COLD Location Temperatures Precipitations Vegetation.

POLAR

The polar climate is located in latitudes between 65º and 75º north the equator. It is located on North of Canada, Northern Europe, Northern Russia and in the Antarctica.

This type of climate characterizes for having short and cool summers, with very long days and average temperatures that don’t pass 10ºC. Instead winters are very long and very cold, there are very few hours of day and average temperatures of -20ºC. Some days of summer have 24h of light and of winter 24h of night.The temperature range is quite big of 50ºC

Precipitations are very scarce of 200-300mm a year and when they fall they do it in form of snow.This occurs because the air is too cold for holding any moisture.

These regions are covered with perpetual ice. So very few plants can survive. We called this landscape Tundra in which the soil is always frozen. Tundra landscapes characterises for having no trees, very small shrubs, bushes and heather. However the most abundant thing is grass that in spring flourishes. We find that under south tundra landscapes we can always find dense coniferous forests.

Alpine Alpine climates are located all around the world at high altitudes. Such as for example in the Himalayas, the alps, the

The Alpine climates have very cold temperatures all around the year due to the high altitudes. These temperatures vary a lot as you go up. For every 1000m temperatures descend 6.5ºC.So we can say that

Precipitations also depend of altitude because as rising the air is colder and so it cannot trap a lot of moisture. Normally these precipitations are of 3000mm a year and occur in form of snow.

Alpine vegetation also varies with altitude. We find with 5 layers: 1 layer has coniferous trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants. The second layer has: more shrubs and less trees. The 3 has: Scarce trees, less shrubs and more herbaceous plants.

Rockies and the Andes.

temperatures normally go between 10 and -20ºC.So the temperature range is of 30ºC and there is only one season: Winter.

The 4 has: No trees, scarce bushes, herbaceous plants and grass. 5 one: Only moss and liken.

Cold deserts

Cold deserts are found far from the Equator in mild latitude. The best example is the Gobi desert.

Temperatures are never above 10ºC and are as cold as in ice caps -30ºC. So there is only 1 season: Winter in our point of view. However from theirs there are 2.

Very little precipitations between 150mm and 260mm.

Scarcely any vegetation. These plants normally have spiny leaves. Some examples of plants found in cold deserts include grasses and cacti.