8/3/2019 Classifying Algae, Protozoa, Fungi, Molds, Parasites

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Classifying Algae, Protozoa, Fungi, Molds, Parasites

Question Answer

Name the eukaryotic membersof the microbial world?

~ Algae, Fungi, Slime molds and water molds, Protozoa,Multicellular parasites

What are some characteristics of

Algae?

~ simple reproductive systems, lack vascular systems, use light

energy, microscopic & macroscopic, diverse group, doesn't

directly infect humans, produce toxins

What are some factors to

classify Algae?

~ not strict classifying, found in fresh/salt water and soil, major

producers of oxygen, phytoplankton are a major food source,

pioneer organisms

What is pyrrophyta-dinoflagellates? ~ Algae: several produce toxins that cause redtides, or algaeblooms in the ocean

What is Gymnodinium breve?~ Algae: produce breve toxin, which kills fish, rarely kills

people, but causes reactions likediarrhea and reduced pulse

What is Genus Gonyaulax?~ Algae: produces neurotoxins. some of the most non-proteinpoisons known. accumulate in shellfish tissue and cause death

What is Pfiesteria piscida?

~ Algae: normally nontoxic until fish pass by. achemical cue

causes it to morph into a flagellated zoospore. releases toxinthat stun fish and cause skin to slough off

What are characteristics of

protozoa?

~ Microscopic, unicellular, lack photosythetic ability, motile at

some stage of their lifecycle, found in marine, freshwater, or

terrestrial environment

Name 4 phylums in the protozoafamily?

~ Sarcomastigophora, Ciliophora, Apicomplexa, Microspora

What is Sarcomastigophora? ~ includes most of the disease causing protozoa

What is phylum ciliophora?~ the ciliates, organisms that have cilia. Balantidium coli is the

only known ciliate to cause human disease

What is phylum Apicomplexa?

~ refered to as sporozoa, cause some of the most serious

protozoan diseases in humans.malaria, toxoplasma gondii,

crptosporidium parvum

What is phylum microspora?~ intracellular protozoa that infect immunocompromisedhumans (microsporidiosis)

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What are some characteristics of

fungi?

~ large number cause disease in plants, few cause disease in

animals

What are 5 classifications of

fungi?

~ Zygomycdtes (bread molds), Basidiomycetes (commonmushroom), Ascomycetes (food spoilage molds),

Deutreromycetes (human patogens), chytridiomycota (simpletrue fungi)

What 4 ways cause fungal

disease in humans?

~ Cause allergic reaction to spores or vegetative cells, react totoxins produced, grow on or in the body (mycoses), destroy

human food suply.

Name an example of a mycosesfungal disease?

~ histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, candidiasis

What does superficial mean in

disease?

~ affect only hair, skin nails

What does intermediate mean indisease?

~ affects respiratory tract or skin and subcutaneous tissure

What does systemic mean in

disease?~ affects tissues deep in body

What are characteristics of slimemolds and water molds?

~ used to be considered types of fungus, divisions ofmyxomycota & acrasiomycota (acellular or cellular) and

oomycota & oomycetes (caused the potato famine in ireland)

What are arthropods? ~ include ticks, fleas, and mites

What are some characteristics ofarthropods?

~ acts as vectors for transmitting diseases(mechanical/biological)

What is a mechanical vector? arthropod picks up the material on its body and transmits it

What is a biological vector?~ essential part of the life cycle, pathogen multiplies within the

vector

What is arbovirusees? ~ arthrophod bone viruses.

Female mostquitoes need ? for

proper development of eggs?~ blood

How much food can a female

mosquito eat?~ twice her body weight

What causes the alergic reaction ~ the saliva injected by needlelike stylets

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to the skin when a mosquito

bites?

Can mosquito transmit disease?~ yes, by picking up infectious agent from host and then takes a2nd meal from different host

How do fleas get around?~ they are wingless, so they have powerful hind legs to jump

far

What 2 things can fleas transmitto humans?

~ Yersinia pestis and Murine typhis

What could happen if you

accidently ate a flea?

~ it's possible to get a tape worm (dipylidium caninum) that

way

How does lice attack their prey? ~ by piercing their skin and sucking their blood

Pediculas humanus attack how

many hosts?~ lice only attack humans

What can lice transmit? ~ trench fever, epidemic typhus, and relapsing fever

What is the name for crab louse? ~ phthirus pubis

Some ticks produce saliva thatcauses ?

~ paralysis

The wood tick is a vector for

what? ~ rocky mountain spotted fever

What is loxdes scapularis? ~ a tick that transmits thebacteria that causes lyme disease

Where do mites live? ~ on the surfaces of animals and plants

What is the name forscabies? ~ sarcoptes scabiei (mites)

What do dust mites contribute

to?~ allergies and asthma

What disease is transmitted bymouse mites? ~ rickettsial pox

What disease is transmitted by

rodent mites?~ scrub typhus

What are Helminths?~ parsitic worms that cause disease by invading the host tissuesor robbing the host of nutrients

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Do helminths attack more than

one host?~ Yes, some do, having complex life cycles

Name some helminths?~ nematodes or roundworms, cestodes or tapeworms,trematodes or flukes

What is the physical appearance

of a nematode in the helminth

family?

~ have cylindrical tapered body, with tubular digestive tract

that extends from the mouth to the anus

What are the 2 groups that

nematodes can be divided into?

~ one that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract, and ones that are

found in the blood and in other tissues

What is the cestode's (in the

helminths family) physicalappearace?

~ flat, ribbon shaped bodies that are segmented. head, orscolex, has suckers and sometimes hooks

What do cestode's absorb

directly?~ nutrients

How are cestodes transmitted tohumans?

~ when food is uncooked or undercooked. also sometimestransmitted by consuming fleas

What is the physical appearance

of trematodes (in the helminthsfmaily)?

~ bilaterally symmetrical, flat and leaf shaped

How do trematodes eat?

~ they have suckers that hold the organism in place and suck

fliuds from host

What are some characteristics oftrematodes?

~ they are hemaphroditic (both sex organs) and usually havemany hosts