civil and environmental engineering earth systems...

CivilandEnvironmentalEngineering/EarthSystems109

GreenBuildings&Behavior:CreatingaGreenStudentWorkforcetoHelpImplementStanfordsSustainabilityVisionInaugurated:Winter2010

STANFORDUNIVERSITY

ForInternalUseOnlyNotforPublicationorDistribution

July2010

1

AcknowledgementsCourseStaffJeffreyKoseff,Faculty,DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringFahmidaAhmed,OfficeofSustainability,AssociateDirector,SustainabilityandEnergyManagement

,StudentsforaSustainableStanford

oelCrisostomo,TeachingAssistant/OutreachatherineHeflin, Intern

NK OfficeofSustainability

ueG

stLecturers(inalphabeticalorder)

AnnieShiau,AlumniAssociation,GreenArrillagaPilotDavidFreyberg,Faculty,DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering

bilityandEnergy FahmidaAhmed,OfficeofSustainability,AssociateDirector,Sustaina

Management

g gFranklinOrr,Faculty,DepartmentofEnergyResourcesEngineerin

GilbertMasters,Faculty,DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineerin

JiffyVermylen,SustainabilityCoordinator,OfficeofSustainabilityJosephStagner,ExecutiveDirector,SustainabilityandEnergyManagement

ormationTechnology,FacilitiesEnergyJoyceDickerson,DirectorofSustainableInf

Management,SustainabilityandEnergyManagement

JulieMuir,StanfordRecyclingCenter,PSSILeeSchipper,Researcher,PrecourtEnergyEfficiencyCenter

es,LisaKwiatkowski,Manager,outreachandTDM,ParkingandTransportationServicSustainabilityandEnergyManagement

SustainabilityandEnergyMargaretLaPorte,AssociateDirector,WaterResources,

Management

MattRothe,SustainabilityCoordinator,StanfordDining

PamelaMatson,Dean,SchoolofEarthSciencesScottGould,FacilitiesEnergyManagement,SustainabilityandEnergyManagement

ment,SustainabilityandEnergySusanKulakowski,Manager,FacilitiesEnergyManage

ManagementTomFenner,DeputyGeneralCouncil,Green170Pilot

TomZigterman,AssociateDirector,WaterServices&CivilInfrastructure,SustainabilityandEnergyManagement

ormoreinformationaboutStanfordUniversityssustainabilityprograms,environmental

ctivit es,vis t:Fresearch,andstudenta i i

tOfficeofSustainability sustainable.stanford.eduWoodsInstitutefortheEnvironmen woods.stanford.eduStudentsforaSustainableStanford sustainability.stanford.edu

Table of Contents

I. Course Syllabus4 IV. Final Group Project

School of Earth Sciences Building Level Sustainability Program...10 Braun Hall11 Mitchell Building..49

CEE/EARTHSYS 109: Green Buildings & Behavior

Green Buildings & Behavior: Creating a Green Student Workforce to Help Implement Stanford's Sustainability Vision

Civil & Environmental Engineering/Earth Systems 109

Course Syllabus Course Description: Stanford is a leader in resource management, demonstrated through infrastructure improvements and efficiency programs. Yet, great potential exists to couple them with program-based local actions that promote both resource conservation and an educational environment for sustainability. Local action at a building level directly contribute to conservation, lower utility costs, and generate understanding of sustainability consistent with the Stanfords commitment to sustainability as a core value. This course will offer an overview on operational sustainability including energy, water, buildings, waste, and food systems, as well as practical training to enable a student to become sustainability coordinators for their dorms or departments. Grading: C/NC Units: 2 Repeat or not: Yes If repeated how many units: 0 Time: Monday & Wednesday, 2:15-3:45 PM Location: Building 60, Room 120. Section: No section but TAs will have office hours Leadership: Faculty sponsor: Jeff Koseff (Civil and Environmental Engineering) Staff Sponsor/presenter: Fahmida Ahmed (Office of Sustainability, S&EM) Email list: [email protected] Student Leaders: Katherine Heflin (Office of Sustainability intern), Kevan Christensen (Green Living Council), Noel Crisostomo (Students for Sustainable Stanford) Teaching Assistant: Noel Crisostomo, [email protected] Course Outcome: After successfully completing this course and assignments, students will be able to

Articulate campus sustainability principles and key operational areas Take direct action of greening departments through individual behaviors Potentially become interns with the Office of Sustainability for advanced research and implementation at Stanford


Prerequisites: Class limit: 25 students with an interest in campus sustainability Student Selection: The class space is limited. To qualify:

Write a 1-page single spaced essay on why you believe campus sustainability is important, including any relevant experience you can bring to the class and any other special qualifications you may have (a lottery will be held if necessary). Please include your year and major in the header. Save it as "Lastname,Firstname.DOC" and send it to [email protected] by Friday, December 11, 2009.

