ISBN 978-3-662-43606-6

1

Animal Signals and Communication Series Editors: Vincent M. Janik · Peter McGregor

Animal Signals and Communication 3

Reginald B. CocroftMatija GogalaPeggy S.M. HillAndreas Wessel Editors

Studying Vibrational Communication

Studying Vibrational Comm

unicationCocroft · Gogala · Hill · W

essel   Eds.

3

Reginald B. Cocroft · Matija Gogala · Peggy S.M. Hill · Andreas Wessel Editors

Studying Vibrational Communication

This volume explains the key ideas, questions and methods involved in studying the hidden world of vibrational communication in animals. The authors dispel the notion that this form of communication is difficult to study, and show how vibrational signaling is a key to social interactions in species that live in contact with a substrate, whether it be a grassy lawn, a rippling stream, or a tropical forest canopy. This ancient and widespread form of social exchange is also remarkably understudied. A frontier in animal behavior, it offers unparalleled opportunities for discovery and for addressing general questions in communication and social evolution. In addition to reviews of advances made in the study of several animal taxa, this volume also explores topics such as vibrational communication networks, the interaction of acoustic and vibrational communication, the history of the field, the evolution of signal production and reception, and establishing a common vocabulary.

Life Sciences

9 783662 436066

Animal Signals and Communication

Volume 3

Series editors

Vincent M. JanikSchool of BiologyUniversity of St AndrewsFife, UK

Peter McGregorCentre for Applied ZoologyCornwall CollegeNewquay, UK

For further volumes:http://www.springer.com/series/8824

Reginald B. Cocroft • Matija GogalaPeggy S. M. Hill • Andreas WesselEditors

Studying VibrationalCommunication

123

EditorsReginald B. CocroftDivision of Biological SciencesUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbia, MOUSA

Matija GogalaSlovenian Academy of Sciences and ArtsLjubljanaSlovenia

Peggy S. M. HillFaculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of TulsaTulsa, OKUSA

Andreas WesselMuseum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut

für Evolutions- undBiodiversitätsforschung

Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany

and

Zoologisches MuseumUniversität HamburgHamburgGermany

ISSN 2197-7305 ISSN 2197-7313 (electronic)ISBN 978-3-662-43606-6 ISBN 978-3-662-43607-3 (eBook)DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-43607-3Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London

Library of Congress Control Number: 2014942315

� Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part ofthe material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission orinformation storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are briefexcerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for thepurpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of thework. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions ofthe Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use mustalways be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at theCopyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in thispublication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exemptfrom the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date ofpublication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility forany errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, withrespect to the material contained herein.

Printed on acid-free paper

Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

ToHildegard Strübing(8 May 1922–18 May 2013)

Foreword

The Emerging Field of Tremology

Vibrations and chemicals are the oldest modes of communication and bothprobably evolved from the original cell–cell mechanical and chemical interactionswithin early metazoans. In spite of vibrational communication being sowidespread (more than 230,000 arthropods species and many vertebrates too), it isprobably the least commonly known and least well known of all the sensorymodes. This is partially because it is often lumped with auditory communication,with which it is related. It may also be because it is not as familiar to humans asother sensory modes (we only use it in the final stages of mating), and most peoplemay not even think to ask if an animal is using vibrational communication,especially if it is using another form of communication very conspicuously.The possible vibratory communication through perches of night roosting birds is agood example. Scientific social facilitation is another possible reason; the authorsof this book represent a significant fraction of people working in the field; othersensory modes are being researched by 1–2 orders of magnitude more people.Perhaps one reason is that there is not a word describing what we do; I suggest theterm ‘‘tremology’’ (the study of tremors, vibrations, etc.). This book aims toredress this absurd lack of attention to an absolutely fascinating subject.

Vibratory communication is distinguished from auditory communication in thatit is transmitted through solids or the air–water interfaces rather than only throughair or water. This may sound like a small and arbitrary difference but it has majorconsequences for signal design and content. The major difference betweenvibrations and sounds is that sounds travel long distances through homogeneousmedia, whereas vibrations generally do not or travel shorter distances before losingtheir detectability. The distance between any impedance changes in air or watertakes place over scales of thousands of wavelengths and hundreds or thousands ofmeters for sound. In contrast, changes in impedance take place on very smallscales in solids, even in less than a wavelength. This means that the effects ofthe communication environment on the efficacy and evolution of signals arepotentially much greater for vibrations compared to sound. In fact, vibratory

vii

communication may be the best model system for examining and predicting theeffects of the environment on the function and evolution of signals, preciselybecause environmental effects are so strong.

This book provides an encyclopedic introduction to our current (2014)knowledge of vibratory communication or tremology. It covers the amazingdiversity of vibration generating mechanisms, signal forms, receptors, neurosci-ence of reception, and some signal processing, in a variety of arthropods andvertebrates. Mollusks and ‘‘minor’’ phyla are not covered but this may be more amatter of unasked questions than a lack of vibratory use. Plants are not coveredeither, but vibrations are known to trigger pollination mechanisms in many taxa,and could possibly be used by vines for climbing cues. The general questions areaddressed in various ways with different taxa as examples: What signals areimportant to the individual of a particular species? How are they generated? Howdo they impedance match with the environment for efficient transmission? How doenvironmental properties and environmental heterogeneity affect transmissionfrom sender to receiver and from sender to eavesdropper (such as a rival orpredator)? Does this lead to predictions about the form of vibrational signals underspecified conditions? What kinds of receptors are used for detecting and gaininginformation on identification, distance, and direction, and how do they and thebrain extract information? Over what range does detection work and is this used tointentionally communicate at shorter distance to conspecifics than to predators orother eavesdroppers? What is the effect of communication networks on theevolution of signal forms and content? And what are the effects of the environmenton the evolution of signals?

One of the most interesting but also puzzling aspects of vibratory communi-cation is how small arthropods use vibratory communication to find conspecificsand avoid predators and parasitoids when living on plants. The difficulty of findinga vibration source is not just a matter of noise induced by wind, rain, and vibra-tions from adjacent roads, but also a matter of reverberation. Localization may notbe too difficult within a single leaf (as with leaf miners and parasitoids) but it is adifficult and puzzling problem in plant stems. Owing to the complex geometry andsmall-scale material heterogeneity of branches, the major difference from largehomogeneous substrates is that in plants there is no necessary monotonic reductionin amplitude or other signal properties with distance from the signaler.For example, there are significant impedance changes within stems at nodes(denser parts of stems where buds and new branches form), branches, branch tips,and roots and these can result in geometric patterns of both resonance and multiplereflections within the plant. This results in standing waves with wave nodes (zonesof very low amplitude at certain frequencies), where the locations of the wavenodes depend on vibration frequency. The consequence is that amplitude may goup and down as an insect or spider walks across the plant toward a signaler.However, not much is known about how often wave reflections and vibration

viii Foreword

nodes occur; models are needed which include transmission geometry, impedancechange geometry, vibration axes, damping and other transmission loss, andtransmission efficiency.

The mechanisms of determining location, distance, and direction on plants arelargely unknown. Some progress is now being made by modeling various kinds ofsearch and signal reception mechanisms and these show that searches are notsimply random trial and error. Given that wave node positions depend onfrequency, and different plant species have characteristic architecture (branchinggeometry), they may provide, on average, a predictable spatial sequence of nodesat different frequencies that might give host specialists clues to distance anddirection and, with FM sweeps, the temporal pattern of changing node patternsmight also give useful cues. Surprisingly, detailed mapping of spatial distributionsof amplitude nodes with frequency over plant architecture is rarely done, and ifthis were done over the frequency ranges actually used by arthropods, newmechanisms combining frequency and nodal pattern may emerge. We have no ideawhether or not there are general geometric nodal patterns generated in plants andhow different are different plant species and families, and even the simple (rod)transmission properties are known for very few plant species. All may affect theability of insects to specialize or generalize on ranges of plant hosts, their ability todetect invertebrate or vertebrate predators or parasitoids, and the ability ofpredators and parasitoids to find plant-dwelling prey, and the ability to separateuseful signals from noise. There is clearly a lot to be done about distance anddirection estimation in vibratory signals on plants.

The varying joint use of simultaneous vibratory and auditory signalingmechanisms is discussed at length. One can supplement the other, they can both beused to transmit different signals or both can be used to transmit the same signalcontent (redundancy) in an effort to reduce noise effects. The conceptual patternsare typical of multimodal signaling in general. However, what is different fromother multimodal communication systems is that the two modes can be closelycoupled. In many cases the joint use (bimodal signaling) probably coevolvedbecause some sounds produce substrate vibrations, so any species could evolveemphasis on one or the other or both modes. Moreover, in some cases the samemechanisms produce and/or receive both kinds of signals, if so that might providea constraint to divergence of function and use of the two modes. The transmissionproperties are so different that both the function (signal design) and purpose (signalcontent) of simultaneous vibratory and sound signals are often very different.For example, they could be separately used for short and long distance commu-nication, or, due to different ambient noise levels, some may signal yes/noinformation (as in species and sex recognition) and others provide more detailedsignal content (as in mate or territorial assessment).

This book will be valuable to anyone interested in vibratory communication butwill also be valuable to anyone interested in the evolution of communication

Foreword ix

because the environmental effects on communication are covered more thoroughlyhere than they are in other sensory modes. Historians of Science will also find thisa landmark book in the development of a new science because it gives a completeearly history of the subject and the field is now just starting to expand rapidly.Perhaps the most valuable part of the book is the host of interesting and importantunanswered questions it raises.

