climate&comfort 101110

8/8/2019 Climate&Comfort 101110

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TS Diploma Environmental Modelling & Simulation Tools Term 1 2010-11

CLIMATE, COMFORT, BUILDING DESIGN

Simos Yannas 10 November 2010

Physiological Processes



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Effect of Solar Radiation

Effect of Solar Radiation



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Effect of Wind

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u i v a

l e n

t t e m p e r a

t u r e r e

d u c

t i o n ,

K

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0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50

wind velocity m/s

e

q

PARAMETERS AFFECTING SENSATION OF THERMAL COMFORT

environmental variables

• air temperature oC• mean radiant temperature oC

• air velocity m/s• relative humidity %

• metabolic activity 1met = 58 W/m 2 body surface area

• clothing 1clo = 6.45 W/m 2 K



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Physiological MODEL (Fanger 1970; ISO7730-1993)

Predicted Mean Vote (PMV)

ASSESSING THERMAL COMFORT

ASSESSING THERMAL COMFORT



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Neutral Temperature (Auliciems 1981)

THE ADAPTIVE MODEL

Tn = 17.6 + 0.31 x T o

whereTo = monthly mean outdoor air temperature oC

oc = = n - .

Example

ADAPTIVE MODEL Tn = 17.6 + 0.31 x T o

To= 30 oC T n= 17.6 + 0.31 x 30 ~ 26.9 oCTc= 26.9 +/-2.5 24.4-29.4 oC

To= 10 oC T n= 17.6 + 0.31 x 10 = 20.7 oCT = 20.7 +/-2.5 18.2-23.2 oC

To= 0 oC T n= 17.6 oCTc= 17.6 +/-2.5 15.1-20.1 oC



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ASHRAE Standard 55-2004 (USA)

European Standard EN 15251



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Where to find climate data?



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Create Weather File & Process in Weather Tool

• Find your location in Meteonorm Site Menu• Select User-Defined Data format• Select variables as shown• Generate and save hourly datafile• Open file (*.dat) in Excel and import data• Save file as *.csv format and exit Excel• Start Weather Tool and Open saved .csv file• Identify file as “Separated Value” and Open

• Load converter file SY NEW.ccf and click Load• When Weather Tool opens, enter the correct

Latitude and Longitude of your location andsave the data file.



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Create Weather File & Process in Excel

•• Select the Format in which you wish your data to

appear (e.g. “Helios” gives solar data for verticalsurfaces of all four cardinal orientations; Meteogives daily max and min air temperatures; “User-

• Generate and Save Hourly and/or Monthly files• Open Meteonorm files (*.dat) in Excel to convert• Process the data in Excel as desired.



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Month Ta Ta dmin Ta dmx Tp RH SDd G_Gh G_Bh G_Dh G_Gk G_Gn Lg FF DD RR RDdry-bulb wet-bulb hours kWh/m2

Jan 20.0 15.4 24.6 15.0 65 7.6 3.97 2.36 1.59 4.6 6.82 17861 4 0 23 1Feb 20.4 15.4 25.0 15.0 62 7.8 4.34 2.17 2.17 3.79 6.48 19756 4.7 0 23 1Mar 22.6 17.5 27.5 16.2 58 7.7 5.58 3.1 2.47 3.39 7.64 25374 5 0 18 1

ABU DHABI MONTHLY DATA Excel Worksheet from Meteonorm

WEATHER DATA, CLIMATE & COMFORT STUDIES

Apr 25.9 19.0 31.8 17.6 52 8.7 5.85 2.96 2.87 2.31 7.35 26724 4.3 315 7 0May 29.7 22.9 35.8 20.5 50 10.3 6.75 3.69 3.05 1.71 8.5 30938 4.5 315 2 0Jun 31.5 24.5 36.8 23.8 57 10.9 6.45 3.2 3.24 1.51 7.98 29901 4.4 270 0 0Jul 33.4 27.8 38.5 25.4 57 9.7 5.81 2.7 3.11 1.51 7.08 27064 4.6 180 2 0Aug 33.9 27.8 39.6 25.5 55 9.7 6.18 3.16 3.01 2.03 7.74 28725 4.5 180 1 0Sep 32.6 26.3 37.6 24.9 58 9.6 5.8 3.16 2.61 2.98 7.67 26853 4.2 180 0 0Oct 29.4 23.7 35.1 22.6 60 9.6 5.25 3.24 2 4.17 7.78 24129 3.9 0 1 0Nov 25.2 19.9 29.6 19.3 63 8.9 4.38 2.74 1.62 4.76 7.35 19846 3.9 0 6 0Dec 21.9 17.3 26.6 16.7 65 7.8 3.68 2.15 1.52 4.58 6.54 16649 3.8 0 19 1

Year 27.2 20.2 59 8.9 5.34 0 2.44 3.11 7.42 24485 4.3 317 102 6

NOMENCLATURE UNITS

Ta Air temperature Temperature in [°C]Ta dmin: Mean daily minimum Ta Wind speed in [m/s]Ta dmax: Mean daily maximum Ta Sunshine duration in [h/day]Tp Wet bulb temperature Radiation in [kWh/m² mean daily total ]SD: Sunshine duration Wind speed in [ m / s ]RR: Precipitation Luminance in [ lux ]RD: Days with precipitationFF: Wind speedDD: Wind directionG_Gh Mean irradiance of global radiation horizontalG_Bh: Mean Irradiance of direct radiation horizontalG-Dh Mean irradiance of diffuse radiation horizontalG-Gvs Mean irradiance of global radiation, tilted plane, vertical SouthG_Gn: Mean irradiance of global radiation, on a plane tracking Sun (normal to direct beam)



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Excel Graph

• Determine likely range of clothing and activity for yourbuilding programme.

• Determine adaptive comfort zones with criteria:

METHODOLOGY FOR CLIMATE & COMFORT STUDIES

(1) PPD equal to or lower than 20%

and/or

(2) Tcomfort = Tn +/- 2.5 (monthly)

• These represent conditions you need to achieve in your

• Compare the comfort zones so derived with weather data foryour location

• Identify the passive design potential for your project.



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ACCRA, GHANA 5N

Weather Tool Graph from Meteonorm



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Effect of Wind

8.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

.

u i v a

l e n

t t e m p e r a

t u r e r e

d u c

t i o n ,

K

0.00

1.00

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50

wind velocity m/s

e

q



Software

Download & install:

• PMV Calculator (square 1)

• Meteonorm (Meteotest)

Download and install from AA File Server \\jupiter\ Unit Space\EE\Tools

climate&comfort 101110

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