chemical bonding - weeblychemistryatnd.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/3/22338474/tues_sept_10_… ·...

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bonding.notebook 1 September 10, 2013 Feb 49:58 AM WHY DO DIFFERENT COMPOUNDS HAVE DIFFERENT PROPERTIES???? PROPERTIES IONIC COMPOUNDS MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS state at room temp solid mainly gases, some liquids and soft solids melting point high low solubility in water most are soluble most are insoluble conducts electricity when in solution yes no Sep 78:54 AM Chemical Bonding Learning Goals: To review the difference in electron activity between an Ionic bond and a Covalent bond To define electronegativity, and understand its importance in covalent bonds To distinguish between a nonpolar and a polar covalent bond Jan 149:02 AM Bonding involves the interaction of VALENCE ELECTRONS of atoms The new compound formed is more stable than the atoms were separately *movie of rxn Jan 149:02 AM One atom loses its valence electrons and the other atom gains them Generally between a metal atom (low ionization energy) and a nonmetal atom (high electron affinity) Metal loses valence electrons…..becomes a positive ion (+) Nonmetal gains valence electrons….becomes a negative ion ()

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Page 1: Chemical Bonding - Weeblychemistryatnd.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/3/22338474/tues_sept_10_… · Chemical Bonding Learning Goals: To review the difference in electron ... bonding.notebook

bonding.notebook

1

September 10, 2013

Feb 4­9:58 AM

WHY DO DIFFERENT COMPOUNDS HAVE DIFFERENT PROPERTIES????

PROPERTIES IONIC COMPOUNDS

MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

state at room temp solid mainly gases, some liquids and soft solids

melting point high low

solubility in water most are soluble most are insoluble

conducts electricity when in solution

yes no

Sep 7­8:54 AM

Chemical BondingLearning Goals:

To review the difference in electron activity between an Ionic bond and a Covalent bond

To define electronegativity, and understand its importance in covalent bonds

To distinguish between a nonpolar and a polar covalent bond

Jan 14­9:02 AM

Bonding involves the interaction of VALENCE ELECTRONS of atoms

The new compound formed is more stable than the atoms were separately

*movie of rxn

Jan 14­9:02 AM

One atom loses its valence electrons and the other atom gains themGenerally between a metal atom (low ionization energy) and a nonmetal atom (high electron affinity)

Metal loses valence electrons…..becomes a positive ion  (+)

Nonmetal gains valence electrons….becomes a negative ion (­)

Page 2: Chemical Bonding - Weeblychemistryatnd.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/3/22338474/tues_sept_10_… · Chemical Bonding Learning Goals: To review the difference in electron ... bonding.notebook

bonding.notebook

2

September 10, 2013

Jan 14­9:02 AM

Drawing Lewis Structures for Ionic Compounds

ArNe

Jan 14­9:02 AM

Jan 14­9:02 AM Jan 14­9:02 AM

Page 3: Chemical Bonding - Weeblychemistryatnd.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/3/22338474/tues_sept_10_… · Chemical Bonding Learning Goals: To review the difference in electron ... bonding.notebook

bonding.notebook

3

September 10, 2013

Jan 14­9:02 AM Jan 14­9:02 AM

Jan 14­9:02 AM Jan 14­9:02 AM

  Two atoms share valence electrons

Generally between 2 nonmetals (high ionization energy, electron affinity)

Page 4: Chemical Bonding - Weeblychemistryatnd.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/3/22338474/tues_sept_10_… · Chemical Bonding Learning Goals: To review the difference in electron ... bonding.notebook

bonding.notebook

4

September 10, 2013

Jan 14­9:02 AM Jan 14­9:02 AM

Drawing Lewis Structures for Covalent Compounds

NeNe.. ......

. . ......

Jan 14­9:02 AM Jan 14­9:02 AM

lewis structure movie

Page 5: Chemical Bonding - Weeblychemistryatnd.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/3/22338474/tues_sept_10_… · Chemical Bonding Learning Goals: To review the difference in electron ... bonding.notebook

bonding.notebook

5

September 10, 2013

Jan 14­9:02 AM

Sometimes the shared pair of electrons is NOT SHARED 

EQUALLY!!!

AND THIS AFFECTS THE PROPERTIES OF THE COVALENT COMPOUND

Jan 14­9:02 AM

NONPOLAR (PURE) COVALENT BOND:  BOTH ARE RELATIVELY JUST AS GOOD AT ATTRACTING THOSE VALENCE ELECTRONS

POLAR COVALENT BOND:  ONE ATOM IS A LITTLE BETTER AT ATTRACTING THE ELECTRONS INTO ITS VALENCE SHELL THAN THE OTHER

Jan 14­9:02 AM Jan 14­9:02 AM

ELECTRONEGATIVITY increases because smaller atoms have a stronger positive nuclear charge, and can draw electrons closer to it.

Page 6: Chemical Bonding - Weeblychemistryatnd.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/3/22338474/tues_sept_10_… · Chemical Bonding Learning Goals: To review the difference in electron ... bonding.notebook

bonding.notebook

6

September 10, 2013

Jan 14­9:02 AM Jan 14­9:02 AM

ELECTRONEGATIVITY HAS TO DO WITH 

HOW WELL AN ATOM HOLDS

THE SHARED PAIR OF ELECTRONS

IN ITS SHELL

Jan 14­9:02 AM

When two atoms are involved in a bond, COMPARE THEIR ELECTRONEGATIVITIES.The difference between their ELECTRONEGATIVITIES  will determine the type of bond.

How do we use ELECTRONEGATIVITY?

Jan 14­9:02 AM

electronegativity movie

Page 7: Chemical Bonding - Weeblychemistryatnd.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/3/22338474/tues_sept_10_… · Chemical Bonding Learning Goals: To review the difference in electron ... bonding.notebook

bonding.notebook

7

September 10, 2013

Jan 14­9:02 AM

OXYGEN GAS, O2

=

EN O =

EN O =

Jan 14­9:02 AM

WATER, H2O

=

"dipole"

EN  H =EN  O =

Jan 14­9:02 AM

Drawing Lewis Structures for Polar Covalent Compounds

Jan 14­9:02 AM

Lewis movie

Page 8: Chemical Bonding - Weeblychemistryatnd.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/3/22338474/tues_sept_10_… · Chemical Bonding Learning Goals: To review the difference in electron ... bonding.notebook

bonding.notebook

8

September 10, 2013

Jan 14­9:05 AM