If you have any questions, please email [email protected].

At the end of the quarter, the top 10 students, evaluated with the below criteria, will be selected to be Student Sustainability Coordinators, trained by the Office of Sustainability at Stanford. These students will receive a $500 stipend for their work/quarter to implement Sustainable Stanfords Building-Level Sustainability Program over the 10 weeks of Spring quarter. Class Structure: 2 unit class 18 meetings: (2 hour/week lecture, 2 hours/week out of class work/workshop). Teaching Methods: Our class will exercise a variety of tutorial methods. We will have a series of guest speakers share their expertise in related fields as well as take field trips, participate in hands-on demonstrations, group exercises, and even watch relevant films in or outside class. Grading Evaluation: "Pass" is 70% C or better 40% Attendance & participation 20% Quiz on Class Materials 40% Group Project: The School of Earth Sciences Request for Proposals

In groups of 5, prepare a proposal to decrease the greenhouse gas emissions associated with operations from a building, Mitchell or GeoCorner, within the School of Earth Sciences (SES). Prepare a 15-minute presentation for your client, SES Dean Pam Matson, and other stakeholders including the lecturers and Woods and Precourt Institute Directors, in which your team will pitch interventions using the concepts and skills you have learned in class regarding energy, water, food, waste, and transport. Frame your proposal within the scope of a 10-week implementation period and in consideration of Stanford resources and the evolving California policy climate. Since the class will be learning the same material, the key will be to make innovative yet deployable and cost-effective ideas to eliminate waste and reduce emissions.

(Optional) Final Individual Interview to become a Student Sustainability Coordinator.


Schedule: Jan 4 - March 19, 2010 Readings: Where will be weekend reading for Mondays lecture (technical reading, best practices, popular articles.)

Class Structure:

Monday Lectures: Technical info plus motivational content, guest speakers on each topics, discussion on readings.

DUE: Weekly quizzes on the prior weeks material.

Wednesday Workshops/ Practicum: Practical training, learn by doing, hands-on oriented, may include field trips.

Week TOPIC

Date Subjects Speakers

Week 1 SUSTAINABLE

STANFORD

Jan 4

Course Overview Expectations, Final project, Class introductions,

Office of Sustainability

Jeff Koseff, Fahmida Ahmed

Jan 6 Climate Change & Stanford Emissions Inventory, Campus work on Energy & climate plan Joe Stagner, Lynn Orr

Week 2 ENERGY

Jan 11

Energy Efficiency and Demand Side Management in Buildings

Gil Masters, Susan Kulakowski, Joyce Dickerson

Jan 13 Energy Audits/Action Noel Crisostomo, Katherine Heflin

Week 3

Jan 18 No Class

Jan 20 Green Building Standards at

Stanford; Y2E2 Docent Program Jeff Koseff, Fahmida Ahmed

Week 4 WATER

Jan 25 Water Resources and Smart Conservation David Freyberg, Marty Laporte, Tom Zigterman

Jan 27 Water Audits/Action Noel Crisostomo

Week 5 WASTE

Feb 1

Towards Zero Waste, Procurement

Julie Muir

Feb 3 Waste Audits/Action Julie Muir


Week 6 FOOD Feb 8 Sustainable Food Systems Matt Rothe

Feb 10 Stanford Dining Audits/Action Matt Rothe

Week 7 Feb 15 No Class

Feb 17 Group Project Overview:

Proposals for the School of Earth Sciences

Pam Matson, Fahmida Ahmed

Week 8 TRANSPORTATION

Feb 22

Sustainable Transportation Brodie Hamilton, Lee Schipper

BEHAVIOR Feb 24 Navigating Stanford

Stakeholders & Influencing Behavior

Fahmida Ahmed, Tom Fenner, Matt Williams, Joyce Dickerson

Week 9 TRAINING

March 1

Sustainability Coordinator Training (1): Department Audits

Checklists Fahmida Ahmed, Noel Crisostomo

March 3 Sustainability Coordinator Training (2): Preparation to pilot Fahmida Ahmed, Noel Crisostomo