John A. EndlerCentre for Integrative Ecology

Deakin UniversityWaurn Ponds, Australia

x Foreword

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Hannelore Hoch, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für allgemeine undangewandte Entomologie (German Society for General and Applied Entomology),and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) forsponsoring the symposium on vibrational communication, organized by AW andMG, which was the impetus for this volume. We appreciate the patience and kindcooperation of Andrea Schlitzberger, our Project Coordinator at Springer. RCthanks the National Science Foundation (IOB 0820533) for support.

Reginald B. CocroftMatija Gogala

Peggy S. M. HillAndreas Wessel

xi

Contents

Part I Studying Vibrational Communication:Ideas, Concepts and History

1 Fostering Research Progress in a Rapidly Growing Field. . . . . . . 3Reginald B. Cocroft, Matija Gogala, Peggy S. M. Hilland Andreas Wessel

2 Stretching the Paradigm or Building a New? Developmentof a Cohesive Language for Vibrational Communication . . . . . . . 13Peggy S. M. Hill

3 Sound or Vibration, an Old Questionof Insect Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Matija Gogala

4 Hildegard Strübing: A Pioneer in VibrationalCommunication Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Andreas Wessel

5 Sound Production: The Crucial Factor for Mate Findingin Planthoppers (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha)(Preliminary Communication) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Hildegard Strübing

Part II The State of the Field: Concepts and Frontiersin Vibrational Communication

6 Interactions Between Airborne Sound and SubstrateVibration in Animal Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Michael S. Caldwell

xiii

7 Vibrational Communication Networks: Eavesdroppingand Biotic Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Meta Virant-Doberlet, Valerio Mazzoni, Maarten de Groot,Jernej Polajnar, Andrea Lucchi, William O. C. Symondsonand Andrej Cokl

8 Active Space and the Role of Amplitude in Plant-BorneVibrational Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Valerio Mazzoni, Anna Eriksson, Gianfranco Anfora,Andrea Lucchi and Meta Virant-Doberlet

9 Mutual Behavioral Adjustment in Vibrational Duetting . . . . . . . . 147Rafael L. Rodríguez and Flavia Barbosa

10 Communication Through Plants in a NarrowFrequency Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171Andrej Cokl, Maja Zorovic, Alenka Zunic Kosi,Nataša Stritih and Meta Virant-Doberlet

Part III Practical Issues in Studying Vibrational Communication

11 Physical Aspects of Vibrational Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199Axel Michelsen

12 The Role of Wave and Substrate Heterogeneityin Vibratory Communication: Practical Issues in Studyingthe Effect of Vibratory Environments in Communication . . . . . . . 215Damian O. Elias and Andrew C. Mason

13 Vibrational Playback Experiments: Challenges and Solutions. . . . 249Reginald B. Cocroft, Jennifer Hamel,Quang Su and Jeremy S. Gibson

Part IV Vibration Detection and Orientation

14 Functional Morphology and Evolutionary Diversityof Vibration Receptors in Insects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277Reinhard Lakes-Harlan and Johannes Strauß

15 Echolocation in Whirligig Beetles Using Surface Waves:An Unsubstantiated Conjecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303Jonathan Voise and Jérôme Casas

xiv Contents

16 Sand-Borne Vibrations in Prey Detection and Orientationof Antlions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319Dušan Devetak

Part V Biology and Evolution of Vibrational Communicationin Some Well-Studied Taxa

17 Mechanical Signals in Honeybee Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . 333Axel Michelsen

18 Vibratory Communication in Stingless Bees (Meliponini):The Challenge of Interpreting the Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349Michael Hrncir and Friedrich G. Barth

19 The Role of Frequency in Vibrational Communicationof Orthoptera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375Nataša Stritih and Andrej Cokl

20 The Tymbal: Evolution of a Complex Vibration-ProducingOrgan in the Tymbalia (Hemiptera excl. Sternorrhyncha) . . . . . . 395Andreas Wessel, Roland Mühlethaler, Viktor Hartung,Valerija Kuštor and Matija Gogala

Alphabetical Taxa Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445

Systematic Family and Species Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455

Contents xv

Alphabetical Taxa Index

AAacanthocnema dobsoni, 166Acanaloniidae, 425Acanthosomatidae, 39, 173, 431Acanthosomidae, 413Achilidae, 425Achilixidae, 425Acridoidea, 376Acrosternum hilare, 103, 105, 135, 164Acrosternum impicticorne, 164Adomerus biguttatus, 434. See also

Sehirus biguttatusAechmea bractea, 97Aechmea magdalenae, 130Aelia acuminata, 413, 433Aenictopecheidae, 429Aepophilidae, 430Aetalionidae, 428Aetalioninae, 428African elephants, 68, 79, 82. See also

Loxodonta africanaAgallia brachyptera, 403, 407, 433Agallia venosa, 407, 433. See also

Anaceratagallia venosaAgalliinae, 135, 403, 407, 418, 426Agalychnis callidryas, 70, 71, 96Alderflies, 17Aleurothrixus floccosus, 163Aleyrodidae, 163, 419Alydidae, 173, 175, 431Ambush bug, 43, 105. See also

Phymata crassipesAmetrus, 378Amphibians, 5, 48, 79, 105, 304Amrasca biguttula, 433. See also

Empoasca devastansAmrasca devastans, 105, 133. See also

Amrasca biguttulaAnaceratagallia venosa, 433. See also

Agallia venosa

Ancistrura nigrovittata, 291Anoscopus flavostriatus, 433. See also

Aphrodes flavostriatusAnostostomatidae, 378Anthocoridae, 428Antlions, 9, 115, 220, 295, 319–330. See also

MyrmeleontidaeAnts, 17, 19, 23, 206, 288, 322Anurogryllus arboreus, 223Aphelocheiridae, 430Aphis fabae, 399, 433Aphodius ater, 163Aphrodes, 22, 115, 407Aphrodes bicinctus, 407, 433Aphrodes bifasciatus, 407, 433. See also

Planaphrodes bifasciatusAphrodes flavostriatus, 407, 433. See also

Anoscopus flavostriatusAphrodes makarovi, 113, 115, 163Aphrodes trifasciatus, 407, 433. See also

Planaphrodes trifasciatusAphrodinae, 407, 426Aphrophoridae, 403, 406, 407, 426Apidae, 349, 350Apis mellifera, 288, 333, 360–369. See also

Honey beeApis mellifica, 289. See also Apis melliferaAquarius paludum, 293Aradidae, 175, 431Araeopidae, 406. See also DelphacidaeAraneae, 108, 304Araneus sericatus, 85. See also

Larinioides sclopetariusAraneus diadematus, 89Argiope keyserlingi, 14Arma custos, 413, 433Arthropoda, 4, 6, 13–18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 69,

78–80, 94–96, 98, 102, 107, 108, 111,125, 126, 130, 132, 140, 178, 304, 319,320, 322, 326, 395

R. B. Cocroft et al. (eds.), Studying Vibrational Communication,Animal Signals and Communication 3, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-43607-3,� Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

445

Asian elephants, 68, 83Asopinae, 173, 175, 413Assassin bug, 100. See also

Stenolemus bituberusAsteloeca ujhelyii, 223Athysanus argentatus, 407, 433Atta, 200Auchenorrhyncha, 7, 19, 20, 23, 40, 42, 47, 49,

53, 107, 133, 401, 405–422. See alsoCicadomorpha; Fulgoromorpha

Aviorrhyncha magnifica, 421, 433Aviorrhynchidae, 421

BBackswimmers, 293, 304. See also

NotonectidaeBanana, 97, 180. See also Musa sapientumBees, 10, 18, 350. See also honeybees;

stingless beesBeet leafhopper, 410. See Circulifer tenellusBelostomatidae, 430Berytidae, 431Bindweed, 139Birds, 5, 59, 65, 69, 76, 79, 105, 162, 189, 265Biturritinae, 428Black bean aphid, 399. See also Aphis fabaeBladder cicada, 200. See also CystosomaBlattodea, 286, 287Blue jay, 70. See also Cyanocitta cristataBombini, 358, 367Bombus terrestris, 358, 367Bromeliaceae, 97, 130. See also Aechmea spp.Bumblebees, 9, 367Burrower bugs, 175, 179, 183, 209, 217.

