clause
TRANSCRIPT
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Prepared By:
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• CLAUSE is a string of words
that contains a subject and a
verb.
• In grammar, a clause is the
smallest grammatical unit that
can express a
complete proposition.
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What are the 2
distinctions of CLAUSES?
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INDEPENDENT
CLAUSES▪ An independent clause is a group of
words that contains a subject and
verb and expresses a complete
thought. An independent clause is a
sentence.
▪ It is a simple sentence that can
stand alone.
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INDEPENDENT
CLAUSE MARKERS
also
consequently
furthermore
however
moreover
nevertheless
therefore
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Examples of Simple Sentences (Independent Clauses):
▪ Mr. Smith arrived at the airport early this morning.
▪ We must find a new strateghy.
▪ I play basketball.
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Examples of Compound Sentences (Two Independent Clauses):
▪ Mr. Smith arrived early this morning, but I didn’t meet him.
▪ We must find a new strategy, or we will lose our advantage.
▪ I play basketball, George plays baseball, and Fred plays tennis.
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DEPENDENT
CLAUSES▪ A dependent clause functions not as a sentence
but as a part of speech (noun, adjective,
adverb). Therefore, it cannot stand alone as a
sentence. It is attached to some part of an
independent clause.
▪ It has an incomplete thought and cannot be a
sentence. Often a dependent clause is marked
by a dependent marker word.
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DEPENDENT
CLAUSE MARKERSafter if
although in order
as to
as if since
because though
before unless
even if until
even though whatever
when whenever
whether while
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Examples of Complex Sentences(1 Dependent Clause, 1 Independent Clause):
▪ When I got home, I cooked for dinner.
▪ We visited the musuem, before it closed.
▪ When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page.
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What are the 3 classifications of
DEPENDENT CLAUSES?
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▪ it act as adverbs and tell us
WHEN something happens.
▪ They usually begin with the
words:
When, Before, After, As soon as
and Until
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What are the 2 classifications of
TIME CLAUSES?
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• Clauses that refer to past time are
formmed with the verb in the PAST
tense:
Examples:▪ When I finished my lunch, we played golf.
▪ After we played golf, we went to a party.
▪ As soon as we arrived at the party, they put the steaks on.
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• Clauses that refer to future time
are formed with the verb in the
PRESSENT tense:
Examples:▪ As soon as we arrive at the party, they will put the steaks on.
▪ Before we eat our steaks, we will sit around and talk.
▪ Until the party ends, there will be plenty of good wine.
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▪ It give information about
nouns (people, things, places, etc.).
▪ They appear after the noun they
describe.
▪ Adjective Clauses are also called
RELATIVE CLAUSES.
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• Adjective Clauses are not set off by
commas if the information is neccessary in
order to identify the person or thing.
Examples:▪ The person who is sitting on my right is left-handed.
▪ The gentleman who dropped his wallet will come back for it.
▪ My brother who lives in Alaska works as a
trapper and hunter.
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• Adjecttive Clauses are set off by
commas if the information is not
necessary in order to identify the person or
thing.
Examples:▪ John , who is sitting on my right , is left-handed.
▪ The governor , who spoke at our banquet , will speak again next year.
▪ My brother , who lives in Alaska , works as a trapper
and hunter.
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▪ It act as simple nouns and identify
persons, places, things, etc.
▪ They are introduced by words such
as:
How, If, That, What, When, Where,
Whether, Which, Who, Whom,
Whomever, Whose, Why
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• A Noun Clause as the subject of
a sentence.
Examples:▪ That sales have gone up is good news inddeed.
▪ Who gets the credit for a good idea should not be important.
▪ Why she said that is a mystery to me.
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• A Noun Clause as the object of
a sentence.
Examples:▪ I will never understand how we arrived on time.
▪ I don't know when he resigned.
▪ I'd like to see if he can manage it.
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QUIZ :))