closed loop solar tracking system
TRANSCRIPT
Presentation On Presentation On Capstone Project (Part –I) Capstone Project (Part –I) (Closed Loop Solar Tracker)(Closed Loop Solar Tracker)
Prepared By:
Vinayak Kumar
Manpreet Kaur
Kunal Paul
Shiv Yadav
Manoj Kumar
IntroductionIntroduction • Renewable energy is rapidly gaining importance as an energy resource as fossil fuel prices fluctuate. • One of the most popular renewable energy sources is solar energy. • Many researches were conducted to develop some methods to increase the efficiency of Photo Voltaic systems (solar panels). • This project deals with a microcontroller based solar panel tracking system. • Solar tracking enables more energy to be generated because the solar panel is always able to maintain a perpendicular profile to the sun’s rays.
Project ObjectivesProject Objectives
Some of the objectives to meet are:
To design an effective sensor array to provide
directional information to guide a major drive system
to track the movement of the sun across the sky.
The drive will have to position a photo-voltaic panel
to the best angle of exposure to sunlight for collection
of solar energy.
To present and run the Solar Tracker during the end-
of-the course presentation.
Solar PanelsSolar Panels
Solar panels are devices that convert light into
electricity. Solar cells or PV cells rely on the
photovoltaic effect to absorb the energy of the
sun and cause current to flow between two
oppositely charge layers.
A solar panel is a collection of solar cells.
Crystalline silicon and gallium arsenide are
typical choices of materials for solar panels.
Solar TrackerSolar Tracker
A solar tracker is a device onto which solar
panels are fitted which tracks the motion of the
sun across the sky ensuring that the maximum
amount of sunlight strikes the panels throughout
the day.
Need Of Solar TrackerNeed Of Solar Tracker
Commercial purpose Increase Solar Panel OutputMaximum efficiency of the panel Maximize Power per unit AreaAble to grab the energy throughout the day .
Types of solar trackersTypes of solar trackers
Single Axis Solar Tracker Dual axis solar Tracker
Methods of DriverMethods of Driver
Active Trackers :Active Trackers use motors and gear trains to
direct the tracker as commanded by a controller responding to the
solar direction.
Passive Trackers :Passive Trackers use a low boiling point
compressed gas fluid that is driven to one side or the other (by solar
heat creating gas pressure) to cause the tracker to move.
Chronological Tracker :Chronological Tracker counteracts the
earth's rotation by turning at an equal rate as the earth, but in the
opposite direction.
Flow chartFlow chart
Components used:Components used:LDRDC Motors L293D(Motor Driving IC)Microcontroller(ATMEGA 16)LCDBuzzer
LDRLDR Light Dependent Resistor
(LDR) is made of a high-resistance semiconductor.
It can also be referred to as a photoconductor.
If light falling on the device is of the high enough frequency, photons absorbed by the semiconductor give bound electrons enough energy to jump into the conduction band.
The resulting free electron (and its hole partner) conduct electricity, thereby lowering resistance.
DC MotorDC Motor• A DC motor is a mechanically
commutated electric motor powered
from direct current(DC).
• DC motors are cheaper to buy.
• Simple to drive but they need feed-
back sensors to allow control of the
speed.
• It is necessary to detect the rotation of
the wheels by means of sensors.
L293DL293D• L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver integrated circuit (IC).•Motor drivers act as current amplifiers since they take a low-current control signal and provide a higher-current signal. • This higher current signal is used to drive the motors.•When an enable input is high, the associated driver gets enabled.•when the enable input is low, that driver is disabled.
Microcontroller(ATMEGA16)Microcontroller(ATMEGA16)
Flash (Kbytes): 16 KbytesPin Count : 40Max. Operating Frequency:
16 MHz CPU: 8-bit AVRMax I/O Pins: 32 ADC channels:8ADC Resolution (bits): 10SRAM (Kbytes):1 EEPROM (Bytes):512
Our systemOur system
Work to be doneWork to be done
Pros And Cons Of Solar Pros And Cons Of Solar Tracking SystemTracking System
PROS:• Produces no pollution.• Solar power produces electricity very silently.• Chance to harness electricity in remote locations that are not associated with a national power grid.• Installing solar power panels in remote locations is generally much less expensive.•High efficiency.
Cons:Cons:
• High initial price of solar panels.
• Repairs and maintenance
• Damage in a storm
• Moving parts and gears require regular
maintainance
ConclusionConclusion
As we know that our country (India) have one of the
great problem of electricity now a day, specially in
ruler areas .electricity is a pillar of any country ,we
just want our project becomes ray of hope of those
People which really deserved it.
Here,Our main aim is to find low cost and accurate
closed loop solar tracker which is fully Automatic .