See also CydnidaeBushcrickets, 17, 31, 33, 35, 36, 38, 40, 105,

111, 185, 286, 290, 296, 377–384, 387,389

Butterflies, 396, 398. See also Lepidoptera

CCaelifera, 286, 287, 292, 376, 377Caliscelidae, 425Caliscelinae, 410Calligypona, 57, 59, 60Calligypona lugubrina, 49, 53, 56, 57, 60. See

also Struebingianella lugubrinaCalligypona adela, 60. See also

Paraliburnia adelaCamponotus ligniperda, 289Canopidae, 431Canthophorus dubius, 414, 433

Canthophorus melanopterus, 414, 433Carausius morosus, 286Carpocoris pudicus, 413, 433Cave crickets, 18, 297, 375, 376, 378–380,

382, 384, 387, 389. See alsoTroglophilus neglectus

Cenocorixa, 433Cenocorixa blaisdelli, 423, 433Cenocorixa expleta, 423, 433Centronodinae, 427Centrotinae, 427Centrotus cornutus, 407, 433Cerambycid beetles, 19Ceratocombidae, 429Cercis canadensis, 180Cercopidae, 108, 406, 407, 426Cercopoidea, 426Chameleons, 5Cherry leaf-roller, 19Chlorochroa ligata, 174, 175Chlorochroa uhleri, 175Chlorochroa sayi, 175Chloropidae, 108Choeroparnops gigliotosi, 379Chrysopa, 42Chrysoperla, 161, 286, 296Chrysoperla carnea, 223, 288–290, 293Chrysoperla nipponensis type A, 166Chrysoperla nipponensis type B, 166Chrysopidae, 166Cicada, 10, 19, 20, 23, 24, 32, 43, 50, 57, 59,

70, 77, 83, 84, 105, 200, 395, 396,398–401, 404–406, 408, 411, 413–415,423, 424. See also Cicadidae;Cicadoidea

Cicadella atropunctata, 407, 433. See alsoEupteryx atropunctata

Cicadella viridis, 403, 434. See alsoTettigella viridis

Cicadellidae, 40, 108, 156, 157, 163,405–408, 426

Cicadellinae, 403, 407, 426Cicadidae, 42, 57, 59, 399, 407, 411, 414, 426Cicadinae, 426Cicadoidea, 395, 396, 398–401, 405,

418, 426, 434Cicadomorpha, 40–42, 395, 405, 419–421, 426Cimicidae, 428Cimicomorpha, 428Circulifer tenellus, 410, 433Cixiidae, 139, 163, 406, 425Clastopteridae, 426Cockroaches, 78, 186, 288Coenobita clypeatus, 100

446 Alphabetical Taxa Index

Coleoptera, 163, 286, 304Coleorrhyncha, 19, 412, 415, 417,

419–421, 428Colletes cunicularius, 358Colobathristidae, 175, 431Colorado potato beetle, 134. See also

Leptinotarsa decemlineataComicus calcaris, 289Conocephalus nigripleurum, 111Copiphora brevirostris, 379Coreidae, 175, 431Corimelaenidae, 431Corisella tarsalis, 423, 433Corixidae, 423, 430Corixinae, 423Cotesia marginiventris, 236Cricket, 31, 32, 33, 36, 40, 42, 60, 187, 200,

223, 286, 288, 290, 291, 294–296, 377,378, 380, 382, 384, 387, 389. See alsoGryllus

Criomorphus albomarginatus, 98Crustacea, 69, 78, 108, 281Ctenidae, 108Cuniculina impigra, 286Cupiennius getazi, 109Cupiennius salei, 134, 179, 186Cyanocitta cristata, 70Cydnidae, 14, 38, 39, 173, 175, 179, 183, 414,

415, 431, 432. See also Cydnid bugCydnid bug, 7, 200, 202, 417Cyperus, 130, 141, 181, 182Cypselosomatidae, 108Cystosoma, 200Cystosoma saundersii, 403, 433

DDarninae, 427Death-watch beetle, 24Decticus, 377Decticus albifrons, 384Decticus verrucivorus, 278, 383, 384Deinacridinae, 378Delphacidae, 40, 59, 108, 403, 405, 406,

408, 409, 418, 425Delphacinae, 410Delphax adela, 60. See also

Paraliburnia adelaDeltocephalinae, 135, 407–409, 427Derbidae, 405, 425Dicranotropis hamata, 403, 433Dictyophara europaea, 40Dictyopharidae, 425Dinidoridae, 431

Diplocolenus abdominalis, 407, 433. See alsoVerdanus abdominalis

Dipsocoridae, 429Dipsocoromorpha, 429Diptera, 278, 283, 286, 293, 294Docidocercus gigliotosi, 130, 378Dolycoris baccarum, 413, 433Doratura, 411Doratura homophyla, 407, 433Doratura stylata, 49, 57, 407, 409, 433Dorycephalinae, 407, 427Drepana, 19Drosophila, 280–282, 284, 285, 295, 306Drosophila melanogaster, 286Dung beetles, 19

EElasmucha grisea, 413, 433Elephants, 5, 18, 68, 69, 75, 85, 220. See also

African elephants; Asian elephantsElymana sulphurella, 434. See also

Solenopyx sulphurellusEmpoasca devastans, 406, 433. See also

Amrasca biguttulaEmpoasca rufescens, 407, 433. See also

Kybos rufescensEmpoasca smaragdula, 407, 433. See also

Kybos smaragdulaEmpoasca sordidula, 407, 433. See also

Kybos sordidulusEmpoasca strigilifera, 407, 433. See also

Kybos strigiliferEmpoasca virgator, 407, 433. See also

Kybos virgatorEnchenopa binotata, 98, 99, 148, 164, 180,

221, 223, 262Enchenopa binotata ‘Celastrus’, 164Enchenopa binotata ‘Cercis’, 164, 223Enchenopa binotata ‘Ptelea’, 103, 111,

164, 223Enchenopa binotata ‘Viburnum rufidulum’,

164Endoiastinae, 427Enicocephalidae, 429Enicocephalomorpha, 429Ennya chrysura, 110Enoplognatha ovata, 113, 115Enoplops scapha, 175Ensifera, 21, 282, 283, 286, 287, 290–292,

295–297, 375–380, 382–384, 387, 389Ephippiger, 377Ephippiger ephippiger, 67, 378, 389Epipygidae, 426

Alphabetical Taxa Index 447

Erianthus versicolor, 376Euacanthus, 407Euacanthus interruptus, 407, 433. See also

Evacanthus interruptusEuhemiptera, 420, 421. See also TymbaliaEuides speciosa, 40Eumastacoidea, 376Eupelix cuspidata, 433. See also

Eupelix depressa f. cuspidataEupelix depressa f. cuspidata, 407, 433.

See also Eupelix cuspidataEupteryx, 130Eupteryx atropunctata, 433. See also

Cicadella atropunctataEupteryx melissae, 406, 433Euroleon nostras, 320, 321, 323Eurybrachidae, 425Eurydema oleraceum, 413, 433Euscelidius variegatus, 203Euscelis incisus, 40, 41, 410, 433. See also

Euscelis plebeiusEuscelis lineolatus, 180, 203Euscelis ononidis, 410, 433Euscelis plebeius, 407, 433. See also

Euscelis incisusEuscelis variegatus, 180. See also

Euscelidius variegatusEuschistus heros, 112, 164, 174, 175Evacanthus interruptus, 403, 433. See also

Euacanthus interruptusEysarcoris venustissimus, 434. See also

Stollia fabriciiEysarcoris, 414, 433. See also Stollia

FFiddler crabs, 17, 207, 220, 323Fieberiellini, 135Fishes, 5, 69, 79, 304Flatidae, 108, 164, 425Formica, 322Frogs, 69, 79, 189, 223Fulgoridae, 40, 425Fulgoromorpha, 40, 41, 395, 405,

419–421, 425

GGampsocleis gratiosa, 380Gelastocoridae, 430Gengidae, 425Geocorisae, 39Gerridae, 304, 429Gerromorpha, 429

Ghost crabs, 17, 19Glyceria aquatica, 49, 56Gnathoclita sodalis, 111Graminella nigrifrons, 107, 139Grapevine, 130, 131, 136, 139Grapevine leafhopper, 24, 129. See also

Scaphoideus titanusGraphocephala atropunctata, 163Graphocraerus ventralis, 407, 433Graptosaltria nigrofuscata, 401, 433Grass cicada, 200. See also TympanistalnaGrasshopper, 10, 32, 200, 376. See also

OmocestusGroundhoppers, 18, 376Gryllacrididae, 21, 166, 297, 377Gryllacrids, 17Gryllotalpa, 200. See also Mole cricketGryllotalpa major, 67, 111, 377Gryllotalpidae, 377Gryllus bimaculatus, 288, 377Gryllus campestris, 33, 37, 200, 384, 289Gyrinidae, 304Gyrinus substriatus, 306

HHabronattus dossenus, 225, 227Hackeriella veitchi, 417, 434Hadrogryllacris, 378, 166Hairy cicadas, 405. See also TettigarctidaeHebridae, 429Hecalinae, 427Hedera helix, 129Heelwalkers, 17, 21, 175. See also

MantophasmatodeaHeliconia, 379Helotrephidae, 430Hemelytrata, 420, 421. See also TymbaliaHemideina femorata, 289, 378, 382Hemiptera, 19, 31, 38, 41–43, 135, 148, 149,

163, 288, 395, 399, 400, 401, 409, 414,419, 420, 423

Hermatobatidae, 430Heteronotinae, 427Heteroptera, 31, 38–41, 43, 171–173, 175,

177, 179, 183, 186, 187, 191, 288, 304,412, 415, 417–421, 423, 428

Heteropteroidea, 395, 419, 420Hibiscus, 378Hierodula membranacea, 287, 289Holcostethus abbreviatus, 174Homalodisca liturata, 163Homoptera, 53, 406, 414, 419, 420Homotrixa alleni, 278

448 Alphabetical Taxa Index

Honeybees, 9, 199, 211, 222, 223, 263, 288,290, 333, 336, 337, 349, 350, 352, 353,356, 357, 360–363, 365–369. See alsoApis mellifera

Hornets, 19Hyalesthes obsoletus, 130, 137, 139, 163Hydrometridae, 430Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata, 107, 225Hymenelytrata, 420Hyocephalidae, 431Hypochthonellidae, 425Hypsipterygidae, 429

IIassinae, 427Ichneumonidae, 296Idiocerinae, 403, 407, 427Idiocerus albicans, 407, 434. See also

Populicerus albicansIdiocerus elegans, 407, 434. See also

Metidiocerus elegansIdiocerus lituratus, 403, 407, 434Idiocerus stigmaticalis, 407, 434Idiocerus, 407Idiostolidae, 431Insects, 9, 18, 19, 31–33, 35, 38, 42, 44,

69–71, 77, 78, 94, 115, 130–132, 136,140, 147, 156, 160–162, 172, 173, 178,179, 182, 186, 189, 200, 202, 204, 206,211, 250, 254–256, 260, 261, 265, 277,279–281, 285–288, 293, 294, 296, 304,326, 358, 379

Invertebrates, 7, 23, 32, 38, 225, 250, 265, 266Isophya, 377Issidae, 425Israeli mole rat, 17

JJassidae, 406Jassinae, 406Jerusalem crickets, 17, 21, 377, 378. See also

StenopelmatidaeJoppeicidae, 428Jumping spiders, 113, 115, 224Juncus effusus, 178

KKaroophasma biedouwense, 289Katydids, 5, 17, 18, 67, 69, 77, 78, 80, 85, 175.

