Social Diversities…It can take different forms in

different societies :• Belgium - people live in

different regions –speak different languages.• Sri Lanka- linguistic and

regional differences are prominent.

Social Diversities…• Carlos Smith -

African American • Peter Norman -

White• Similarity -

Athletes who stood against racial discrimination

OVER LAPPING AND CROSS CUTTING

DIFFERENCE

Social Division…Overlapping – Class & Religion

Blacks in USA

Poor HomelessDiscrimina

ted Against

Whites in USA

Rich

Catholics & ProtestantsNorthern

Ireland

Catholics

Poor

Protestants

Rich

Result : Conflicts have occurred. Deep social division and tensions have occurred leading to discrimination.

Cross Cutting…Netherlands• Catholics and Protestants are

equally likely to be rich or poor.Result• No conflicts.• Easier to accommodate. Outcomes• Politics of social division

Ethno Political Conflict…

Northern Ireland

53 % Protesta

nt

Represented by unionists who wanted

to be with UK who were

Protestants.

44 % Roman Catholic

Represented by Nationalist parties who wanted the

Union of N.Ireland With

Republic of Ireland were

Catholics

1998-Peace treaty was signedRESULT -

CONFLICTS

Yugoslavia’s Disintegration & Emergence of 6 Independent Countries

3 Determinants…How people

perceive their identities

INDIA , NORTHERN IRELAND

BELGIUM

How political leaders raise the demands

of any community

Demand must be within the framework of

the constitution

Sri Lanka-demand for

only SINHALA

Yugoslavia-demands of

ethnic Communities

can not be accommodated

How Government

reacts to demands

Willing to share power

and accommodate

reasonable demands

BELGIUM and SRI LANKA

Advantages of Social Divisions in a Democracy...

• People can express their grievances.

• Government attends to it. • People raise their issues in a

peaceful manner for seeking votes.

SUBMITED TONAVDEEP KAUR

SUBMITED BY VISHAL KUMAR