chinese art - art history with ivy...
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CHINESE ART
Lecture 5C: Chinese Painting
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CHINESE PAINTING: AN OVERVIEW
• Painting derives from calligraphy and focuses on lines and expressive brushstrokes. “Stamps of approval”
• Little or no color, modeling, and realistic details.
• Created on sheets of paper or silk with ink.
• Shown for a short period of time then put away.
WU ZHEN, STALKS OF BAMBOO BY A ROCK, YUAN
DYNASTY, 1347. HANGING SCROLL, INK ON PAPER.
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Hanging scroll format
Hand scroll format
FORMATS OF CHINESE PAINTING
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NORTHERN SONG
PAINTINGS
• Monumental size; larger scale dimensions in work
• Hanging scroll format
• Aerial perspective looking straight at subject
• Viewer experiences omniscience, seeing both the grandeur and minute details of nature at same time.
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FAN KUAN, TRAVELERS AMONG MOUNTAINS AND
STREAMS, NORTHERN SONG PERIOD, EARLY 11TH
CENTURY. HANGING SCROLL, INK AND COLORS ON SILK,
6’ 7 1/4” X 3’ 4 1/4”.
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FAN KUAN, Travelers among Mountains
and Streams, Detail.
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Guo Xi (“Gwau Shee”), Early Spring,
N. Song Dyn., 11th c.
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SOUTHERN SONG
PAINTINGS
• One corner, small slice of nature
• Smaller dimensions; album leaf or hand-scroll
• Aerial perspective looking straight at subject
• Viewer contemplates the void.
• Fleeting moment in nature
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Attribruted to Xia Gui. Landscape, S. Song Dyn., 13th century
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MA YUAN, ON A MOUNTAIN PATH IN SPRING, SOUTHERN SONG PERIOD, EARLY 13TH
CENTURY. ALBUM LEAF, INK AND COLORS ON SILK, 10 3/4” X 17”.
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LIANG KAI, SIXTH CHAN PATRIARCH CHOPPING BAMBOO,
SOUTHERN SONG PERIOD, EARLY 13TH CENTURY.
HANGING SCROLL, INK ON PAPER, 2’ 5 1/4” HIGH. TOKYO
NATIONAL MUSEUM.
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Wu Chen. Album Leaf. 1350.
16 7/8" x 20 1/2".
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QING DYNASTY PAINTING
• In 1644 the Qing Dynasty was established, ruled by the Manchus from north of the Great Wall.
• Three distinct types of painting flourished at this time:
– Traditionalist
– Individualist
– Official court art Gao Cen, Landscapes after Ancient
Masters, Qing Dynasty, ca. 1677.
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INDIVIDUALIST ART
• Work created by those with ties to the ousted Ming
• Very personal works with a sense of turbulence, unease, dissatisfaction.
• Minimalist in appearance.
SHITAO, MAN IN A HOUSE BENEATH A CLIFF, QING DYANSTY, LATE 17TH
CENTURY. ALBUM LEAF, INK AND COLORS ON PAPER, 9 ½” X 11”.
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Bada Shanren. Cicada on a Banana Leaf. 1688–1689.
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OFFICIAL COURT
ART
• Jesuit monks from Europe
created works using
– western colors
– linear perspective
– chiaroscuro modeling
• Hybrid art of realism and
beautiful brushstrokes.
Portrait of the Imperial Bodyguard
Zhanyinbao, 1760
Hanging scroll; ink and color on silk
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AFTER LECTURE 3C YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
• Explain the manner in which Chinese paintings are viewed.
• Discuss the content (meanings) inherent in traditional Chinese paintings.
• Describe the formal characteristics and subject matters pursed by Northern Song painters, Southern Song painters, and Qing dynasty painters.
• Identify the influence of western artists on the official court art of the Qing dynasty.