See also bushcrickets

Kawanaphila nartee, 111Kinnaridae, 425Kybos rufescens, 433. See also EmrufescensKybos smaragdula, 433. See also

Empoasca smaragdulaKybos sordidulus, 433. See also

Empoasca sordidulaKybos strigilifer, 433. See also

Empoasca strigiliferaKybos virgator, 433. See also

Empoasca virgator

LLacewings, 18, 21, 161, 223, 286, 288.

See also NeuropteraLargidae, 175, 431Larinioides sclopetarius. See also

Araneus sericatusLasiochilidae, 428Leaf- and planthoppers, 395, 401, 403.

See Non-cicadoid AuchenorrhynchaLeaf-cutting ants, 200, 206. See also AttaLeafhoppers, 14, 15, 22, 57, 75, 100, 105,

107, 109, 113, 115, 125, 133, 173,217, 405, 406, 408, 410, 417.See also Non-cicadoidAuchenorrhyncha

Ledra, 407Ledra aurita, 407, 434Ledrinae, 407, 427Lepidoptera, 19, 288, 398Leptinotarsa decemlineata, 134Leptodactylus albilabris, 68, 111. See also

White-lipped frogLeptopodidae, 430Leptopodomorpha, 430Lestoniidae, 431Liburnia, 60Limotettix striatulus, 407, 434. See also

Ophiola decumanaLiogryllus campestris, 33, 35. See also

Gryllus campestrisLizard, 206Locusta migratoria, 383Locusts, 60, 80, 185, 201, 280, 283, 286, 290,

291, 294, 295, 382, 383, 387Lophopidae, 425Loxodonta africana, 68, 77Lycosa, 82Lycosidae, 108Lyctocoridae, 428Lygaeidae, 431, 432

Alphabetical Taxa Index 449

MMachaerotidae, 426Macropsinae, 135, 407, 427Macropsis cerea, 434. See also

Macropsis planicollisMacropsis fuscinervis, 407, 434Macropsis planicollis, 407, 434. See also

Macropsis cereaMacropsis tiliae, 407, 434. See also

Pediopsis tiliaeMacrosteles cristatus, 407, 434Macroveliidae, 430Macustus grisescens, 407, 434Magicicada. See Periodical cicadasMalcidae, 432Mammals, 5, 17, 69, 74, 79Manduca sexta, 283, 288Mantodea, 287, 290Mantophasmatodea, 21, 175, 286, 292, 293Manuka tree, 378Mealworm, 322, 327. See also

Tenebrio molitorMecopoda elongata, 283, 287, 288Medocostidae, 428Meenoplidae, 425Megarididae, 432Megophthalminae, 407, 427Megophthalmus scanicus, 434. See also

Paropia scanicaMelipona, 353, 356, 357, 363, 368Melipona bicolor, 353, 355, 357, 359, 362Melipona costaricensis, 353, 355, 359Melipona fasciata, 353Melipona fasciculata, 359Melipona flavolineata, 359Melipona fuliginosa, 359Melipona mandacaia, 353, 355, 357, 359Melipona marginata, 359Melipona melanoventer, 359Melipona panamica, 351, 353, 357, 359, 365Melipona quadrifasciata, 351, 353, 359, 367Melipona rufiventris, 352, 355, 359Melipona scutellaris, 359, 361, 362–365Melipona seminigra, 351, 353, 355, 356, 358,

359–363, 366, 367Meliponini, 349–369Melizoderidae, 428Membracid (treehoppers), 254, 407. See also

MembracidaeMembracidae, 108, 148, 149, 157, 164, 252,

254, 288, 294, 427Membracinae, 427Membracoidea, 426Mesoveliidae, 430

Metcalfa pruinosa, 164Metidiocerus elegans, 434. See also

Idiocerus elegansMicrophysidae, 428Miridae, 428, 429Mole crickets, 22, 67, 69, 83, 111, 200, 220,

377. See also GryllotalpaMosquitos, 150Moss bugs, 395, 412, 417. See also

ColeorrhynchaMurgantia histrionica, 174, 180Musa sapientum, 97Myerslopiidae, 428Myophyllum speciosum, 378Myrmeleon, 319Myrmeleon crudelis, 327Myrmeleontidae, 115, 319

NNabidae, 412, 429Nannotrigona, 368Nannotrigona testaceicornis, 355, 357, 359Naucoridae, 430Neophilaenus campestris, 403, 434Nepidae, 430Nepomorpha, 430Neuroptera, 21, 115, 166, 286, 288, 296Nezara viridula, 102, 103, 105, 106, 129–131,

133, 141, 165, 173–175, 178, 180, 181,183–190, 222, 286, 288, 289, 414, 415,417, 434. See also Southern greenstinkbug

Nicomiinae, 428Nilaparvata lugens, 105, 110, 130, 410, 434.

See also Rice brown planthopperNogodinidae, 425Nolidae, 398Non-cicadoid Auchenorrhyncha, 405, 406,

411. See also leaf- and planthopperNon-sternorrhynchous hemipterans, 420. See

TymbaliaNotonecta glauca, 293Notonectidae, 304, 430

OOchteridae, 430Ocypodidae, 108Oebalus pugnax, 414, 434. See also

Rice stink bugOedipodinae, 376Okanagana rimosa, 44, 70, 77, 84Omaniidae, 430

450 Alphabetical Taxa Index

Omocestus, 200Oncopsis alni, 407, 434Oncopsis flavicollis, 407, 434Oncopsis tristis, 407, 434Ophiola decumana, 434. See also

Limotettix striatulusOpsius stactogalus, 407, 434Ormia ochracea, 42Orthoptera, 9, 10, 32, 166, 281, 282, 285, 287,

289, 293, 295, 296, 375–390Orthopteroidea, 380Orussidae, 296Orussus abietinus, 289Ostariophysi, 79Oxyrhanchinae, 428Oxytrigona, 367

PPachynomidae, 429Pagiphora, 43Palomena prasina, 413, 434Palomena viridissima, 413, 434Paraliburnia, 60Paraliburnia adela, 60. See also

Delphax adelaParaliburnia jacobseni, 60. See also

Delphax adelaParaphrynoveliidae, 430Parasitoid flies, 42, 84Parasitoid wasps, 77, 96, 98, 133, 134, 221,

236, 280, 288, 296, 326Parastrachiidae, 175, 432Pardosa, 115Paropia scanica, 407, 434. See also

Megophthalmus scanicusParuroctonus, 323Paruroctonus mesaensis, 81Pediopsis tiliae, 434. See also Macropsis tiliaePeloridiidae, 417, 428Peloridium hammoniorum, 418, 434Pentatoma rufipes, 413, 434Pentatomidae, 39, 108, 156, 164, 171–173,

175, 178, 413, 432Pentatominae, 173, 176, 189, 412, 413, 414Pentatomomorpha, 423Pentatomorpha, 431Penthimiinae, 427Periodical cicadas, 401. See also MagicicadaPeriplaneta americana, 288Perkinsiella saccharicida, 405, 434Phalangopsid cricket, 14

Phasmatodea, 292Phasmida, 21Phidippus clarus, 113Philodendron, 76Phloeidae, 432Pholidoptera aptera, 33, 35, 36, 43Phormia regina, 278Phyllonorycter malella, 134Phymata crassipes, 43, 44, 105Picromerus bidens, 413, 434Piesmatidae, 175, 432Piezodorus guildinii, 112, 165Piezodorus lituratus, 175Pisauridae, 304Planaphrodes bifasciatus, 433. See also

Aphrodes bifasciatusPlanaphrodes trifasciatus, 433. See also

Aphrodes trifasciatusPlant- and leafhoppers, 48, 50, 60, 405, 407,

417. See also Non-cicadoidAuchenorrhyncha

Planthoppers, 18, 40, 48, 49, 53–61, 113, 115,125, 133, 201, 227. See alsoNon-cicadoid Auchenorrhyncha

