civ - de los angeles - ltd 2

7/28/2019 Civ - De Los Angeles - Ltd 2

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PROCESS OF REGTSTRATION OF I,AND1. survey - results in survey pLan to.be signed byengineer and approved by the directoE of Lands.2. File application for iegistration rrith RTC where land

situated3

a geodeEicis aciually

olnj Llorh a. identify basis of ownershipb. idenLify Iandc, identify adjacenE ownersd. identify occupants/tenantse. identify encunbrancesSetting of initial hearing.I\lbLieation,/ Pos t inghcet,, ol st bt|r.tttitl 4fiadcrtnl to bovnlatict orqrpositor files verified opposition on orb l| no opporitidt tdcfaultOtherwise,'' court issues order of general default OR if Eheoppositor aEtends the hearing but he does not file opposiEion,the court may grant extension but if aE that Eime, stil} noopposition, the court vrill order a speci-al default.

Ocular inspection - inprovements, Iots owners, adjacen! owters.Then the court will prepare a reporE.Hearing/Trial - the applicant must prove three things:

a. proof of publication ijurisdictional maEter)b. proof of olrnerstlipc. ploof of identity of Iandq)positors can introduce evidencerebuttal. evidence.

9. Decision - three situations:to support opposition

a. court decides in favor of applicantb. court decides in favor of oppositor/sc. court disrn-isses case beciuse nobody proves ownership10.court issues order for a Decree.ll.Issuance of a Decree.12.Register of Deeds issues original. cert.ifj.cate of Title.

I REXEDTESL. Fro an Order of Default

a. before decision - file a nrotion to lift older of default onthe ground of fraud, accident, mistake and excusablenegligence.

3.1.5.6.

ir,1fwinq aro,a + rlttd tor npdlitalts4before hEarlng '

7.


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b. after decision - petition for relief on the grounds offraud, accidents, mistake and negligence2, From a Decision

a. The Iosing party may f ile a moEioE lEglreconsideraEion onthe ground that the decision is contrary to lavr/evidence 'ft musE be filed within 15 days from receipE, otherwise,the decision becornes final.b. The losing party may fj-Ie a motion for new trial on thegrounds tt- fiaud, accident,---Es-EiaE---E f- excusablenegl,igence or a newly discovered evidence. It nst befiled vrithin 15 days.c. the losing parEy may jpEg-l on Ehe ground that the decisionis contrary to 1aw/evidence. It Iuay be filed lrithin 15days ,

As a generaL rule, the party must file either a motion forreconsideration or a motion for new trial (Onnibus motion rule,puE all grounds). If Ehere is negr1y discovered evidence afterfiling a motion for recons j-deration and the party is not aware ofit ac the time of hearing, and if it was denied, the party canfile a moEion for a new tria1. If Ehe motion for a new trial isdenied, the party may still appeal.3. Erom a Fina1 Judgment -, decj.si,on becomes final after the lapse of1.5 days.

Wh-ere a decree has not yet been issued, the losinq partv lrrav file apet fr" grounasof fraud. accident. mistsake and excusable neqlioence. IE must beverif-ied and filed 60 days from notice bu!-i65Fihan 6 months slep A V4on lttetry of decision. Wotion olfop qn dwq!,glhere a Decree has alreadv been issued. the losing party may file a,p.titioo t"ffilg ""- a^t " ground of deprivation ztnw cd..r+

l*.1or nlpp

However,

o?Effi.I-ElEEs over the land thlu ,actual and extrinsic fraud. laftfn l?Y) uttnustbefiledwittri.n1yearfromlssuan@thu!"qllo,av,E.is no ilnocent purchaser for value (IPv). An fPV is one.s rro rtlnocenE Purcoaser Ior value (Irav). ./qll tPV 1s one wno Duvs Ene Thqoiyiopropertyr,,ithoutknowIedgeofanY.j"eeetlnEffiSt*-.,. W.pusdit Ex Prrtt- - lrltaacal

