Christina PapettiChristina Papetti Leaders Leaders

Mr.ManganielloMr.Manganiello

Historical Context: Throughout History, leaders’ actions or programs

have affected their nations.Task: For each leader selected, identify one specific action or

program the leader has taken or supported

and state one effect of the action or program on his or her nation.

Napoleon Bonaparte (France)Mohandas Gandhi (India)

Nelson Mandela (South Africa)Adolf Hitler (Germany)Mao Zedong (China)

Saddam Hussein (Iraq)

Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte Born on August 15,1769Born on August 15,1769 He lived in corsican in the town He lived in corsican in the town

of ajaccio on corsica of ajaccio on corsica He was the emperor of French He was the emperor of French He is a historical figure and a He is a historical figure and a

legend legend When he was a child winning a When he was a child winning a

scholarship to a French military scholarship to a French military academy academy

In France he had a police state In France he had a police state with a vast network and secret with a vast network and secret police and spies police and spies

He is also remember for the He is also remember for the establishment of the Nepoleonic establishment of the Nepoleonic code.( gave Jews rights)code.( gave Jews rights)

Mahatma GandhiMahatma Gandhi Gandhi was born in October2,1869Gandhi was born in October2,1869 He was born into a Hindu family he He was born into a Hindu family he

was the son of Karamchand Gandhi was the son of Karamchand Gandhi the chief minister the chief minister

The assassinated in January The assassinated in January 30,194830,1948

He is the leader of India and the He is the leader of India and the India independence movement India independence movement

He was committed to no violence He was committed to no violence and truth even in the most extreme and truth even in the most extreme situationssituations

Gandhi was married through his Gandhi was married through his parents arrangement parents arrangement

his pervious three wives had died his pervious three wives had died in childbirth. in childbirth.

Gandhi and his wife Kasturba (1902)

Civil disobedience -(peaceful protest) examples: Civil disobedience -(peaceful protest) examples: boycott, strike boycott, strike

Salt march- (lead people to the India ocean to collected Salt march- (lead people to the India ocean to collected salt because the British put taxes on the salt salt because the British put taxes on the salt

British imperialism-(the British took over India, Would British imperialism-(the British took over India, Would not let them have arranged marriages and no sati) not let them have arranged marriages and no sati)

Amritsar massacre-(peaceful protest and then they Amritsar massacre-(peaceful protest and then they killed all of people killed all of people

Important Events About of Gandhi Important Events About of Gandhi

Nelson MandelaNelson Mandela

Born in July 18,1918Born in July 18,1918 Was the first president of south Was the first president of south

Africa Africa African National CongressAfrican National Congress Apartheid (in south Africa Apartheid (in south Africa

blacks and whites were speared blacks and whites were speared the whites had their own the whites had their own bathrooms and the blacks did to bathrooms and the blacks did to they lived in to diverted house)they lived in to diverted house)

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler Became dictator of Germany after Became dictator of Germany after

the Great Depression.the Great Depression. He lead the NazisHe lead the Nazis Nuremberg laws: laws against the Nuremberg laws: laws against the

Jews (example: they could not Jews (example: they could not vote).vote).

Ghettos: Dirty areas where Jews Ghettos: Dirty areas where Jews were forced to live. were forced to live.

““master race”: Aryan (blond hair and master race”: Aryan (blond hair and blue eyes).blue eyes).

Final solution (wanted to get rid of Final solution (wanted to get rid of all the Jews homosexuals, and all the Jews homosexuals, and handicapped).handicapped).

Concentration camp: were they Concentration camp: were they move all the Jews some had to move all the Jews some had to work and some were even killed work and some were even killed they had to go their against their they had to go their against their own willown will

Mao ZedongMao Zedong Born - December 26,1893Born - December 26,1893 Became one of the original Became one of the original

members of the Chinese members of the Chinese Communist party Communist party

From 1928 until 1931 Mao, From 1928 until 1931 Mao, with Zhu De and others, with Zhu De and others, established soviets in the established soviets in the hinterlands, and built the hinterlands, and built the Red armyRed army

after the Communists had after the Communists had taken almost all of taken almost all of mainland of China, Mao mainland of China, Mao became chairman of the became chairman of the central government central government

Important Events About MaoImportant Events About Mao

• 1958 -started the Great Leap Forward, an economic 1958 -started the Great Leap Forward, an economic programprogram• program was a terrible failureprogram was a terrible failure• an estimated 20 to 30 million people died in the food an estimated 20 to 30 million people died in the food

shortage that followed (1958–1961)shortage that followed (1958–1961)• Mao withdrew from public view for a short time.Mao withdrew from public view for a short time.• The Cultural Revolution: he got rid of the wealth people and some The Cultural Revolution: he got rid of the wealth people and some

of the old traditions like Confucianism. He also burned museums of the old traditions like Confucianism. He also burned museums and told student to attacked their teachers. and told student to attacked their teachers.

Saddam Hussein Saddam Hussein

born April 21, 1937born April 21, 1937 was born in the town of Al-Awja, 8 was born in the town of Al-Awja, 8

miles from the town of Tikrit miles from the town of Tikrit Saddam Hussein was dictator of Saddam Hussein was dictator of

Iraq from 1979 until 2003Iraq from 1979 until 2003 In 1976, Saddam rose to the In 1976, Saddam rose to the

position of general in the Iraqi position of general in the Iraqi armed forces. armed forces.

He rapidly became the strongman He rapidly became the strongman

of the governmentof the government He killed many KurdsHe killed many Kurds Saddam was captures after the Saddam was captures after the

U.S> war on Iraq. He is now in U.S> war on Iraq. He is now in prison and has been placed. prison and has been placed.