Cities, Innovation, andE Governance

PresentationVilnius E governance Workshop

Tim Campbell, Urban AdviserWorld Bank

November 24, 2003

ProgramVilnius, the first e Governance… • Why World Bank in Cities--The

Scale of Urban Growth• Why Vilnius E Governance

Workshop• Innovations in Cities–- Stepping

Stones• Learning Cities of Century 21

Why WB in Cities?

Scale of Growth• In less than twenty years, more

than half of the developing world’s population will be urban

• By 2025, 2 billion more people in cities, 98 percent of this increase in the developing world

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 20150

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Num

ber o

f Citi

es

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Year

Number of Large Cities in Developing Countries by City Size Class, 1975-2015 (UN, 1995)

>5M

1-5M

0.5-1M

Lending by Sector to ECAFY2002 US$5.5 billion

Why the Vilnius E Governance Workshop ?

• Manufacturing falling as core economy • Electronic and information services rising• Trade liberalization and structural reform• Services become tradeables• Not capital intensive like heavy industries• Physical masterplanning were old vision;

new must be strategic

Cities in Global Trade• Cities rise as centers of regions as

national boundaries fade• Velocity of transactions increases with

globalized networks, new shifts in comparative advantage

• European cities moving much more to soft issues in competitiveness struggle

• Zero sum game expands (elasticity of demand increases with growth-- tourism, cultural specialization)

• What is sustainable ?

Sustainable Cities

Manageable Competitive

Bankable Livable

Sustainable Cities

Sustainable Cities

Manageable Competitive

Bankable Livable

Sustainable Cities

E Governance TriadExamples

• Publish– Canada public documents

• Interact– India on-line forum

• Transact– Chile procurement levels playing field– South Africa GIS linked to services and voting

Case Examples• Vilnius “E City 4 All”

– Transport, security, public opinion• Singapore

– Integrated data from shipping in to “out”

• Brazil– S Paulo Poupatempo– Curitiba– range (transit) and evolution

Transit in Curitiba and Bogota

Innovative BRT can be facilitated with e technology in

• GPS for tracking• Priority at intersections• Smart cards for fares• Started with a demonstration corridor (3

years in Bogotá has highest ridership in world)

Sao Paulo– 25 Partners in Poupatempo

next time let's dine

Actions at different scales• Ukraine spreading to 9 cities working

with association of cities, started in 97; 500 enterprises involved to supplying service

• National scale for city application– Singapore shipping– S. Africa voting and property on GIS

• Melbourne Action Plan– 77 cities in association to share, exchange

New Edges• Toronto cops– reporting on the scene• Denmark health forms (links to national

databases)• Arizona business services and voting• Started with publish, then transactions,

then private involvement

E Governance and Development

• Evolution from publish to transactions• Next steps in measuring impact in

productivity, efficiency, and efficacy of governance… services where needed

• Translation into market in ratings, competitiveness, and electoral outcomes

Part V: Lessons and Learning How to Learn

• at least start with basic tools and techniques of management-- redouble efforts in stock and trade of conventional ID

• support a horizontal learning process among leaders-- e.g., associations of local governments, other networks, conferences, study tours

Lessons• Cities transmitting ideas to each

other• They operate in a more competitive

and more transparent world• They compete for good ideas• They need to sharpen their

identities and acquire greater coherence of resources

Lessons– Assistance Modalities

• incubators-- hedge risks with a center for change, university or private research group

• fellowships for young leaders• grant program and jury• conventional project support,

e.g., municipal development funds

• Deepen participatory techniques to improve understanding, buy-in

• communications and public education-- improving the quality of the message (Madison Ave $175 b industry)

• systematic evaluation-- a role for donors and NGOs

• dissemination of experience-- publish, conferences, exchange networks, Assocs of LG

V. City in Century 21• Learning city is the sustainable city• Cities with local identities, regional

resources, global reach• Clusters of cities and regions

– European model, political boundaries down, cultural and economic up

• Global cities linked by more than “e”– trade alliances, tourism rings,

associations of regional powers