Plataspididae, 432Platymetopinii, 135Platypleura capensis, 400, 434Platypleura capitata, 399, 400, 434Platypleura kaempferi, 404, 434Platypleura octoguttata, 400, 434Platypleurinae, 399, 426Plecoptera, 292Pleidae, 431Plokiophilidae, 429Plumbago, 176, 180, 189Podisus maculiventris, 176, 177, 180, 189Polyctenidae, 429Polysarcus denticauda, 382, 383Populicerus albicans, 434. See also

Idiocerus albicansPotamocoridae, 431Prairie mole crickets, 67, 83, 111. See also

Gryllotalpa majorPraying mantis, 42Primates, 80Prokelisia, 115Psammotettix cephalotes, 407, 434Psyllids, 19, 133Psylloidea, 419Ptelea trifoliata, 99Pyrrhocoridae, 432Pyrrhocoris apterus, 183, 322, 323

Alphabetical Taxa Index 451

RRaphidophoridae, 297Raspy crickets, 21, 377, 378. See also

GryllacrididaeRed-eyed tree frog, 5, 18, 96. See also

Agalychnis callidryasReduviidae, 429Reduvius personatus, 412, 434Reptiles, 5Rhopalidae, 432Ribautodelphax, 102Ribautiana ulmi, 435. See also

Typhlocyba ulmiRicaniidae, 425Rice brown planthopper, 410. See also

Nilaparvata lugensRice stink bug, 414. See Oebalus pugnaxRodents, 5

SSaileriolidae, 432Saldidae, 430Saltatoria, 33Salticid spiders, 99Scaphoideus titanus, 76, 109, 110, 125,

129–132, 135–139, 141, 163, 410Scaptocoris castanea, 175, 179Scaptocoris carvalhoi, 175, 179, 217Scaptotrigona aff. depilis, 357, 359Scaptotrigona postica, 359Scarabaeidae, 163Scelionidae, 112Schedotrioza, 166Schedotrioza apicobystra, 166Schedotrioza distorta, 166Schedotrioza marginata, 166Schedotrioza multitudinea, 166Schistocerca gregaria, 287, 289, 387Schizocosa ocreata, 71, 76, 83, 85, 105,

113, 226Schizocosa retrorsa, 224, 233Schizocosa rovneri, 85Schizocosa stridulans, 224, 225Schizodactylidae, 21, 297, 378Schizopteridae, 429Schwarziana bipunctata, 359Sciocoris cursitans, 412, 434Scorpions, 21, 24, 79, 81, 82, 133, 199, 206,

207, 220, 323, 326Scutelleridae, 173, 175, 432Sehirus biguttatus, 414, 434. See also

Adomerus biguttatusSemiothisa aemulataria, 96, 98, 134

Singing cicadas, 50, 57, 395, 399, 411. SeeCicadoidea

Sipyloidea sipylus, 289Small cicadas, 31, 180, 203, 212. See also

Non-cicadoid AuchenorrhynchaSmiliinae, 428Snakes, 5, 79, 80, 96, 97Solenopyx sulphurellus, 407, 434. See also

Elymana sulphurellaSouthern green stink bug, 102, 178, 180, 183,

414. See also Nezara viridulaSoybean, 179Sparassidae, 108Speudotettix subfusculus, 407, 434Sphingid moths, 42Spiders, 17–19, 21, 69, 79, 82, 83, 99, 113,

115, 130, 221, 224–226, 250, 326Splay-footed crickets, 21, 378. See also

SchizodactylidaeStegaspidinae, 428Stegelytrinae, 427Stemmocryptidae, 429Stenocephalidae, 432Stenolemus bituberus, 100Stenopelmatidae, 21, 297, 378Stenopelmatus, 287, 291Sternorrhyncha, 395, 412, 419, 420Stick insects, 21, 286Stictocephala bisonia, 288, 289Stinging nettle, 130, 139, 140Stingless bees, 9, 349–369. See also

MeliponiniStinkbugs, 8, 19, 112, 113, 171, 172, 173, 174,

175, 182, 183, 186, 189, 326, 377Stollia, 414, 433. See also EysarcorisStollia fabricii, 412, 434. See also

Eysarcoris venustissimusStreptanus aemulans, 407, 434Streptanus marginatus, 407, 434Struebingianella (Calligypona) lugubrina, 49,

60. See also Calligypona lugubrinaStruebingianella, 60Sympiesis sericeicornis, 77, 134

TTachinid fly, 42Telenomus podisi, 112Tenebrio molitor, 322Termitaphididae, 432Termites, 14, 220, 288, 389Tessaratomidae, 175, 432Tetragonisca angustula, 359Tetrigoidea, 376

452 Alphabetical Taxa Index

Tetrix, 376Tetrix bolivari, 376Tetrix ceperoi, 376Tettigarcta, 406Tettigarcta crinita, 405, 434Tettigarcta tomentosa, 405, 434Tettigarctidae, 42, 405, 426Tettigella viridis, 407, 434. See also

Cicadella viridisTettigia, 415, 434Tettigometridae, 425Tettigonia, 377Tettigonia cantans, 67, 77, 82, 383Tettigoniidae, 108, 282, 283, 292, 295,

297, 377Thamnotettix confinis, 407, 435Thamnotrizon apterus, 33, 35. See also

Pholidoptera apteraThaumastellidae, 175, 432Thaumastocoridae, 429Therobia leonidei, 42Thesium bavarum, 178Thyanta custator accerra, 165Thyanta pallidovirens, 165Thyanta perditor, 165Tibicinidae, 403, 426Tiger moths, 19Tingidae, 429Toktok beetles, 295Trachelipus rathkii, 322Treehoppers, 130, 134, 135, 141, 182, 226,

227, 254, 262–264Trigona, 359, 367Trigona jaty, 359. See also

Tetratrigona angustulaTrigona rustica, 359. See also

Scaptotrigona posticaTritomegas bicolor, 40, 414, 435Trioza, 166Triozidae, 166Troglophilus neglectus, 289, 378, 379, 381,

382, 384, 385, 387, 388Tropiduchidae, 426True Bugs, 395, 412, 414, 417, 421, 423.

See also HeteropteraTylopelta gibbera, 107, 109, 131, 252, 261Tymbal bugs, 419. See also Tymbalia

Tymbaled superclade, 419. See also TymbaliaTymbalia, 10, 395, 399, 418–421, 424, 425Tympanistalna, 200Typhlocyba ulmi, 408, 435. See also

Ribautiana ulmiTyphlocyba, 405, 435Typhlocybidae, 406Typhlocybinae, 135, 405–408, 418, 427, 435

UUca, 323Umbonia crassicornis, 133, 134, 264Ulopidae, 406, 428Urostylididae, 432

VVanduzea arquata, 111, 151Veliidae, 430Velocipedidae, 429Verdanus abdominalis, 433. See also

Diplocolenus abdominalisVertebrates, 5, 7, 13, 15, 18, 23, 32, 43, 69, 79,

96, 189, 220, 250

WWater boatmen, 423. See also CorixidaeWater bugs, 19Water striders, 280, 293, 295, 304. See also

GerridaeWetas, 18, 290, 294, 295, 378Whirligig beetles, 9, 303–316Whiteflies, 18. See also AleyrodidaeWhite-lipped frog, 68, 81, 83, 111. See also

Leptodactylus albilabrisWolf spiders, 23, 82, 115, 208, 209, 224, 226,

227, 262, 265Woodlouse, 322, 327. See also Trachelipus

rathkii

XXenophyes cascus, 418, 435Xestocephalinae, 427

Alphabetical Taxa Index 453

Systematic Family and Species Index

Invertebrata, 7, 23, 32, 38, 225, 250, 265, 266Arthropoda, 4, 6, 13–18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 69,

78–80, 94–96, 98, 102, 107, 108, 111,125, 126, 130, 132, 140, 178, 304, 319,320, 322, 326, 395

ArachnidaScorpiones, 21, 24, 79, 81, 82, 133, 199, 206,

207, 220, 323, 326VaejovidaeParuroctonus, 323Paruroctonus mesaensis (Stahnke, 1957),

81Araneae, 17–19, 21, 69, 79, 82, 83, 99, 108,

113, 115, 130, 221, 224–226, 250, 304,326

AraneidaeAraneus sericatus = Larinioides sclope-

tarius (Clerck, 1757), 85Araneus diadematus Clerck, 1757, 89Argiope keyserlingi Karsch, 1878, 14Ctenidae, 108Cupiennius getazi Simon, 1891, 109Cupiennius salei (Keyserling, 1877), 134,

179, 186Lycosidae, 23, 82, 108, 115, 208, 209, 224,

226, 227, 262, 265Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata (Ohlert, 1865),

107, 225Lycosa, 82Pardosa, 115Pisauridae, 304Salticidae, 99, 113, 115, 224Habronattus dossenus Griswold, 1987,

225, 227Phidippus clarus Keyserling, 1885, 113Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz, 1842), 71, 76,

83, 85, 105, 113, 226Schizocosa retrorsa (Banks, 1911), 224,

233

Schizocosa rovneri Uetz & Dondale, 1979,85

Schizocosa stridulans Stratton, 1984, 224,225

Sparassidae, 108TheridiidaeEnoplognatha ovata (Clerck, 1757), 113,

115Crustacea, 69, 78, 108, 281IsopodaOniscidea, 322, 327

TrachelipodidaeTrachelipus rathkii (Brandt, 1833), 322

DecapodaCoenobitidaeCoenobita clypeatus (Fabricius, 1787), 100Ocypodidae, 17, 19, 108, 207, 220, 323Uca, 323

Insecta, 9, 18, 19, 31–33, 35, 38, 42, 44,69–71, 77, 78, 94, 115, 130–132, 136,140, 147, 156, 160–162, 172, 173, 178,179, 182, 186, 189, 200, 202, 204, 206,211, 250, 254–256, 260, 261, 265, 277,279–281, 285–288, 293, 294, 296, 304,326, 358, 379

Plecoptera, 292Mantophasmatodea, 17, 21, 175, 286, 292,

293AustrophasmatidaeKaroophasma biedouwense Klass et al.

