Psychology for sports performance.

Cohesion:Factors affecting cohesion

Relationship between cohesion and performance.

Aim & Objectives.

Aim: By the end of this session student will

Describe the factors that affect team cohesion and identify the relationship between cohesion and performance.

Objectives: By the end of this session students will Identify the factors that affect team performance. Describe how they affect team performance. Explain the link between cohesion and performance.

Session re-cap

How do we define cohesion? What is task cohesion? What is social cohesion?

What role does the coach play when creating an affective team climate.

What is a sociogram? (Can you draw one?)

Task

In pairs write down all the different situations that can affect team cohesion.

Have you ever been affected by any of the factors that you have wrote down?

How did they affect your performance?

Factors affecting cohesion.

Carron’s conceptual model of cohesion has been put forward to explain the factors effecting cohesion.

It has suggested that there are four main factors.

Environment: PersonalLeadership: Team

Environment

Groups that are closer to each other (in terms of location) tend to be more cohesive. This is because members can communicate with

each other.The size of the group is also important.

How do you act in smaller groups? How does this affect your performance?

Environment

In smaller groups, you will have the opportunity to speak to other people more.

The same applies in sports teams. The smaller the teams, the greater the opportunity to interact with others and to form relationship.

Personal

The characteristics of the individual are important factor in group cohesion.

If the individual is motivated to achieve the group’s aims and objectives, from similar social backgrounds, have similar attitudes and have similar levels of commitment. The group is more likely to be to be cohesive.

Leadership and team.

The main factor that can affect group cohesion is the leadership style that the leader adopts.

The three main leadership styles are Autocratic – ‘do this’, ‘do it like this’. Democratic – ‘How do you think we can do this’. Laissez-faire – ‘here the problem/ you solve it’.

Team

If the team can stay together for long periods, this allows relationship to develop between group members. This allows relationship to develop between group

members. Another consideration is what the group has been

through together. Greater in groups who have experienced a range of

successes and failures together over a period of time.

Relationship between cohesion and performance.

The greater level of cohesion, the higher the level of performance. However, some research has shown that cohesion

has little or no effects on performance.

Interaction / Coactive.

Interactive sports – Such as football, basketball,

and volleyball. These require a greater deal

of direct interaction and coordination between players.

Coactive sports – Such as bowling, archery,

and golf. These require little, if any,

direct interaction or coordination.

• Therefore: -Cohesion has a greater influence on performance in interactive sports than it does on coactive sports.

Aim & Objectives.

Aim: By the end of this session student will

Describe the factors that affect team cohesion and identify the relationship between cohesion and performance.

Objectives: By the end of this session students will Identify the factors that affect team performance. Describe how they affect team performance. Explain the link between cohesion and performance.