checked 9-11-15 chapter iii multilinks

8/20/2019 Checked 9-11-15 Chapter III Multilinks

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CHAPTER III

Methods and Procedures

Brief introduction of the chapter

Research Design

Being able to have and understand a research design is an essential factor of a

research project’s success. A research design will add more knowledge to the process of

enhancing design for the project. This could also help in evaluating effectiveness of other

process you might want to apply in the study. This particular chapter contains other some

ways of processing a research project. It helps in informative and in a descriptive way. It

also has the information about the influence of society within a certain area which adds

more ideas regarding the project.

The researchers made use of various techniques by developing an automated

lending system for ultilinks !ending Investor "orporation.

Descriptive Research

This methods deals refers to the research technique that helps the

researchers understand the study they are doing. It answers the question who#

what# where# and when.it is important that the researchers know the purpose of

their study and understand the problems and how they can be help to the company

they chose to conduct their study.

Historical Research

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This method is the accumulation of facts in relation to a particular time

sequence to determine whether or what certain events in history actually

happened. This method is used to the present lending system and with this

understanding in turn can help to establish a sound basis for further progress and

improvement. $istorical background of the company helps the researchers to

grasp the idea beyond the present lending system that encourage the researchers to

develop a better system.

Research Setting

The study was conducted at ultilinks !ending Investor "orporation located at

%adevine Building# %.& 'i(al )t.# &oblacion# #Balanga "ity# Bataan.

*igure +, -icinity ap make it more appealing# use

road arrows/

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*igure 0 , ultilinks !ending Investor "orporation

*igure 1, *ront of the 2ffice

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*igure 3, 2ffice of the staffs

*igure 4, 5aiting Area

Respondents of the Study

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The respondents of the study are the borrowers of the entity. The respondents can

give direct answers about the entity that can provide reliable ideas and information.

Table 6, 7istribution of &opulation

Respondents No of Population Percentage of population

!orro"ers 689 699:

Total 689 699:

Deter#intation of sa#ple si$e

To determine the sample si(e of the study# the following formula was used by the

researchers,

V ¿¿

NSe+¿

1=¿ NV +[Se

2

x (1− p ) ]¿

S¿

5here,

S1 ; )ample )i(e

N ; Total number of population

V ; the standard value 8.04/ of 6 percent level of probability with 9.


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Table 8, =umber of )ample >nits

Respondents No of Population Nu#%er of Sa#ple &nits

!orro"ers 689

Total '()

Table ?, *requency and &ercentage 7istribution of the 'espondents

Respondents No of Respondents Percentage of Respondents

Students 699:

Total '))*

Sa#pling Techni+ue

This research is based on purposive sampling technique. The researcher will make

contact to the potential respondents and this process will last until there is enough

respondents willing to participate in this research. The samples are selected on the basis

of the knowledge# connection and judgment of the researcher in the financial industry.

Preparation and validation of the Instru#ents

The researchers find it hard to make questionnaires. The preparation starts from

the approval of the statement of the problem. After formulation# the approval of the

statement of the problems# the researchers started to make questions. "lose@ended

questions were used by the researchers to avoid the respondents from getting tired and

uninterested in answering the question. In addition# that is because answers from that type

of question are easier to tabulate and interpret. )ubsequent to that# the questionnaire was

finally approved and validated by their instructor# rs. %ennifer ejia.

Data ,athering Instru#ents

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The researchers made use of the following data gathering instruments for precise

and accurate data,

An interview is a research instruments which uses to have accurate and precise

information. Interview is a conversation between two or more people where questions are

asked by the interviewer to obtain from the interviewee. This technique can fully help the

researchers with their questions in terms of understanding the flow of the company.

A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions and

other prompts for the purpose of gathering information from the respondents. The

researchers use the questionnaire as their research instruments to have additional

information from other persons related to the company in order for the researchers to

know the different opinion of the respondents.

Data ,athering Procedure

Before gathering information the researchers should first decide and chose where

to conduct their study. They should think and find an organi(ation that will serve as their

area of investigation. After coming up with the ideas the researchers decided that

ultilinks !ending Investor "orporation in Balanga "ity will be a good place to conduct

their study. The researchers then prepare a letter to be given to the authori(ed person of

the organi(ation. In the letter# the researchers are asking for permission if they can

conduct their study by gathering information in the organi(ation. The letter of permission

is given to the officer in charge s. a. Teresa ansueto. As soon as the approval was

made# the researchers start to have an observation on the organi(ation. Together with the

observation# researchers formulate a draft of interview for the manager# as it was finished

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they made a personal interview with the officer in charge at their office. All questions are

prepared and they are logically prearranged. They also make questionnaires for the staffs

and the members of the ultilinks !ending Investors "orporation. oreover# they take

pictures inside the corporation# office# its facilities# equipment and the personnel of the

organi(ation.

