China’s Earliest China’s Earliest CivilizationCivilization

Pre-ClassPre-Class

►Using pages 328 – 329Using pages 328 – 329►List how the Shang Dynasty began to List how the Shang Dynasty began to

shape the Chinese Civilizationshape the Chinese Civilization Government Government ReligionReligion AchievementsAchievements 3 items for each3 items for each

Achievements of the ShangAchievements of the Shang►Government:Government:

Dynastic Rule began (page 329)Dynastic Rule began (page 329)►Mandate of Heaven - ZhouMandate of Heaven - Zhou

Built palaces, temples, & royal burial Built palaces, temples, & royal burial sitessites

Battled nomadic invadersBattled nomadic invaders►Fought with wheeled chariots (Middle Fought with wheeled chariots (Middle

East?)East?) Supervised irrigation & flood control Supervised irrigation & flood control

projectsprojects►Benefitted people strengthened ruleBenefitted people strengthened rule

Mandate of Heaven: ancestors in heaven chose their leaders,

granted right to ruleloyalty was exchanged for good

government like “Divine Right of Kings” in Western

Europe

Achievements of the ShangAchievements of the Shang►Religion:Religion:

Shang Di chief GodShang Di chief God King served as the link between heaven King served as the link between heaven

& Earth to please the gods& Earth to please the gods►Heaven home to gods and spiritsHeaven home to gods and spirits

Priests used Oracle Bones to consult Priests used Oracle Bones to consult with ancestors (page 328)with ancestors (page 328)

http://www.ancientchina.co.uk/writing/explore/intro.html

Achievements of the ShangAchievements of the Shang

►Achievements:Achievements: Developed their own form of writingDeveloped their own form of writing Ideographs: symbols to express ideas Ideographs: symbols to express ideas

such as beauty, joy & justicesuch as beauty, joy & justice Accurate calendarAccurate calendar Bronze makingBronze making SilkSilk potterypottery

Random videosRandom videos

►Silk Road 2:34 2:34►Inventions 2:31 2:31

Three Chinese Three Chinese Schools of Thought & Schools of Thought &

BuddhismBuddhism

ConfucianismConfucianism►China’s best known philosopherChina’s best known philosopher►Born around 551BCBorn around 551BC►Developed ideas about how to restore Developed ideas about how to restore

peace and ensure harmony in Analectspeace and ensure harmony in Analects►Taught 5 relationships must govern Taught 5 relationships must govern

human societyhuman society Hierarchy: any system of persons Hierarchy: any system of persons

or things ranked above or things ranked above one another one another

ConfucianismConfucianism►Taught 5 relationships must govern Taught 5 relationships must govern

human society: human society: Relationships Relationships

►Ruler & ruledRuler & ruled►Father & sonFather & son►Older brother & younger brotherOlder brother & younger brother►Husband & wifeHusband & wife►Friend & friendFriend & friend

ConfucianismConfucianism

►The superior person should set the The superior person should set the example for the inferior personexample for the inferior person

►Family and society should be placed Family and society should be placed above the individualabove the individual

►Filial Piety: the duty and respect that Filial Piety: the duty and respect that children owe their parentschildren owe their parents

ConfucianismConfucianism

► Importance on EducationImportance on Education►Education shapes Chinese governmentEducation shapes Chinese government

Forbidden City Video 2:40Forbidden City Video 2:40►Civil Service Exam: merit (Civil Service Exam: merit (page 339 Exam page 339 Exam

Time)Time) To ensure officials shared Confucius traditions and values - HanTo ensure officials shared Confucius traditions and values - Han

►Confucian ideas spread & influenced Confucian ideas spread & influenced cultures of Korea, Japan, & Vietnamcultures of Korea, Japan, & Vietnam

DaoismDaoism

►Founder of Daoism: Lao ZiFounder of Daoism: Lao Zi►Link between people and nature rather Link between people and nature rather

than the importance of proper than the importance of proper behaviorbehavior

►The Way of VirtueThe Way of Virtue►Dao Dao means the waymeans the way

““Those who know the Dao do no speak of Those who know the Dao do no speak of it; those who speak of it do not know it”it; those who speak of it do not know it”

DaoismDaoism

► Yin and Yang (reading)Yin and Yang (reading) ImmortalityImmortality

►Hungry Ghost (reading)Hungry Ghost (reading)►Made advances in Made advances in

science and technologyscience and technology► AstronomyAstronomy►Developed magnetic Developed magnetic

compasscompass► Invented gunpowderInvented gunpowder► Influenced art Influenced art

► Best Government Best Government few rulesfew rules Rules artificialRules artificial

Tai Chi Video 2:45

Fireworks 2:38

LegalismLegalism

►Han Feizi- most famous Legalism writerHan Feizi- most famous Legalism writer The ruler alone possesses power wielding it The ruler alone possesses power wielding it

like lightning and thunderlike lightning and thunder

►Rejected Confucian ideas about proper Rejected Confucian ideas about proper behaviorbehavior

►Harsh laws imposed by a strong leader Harsh laws imposed by a strong leader would ensure order would ensure order

► In 221 Qin emperor used to unite ChinaIn 221 Qin emperor used to unite China Shi HuangdiShi Huangdi

BuddhismBuddhism►One of the few foreign influences to One of the few foreign influences to

impact China - Hanimpact China - Han►The three Chinese schools of thought The three Chinese schools of thought

dealt with life on Earth, Buddhism dealt with life on Earth, Buddhism was the only one that offered an was the only one that offered an escape from suffering of Earthly lifeescape from suffering of Earthly life

►Promised salvation for the good and Promised salvation for the good and punishment for the wickedpunishment for the wicked

BuddhismBuddhism

►Buddhism blended with Chinese beliefs Buddhism blended with Chinese beliefs and valuesand values

►Chinese could accept diverse ideasChinese could accept diverse ideas

Kung Fu

Similarities between Chinese Similarities between Chinese Schools of ThoughtSchools of Thought

►All offered ideas about how to build an All offered ideas about how to build an orderly societyorderly society