Week 10 IMPLEMENTATION March 8 Group Project Presentations Guest Lecturers Invited

March 10 Wrap up, Evaluations,

Individual interviews for candidate Sustainability

CoordinatorsTBD


Readings:

Week 1: Sustainable Stanford and Climate Change A Student's Guide to Sustainable Living At Stanford. http://sustainable/sites/sem.stanford.edu/files/documents/Stanford_students_guide_sustainable_living; Sustainable Choices. Stanford University School of Earth Sciences-Earth Systems Program. http://sustainablechoices.stanford.edu/ Stanford University- The College Sustainability Report Card. Sustainable Endowments Institute, 2009. http://www.greenreportcard.org/ http://www.greenreportcard.org/files/Stanford_Surveys.pdf Energy and Climate Plan. Stanford University Sustainability and Energy Management, October 2009. http://sustainable.stanford.edu/sites/sem.stanford.edu/files/documents/Stanford_EC_factsheet_2009.pdf http://sustainable.stanford.edu/sites/sem.stanford.edu/files/documents/Stanford_FAQ_factsheet_2009.pdf Sustainable Stanford, Stanford University Sustainability and Energy Management. http://sustainable.stanford.edu Stanford University Woods Institute for the Environment http://woods.stanford.edu Weeks 2 and 3: Energy Flex Your Power. http://www.fypower.org/ Best Practices for Commercial Office. http://www.fypower.org/bpg/index.html?b=offices Energy Star for Higher Education. http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=bygtw.showSplash http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=higher_ed.bus_highereducation Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan. California Public Utilities Commission. 2009. http://www.californiaenergyefficiency.com/index.shtml http://www.californiaenergyefficiency.com/docs/EEStrategicPlan.pdf Yang and Yamazaki Environment and Energy Building. http://woods.stanford.edu/docs/news/Y2E2-Award.pdf Week 4: Water 2008 Annual Water Quality Report. Stanford University Utilities Division. Pages 1-8. http://lbre.stanford.edu/sem/sites/all/lbre-shared/files/docs_public/2008CCR.pdf California's Water Conservation Resource. Association of California Water Agencies. 2009. http://www.saveourh2o.org http://www.saveourh2o.org/index.cfm/what-you-can-do/ 20x2020 Water Conservation Plan (Draft). California State Water Resources Control Board. April 2009. http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/hot_topics/20x2020/docs/comment043009/202020_final_report_draft.pdf Executive Summary pgs ix-xii, 2. Establishing a Baseline & Targets pgs 11-25, 4. Implementation pgs 43-46.



Week 5: Zero Waste Peninsula Sanitary Services Inc./Stanford Recycling Center. http://recycling.stanford.edu/pssi/index.html The Story of Stuff. http://www.storyofstuff.com/ IG Mason, AK Brooking, A Oberender, JM. Implementation of a Zero Waste Program at a University Campus. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2003 - 202.29.21.6 Week 6 and 7: Food Systems Stanford Dining. Sustainable Food System. http://www.stanford.edu/dept/rde/dining/food_sys.htm 2005 San Francisco Collaborative Food System Assessment. San Francisco Food Systems. http://www.sffoodsystems.org/pdf/FSA-online.pdf Executive Summary, Introduction Pages vii-4 Hoekstra, Arjen Y. "The Water Footprint of Food." Water For Food. 2008. Pages 49-61 http://www.waterfootprint.org/Reports/Hoekstra-2008-WaterfootprintFood.pdf Week 8: Transportation Toor, W. "The Road Less Traveled: Sustainable Transportation for Campuses." Planning for Higher Education. Vol 31, No 3. Mar-May 2003, pgs 131-141 Hamilton, B. "The Transportation Demand Management Experience at Stanford University." TDM Review. Issue 2. 2008, pgs 16-21 http://transportation.stanford.edu/pdf/TDM_2_2008.pdf Stanford University Parking and Transportation Services. Program Summary. http://transportation.stanford.edu/pdf/program-summary-2009.pdf Goldman, T. and R. Gorham. "Sustainable Urban Transport: Four Innovative Directions." Technology in Society. Vol 28. 2006. Pages 261-273. "Bike-frastructure 101." http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/010404.html Influencing Behavior McKensie-Mohr, D. Fostering Sustainable Behavior: An Introduction to Community-Based Social Marketing. http://www.cbsm.com/pages/guide/preface Introduction (Pages 2-7); Tools: Commitment (Pages 18-25); Tools: Prompts (Pages 26-30); Tools: Norms (Pages 32-37); Tools: Communication (Pages 38-49) The Fun Theory. http://www.treehugger.com/files/2009/10/worlds-deepest-trash-bins-behavior-changing-inventions.php Week 9: Promoting Behavior Change, Training as a Building Coordinator Building Level Sustainability Program. Office of Sustainability, Department of Sustainability and Energy Management. Stanford University. 2010.