?e$d it toto IPv, the only remedy fo!: the Iosittg parEy is l? ,,1o. k*, nat*danages against the perpetrator of fraud within 4 :- '-.. -"-gei the land back, only the vaLue of the land ptus 6f rc7ud)a#o4 ''Aofion tor Ruonwgly - rfiorc, lhah t{ alv derne,t,dcpnvcl of doillnl.ql tlt. ovu fop

q gr*nd righEs over the ic fraud or b of Erust, ,tintpE uifiblCV=afed there is no IPV, The acti.on tmrst leal:-fioT ortr, ;, ),aisco-Efr-ET6E-tr911g-rs thru document/ contract and within 10 yEffifSrrnd! discorrcry if Ehe fraud is thru documenE/ contract and within 10 yea-Es-f .there is breach ot implied tsrusc (j . e. , ".".."i"ii-J"i-t.""-tffiEi q'vlhld' llrevocatlon ot trust whlEnlas a prescriptive period of 10 years. Elwt4il,lnr.But if already soldfile an action foryears. Ae wj.Il not9anages .for Rcvicvy'

acptiv?d of lohlnlul t+t.lWough qLh4l ot ctfiinsic. frqud

,.te* . p499(A lo ,rd Wlon< 'in eF 2. f eud/ btt4dl 6f fivsl


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uwl+h

fuon

If the perpeErator of fraud is insolvent the losing Party may file anaction ior damages against the Insurance Fund within 6 y6ars providedthere is no negligence and bleach of trust.As a general rule, a final decision wiEh Publication binds al} Partiesin rem. therefore, binds the whoLe norld' Persons (oPPositors andsquatters) can be evicted/ousted by a mere lrrit of possession fromcourt. lf a person enters before the.issuance of Ehe decree, the owrercan evict the person thru a writ of possession. But if a Person entersafier the issuance of the decree, Ehe owner must file an ejectmentsuiE.An Original CertificaEe of Title j"s evidence of title, tha! the land isregistered undeE the Torrens SysEem. It j-s j.sgued i.n trdo coPies! oneori.ginal which is wiEh the Register of Deeds and one duplicatc for the-registered o!rne!. AnendmenEs can be done surmarily under Sec. 108 ofPD l52g if there is a typographical error and there Ls no disPute as Eoerror or change of stsatus. But if there is a substantial change in theoCT or the change is di3puted' the Party nust go thru the ordinaryregistration proceeding.E.g.

1. change from 16 degrees to 18 degrees - cannoE be changedsumrarily under Sec, 108 because this is a substantsial change.File an ordinary proceedj.ng.2. tlpographical e!ro! - change from "Wacks Bernas" to "WacksBearnas." If wife objecE.s. Sec. 108 is not applicable. It mustgo thru a fu11-blo',m hearj.ng.3. change from "sed cande, married to Ana Santos" to "sed cande."If wife objects, sec, 1OB is noE applicable. It &ust go Lhru afulI-blorm hearing -

ff a duplicate ocT is Losi. one may file an action for replaceEent. Ifthe original OcT is lost, one m.ry file for an acEion for reconstiEution(with rigid pubLication requirements). If a tltte has beenreconstituted, anyone dealing with Ehe title must exerclseextraordinary diligence to be deemed an IPV.SUBSEQUENT REGI STRATION iJ.e.,with it)

1. MorEgagethe'land is already titled and you deal

A nortqage is deemed registered if the mortgage is entsered in theday book even if it j.s nor annotated at the -ack of the title.?herefore, a buyer is bound by the mortgage. Latest SC decision:entry of mortgage in day book = registraEion

2. Mverse Claims or Lis PendensAn adverse claim has a Iife of 30 days, otherwise, !t lapses. Anaffidavit of adverse claim must be entered at once into the day bookso that the subsequent buyer is constructively bound, In case of


