CHARACTERISTICS• EUKARYOTIC• MOST

MULTICELLULAR• HETEROTROPHIC :

Decomposers!!– SAPROBES OR

PARASITIC

• BODY IS MADE OF HYPHAE

• HAVE CELL WALLS MADE OF CHITIN

• EARLIEST FUNGI FOSSILS ARE ABOUT 500 MILLION YEARS OLD

• A FUNGUS IN WASHINGTON STATE COVERS AN AREA OF 1500 ACRES

• FUNGI REPRODUCE ASEXUALLY AND SEXUALLY, AND ARE CHARACTERIZED BY THEIR METHOD OF REPRODUCTION

PROSPROS• EDIBLE• DECOMPOSERS• BREADS• PENICILLUM• CYCLOSPORINE• PREFERRED OVER

BACTERIA FOR GENETIC ENGINEERING

CONSCONS• ATHLETES FOOT• JOCK ITCH• YEAST

INFECTIONS• MOLDY BREAD• MILDEW • RINGWORM• SOME ARE TOXIC• HISTOPLASMOSIS

(95% in H.I.V. cases)• SICK BUILDING

SYNDROME

S E X U A L R E P R O D U C TIO N

Z Y G O S P O R E S

Z Y G O M Y C O TA

A S C O S P O R E S

A S C O M Y C O TA

B A S ID IO S P O R E S

B A S ID IO M Y C O TA

U N K N O W N

D E U TE R O M Y C O TA

D IV IS IO N S

• “CLUB FUNGI”

• 25,000 SPECIES

• MOSTLY TERRESTRIAL

• INCLUDES THE MUSHROOMS, TOADSTOOLS, PUFFBALLS, SHELF FUNGI, RUSTS AND SMUTS

• 600 SPECIES• COMMONLY

FOUND IN SOIL & DUNG

• INCLUDES THE BLACK BREAD MOLDS

• ZYGOMYCETES ARE COENOCYTIC (HYPHAE LACK SEPTA)

Bread mold

• “SAC FUNGI”

• 30,000 SPECIES

• FOUND IN SOIL, DUNG, ROTTING LOGS, SALT AND FRESH WATER.

• INCLUDES: YEASTS, MORELS, MILDEWS, & MOLDS.

• “FUNGI IMPERFECTI”

• 10,000 SPECIES• TERRESTRIAL• INCLUDES

ASPERGILLUS, PENICILLUM, ATHLETE’S FOOT, & RINGWORM

Lichens

of Zygomycota• ASEXUAL

REPRODUCTION: SPORANGIA FORM AT THE TIPS OF SPORANGIO-PHORES. THE SPORANGIA PRODUCE SPORES THAT ARE DISPERSED BY WIND.

of Zygomycota• SEXUAL

REPRODUCTION IS CALLED CONJUGATION. 2 MATING STRAINS JOIN AND FORM A ZYGOSPORE. MEIOSIS OCCURS WHEN SPRORE GERMINATES.

• ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION: CONIDIA (SPORES) ARE FORMED ON THE ENDS OF CONIDIOPHORES.

• YEASTS: BUDDING

of Ascomycota

• THE REPRODUCTIVE BODY IS CALLED AN ASCOCARP.

• SACS CALLED ASCI FORM ON THE SURFACE OF THE ASCOCARP.

• EACH ASCUS CONTAINS 8 HAPLOID ASCOSPORES.

of Ascomycota

• ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IS CALLED FRAGMENTATION.

• THIS FORM OF REPRODUCTION IS RARE IN THIS GROUP, EXCEPT IN SOME RUSTS AND SMUTS.

of Basidomycota

of Basidomycota• THE REPRODUCTIVE

BODY IS CALLED A BASIDIOCARP.

• THE UNDERSIDE OF THE MUSHROOM CAP IS LINED WITH GILLS.

• CLUB SHAPED REPRODUCTIVE CELLS CALLED BASIDIA FORM ON THE GILLS.

• THE BASIDIA PRODUCES BASIDIOSPORES & RELEASE THEM WHEN CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE.

• ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION: CONIDIA (SPORES) ARE FORMED ON THE ENDS OF CONIDIOPHORES.

of Dueteromycota

• FUNGI IN WHICH SEXUAL REPRODUCTION HAS NOT BEEN OBSERVED

of Dueteromycota