had also been discussed. The Statistical Tools like the

Averages, the Percentages, the Ranking, approach and their percentage increase or

decrease in Area, Production and Productivity, the Standard Deviation and the Co-

efficient of Variation had all been used for purposes of Analysis.




chapter–iii guava production–an...

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