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doubLe sale, the person cannot invoke registrati.on in good faith asmentioned in Art, 1544 of rhe civil code of the Philippines whenthere is a lj-s pendens annotated at the bact of the litle. Fillngof an action Etay take time.cHArN oF TrrLE - Ncol fo( of lrart a ,iir,(( (! lilvr)this is an excepti.on to the civil law doctrine that thebe higher Ehan the source, i.e.. even if the seller hasbuyer can have titl e.Example # 1x- registered owner of tCT 12345goes to US, so gi.ves title tofriend Y

stream cannotno title, theTITLEVAIID

It th' Nnt,tl t ot1u be*, hC,,*'o ?, qtk fot nLw6o*.tLr4utL ,1,, ti+tc i7 1pi7.Y - entrusted by Xforges X's sigRa--ure in deed of saleof land in Y's favor, Y gets TcT 1.23{6from Register of Deeds(Y is a foLgeL, Eherefore, Y has avoid Eitle I

Y sells land to Z as IPVZ regj-stels ]and and gets TCT 12347Z has a valid tirLeVAI-ID

X returns and asks Y for iitle and learns the sale of land co Z. Xcannot recover frol6]. Z because as between iwo persons, the one whocaused the Ioss and whc is deemed negligenE must suffer. Remedy ofx is to file an actj-on againsE Y for damages. But if z has noE yetobtained title, X carr recover from Z.Example # 2

X - owns TCf 123{5Y - misrepresents to Z that he is X and sel}s the land to Z

Z - if Z gers tirle, TcT f2i41 ) title is VOID, Z is negligentbecause he has the duty tso find out that the seller is the registeredowner, therefore, X can recover the property frolrr. Z. .Al"so if the priceof the properly is suspj.ciously low. There is no chain of tltle sinceY did not get any title in his name. therefore, Z has no title also.Exarple S 3

Y forges the deed of sale buE does not register it to get a newtitle. Y shows to Z. z buys. Y makes deed of title j.n favor 9f Z. Xcan recover the property from Z because there is no chaj.n of title. Asbetween 2 persons, the one who should hs6ulder the loss is the one whois negligent. In this examp.Ie. Z is negligent. Note that X must havea valid title !n the first place. oeherwise, there can be NO chain oftit1e. NoEe further that if there is no chain of EiEle buE Iand ismortgaged, X can recover from z but mus respect..Che mortgage.S##S


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io ntonsivct or nylau. q lort t*lowith q,l;Lr, tt4yiUxcnlgntit fo( ruonslilvhon ig qinu\ Du pllt4tt- - no nctd for Striol rvnao6

land it r6i4a1 ondu fqrqv ,altgXsrun ' ^mvst w tl|tsltttt i1t bm*t tgri"fii 4t wctllqnddain - fivrt bt oy domlnical daim okr 111,

lworn ,tqtcmcntbttclrur.,tlvL poli ttt 1o 4ll + no mon' t?vgood lor 30 day blf doot nof ailomalulltl scizconlLJ wh.n tanolc{ oY Rl

Fndut - contfu4tv?- ttotict to 4t thqt iltqt- lt putling f\gabn6rovnds {ot unccllqhon :t. fildlo w Z. tlot hotl,lt4ry to profu) ltL p"rt!

o? Ju^gnql - annot4lo iu*ntntof lillc - Quail in rcm. qindt on$ tno Tar\t,sfor rvuqcion- M4! onlA bL f1'lcd b5 tot eon tn connbtlon fuw/trotd r4nJfur 4?obllv l1hdttqnd U

to alicmfa land dqlivd bVilWt alw4lt c,ramino tlto otrtrltttsaM tinanoi$l intlitthons - Mutlkcv oS llls litlc. Wuwlp not

lands - n)onn lo ttt s .Lanfu - Mong 1o yov't . for pvblit'' uto 'Lands - ?A v /1mari' canuof bc aqvircd h4 tho ut7' fuon lh?' ?oY'

lotclkkt cffcct

pknr for 9 Xrstttltltralo of li$t, ^trd dtlalcin lt thctiltu 'tsltcomclqht(o 4cW, to*hu )rtqvlrvs' , Qqnot *t! oninnoLA! noll1qfar.

civ - de los angeles - ltd 2

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