CEE/EARTHSYS 109: Green Buildings and Behavior

Final Group Project

School of Earth Sciences Building Sustainability Program

In groups of 3, prepare a proposal to decrease the greenhouse gas emissions associated with operations from either Mitchell or Braun "GeoCorner," two buildings managed by the School of Earth Sciences (SES). Note: only two groups per building. Prepare a 15-minute presentation for your client, SES Dean Pam Matson, and other stakeholders including the staff lecturers and Woods and Precourt Institute Directors, in which your team will propose interventions using the concepts and skills you have learned through the Building-Level Sustainability Program (BLSP) regarding energy, water, food, waste, and transportation. Write an Executive Summary to accompany your presentation. Frame your implementation within the scope of Spring Quarter. Be sure to consider how you will leverage Stanford's infrastructural resources with the Department of Sustainability & Energy Management, and the evolving California policy context regarding sustainability. Since the class will be learning the same BLSP material, the key will be to make innovative, yet deployable and cost effective ideas to eliminate waste and reduce emissions. We will be completing a walk through of Mitchell and Geocorner on March 1 and 3 guided by Tom Koos, but feel free to explore the buildings beforehand with the BLSP materials. Presentations and Executive Summaries are due to be submitted as a file upload to this assignment by March 8 by each group member. Groups will present on March 8 and should allow for 5 minutes of Q&A in addition to their 15-minute presentation. Total Points: 240 140= Proposal Executive Summary (4 pages, 1.5x-spaced with bullets and tables as needed, saved as .pdf) Score based on: 50) The incorporation of course materials: readings, BLSP audit materials, and lectures 50) Quantitative and qualitative descriptions of conservation measures 30) Inclusion of barriers to sustainable practices and means of overcoming them 10) Formatting, for example: Problem statement and goals, Baseline estimates, Conservation measures, Implementation, Cost and Energy impacts, Conclusions. 100= Powerpoint Presentation (saved as .pdf) Score based on: Adequate utilization of resources, graphics/visuals, clarity/format, creativity, teamwork

ENERGY AUDIT: BRAUN HALL !MiMicah

By Michael Rafanan, Frances Ellerbe, and Eli Pollak

RECOMMENDATIONS

INSTALL TIMERS

!Printers !Copiers !Water heaters

INSTALL MOTION CONTROLLED LIGHTING

!Areas such as: ! Attic crawl space ! Phone booths ! Student Offices ! All Common Areas

ENCOURAGE NATURAL LIGHTING

REMOVAL OF EXCESS APPLIANCES

!Remove if they meet the following criteria: ! Completely unused. ! Another similar appliance within 25 second walking

distance.

IMPROVE REMINDER SIGNS

!Add signs to remind occupants to turn off lights ! Already signs to lock doors in place in common areas ! Make signs for spaces that are used for short periods

of time (i.e kitchenette)

CONSOLIDATION OF OFFICE EQUIPMENT

!These include: ! Automatic Staplers ! Paper Shredders ! Label Makers

ANOTHER EFFORT TO USE SMARTSTRIPS

!Target smaller group of people. (i.e administrative offices) ! Educate and train staff for proper use.

FUTURE IN-DEPTH PROJECTS

!Audit printer locations and use. ! Consolidate amount of printers and also improve

placements.

!Bigfix installed on all computers. ! Require computers to automatically shut off.

!Replace all incandescents with CFL bulbs !Replace old equipment

SO WHAT IMPACT COULD THESE RECOMMENDATIONS HAVE?

