chemistry notes acids and bases. what are some common acids? vinegar (acetic acid) carbonated drinks...
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![Page 1: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chemistry Notes
Acids and Bases
![Page 2: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What are some common acids?
Vinegar (acetic acid)
Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid)
Citrus fruits (citric acid)
Car battery (sulfuric acid)
![Page 3: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What are some common bases?
Milk of magnesia (an antacid containing magnesium hydroxide)
Many cleaning products (ammonia, etc)
![Page 4: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What properties do acids have?
Acids tend to be:
Tart or sour tasting
Electrolytes (in solution)
They can cause chemical dyes (called indicators) to
change colors
![Page 5: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What properties do bases have?
Bases tend to be:
Bitter tasting
Slippery feeling when touched
Able to neutralize an acid
Also electrolytes (in solution)
![Page 6: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is an acid?
An acid is a compound that produces hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
The formula would be HaX, where X is any monatomic or polyatomic anion and a is the anion’s charge.
![Page 7: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Naming an Acid
When the name of the anion (X) ends in –ide, the name begins with hydro-, then the stem of the anion, then the name ends with –ic acid instead of -ide.
ex) HCl is hydrochloric acid
![Page 8: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
When the name of the ion ends in –ite, then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ous acid instead of –ite.
H2SO3 is sulfurous acid
Naming an Acid
![Page 9: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
When the name of the ion ends in –ate, then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ic acid instead of-ate.
H2SO4 is sulfuric acid
Naming an Acid
![Page 10: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Naming an Acid
Negative ion: Acid Name:
_____ ide hydro___ic acid
_____ ite _____ous acid
_____ ate _____ic acid
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What is a base?A base is a compound that
produces hydroxide (OH-) ions when in solution.
Bases are named the same way that an ionic compound would be named.
NaOH is sodium Hydroxide
![Page 12: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Name the following acids and bases:
• HClO3
• H3PO4
• HF
• HNO3
• KOH
• Ba(OH)2
• H3PO3
![Page 13: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Name the following acids and bases:
• HClO3 chloric acid
• H3PO4
• HF
• HNO3
• KOH
• Ba(OH)2
• H3PO3
![Page 14: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Name the following acids and bases:
• HClO3 chloric acid
• H3PO4 phosphoric acid
• HF
• HNO3
• KOH
• Ba(OH)2
• H3PO3
![Page 15: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Name the following acids and bases:
• HClO3 chloric acid
• H3PO4 phosphoric acid
• HF hydrofluoric acid
• HNO3
• KOH
• Ba(OH)2
• H3PO3
![Page 16: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Name the following acids and bases:
• HClO3 chloric acid
• H3PO4 phosphoric acid
• HF hydrofluoric acid
• HNO3 nitric acid
• KOH
• Ba(OH)2
• H3PO3
![Page 17: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Name the following acids and bases:
• HClO3 chloric acid
• H3PO4 phosphoric acid
• HF hydrofluoric acid
• HNO3 nitric acid
• KOH potassium hydroxide
• Ba(OH)2
• H3PO3
![Page 18: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Name the following acids and bases:
• HClO3 chloric acid
• H3PO4 phosphoric acid
• HF hydrofluoric acid
• HNO3 nitric acid
• KOH potassium hydroxide
• Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide
• H3PO3
![Page 19: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Name the following acids and bases:
• HClO3 chloric acid
• H3PO4 phosphoric acid
• HF hydrofluoric acid
• HNO3 nitric acid
• KOH potassium hydroxide
• Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide
• H3PO3 phosphorous acid
![Page 20: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Write the formula for the following:
• hydroiodic acid
• calcium hydroxide
• nitrous acid
• ammonium hydroxide
• nitric acid
• hydrobromic acid
• phosphoric acid
![Page 21: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Write the formula for the following:
• hydroiodic acid HI
• calcium hydroxide
• nitrous acid
• ammonium hydroxide
• nitric acid
• hydrobromic acid
• phosphoric acid
![Page 22: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Write the formula for the following:
• hydroiodic acid HI
• calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
• nitrous acid
• ammonium hydroxide
• nitric acid
• hydrobromic acid
• phosphoric acid
![Page 23: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Write the formula for the following:
• hydroiodic acid HI
• calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
• nitrous acid HNO2
• ammonium hydroxide
• nitric acid
• hydrobromic acid
• phosphoric acid
![Page 24: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Write the formula for the following:
• hydroiodic acid HI
• calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
• nitrous acid HNO2
• ammonium hydroxide NH4OH
• nitric acid
• hydrobromic acid
• phosphoric acid
![Page 25: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Write the formula for the following:
• hydroiodic acid HI
• calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
• nitrous acid HNO2
• ammonium hydroxide NH4OH
• nitric acid HNO3
• hydrobromic acid
• phosphoric acid
![Page 26: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Write the formula for the following:
• hydroiodic acid HI
• calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
• nitrous acid HNO2
• ammonium hydroxide NH4OH
• nitric acid HNO3
• hydrobromic acid HBr
• phosphoric acid
![Page 27: Chemistry Notes Acids and Bases. What are some common acids? Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c0251a28abf838cd544d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Write the formula for the following:
• hydroiodic acid HI
• calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
• nitrous acid HNO2
• ammonium hydroxide NH4OH
• nitric acid HNO3
• hydrobromic acid HBr
• phosphoric acid H3PO4