THE OBJECTIVES OF TEACHING HOME ECONOMICS

FOR GRADE IV

1. Does responsibilities to oneself satisfactorily.2. Consider the needs of the family toward a satisfying family life.3. Explain the value of having knowledge of agricultural work/gardening.4. Acquire basic knowledge and skill on the use of equipment and tools for handicraft projects.5. Does simple food preservation for the family6. Sew simple personal garments.7. Acquire basic skills in retail merchandising.

GRADE V

1. Acquire further knowledge, skills and attitudes in meeting personal and family needs.2. Acquire additional knowledge, skills and attitudes toward work that will help improve family and community life.

2.1 Realize the value and dignity of work2.2 Gain concept of work ethics2.3 Value agricultural work2.4 Develop knowledge and skills on industrial work.2.5 Preserve varied foods2.6 Sew an article for household use2.7 Acquire knowledge, skills and attitudes toward managing a retail store.

GRADE VI

1. Develop interest in different work for earning a living like gardening, livestock raising, industrial work, food preparation and serving, food preservation, sewing and retail merchandising.2. Acquire knowledge and skills in effective and efficient management of the home.3. Develop and practice work ethics.

STRATEGIES OF TEACHING HOME ECONOMICS AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION

The modern concept of teaching is to facilitate learning. Along this, it is believed that there is no successful teaching done by the teacher if there is no evident learning in the learners. Experiences of successful teachers show that teaching carried out in most effective and efficient way is accomplished through certain methods and techniques. METHOD – Is the procedure by which a goal is reached, a purpose is accomplished, or a result is

achieved.- It includes the various ways by which the teacher teaches her facial expressions, the

tone of her voice, and her manner of speaking and acting.

1. DISCUSSION- Is a method of teaching whereby a teacher and the learner together engage, in a cooperative examination and comparison of views in order to clarify issueds and contribute to the learners understanding.

- Are a variety of forums for open-minded, collaborative exchange of ideas among a teacher and students or among students for the purpose of furthering students thinking, learning, problem solving, understanding or literary appreciation.

2. PANEL FORUM – A panel is composed of a small group of experts or well-informed persons who engaged in a direct conversational and interactional discussion of a problem/issue. Interchange of ideas is loud enough for the members of the audience to hear. A leader serves as a moderator of the different points of view presented by the members of the panel.- It is a specific format used in a meeting, conference or convention. It is a live or virtual discussion about a specific topic amongst a selected group of panelists who share differing perspective in front of a large audience.

3. SYMPOSIUM FORUM- Like the panel forum, the symposium forum provided the class/audience with their pertinent information about a particular topic/problem. Persons with special competence in the topic/ problem are invited to give a lecture/speech which is followed afterwards by an open forum or a question-and-answer session with the audience.

4. DEBATE – Is used as a discussion method when there are two sides of an issue- the pro and the con or against.- It allows participants to analyze the similarities and differences between differing viewpoints, so that the audience can understand where opinions diverge and why. It is an excellent way to model the analytical and communicative processes that students are learning whenever they examine course material through oral or written work. We hope that in-class debates will challenge students to think critically about course material and will provide a forum for them to develop to the arts of expression that allow them to communicate their ideas.

5. ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE – This is a small discussion group seated face to face around a table without an audience.- It is actually a small conference which has an atmosphere of an informal semi-social gathering.- In Home Economics and Practical Arts, the round table conference is useful in planning an activity where group planning and action are needed. Examples of these are planning a group presentation in a school program, planning a group project, etc.

6. INFORMAL GROUP DISCUSSION – This is a form of guided conversation wherein one member is designated the leader on a rotation basis. Conversation is limited to not more than twenty persons. All members are expected to take part.

7. FACT FINDING DISCUSSION – This is a research discussion of facts, studies, report or document under the leadership of an author survey director or official. Any member may give impersonal judgements on facts presented.