Statistical Tools-Treat#ent

A research is probable to involve statistical organi(ation and comparison of facts. The

following statistical tools are used by the researchers in the analysis and interpretation of

collected data.

Percentage

It is the result achieved by multiplying a quantity by a percent. This statistical tool is use

to determine the quantitative relation to the responses.

& ; *n/ C 699

5here,

& ; &ercentage * ; *requency n ; =o. of respondents

Soft"are Develop#ent Methodology

The body of methods# rules# postulates# procedures# and processes that are used to

manage a software engineering project are collectively referred to as a methodology.

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)oftware 7evelopment ethodology is concerned with the process of creating software @

not so much the technical side but the organi(ational aspects.

The project usually begins with a formal request to the IT department# called a

systems request# which describes problems or desired changes in an information system

or a business process. In many companies# IT systems planning is an integral part of

overall business planning. 5hen managers and users develop their business plans# they

usually include IT requirements that generate systems requests. A systems request can

come from a top manager# a planning team# a department head# or the IT department

itself. The request can be very significant or relatively minor. A major request might

involve a new information system or the upgrading of an eDisting system. In contrast# a

minor request might ask for a new feature or a change to the user interface.

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.igure /0 Syste# Develop#ent 1ife Cycle

' Syste#s Planning

The purpose of this phase is to perform a preliminary investigation to evaluate

an IT@related business opportunity or problem. The preliminary investigation is a

critical step because the outcome will affect the entire development process. A key

part of the preliminary investigation is a feasibility study that reviews anticipated

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costs and benefits and recommends a course of action based on operational# technical#

economic# and time factors.

)uppose you are a systems analyst and you receive a request for a system

change or improvement. Eour first step is to determine whether it makes sense to

launch a preliminary investigation at all. 2ften you will need to learn more about

business operations before you can reach a conclusion. After an investigation# you

might find that the information system functions properly# but users need more

training. In some situations# you might recommend a business process review# rather

than an IT solution. In other cases# you might conclude that a full@scale systems

review is necessary. If the development process continues# the neDt step is the systems

analysis phase.

( Syste#s Analysis

The purpose of the systems analysis phase is to build a logical model of the

new system. The first step is requirements modeling# where you investigate business

processes and document what the new system must do to satisfy users. Requirements

modeling continues the investigation that began during the systems planning phase.

To understand the system# you perform fact@finding using techniques such as

interviews# surveys# document review# observation# and sampling. Eou use the fact@

finding results to build business models# data and process models# and object models.

)ystems 7evelopment ethods &hase 6 )ystems &lanning The phases and

deliverables of the )7!" are shown in the waterfall model.

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The deliverable for the systems analysis phase is the system requirements

document. The system requirements document describes management and user

requirements# costs and benefits# and outlines alternative development strategies.

2 Syste#s Design

The purpose of the systems design phase is to create a physical model that will

satisfy all documented requirements for the system. At this stage# you design the user

interface and identify necessary outputs# inputs# and processes. In addition# you

design internal and eDternal controls# including computer@based and manual features

to guarantee that the system will be reliable# accurate# maintainable# and secure.

7uring the systems design phase# you also determine the application architecture#

which programmers will use to transform the logical design into program modules

and code.

The deliverable for this phase is the system design specification# which is

presented to management and users for review and approval. anagement and user

involvement is critical to avoid any misunderstanding about what the new system will

do# how it will do it# and what it will cost.

3 Syste#s I#ple#entation

7uring the systems implementation phase# the new system is constructed.

5hether the developers use structured analysis or 2@2 methods# the procedure is the

same F programs are written# tested# and documented# and the system is installed. If

the system was purchased as a package# systems analysts configure the software and

perform any necessary modifications. The objective of the systems implementation

phase is to deliver a completely functioning and documented information system. At

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the conclusion of this phase# the system is ready for use. *inal preparations include

converting data to the new system’s files# training users# and performing the actual

transition to the new system.

The systems implementation phase also includes an assessment# called a

systems evaluation# to determine whether the system operates properly and if costs

and benefits are within eDpectations.

4 Syste#s Support And Security

7uring the systems support and security phase# the IT staff maintains#

enhances# and protects the system. aintenance changes correct errors and adapt to

changes in the environment# such as new taD rates. Gnhancements provide new

features and benefits. The objective during this phase is to maDimi(e return on the IT

investment. )ecurity controls safeguard the system from both eDternal and internal

threats. A well@designed system must be secure# reliable# maintainable# and scalable.

A scalable design can eDpand to meet new business requirements and volumes.

Information systems development is always a work in progress. Business processes

change rapidly# and most information systems need to be updated significantly or

replaced after several years of operation.

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