!First we took measurements using a KillAwatt for the major appliances in Geocorner

!We then counted or estimated the total number of these devices in the building

!Possible Savings calculated for 10 hours off every day, or removal of some appliances

ECONOMICS

!Savings of 99.6 kWh/day

! (99.6 kWh/day) / (766 kWh/day) = 13% energy consumption reduction

! (99.6 kWh/day) * ($0.1154 /kWh) = $11.49/day

! $11.49 /day * 365 days = $4,194 annually

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF TIMERS

Capital Cost for 1 Timer; $9.09

TIMERS ON PRINTERS

! 23 Printer each drawing 7 W ! Install timers to turn off printers for 10 hours

9pm-7am !Saves (23 printers)(7 W)(10 hours)*(1 kW/1000W)

=1.61 kWh/day which at a price of $0.1154/kWh means a savings of $0.185/day and$67.52/year

!Capital Cost of 23 timers=$209.07 !At at 7% discount rate and 20 year time horizon

this means a NPV of $506.24! !Simple payback period of just over 3 years !Building users will probably not even notice!

TIMER ON WATER COOLER

!Used Kill-a-Watt to determine that water cooler outside the Undergraduate Lounge draws 580W

! Install a timer to turn of for four hours between midnight and 4am

!Capital Cost of $9.09 !Savings of 2.32 kWh/day and 846.8 kWh/year !Cost savings of $97.72/year !Using same assumptions this is a NPV of

$1,026.16 and a simple payback of just over one month

!You could also remove the cooler entirely!

SustainableWater,Waste,andTransporta3onGeocorner

JacobSchaffert,PabloLopez,AkwasiAbrefah

Domes3cWater

Model(audit)

Es3mates(aGermeasuringthefixturesandnumberandadjus3ngittobuildingparameters)257gallon/dayspermonthwithapossiblesavingsofabout30gallons/day

Savingsaremostlikelyfromthenonregulatedfaucetonthethirdfloorkitchenareasink.

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

March April May June July August September October November December January February Model

Gallons

20092010

MonthlyConsump5on

PeopleatBraun

Buildingdemographics:howmanypeople,groups/departments

Braunhasonly1dept.total:GES 9faculty 9staff 32students 4visitor Studentses3matedtobemostlygoneJuly,August,September,andDecember

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

March April May June July August September October November December January February Model

Gallons/dayperson

20092010

Gallons/daypeople

Sugges3onsforimprovement

Buyanaeratorforthesinkonthethirdfloor Es3matedcost:$10(conserva3vees3mate) Es3matedSavings(conserva3ve)10gallonsday,310gallonsamonth

Costofwater$6.54/1000gallons Payback3me5months

Recycling

AwarenesshighEWasteContainersinhallway

Copyroomsorganizedwell30%recyclecontentBaeerycharger

OutsideArea

RecyclingCon3nued

StudentuseofrecyclingprimaryconcernResidentsunderstandStudentlounge&classroomsisolatedcans

Informa3on/signage

FoodRelatedWaste

Utensils/cupsDifferencebetweenresidents/students Jugsofwatervs.tap?

WasteAuditResultsHanddryerCompostop3on?

Transporta3on

Informa3ondistribu3on Alterna3veTransport Bicycles

SecuritySafety

RoomforImprovement

Drivingpersonalvehiclestowork Peoplebringingbikesintothebuilding Lackofbikesafety Agreatervarietyofbikesinthefleet Gasguzzlingfieldtripvehicles NodepartmentZipcaraccount Eventplanningcomplica3ons

Solu3onshiddenbikecage

Encouragingvisualreminders&departmenthelmets

Purchasinghelmetsforthefacultyandstaffinthedepartment

Postersincommonareastoportrayadesirednorm

Lookatreplacingfieldtripvehiclesandren3ngabus/40personshuelesinstead

GetadepartmentZipcaraccount!

MoreSolu3ons!

Ini3ateaZimridesurvey Moreinforma3onabouteventplanningtoavoidpeakhours

Usestudents!someoneisusuallysellingabike

Mitchell Sustainability

Alex Luisi, Graham Provost, Nick Riva, Allison Stafford, Nicole Gaetjens, Nicole Greenspan

Overview of Building

Mitchell has... 7 storiesSeveral labsPrecious gems (and security issues that surround them)A two-floor Library that has the most windows in the buildingStairs that are not truly easy to use139 regular occupants (faculty, students, staff)6 dedicated students to help it become more efficient and sustainable

Roadmap

LightingPlugload - AppliancesPlugload - Desktop ComputingDomestic WaterWaste & RecyclingFood & CompostA few more recommendations...Conclusions

Mitchell Lighting, Windows, Motion Detectors, and

Efficiency

Alex Luisi

Current use of Mitchell The library currently has the most natural lighting, is best-lit and has balconies Most offices have inadequate natural lightingThe hallways are lit only by ceiling lightsThe question is, is this the most efficient use of lighting and the building space? How can we improve it?