8. LECTURE-FORUM – In this strategy, the participants state opinions, ask questions, or contribute additional information following a formal lecture by an authority in the subject under discussion.

9. MOVIE FORUM – Here the class discusses the content or implications of the subject presented in one or more carefully selected films. Questions about the films/films are formulated and presented to the members of the class for them to analyze in accordance with their observations, readings and experiences.- The movie forum comes in handy as a teaching method when the lesson centers around an individual/family community value system which is the plot of a film or movie.

10. LABORATORY METHOD – Referred to as “learning by doing“ this teaching method utilizes experimentation to discover/verify facts and to investigate scientific relationships.

Steps in the Laboratory Method

1. Introductory step for orientation and motivation.- In this step, the work to be done is determined. If this had been decided beforehand by the teacher,such is presented to the class for clarification of the nature and purpose of the work.

2. Work Period- In this step, the students may either work on the same problem or on different problems under the supervision of the teacher. Experience in scientific procedure is gained by the students as they handle raw materials and manipulate varied tools and equipment.

3. Culminating activity – When the work is about to be completed, the class may be assembled as a whole to organize/summarize their individual findings and decide how they will present the result of their work.

11. LECTURE METHOD – Referred to at times as “teaching by telling” this method actually involves more than just telling. - Bossing defines it as a teaching procedures of clarifying or explaining a major idea cast in the form of a question or a problem.

3 TYPES OF LECTURE METHOD

1. Pure Lecture – This type of lecture is dominated by the teacher. It is carried out as a one-way process of offering subject matter, ideas and concepts in an orderly fashion.

2. Lecture-discussion – This type of lecture id interspersed with discussion between the class and the teacher.

3. Illustrated lecture – This type is accompanied by some forms of visual materials such as slides, films, transparencies, etc.

According to Walton, the following steps constitute a good lecture method: 1. Introduction – This step makes use of a story, and anecdote or any attention getting device. As

such, this step serves as motivation for arousing the interest of the class.2. Presentation of the body/text. – Considered the heart of the lecture process, this step starts with the

presentation of the most important points and then proceeds to the less important ones.

3. Conclusion/Closure – Carried out towards the end of the lecture, this step provides for a summary/concluding statement of the important points taken. A check-up in the form of questions or application activities may be employed to determine how well the lecture was understood.

12. PROBLEM-SOLVING – According to Webster, a problem is a question, matter, situation, or person that is perplexing or difficult. - It refers to the process of removing the difficulty or perplexity through a rational procedure involving analytical and reflective thinking.- This method is based on the concept that life is full of problems and that people can think, solve problems and develop meaningful generalizations which are useful in solving other problems

13. PROJECT METHOD – According to Bossing, a project is a significant, practical unit of activity of a problematic nature, planned and carried to completion by the student in a natural manner and involving the use of physical materials to complete the unit of experience.- It is geared towards and attainable goal which is hoped to be carried out through purposeful activities that are cooperatively planned and executed by the teacher and the learners.

14. ROLE PLAYING – It focuses on a situation for group discussion.- It involves the spontaneous acting out of a situation by two or more members of a group.

15. FIED TRIP – It define as a trip away from the classroom to permit the gathering of firsthand data.- This method maximizes the use of community resources both human and material for it brings about the conversion of the field trip venue into an instant”laboratory”.

16. BRAINSTORMING – Is the name given to a situation when a group of people meet to generate new ideas around a specific area of interest.

Types of Projects according to Noar

1. Individual experience – This includes problems on personal appearance, personality development, time or money management, clothing construction, establishing better habits of health and experiences in human relations.2. Family experience – Cooperative effort of the family is the focus of this type of project. Examples of this is the planning and preparation of meals, consumer buying for the home, redecorating problems and studies in family relations.3. School and community experiences- This type of project provides opportunities for students to gain insight into the problems of the community and how they affect the home. Types of Projects according to Kilpatrick:

1. Construction project – This type of project is for the motive of doing or making something. 2. Enjoyment project – Participation in varied