SRSR--CCCC

Closed Loop Treatment SystemClosed Loop Treatment System

How Things Work TodayHow Things Work Today•• Corrosion, bacteria growth and Corrosion, bacteria growth and

sedimentation occur in closed loop sedimentation occur in closed loop water systems toowater systems too

•• Scale is created in cold water Scale is created in cold water systems too, although at slower systems too, although at slower rates than in warm/hot waterrates than in warm/hot water

When hot and cold water circulates When hot and cold water circulates in any system, it contacts iron, in any system, it contacts iron, stainless steel, copper, brass, etc.stainless steel, copper, brass, etc.Corrosion is created by the potential Corrosion is created by the potential difference between the various difference between the various metals (Galvanic cell effect)metals (Galvanic cell effect)Also, iron oxidizes in the water, Also, iron oxidizes in the water, thence more corrosionthence more corrosion

Bacteria growing in the water and on Bacteria growing in the water and on the metals damage the equipment and the metals damage the equipment and create corrosion sedimentationcreate corrosion sedimentation

The OutcomeThe Outcome

In close systems water is not refreshed, In close systems water is not refreshed, the concentration of iron accumulates the concentration of iron accumulates and grows above saturation levels and and grows above saturation levels and it sinks as sludgeit sinks as sludge

Scale adds to the sludgeScale adds to the sludgeLive and dead bacteria add to the Live and dead bacteria add to the

sludgesludge

Sludge as a ProblemSludge as a Problem

•• Clogs the pipesClogs the pipes•• Clogs fan coilsClogs fan coils•• Interferes with sensors, valves, etc.Interferes with sensors, valves, etc.•• Clogs filtersClogs filters

Cleaning of a Closed System

Sludge stream while

Sludge stream while

Sludge stream while

cleaning the chiller

cleaning the chiller

cleaning the chiller

The DamageThe Damage•• Heat exchange, therefore cooling Heat exchange, therefore cooling

process degradationprocess degradation•• Loss of energyLoss of energy•• Equipment life span shorteningEquipment life span shortening•• Frequent cleaning of filters and Frequent cleaning of filters and

other end unitsother end units•• Frequent malfunction, replacements Frequent malfunction, replacements

of sensors, valves, etc.of sensors, valves, etc.

Cross section of a damaged pipe in a closed loop system; damage by bacterial activity

Sedimentation and Corrosion Sedimentation and Corrosion in a Cooling Systemin a Cooling System

Mag X100

Mag X10

Sedimentation and Corrosion in a Sedimentation and Corrosion in a Cooling SystemCooling System

Sedimentation CostsSedimentation Costs0

2040

6080

100

Incr

ease

in E

nerg

y (%

)

Fouling Factor

Biofilm

CaCO3

Biofilm 4 10 21.2 43.2 86CaCO3 1 2.5 5.3 10.8 21.5

.0001 .00025 .0005 .001 .002

Existing SolutionsExisting Solutions•• Add chemicals to waterAdd chemicals to water

This is completely ineffective, This is completely ineffective, requires close and expensive requires close and expensive supervision which is impractical. supervision which is impractical. Since water does not refresh, Since water does not refresh, chemicals become ineffectivechemicals become ineffective

•• No treatment at allNo treatment at allIn many cases, no treatment is In many cases, no treatment is applied to the closed loop system, applied to the closed loop system, except for occasional water drainageexcept for occasional water drainage

The SolutionThe Solution

C.Q.M SR C.Q.M SR –– CC SystemCC System

SR SR –– CC ObjectivesCC Objectives1. Prevent sludge and scale

sediments2. Destroy micro biological life and

prevent biofilm3. Work at high PH (prevents

corrosion)4. No need for corrosion prevention

inhibitors5. Automatic, continuous removal

of suspending solids 6. Water Clarification

SR SR –– CC Operation PrincipleCC Operation Principle

• Water passes through two main stages:– Controlled Electrolysis including

sedimentation disinfection and scale removal

– Fine sand filtration for sludge and sedimentation

Water is compressed into an electrolysis reactor

Scale settles in the reaction container

The increase in PH prevents the corrosion process and increases the sedimentation

The electrolysis also generates some free Chlorine ions that serve as disinfectants

Bacteria growth is inhibited by the various oxidizers

Electrolysis ProcessElectrolysis Process

אלק ט רול י זה אלק ט רול י זה ה ה ך ך תה ליתה לי

Chemical processes on the Chemical processes on the AnodeAnode

o Anode oxidationo Catalytic acidic activityo The anode oxidation creates a

group of free radicals with wide oxidation activity

תה ליכים כימיים על תה ליכים כימיים על פני ה אנודה פני ה אנודה

Chemical Reactions on the Anode

HOˉ -e →OHº

HOº→H₂O + Oº

HOº→H₂O₂2

Clˉ - e → Clº Clº→ 2 Cl₂

Radical hidroxil

Radical oxygen

Hydrogen peroxide

Radical chlorine

Molecular chlorine

Water passes from the electrolysis Water passes from the electrolysis container to the sand filtercontainer to the sand filterSand filter (0 grade) cleans water of Sand filter (0 grade) cleans water of sludge, corrosion and bacterial sludge, corrosion and bacterial products and returns to system products and returns to system clean, disinfecting water clean, disinfecting water

Filtration ActionFiltration Action

systemsystem SRSR--CCCC

Water OutWater Out

Water InWater In

Sand FilterSR Scale Remover

Circulation Pump

Sediments Removal

Bacterial Action Prevention

Scale Prevention

At fix time intervals, a At fix time intervals, a reverse flushing is done to reverse flushing is done to the filter and scale remover the filter and scale remover together, using same together, using same water. Use fresh water (not water. Use fresh water (not the closed loop water)the closed loop water)

The sediments in the filter The sediments in the filter and the scale in the scale and the scale in the scale remover are disposed off remover are disposed off properlyproperly

Sediments RemovalSediments Removal

ResultsResults

• The closed loop system is well maintained, circulates clear water, devoid of bacteria, corrosion sediments and scale

• Full cooling capacity of the system is kept continuously and efficiently saving– energy, – maintenance costs, – equipment costs, – chemicals, – manpower, – downtime.

Closed Loop System Water in a Commercial Closed Loop System Water in a Commercial Center during first 4 months of OperationCenter during first 4 months of Operation

:

Results

START4 Months

SR SR –– CC Potential ApplicationsCC Potential Applications

•• Closed Loop Cold Water SystemsClosed Loop Cold Water Systems•• Closed Loop Hot Water SystemsClosed Loop Hot Water Systems•• Closed Loop, combined (Cold Closed Loop, combined (Cold -- Hot) Water Hot) Water

SystemsSystems•• Cooling Systems combined (Open Cooling Systems combined (Open –– Closed)Closed)•• Hot Water SupplyHot Water Supply•• Standing water SystemsStanding water Systems

SR – CC System for 2000 TR

Combined Treatment System One system treats the closed loop cold water

and the cooling tower water

System InstallationSystem InstallationThe installation into the closed loop system The installation into the closed loop system

is simple without complex pipingis simple without complex pipingTwo flanged connection points, or screwed Two flanged connection points, or screwed

to main pipe in line.to main pipe in line.Installation time estimate one work hourInstallation time estimate one work hour