2003, 289Mantodea, 42, 287, 290

MantidaeHierodula membranacea (Burmeister,

1838), 287, 289Blattodea, 78, 186, 286–288

BlattidaePeriplaneta americana (Linnaeus, 1758),

288

R. B. Cocroft et al. (eds.), Studying Vibrational Communication,Animal Signals and Communication 3, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-43607-3,� Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

455

Isoptera, 14, 220, 288, 389Orthopteroidea, 380Phasmatodea, 21, 286, 292

DiapheromeridaeCarausius morosus (Sinéty, 1901), 286Sipyloidea sipylus (Westwood, 1859), 289PhasmatidaeCuniculina impigra = Ramulus impigrus

(Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907), 286Saltatoria (Orthoptera), 9, 10, 32, 33, 166,

200, 281, 282, 285, 287, 289, 293, 295,296, 375–390

Ensifera, 21, 282, 283, 286, 287, 290–292,295–297, 375–380, 382–384, 387, 389

Anostostomatidae, 378Hemideina femorata Hutton, 1896, 289,

378, 382Gryllacrididae, 17, 21, 166, 297, 377, 378Ametrus, 378Hadrogryllacris, 378, 166Gryllidae, 31, 32, 33, 36, 40, 42, 60, 187,

200, 223, 286, 288, 290, 291, 294–296,377, 378, 380, 382, 384, 387, 389

Anurogryllus arboreus Walker, 1973, 223Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer, 1773, 288,

377Gryllus campestris Linnaeus, 1758, 33, 35,

37, 200, 384, 289Gryllotalpidae, 22, 67, 69, 83, 111, 200,

220, 377Gryllotalpa, 200Gryllotalpa major Saussure, 1874, 67, 83,

111, 377Phalangopsidae, 14Raphidophoridae, 18, 297, 375, 376,

378–380, 382, 384, 387, 389Troglophilus neglectus Krauss, 1879, 289,

378, 379, 381, 382, 384, 385, 387, 388Schizodactylidae, 21, 297, 378Comicus calcaris Irish, 1986, 289Stenopelmatidae, 21, 297, 378Stenopelmatus, 17, 21, 287, 291, 377, 378Tettigoniidae, 5, 17, 18, 31, 33, 35, 36, 38,

40, 67, 69, 77, 78, 80, 85, 105, 108,111, 175, 185, 282, 283, 286, 290, 292,295–297, 377–384, 387, 389

Ancistrura nigrovittata (Brunner vonWattenwyl, 1878), 291

Choeroparnops gigliotosi Beier, 1960, 379Conocephalus nigripleurum (Bruner,

1891), 111Copiphora brevirostris Stål, 1873, 379Decticus, 377Decticus albifrons (Fabricius, 1775), 384

Decticus verrucivorus (Linnaeus, 1758),278, 383, 384

Docidocercus gigliotosi (Griffini, 1896),130, 378

Ephippiger, 377Ephippiger ephippiger (Fiebig, 1784), 67,

378, 389Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von

Wattenwyl, 1862, 380Gnathoclita sodalis Brunner von

Wattenwyl, 1895, 111Isophya, 377Kawanaphila nartee Rentz, 1993, 111Mecopoda elongata (Linnaeus, 1758), 283,

287, 288Myopophyllum speciosum Beier 1960, 378Pholidoptera aptera (Fabricius, 1793), 33,

35, 36, 43Polysarcus denticauda (Charpentier,

1825), 382, 383Tettigonia, 377Tettigonia cantans (Fuessly, 1775), 67, 77,

82, 383Caelifera, 286, 287, 292, 376, 377Acridoidea, 376

Acrididae, 60, 80, 185, 201, 280, 283, 286,290, 291, 294, 295, 376, 382, 383, 387

Locusta migratoria (Linnaeus, 1758), 383Omocestus, 200Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål, 1775),

287, 289, 387Eumastacoidea, 376

ChorotypidaeErianthus versicolor Brunner von

Wattenwyl, 1898, 376Tetrigoidea, 376

Tetrigidae, 18, 376Tetrix, 376Tetrix bolivari Saulcy, 1901, 376Tetrix ceperoi (Bolívar, 1887), 376

Hemiptera, 19, 31, 38, 41–43, 135, 148, 149,163, 288, 395, 399, 400, 401, 409, 414,419, 420, 423

‘‘Homoptera’’, 53, 406, 414, 419, 420Sternorrhyncha (=Hymenelytrata), 395, 412,

419, 420Aphidoidea

AphididaeAphis fabae Scopoli, 1763, 399, 433

AleyrodoideaAleyrodidae, 18, 163, 419Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell, 1896),

163Psylloidea, 419

456 Systematic Family and Species Index

Psyllidae, 19, 133Triozidae, 166Aacanthocnema dobsoni (Froggatt, 1903),

166Schedotrioza, 166Schedotrioza apicobystra Taylor, 1990,

166Schedotrioza distorta Taylor, 1990, 166Schedotrioza marginata Taylor, 1987, 166Schedotrioza multitudinea (Maskell, 1898),

166Trioza, 166

Tymbalia (=Hemelytrata; =Euhemiptera), 10,395, 399, 418–421, 424, 425

Aviorrhynchidae�, 421Aviorrhyncha magnifica� Nel et al. 2013,

421, 433Auchenorrhyncha, 7, 19, 20, 23, 31, 40, 42,

47–50, 53, 60, 107, 133, 180, 203, 212,395, 401, 403, 405–422

Cicadomorpha, 40–42, 395, 405, 419–421, 426Cercopoidea, 426

Aphrophoridae, 403, 406, 407, 426Neophilaenus campestris (Fallén, 1805),

403, 434Cercopidae, 108, 406, 407, 426Clastopteridae, 426Epipygidae, 426Machaerotidae, 426

Cicadoidea, 10, 19, 20, 23, 24, 32, 43, 50, 57,59, 70, 77, 83, 84, 105, 200, 395, 396,398–401, 404–406, 408, 411, 413–415,418, 423, 424, 426, 434

Cicadidae, 42, 57, 59, 399, 407, 411, 414,426

Cystosoma, 200Cystosoma saundersii Westwood, 1842,

403, 433Graptosaltria nigrofuscata (Motschulsky,

1866), 401, 433Magicicada, 401Okanagana rimosa (Say, 1830), 44, 70, 77,

84Pagiphora, 43Platypleura capensis (Linnaeus, 1764),

400, 434Platypleura capitata (Oliver, 1790), 399,

400, 434Platypleura kaempferi (Fabricius, 1794),

404, 434Platypleura octoguttata (Fabricius, 1798),

400, 434

Tettigia, 415, 434Tympanistalna, 200Tibicinidae, 403, 426Tettigarctidae, 42, 405, 426Tettigarcta, 406Tettigarcta crinita Distant 1883, 405, 434Tettigarcta tomentosa White 1845, 405,

434Membracoidea, 426

Aetalionidae, 428Cicadellidae, 14, 15, 22, 40, 57, 75, 100,

105, 107–109, 113, 115, 125, 133, 135,156, 157, 163, 173, 217, 403, 405–410,417, 418, 426, 427, 435

Agallia brachyptera (Boheman, 1847),403, 407, 433

Amrasca biguttula (Ishida, 1912), 406, 433Amrasca devastans (Distant, 1908) =

Amrasca biguttula (Ishida, 1912), 105,133

Anaceratagallia venosa (Fourcroy, 1785),407, 433

Anoscopus flavostriatus (Donovan, 1799),407, 433

Aphrodes, 22, 115, 407Aphrodes bicinctus (Schrank, 1776),

407, 433Aphrodes makarovi Zachvatkin 1948, 113,

115, 163.Athysanus argentarius Metcalf 1955, 407,

433Cicadella viridis (Linnaeus, 1758), 403,

407, 434Circulifer tenellus (Baker, 1896), 410, 433Doratura, 411Doratura homophyla (Flor, 1861),

407, 433Doratura stylata (Boheman, 1847), 49, 57,

407, 409, 433Elymana sulphurella (Zetterstedt, 1828),

407, 434Euacanthus, 407Eupelix cuspidata (Fabricius, 1775),

407, 433Eupteryx, 130Eupteryx atropunctata (Goeze, 1778),

407, 433Eupteryx melissae Curtis 1837, 406, 433Euscelidius variegatus, 180, 203Euscelis incisus (Kirschbaum, 1858), 40,

41, 407, 410, 433Euscelis lineolatus Brullé 1832, 180, 203

Systematic Family and Species Index 457

Membracoidea (cont.)Euscelis ononidis Remane 1967, 410, 433Evacanthus interruptus (Linnaeus, 1758),

403, 407, 433Graminella nigrifrons (Forbes, 1885), 107,

139Graphocephala atropunctata (Signoret,

1854), 163Graphocraerus ventralis (Fallén, 1806),

407, 433Homalodisca liturata Ball 1901, 163Idiocerus, 407Idiocerus lituratus (Fallén, 1806), 403,

