Climate Change

• Beau Damen

FAO’s Work on Climate Change and Food Security

Charles Boliko, PhD

Director, FAO Liaison Office in Japan

June 2018

Overview

1. Global Food Security

2. Drivers and Impacts of Climate Change

3. FAO Action on Climate Change

4. Initiatives within the Asia and the Pacific Region

5. Examples of Concrete Projects

5.1. AMICAF Project

5.2. Regional project on ‘Healthy Soil Management for

Combating Climate Change in Southeast Asia’

1. Global Food Security

Definition of Food Security:

Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.

-1996 World Food Summit

Availability, Access, Utilization, Stability

2. Drivers and Impacts of Climate Change

4Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), 2016; FAOSTAT, 2015.

Hazards and Drivers

35%

11%20%

19%

4%7%

4%

Enteric Fermentation

Manure left on Pasture

Rice Cultivation

Synthetic Fertilizers

Manure applied to soils

Manure management

Crop residues

Figure - Shares of emissions from agriculture

in AsiaPercent based on average values, 2001-2011

• Projected impacts of climate change on yield are significant

● Smallholder agriculture particularly vulnerable to climate change risks and impacts

● Rural women are among the most vulnerable

5

Figure - Projected changes in crop yields for all locations worldwide

owning to climate changePercentage of yield projections (projections, n=1080)

Source: FAO, 2016, State of Food and Agriculture.

Impacts on Agriculture

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

2090-2109

(22)

2070-89

(134)2050-69

(500)

2030-49

(250)2010-29

(184)

Positive

Negative 0-5% 5-10% 10-25% 25-50% 50-100%

0-5% 5-10% 10-25% 25-50% 50-100%

3. FAO Action on Climate Change

• FAO supports member countries to take action on climate change at a number of levels

FAO field level experience tackling climate change

Forestry &

Land Use

Energy

generation and

access

Health, food

and water

security

Livelihoods of

people &

communities

Ecosystems &

ecosystem

services

Infrastructure

& built

environment

Mitigation Adaptation

• REDD+

• Emissions

from Ag &

Livestock

• Energy in

Ag value

chains

• Biogas

• Sustainable

intensification

• Climate Field

Schools

• NAP-Ag

• DRR

• Multi-purpose

water

• Climate

Proofing Ag

Value

chains

• Ecosystem-

based

production

systems

Low-emission and climate-resilient agriculture

FAO’s Climate Change Strategy

• Enhance institutional and technical capacities of Member States

• Improve integration of food security, agriculture, forestry and

fisheries within the international climate agenda

• Strengthen internal coordination and delivery of FAO’s work

Three outcomes from FAO’s Climate Change Strategy and Plan of Action:

Image source: http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/codexalimentarius/photo-archive/Infographics/SDG-Wheel.jpg

Initiative Country Partners Partners

FAO Asia Flagship Research Program

• Demographics, urbanization and climate

change

Regional CIAT, IWMI

Technical Cooperation Program - CSA

• CSA Country Profiles and NDC investment

pipelines

Regional, Thailand CIAT

Analysis and Mapping of Impacts under Climate

Change for Adaptation and Food Security

(AMICAF)

Philippines,

Indonesia, Global

MAFF

“Healthy Soil” management for Combating

Climate Change in Southeast Asia

• Emissions reductions from rice paddy

through sustainable soil management

Southeast Asia MAFF, JGSEE,

NARO

4. Initiatives within the Asia and the Pacific RegionRegional Technical Programme

Initiative Country Partners Partners

Action on Emission of GHGs for Integrated

Sustainability (AEGIS)

• Research consortium focused on improving

emissions monitoring for rice

Regional UWA, Thai Rice

Dept

Sustainable Rice Landscapes

• Regional partnership program (proposal) to

deliver GEB from rice landscapes

Indonesia,

Thailand, Vietnam

WBCSD, UNEP,

GIZ, IRRI

Financing Investment in NDC priorities for

Agriculture

• Development of innovative reporting

systems and financing products for NDCs

Southeast Asia ASEAN CRN, CIAT

Initiative Country Partners Partners

Integrating Agriculture into National Adaptation

Plans

• Enhancing adaptation planning in agriculture

• New policy guidance tools

Thailand, Nepal,

Philippines, Vietnam

BMUB,

UNDP

GEF-Capacity Building Initiative for Transparency

• Enhancing monitoring & reporting systems in

agriculture

Bangladesh,

Cambodia, Mongolia,

PNG

Various

GEF-CSA and integrated landscapes

• Field application of CSA approaches

Bangladesh,

Cambodia, Myanmar,

Lao PDR, Sri Lanka

Various

Supporting Initiatives at the country levelRegional Technical Programme

Initiative Country Partners Partners

GEF - Strengthening agro-met services and farmer

adaptation

• Establishment of improved national agro-met

systems and climate field schools

Lao PDR, Nepal Various

GCF REDD+/CSA Projects

• Scaling up integrated resources management and

CSA approaches based on national priorities

Afghanistan,

Cambodia, Nepal,

Pakistan,

Philippines, Vietnam

Various

Supporting Initiatives at the country levelRegional Technical Programme

5. Examples of Concrete Projects5.1. AMICAF Project

• Analysis and Mapping of Impacts under Climate Change for Adaptation and Food Security (AMICAF)

• FAO Trust Fund Project, funded by MAFF-Japan

• AMICAF 1st phase - 2011-2015: The Philippines and Peru

• AMICAF 2nd phase – 2015-2018: Indonesia and Paraguay

• Objectives: to fill climate change ‘knowledge’ and ‘capacity’ gaps towards evidence-based climate change adaptation planning and strategic responses in agriculture sector.

Component 1:

Impacts Analysis of Climate Change on Agriculture

(MOSAICC)

Component 2: Food

Insecurity Vulnerability Analysis at household level

Component 3:

Enhance Community Capacities to Adapt Climate

Change

Component 4: Policy and

Planning Support

Solomon Islands

Fiji

Samoa

Cook Islands

Federated States of Micronesia

Marshall Islands

Bangladesh

Sri Lanka

Maldives

IndiaPakistan

Afghanistan

Mongolia

China DPRK

Nepal

Bhutan

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

Lao PDR

Papua New Guinea

Philippines

Indonesia

Malaysia

Singapore

Brunei Darussalam

Vanuatu

Tuvalu

Kiribati

Nauru

Palau

Tonga Niue

Timor Leste

Japan

5.2. “Healthy Soil” management for Combating Climate Change in Southeast Asia

Funded by MAFF Japan

Target Region Southeast Asia

Starting date August 2017

End date August 2019

Thank you