Lighting & Space Efficiency

The motion sensors and lights already have an implementation plan underway

Useful to divide building into sections for lighting when installing the motion sensor?

Rooms can benefit by having two light switches, each one controlling half the lights (i.e. every other light Each floor would have someone to ensure that all sustainability guidelines are being followed

Deep Dive: Motion Sensors, Artificial Lights, Sustainability Coordinator

Deep Dive: Natural Lighting & Windows There is very little natural lighting in the office space of the building, as well as a lack of cross-ventilation

You can make it so that windows in the offices can be openedThe building does have huge, beautiful windows, but they are in the library However, there is the possibility of moving the library and converting that space to office space

Open-floor plan, private offices, more office spce Balconies and windows The books can be moved up to the 3rd and 4th floors There would be issues with tracking who comes in and out of the library that way

Issues with these ideas?

First, the easy one:Money

These will be expensive renovations, but in the long run, I believe that the investment will pay itself off in the health of the occupants, fewer lights used, and a more efficient usage of space

Second, the other easy one:People will not want to change where they are, possibly because of their proximity to their labs, or just a general dislike of moving

However, I believe that if these are discussed properly and incorporate people's feedback, this would be a hugely successful program

Plugloads:Appliances

Graham Provost

Plugloads - Appliances

Copy Machines & Printers

Refrigerators

Peripherals and Misc.

Copy Machines & PrintersMost of the printers and copy machines in Mitchell have power save modes.

The Xerox Phaser 8560 (a common printer in Mitchell) can switch to power save mode after 30 - 240 minutes of inactivity.

Most of the printers appear to be set in 240 min mode.

Switching half of the printers in Mitchell from 240 minute mode to 30 minute mode would save 17,000 kWh and almost $2000.

If occupants are resistant, similar result could be achieved using timers.

Refrigerators

Existing refrigerators are relatively inefficient. Replacing each refrigerator with energy star refrigerator would save 756 kWh per yearCould pay for themselves in less than six years

Peripherals and Miscellaneous

Most printers in Mitchell are not peripherals Smart strips and timers should be used in a targeted mannerThis can make deployment more difficult

Plugloads:Desktop Computing

Nick Riva

Plugloads- Desktop ComputingCurrent Situation: 120 Office Occupants Each provided with Desktop & LCD Monitor

Often left on at night for remote access

Minimal peripherals (Speakers, Sub-woofer, etc.)

Desktop Computing: Energy Use

Daily Energy Use 84 kWhrMonthly Energy Use 2,516 kWhr

Monthly Cost $290 Only 2% of Total Building Energy Use/Cost

Desktop Computing: Improvements

Savings may be marginal, but part of a larger program and behavior shift

Encourage BigFix- Reduce Active hours

Adopt Cloud computing- Remote access

Install Smart Strips- Ensure all monitors off at night Larger Investment: Laptops for Occupants

Desktop Computing: Savings

Estimated Savings from BigFix, Cloud & Smart Strips:

26% Energy or $69/month

Minimal Expense & Disruption

Estimated Savings of Laptop Use

88% Energy or $237/month

Cost may prohibitively high

Domestic WaterConsumption

Allison Stafford

Faucets

10 bathroom, 4 kitchen faucetsCurrent aerators: 1-1.5 gal/minRecommended: 0.5 gal/min aeratorsPotential Savings

122 gal/day15% of occupancy-based consumption9% of total consumption $455/year

Faucets

Eligible for free hardware or

rebates from Santa Clara Valley

Water District

Toilets and Urinals

15 toiletscurrent usage: 1.6 gpfrecommended usage: 1.28 gpf

5 urinalscurrent usage: 1 gpfrecommended usage: .125 gpf

potential savings214 gal/day27% of occupancy-based consumption16% of total consumption $870/year

Bottled Water Use vs. Filtration

Slight increase in domestic water consumptionEnergy use reductionNo preference from occupants

Expected Results

Laboratory water use is relatively fixedAerator savings: 122 gal/day, $455/year (9%)Toilet and urinal savings: 214 gal/day,$870/year (16%)Total Savings

336 gal/day, 122,640 gal/year $1,364 /year 25% of total water use

Reduced energy consumption58% less hot water usedfiltered tap water requires less chilling

Waste & Recycling

Nicole Gaetjens

Reduce/ReuseBased on data from Arrillaga pilot....Average 10,500 sheets/person/yr x 139 people x $2.40/500 sheets* = $7,000/yr --> Shift to paperless memo-ing! --> More draft printing

*Stanford Procurement Office

Reduce/ReuseAverage 150 compostable cups/person/yr x 139 people x $15/150 cups*= $2,085/yr --> Buying 75 $1 Ikea mugs eliminates cup cost! --> Don't forget other foodware! (plates, utensils...)