407, 434Idiocerus stigmaticalis Lewis, 1834, 407,

434Kybos rufescens Melichar, 1896, 407, 433Kybos smaragdula (Fallén, 1806), 407, 433Kybos sordidulus (Ossiannilsson, 1941),

407, 433Kybos strigilifer (Ossiannilsson, 1941),

407, 433Kybos virgator (Ribaut, 1933), 407, 433Ledra, 407Ledra aurita (Linnaeus, 1758), 407, 434Macropsis fuscinervis (Boheman, 1845),

407, 434Macropsis cerea (Germar, 1837), 407, 434Macrosteles cristatus (Ribaut, 1927), 407,

434Macustus grisescens (Zetterstedt, 1828),

407, 434Megophthalmus scanicus (Fallén, 1806),

407, 434Metidiocerus elegans (Flor, 1861), 407,

434Oncopsis alni (Schrank, 1801), 407, 434Oncopsis flavicollis (Linnaeus, 1761), 407,

434Oncopsis tristis (Zetterstedt, 1840), 407,

434Ophiola decumana (Kontkanen, 1949),

407, 434Opsius stactogalus Fieber 1866, 407, 434Pediopsis tiliae (Germar, 1831), 407, 434Planaphrodes bifasciatus (Linnaeus,

1758), 407, 433Planaphrodes trifasciatus (Fourcroy,

1785), 407, 433Populicerus albicans (Kirschbaum, 1868),

407, 434

Psammotettix cephalotes (Herrich-Schäffer, 1834), 407, 434

Ribautiana ulmi (Linnaeus, 1758), 408,435

Scaphoideus titanus Ball 1932, 24, 76, 109,110, 125, 129–132, 135–139, 141, 163,410

Speudotettix subfusculus (Fallén, 1806),407, 434

Streptanus aemulans (Kirschbaum, 1868),407, 434

Streptanus marginatus (Kirschbaum,1858), 407, 434

Thamnotettix confinis Zetterstedt 1828,407, 435

Typhlocyba, 405, 435Verdanus abdominalis (Fabricius, 1803),

407, 433Melizoderidae, 428Membracidae, 108, 130, 134, 135, 141,

148, 149, 157, 164, 182, 226, 227, 252,254, 262–264, 288, 294, 407, 427, 428

Centrotus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758), 407,433

Enchenopa binotata (Say, 1824), 98, 99,148, 164, 180, 221, 223, 262

Enchenopa binotata ‘Celastrus’, 164Enchenopa binotata ‘Cercis’, 164, 223Enchenopa binotata ‘Ptelea’, 103, 111,

164, 223Enchenopa binotata ‘Viburnum

rufidulum’, 164Ennya chrysura (Fairmaire, 1846), 110Stictocephala bisonia Kopp & Yonke

1977, 288, 289Tylopelta gibbera (Stål, 1869), 107, 109,

131, 252, 261Umbonia crassicornis (Amyot & Serville,

1843), 133, 134, 264Vanduzea arquata (Say, 1830), 111, 151Ulopidae, 406, 428

Fulgoromorpha, 18, 40, 41, 48, 49, 53–61, 113,115, 125, 133, 201, 227, 395, 405,419–421, 425

Acanaloniidae, 425Achilidae, 425Achilixidae, 425Caliscelidae, 410, 425Cixiidae, 139, 163, 406, 425Hyalesthes obsoletus Signoret, 1865, 130,

137, 139, 163

458 Systematic Family and Species Index

Delphacidae, 40, 59, 108, 403, 405, 406,408–410, 418, 425

Calligypona, 57, 59, 60Criomorphus albomarginatus Curtis, 1833,

98Dicranotropis hamata (Boheman, 1847),

403, 433Euides speciosa (Boheman, 1845), 40Liburnia, 60Nilaparvata lugens (Stål, 1845), 105, 110,

130, 410, 434Paraliburnia adela (Flor, 1861), 60Perkinsiella saccharicida Kirkaldy 1903,

405, 434Prokelisia, 115Ribautodelphax, 102Struebingianella, 60Struebingianella lugubrina (Boheman,

1847), 49, 53, 56, 57, 60Derbidae, 405, 425Dictyopharidae, 425Dictyophara europaea (Linnaeus, 1767),

40Eurybrachidae, 425Flatidae, 108, 164, 425Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830), 164Fulgoridae, 40, 425Gengidae, 425Hypochthonellidae, 425Issidae, 425Kinnaridae, 425Lophopidae, 425Meenoplidae, 425Nogodinidae, 425Ricaniidae, 425Tettigometridae, 425Tropiduchidae, 426Myerslopiidae, 428

Heteropteroidea, 395, 419, 420Coleorrhyncha, 19, 395, 412, 415, 417,

419–421, 428Peloridiidae, 417, 428Hackeriella veitchi (Hacker, 1932), 417,

434Peloridium hammoniorum Breddin, 1897,

418, 434Xenophyes cascus Bergroth 1924, 418, 435

Heteroptera, 31, 38–41, 43, 171–173, 175,177, 179, 183, 186, 187, 191, 288, 304,395, 412, 414, 415, 417– 421, 423, 428

Cimicomorpha, 428Anthocoridae, 428Cimicidae, 428Joppeicidae, 428

Lasiochilidae, 428Lyctocoridae, 428Medocostidae, 428Microphysidae, 428Miridae, 428, 429Nabidae, 412, 429Pachynomidae, 429Plokiophilidae, 429Polyctenidae, 429Thaumastocoridae, 429Tingidae, 429Reduviidae, 100, 429Phymata crassipes (Fabricius, 1775), 43,

44, 105Reduvius personatus (Linnaeus, 1758),

412, 434Stenolemus bituberus Stål 1874, 100Velocipedidae, 429

Dipsocoromorpha, 429Ceratocombidae, 429Dipsocoridae, 429Hypsipterygidae, 429Schizopteridae, 429Stemmocryptidae, 429

Enicocephalomorpha, 429Enicocephalidae, 429Aenictopecheidae, 429

Gerromorpha, 429Gerridae, 280, 293, 295, 304, 429Aquarius paludum (Fabricius, 1794), 293Hebridae, 429Hermatobatidae, 430Hydrometridae, 430Macroveliidae, 430Mesoveliidae, 430Paraphrynoveliidae, 430Veliidae, 430

Leptopodomorpha, 430Aepophilidae, 430Leptopodidae, 430Omaniidae, 430Saldidae, 430

Nepomorpha, 19, 430Aphelocheiridae, 430Belostomatidae, 430Corixidae, 423, 430Cenocorixa Hungerford, 1948, 433Cenocorixa blaisdelli (Hungerford, 1930),

423, 433Cenocorixa expleta (Uhler, 1895), 423, 433Corisella tarsalis (Fieber, 1851), 423, 433Gelastocoridae, 430Helotrephidae, 430Naucoridae, 430

Systematic Family and Species Index 459

Nepomorpha (cont.)Nepidae, 430Notonectidae, 293, 304, 430Notonecta glauca Latreille, 1802, 293Ochteridae, 430Pleidae, 431Potamocoridae, 431

Pentatomorpha, 423, 431Acanthosomatidae, 39, 173, 413, 431Elasmucha grisea (Linnaeus, 1758), 413,

433Alydidae, 173, 175, 431Aradidae, 175, 431Berytidae, 431Colobathristidae, 175, 431Canopidae, 431Coreidae, 175, 431Enoplops scapha (Fabricius, 1794), 175Corimelaenidae, 431Cydnidae, 7, 14, 38, 39, 173, 175, 179, 183,

200, 202, 209, 217, 414, 415, 417, 431,432

Adomerus biguttatus (Linnaeus, 1758),414, 434

Canthophorus dubius (Scopoli, 1763), 414,433

Canthophorus melanopterus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1835), 414, 433

Scaptocoris castanea Perty 1830, 175, 179Scaptocoris carvalhoi Becker 1967, 175,

179, 217Tritomegas bicolor (Linnaeus, 1758), 40,

414, 435Dinidoridae, 431Hyocephalidae, 431Idiostolidae, 431Largidae, 175, 431Lestoniidae, 431Lygaeidae, 431, 432Malcidae, 432Megarididae, 432Parastrachiidae, 175, 432Pentatomidae, 8, 19, 39, 108, 112, 113,

156, 164, 171–175, 176, 178, 182, 183,186, 189, 326, 377, 412–414, 432

Acrosternum hilare (Say, 1832) =Acrosternum hilaris (Say, 1832), 103,105, 135, 164

Acrosternum impicticorne (Stål, 1872), 164Aelia acuminata (Linnaeus, 1758),

413, 433Arma custos (Fabricius, 1794), 413, 433Carpocoris pudicus (Poda, 1761), 413, 433Chlorochroa ligata (Say, 1832), 174, 175

Chlorochroa uhleri (Stål, 1872), 175Chlorochroa sayi Stål 1872, 175Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus, 1758),

413, 433Eurydema oleraceum (Linnaeus, 1758),

413, 433Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1798), 112,

164, 174, 175Eysarcoris Hahn, 1834, 414, 433Eysarcoris venustissimus (Schrank, 1776),

412, 434Holcostethus abbreviatus Uhler 1872, 174Murgantia histrionica (Hahn, 1834), 174,

