cmsc 477/677 agent architectures and multi-agent systems
DESCRIPTION
CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems. UMBC Prof. Marie desJardins Spring 2007. Course information. Prof desJardins ITE 337, x53967, [email protected] Class mailing list [email protected] - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CMSC 477/677Agent Architectures and
Multi-Agent Systems
UMBCProf. Marie desJardins
Spring 2007
![Page 2: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Course information
Prof desJardins– ITE 337, x53967, [email protected]
Class mailing list– [email protected]– To subscribe, send email to
[email protected] with the line: subscribe agents-class Your Name
![Page 3: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Today’s overview
Class structure and policies What’s an agent? Agent exercise Next class
![Page 4: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Class structure: Syllabus
Course page: http://www.cs.umbc.edu/courses/graduate/677/spring07/http://www.cs.umbc.edu/courses/undergraduate/477/spring07/
![Page 5: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Class structure: 477 vs. 677
Slightly different weights for assignments Two problem sets for graduate students Agent architectures project: Graduate students must
do a more in-depth analysis, relating their findings to the research literature
MAS project: Graduate students must include an experimental research component, and submit a research design
In general, graduate students are expected to show greater depth in their analysis and synthesis of ideas
![Page 6: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Class structure: Prerequisite
CMSC 471 or 671 is a prerequisite for the class
I am flexible about this prerequisite, but if you have not had 471/671, and you wish to take the class, you must:– Attend an AI review session this Friday (Feb. 2,
10-12 in ITE 346)– Be prepared to do additional background reading
![Page 7: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Class structure: Participation
This is a discussion class– Reading must be done in advance– Participation counts—a lot
40/35% of grade is related to class participation– Class discussion (30/25%)
Do you attend class? Are you prepared? Have you done the reading? Have you
thought about the discussion questions? Do you contribute to the discussion with insightful questions
and comments?– Paper summaries (5%)– Discussion leaders (5%)
![Page 8: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Class structure: Agent architecture project
Agent architecture project: 20/15% of grade– Download one of the architectures we learn about– Apply the architecture to a domain of your choice
Deadlines:– Proposal due Feb. 20 (5% of project grade)– Draft report due Mar. 15 (5% of project grade)– Demonstration week of Mar. 27 (25% of grade)– Report due Apr. 3 (65% of grade)
![Page 9: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Class structure: MAS paper/presentation
MAS paper: 25% of grade– Students will select a topic to study in greater depth, write a
paper, and give a presentation on that topic.– Proposal and bibliography due Apr. 5 (10% of project grade)– Draft report due Apr. 26 (10%)– Final report due May 17 (80%)
MAS presentation: 5% of grade– Presentation on May 1, 3, 10, 15, or 17 [final exam slot] (20%)
Paper review (of another student’s paper, due May 3): 5% of grade
![Page 10: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
MAS competition
Multi-agent tournament: 10% of grade– In-class competition
April 26 (Round One: does your agent do anything?) May 8 (Round Two: does your agent do it well?)
– Short report describing design and performance of agent (due May 15)
![Page 11: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Policies
Grading and academic honesty Plagiarism, citations
![Page 12: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Original passage:– I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States
of America, and to the republic for which it stands, one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.
Unacceptable summary:– I promise loyalty to the United States flag, and to
the country for which it stands, one nation, with freedom and fairness for all.
Plagiarism exercise
![Page 13: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Plagiarism exercise II
Original passage:– I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States
of America, and to the republic for which it stands, one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.
Acceptable summary:– I promise to be loyal to the United States flag and
to the USA itself: One united country that provides basic rights such as liberty and justice to all citizens.
![Page 14: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What’s an agent?
Weiss, p. 29 [after Wooldridge and Jennings]:– “An agent is a computer system that is situated in some
environment, and that is capable of autonomous action in this environment in order to meet its design objectives.”
Russell and Norvig, p. 7:– “An agent is just something that perceives and acts.”
Rosenschein and Zlotkin, p. 4:– “The more complex the considerations that [a] machine
takes into account, the more justified we are in considering our computer an ‘agent,’ who acts as our surrogate in an automated encounter.”
![Page 15: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What’s an agent? II
Ferber, p. 9:– “An agent is a physical or virtual entity
a)Which is capable of acting in an environment,b)Which can communicate directly with other agents,c) Which is driven by a set of tendencies…,d)Which possesses resources of its own,e)Which is capable of perceiving its environment…,f) Which has only a partial representation of this environment…,g)Which possesses skills and can offer services,h)Which may be able to reproduce itself,i) Whose behavior tends towards satisfying its objectives, taking
account of the resources and skills available to it and depending on its perception, its representations and the communications it receives.”
![Page 16: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
OK, so what’s an environment?
Isn’t any system that has inputs and outputs situated in an environment of sorts?
![Page 17: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What’s autonomy, anyway?
Jennings and Wooldridge, p. 4:– “[In contrast with objects, we] think of agents as
encapsulating behavior, in addition to state. An object does not encapsulate behavior: it has no control over the execution of methods – if an object x invokes a method m on an object y, then y has no control over whether m is executed or not – it just is. In this sense, object y is not autonomous, as it has no control over its own actions…. Because of this distinction, we do not think of agents as invoking methods (actions) on agents – rather, we tend to think of them requesting actions to be performed. The decision about whether to act upon the request lies with the recipient.”
Is an if-then-else statement sufficient to create autonomy?
![Page 18: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
So now what?
If those definitions aren’t useful, is there a useful definition? Should we bother trying to create “agents” at all?
![Page 19: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Next class
Reading: Wooldridge Chapter 1 and 2; Wooldridge & Jennings 1995
Overview by Dr. dJ
Tuesday reading: Wooldridge Chapter 4; Bratman et al. 1998
Discussion leaders!
![Page 20: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Multi-agent exercise
Getting to know you... getting to know all about you... (or at least your label / color...)
![Page 21: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Rules
Write your name on your card You can only talk to one other agent at a time The only information you can exchange is your agent
ID, your (real) name, and your current “value” At the end of class, turn in your card with:
– the names of your “agent neighbors”– your agent “value”– one observation about what was hard (or easy) about each
game
![Page 22: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Game #1 (lined side of card)
Your agent ID is the circled number Each agent must choose a “value” from A to F Your “value” must be after the values of your
predecessors, and before the values of your successors, as indicated by the arrows on your card– e.g., A B and C E
![Page 23: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Does global knowledge help?
1
7
2
8 9
5
10
6
13 16 19
11
14
3
12
17 18 20
4 15
![Page 24: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Game #2 (unlined side of card)
Your agent ID is the circled number The agent “values” are B(lue), R(ed),
G(reen), and Y(ellow) You must choose a value that is different
from the values of your neighbors
![Page 25: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Global knowledge...
1 2 3
4
5 6
7 89 10
11 1213
14 15
1617 18 19 20
![Page 26: CMSC 477/677 Agent Architectures and Multi-Agent Systems](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/56815000550346895dbdc88e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
After-action reviewor post-mortem, as the case may be…
...