*Cheap estimate from online prices, assuming Stanford gets better deal

Recycle Approximate waste from Mitchell: 4.5 lbs trash/person/day* x 139 people x ton/2000lbs x 365 days/yr = 114 tons trash/yr Stanford University's Average Trash Composition by Weight**:-7% Bottles and Cans (8 tons/yr)-15% Paper (17 tons/yr)

Savings From Recycling**:mixed paper and cardboard: +$120/ton -> +$2040/yrbottles and cans: +$900/ton -> +$7,200/yrlandfill: -$46/ton -> -$1150/yr"salvage revenue" = $10,390/yr

Departments dont pay for garbage directly...BUT "salvage revenue" goes directly to pay for solid waste services including recycling and composting collection.** *http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/municipal/msw99.htm **Julie Muir, head of PSSI

A far off dream...?

BUT... - about $6/container-Currently, Departments/individuals must buy themselves

Maybe...-find cheaper/unused containers-convince PSSI of demand

Individual recycling bins for each cubicle!-->implemented in Student Housing-->adds convenience

Food & Compost

Nicole Greenspan

Food & Compost - Events"Green Event Planning Guidelines"

Promotion/Presentation - 'Green' event!recycled paper, e-invites reusables, recycled mat, sustainable

Food/Drink - sustainable purchasingsustainable, seasonal, local, organic, free-range, fair trade, humane, directtasty vegetarian > meathealthy - fruit, vegees, cheese, bread

Disposables! - service-ware"buffet" style, buy/serve in bulksmaller plates - less food waste!reusable, recyclable, compostable

Zero Waste!recycling, compost bins @ trash binsclear signage!!/trained staffsurplus - donate SPOON/shelters http://www.stanford.

edu/~knudson/ASSU/greenevents.pdf

Food & Compost - Kitchenettes/OfficesPurchasing:

Encourage similar purchasing to "Green Events"local, organic, humane, fair, direct, vegetarian

Fair Trade Coffee, "healthy" options for snacksReusable/Recyclable/Compostable serviceware

Waste: Organics still make up 30% of the University average trash composition by weight!!

Compost bin in EVERY kitchenette (4) clearly labeled, dif colorswho will take it out? Sustainability "leader"

CBSM - Behavior Change Tools (address barriers)Prompts/Effective Communication - SignageConvenience - compost bins in offices? ($5)Clear guidelines/alternatives - events & lifeIncentives - pride, social norm, commitments

A few more recommendations...Transportation...

bike/carpool program - online network?Purchasing...

paper - 100% recycled content - same with TPenergy star appliances

Behaviormake things more CONVENIENT - break barriers - actual and perceivedsignage - visuals!, simple info/tips/goalsrefund for reduction - incentive program

More general awareness of available programs on campus... newsletter?

Better insulation (last time a renovation was done, they found socks as the insulation)Use more efficient fans to blow heat lownward in large, open areas during the winter

ConclusionsSome things are fundamental design mistakes...

No single staircaseNo windows on 4th and 3rd floorsVery few windows can be opened

But some can be fixed!

Easily :)more efficient lighting, appliances, computingmore sustainable purchasing, reduce waste!better recycling/composting programssimple behavior changes - save water, energy

Not quite as easily... Switch Library and 4th floor offices

natural lighting, balcony - open windowsLab energy needs...

Thank you Fahmida, Noel, Katherine!!(and all the presenters!)

Questions?

CivilandEnvironmentalEngineering/EarthSystems109

GreenBuildings&Behavior:CreatingaGreenStudentWorkforcetoHelpImplementStanfordsSustainabilityVision

S T A N F O R D U N I V E R S I T Y

CEE ES 109 coverCEE109-4 Project.pdfGreen Buildings and BehaviorAcknowledgementsTable of ContentsSyllabusSchool of Earth Sciences BLSPBraun HallMitchell Building

civil and environmental engineering earth systems...

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