180Nezara viridula (Linnaeus, 1758), 102,

103, 105, 106, 129–131, 133, 141, 165,173–175, 178, 180, 181, 183–190, 222,286, 288, 289, 414, 415, 417, 434

Oebalus pugnax (Fabricius, 1775),414, 434

Palomena prasina (Linnaeus, 1761),413, 434

Palomena viridissima (Poda, 1761),413, 434

Pentatoma rufipes (Linnaeus, 1758),413, 434

Picromerus bidens (Linnaeus, 1758),413, 434

Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood, 1837),112, 165

Piezodorus lituratus (Fabricius, 1794), 175Podisus maculiventris (Say, 1832), 176,

177, 180, 189Sciocoris cursitans (Fabricius, 1794),

412, 434Thyanta custator accerra McAtee 1919, 165Thyanta pallidovirens (Stål, 1859), 165Thyanta perditor (Fabricius, 1794), 165Phloeidae, 432Piesmatidae, 175, 432Plataspididae, 432Pyrrhocoridae, 432Pyrrhocoris apterus (Linnaeus, 1758), 183,

322, 323Rhopalidae, 432Saileriolidae, 432Scutelleridae, 173, 175, 432Stenocephalidae, 432Termitaphididae, 432Tessaratomidae, 175, 432Thaumastellidae, 175, 432Urostylididae, 432

Coleoptera, 163, 286, 304Anobiidae

460 Systematic Family and Species Index

Xestobium rufovillosum (De Geer, 1774),24

Cerambycidae, 19ChrysomelidaeLeptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824),

134Gyrinidae, 9, 303–316Gyrinus substriatus Stephens 1829, 306Scarabaeidae, 163Aphodius, 19Aphodius (Agrilinus) ater (De Geer, 1774),

163Tenebrionidae, 295, 322, 327Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus 1758, 322

MegalopteraSialidae, 17

Neuroptera, 18, 21, 115, 166, 223, 286, 288,296

Chrysopidae, 166Chrysopa, 42Chrysoperla, 161, 286, 296Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836), 223,

288–290, 293Chrysoperla nipponensis (Okamoto, 1914)

type A, 166Chrysoperla nipponensis (Okamoto, 1914)

type B, 166Myrmeleontidae, 9, 115, 220, 295,

319–330Euroleon nostras (Geoffroy in Fourcroy,

1785), 320, 321, 323Myrmeleon, 319Myrmeleon crudelis Walker 1853, 327

HymenopteraApidae, 9, 10, 18, 349–369, 350, 358, 367Apis mellifera Linnaeus 1758, 9, 199, 211,

222, 223, 263, 288, 289, 290, 333, 336,337, 349, 350, 352, 353, 356, 357,360–369

Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758),358, 367

Melipona, 353, 356, 357, 363, 368Melipona bicolor Lepeletier 1836, 353,

355, 357, 359, 362Melipona costaricensis Cockerell 1919,

353, 355, 359Melipona fasciata Latreille 1811, 353Melipona fasciculata Smith 1854, 359Melipona flavolineata Friese 1900, 359Melipona fuliginosa Lepeletier 1836, 359Melipona mandacaia Smith 1863, 353,

355, 357, 359Melipona marginata Lepeletier 1836, 359Melipona melanoventer Schwarz 1932, 359

Melipona panamica Cockerell 1919, 351,353, 357, 359, 365

Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier 1836,351, 353, 359, 367

Melipona rufiventris Lepeletier 1836, 352,355, 359

Melipona scutellaris Latreille 1811, 359,361, 362–365

Melipona seminigra Friese 1903, 351, 353,355, 356, 358, 359–363, 366, 367

Nannotrigona, 368Nannotrigona testaceicornis (Lepeletier,

1836), 355, 357, 359Oxytrigona, 367Scaptotrigona aff. depilis (Moure, 1942),

357, 359Scaptotrigona postica (Latreille, 1807),

359Schwarziana bipunctata (Lepeletier, 1836),

359Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille, 1811),

359Trigona, 359, 367Braconidae et Ichneumonidae (‘‘parasitoid

wasps’’), 77, 96, 98, 133, 134, 221, 236,280, 288, 296, 326

BraconidaeCotesia marginiventris (Cresson, 1865),

236ColletidaeColletes cunicularius (Linnaeus, 1761),

358EulophidaeSympiesis sericeicornis (Spinola, 1808),

77, 134Ichneumonidae, 296Formicidae, 17, 19, 23, 206, 288, 322Atta, 200, 206Camponotus ligniperda (Latreille, 1802),

289Formica, 322Orussidae, 296Orussus abietinus (Scopoli, 1763), 289Scelionidae, 112Telenomus podisi Ashmead 1893, 112Vespidae, 19Asteloeca ujhelyii (Ducke, 1909), 223

Lepidoptera, 19, 288, 396, 398Arctiidae, 19DrepanidaeDrepana, 19GeometridaeSemiothisa aemulataria Walker 1861, 96,

98, 134

Systematic Family and Species Index 461

GracillariidaeCaloptilia serotinella (Ely, 1910), 19Phyllonorycter malella (Gerasimov, 1931),

134Nolidae, 398Sphingidae, 42Manduca sexta (Linnaeus, 1763), 283, 288

Diptera, 42, 84, 278, 283, 286, 293, 294CalliphoridaePhormia regina (Meigen, 1826), 278Chloropidae, 108Culicidae, 150Cypselosomatidae, 108DrosophilidaeDrosophila, 280–282, 284, 285, 295, 306Drosophila melanogaster Meigen 1830,

286Tachinidae, 42Homotrixa alleni Barraclough 1996, 278Ormia ochracea (Bigot, 1889), 42Therobia leonidei (Mesnil 1965), 42

Vertebrata, 5, 7, 13, 15, 18, 23, 32, 43, 69, 79,96, 189, 220, 250

Osteichthyes, 5, 69, 79, 304Ostariophysi, 79Amphibia, 5, 48, 79, 105, 304Anura, 69, 79, 189, 223

LeptodactylidaeLeptodactylus albilabris (Günther, 1859),

68, 81, 83, 111HylidaeAgalychnis callidryas (Cope, 1862), 5, 18,

70, 71, 96‘‘Reptilia’’, 5Squamata, 206Serpentes, 5, 79, 80, 96, 97Iguania

Chamaeleonidae, 5Aves, 5, 59, 65, 69, 76, 79, 105, 162, 189, 265Passeriformes

CorvidaeCyanocitta cristata (Linnaeus, 1758), 70

Mammalia, 5, 17, 69, 74, 79Rodentia, 5

SpalacidaeSpalax ehrenbergi (Nehring, 1898), 17

ProboscideaElephantidae, 5, 18, 68, 69, 75, 85, 220Loxodonta africana Blumenbach 1797, 68,

77, 79, 82Elephas maximus Linnaeus 1758, 68, 83

Primates, 80Plantae

AlismatalesAraceaePhilodendron, 76

ApialesAraliaceaeHedera helix Linnaeus, 129

CaryophyllalesPlumbaginaceaePlumbago, 176, 180, 189

FabalesCercidaeCercis canadensis Linnaeus, 180FabaceaeGlycine max (Linnaeus) Merril, 179

MalvalesHibisceaeHibiscus, 378

MyrtalesMyrtaceaeLeptospermum scoparium J.R.Forster &

G.Forster, 378Poales

Bromeliaceae, 97, 130Aechmea bractea = Aechmea bracteata

(Swartz) Grisebach, 97Aechmea magdalenae (André) André ex

Baker, 130CyperaceaeCyperus, 130, 141, 181, 182JuncaceaeJuncus effusus Linnaeus, 178PoaceaeGlyceria maxima (Hartmann) Holmberg,

49, 56Rosales

UrticaceaeUrtica dioica Linnaeus, 130, 139, 140

SantalalesSantalaceaeThesium bavarum Schrank, 178

SapindalesRutaceaePtelea trifoliata Linnaeus, 99

SolanalesConvolvulaceae, 139

VitalesVitaceaeVitis, 130, 131, 136, 139

ZingiberalesHeliconiaceaeHeliconia, 379MusaceaeMusa sapientum Linnaeus, 97, 180

462 Systematic Family and Species Index

ISBN 978-3-662-43606-6

1

Animal Signals and Communication Series Editors: Vincent M. Janik · Peter McGregor

Animal Signals and Communication 3

Reginald B. CocroftMatija GogalaPeggy S.M. HillAndreas Wessel Editors

Studying Vibrational Communication

Studying Vibrational Comm

unicationCocroft · Gogala · Hill · W

essel   Eds.

3

Reginald B. Cocroft · Matija Gogala · Peggy S.M. Hill · Andreas Wessel Editors

Studying Vibrational Communication

This volume explains the key ideas, questions and methods involved in studying the hidden world of vibrational communication in animals. The authors dispel the notion that this form of communication is difficult to study, and show how vibrational signaling is a key to social interactions in species that live in contact with a substrate, whether it be a grassy lawn, a rippling stream, or a tropical forest canopy. This ancient and widespread form of social exchange is also remarkably understudied. A frontier in animal behavior, it offers unparalleled opportunities for discovery and for addressing general questions in communication and social evolution. In addition to reviews of advances made in the study of several animal taxa, this volume also explores topics such as vibrational communication networks, the interaction of acoustic and vibrational communication, the history of the field, the evolution of signal production and reception, and establishing a common vocabulary.

Life Sciences

9 783662 436066