combat operations with firearms volume 2 chapter 1 tactics 2012 01 20

8/3/2019 Combat Operations With Firearms Volume 2 Chapter 1 Tactics 2012 01 20

1/57

Wkc}hm ?% Kvmratjke%

Blavtmr 1% Tabtjb%

YA_EJEI0

Tlj hmdja j ekt brmatmd yjtl tlm jetmet tk dmbrjom tlm cmiacjtz kg ylatj m|vrmmd je jt% Tlm bketmet lk}cd ekt om bkejdmrmd a a cmiac

adwjbm% Tlm rmadmr j rmvkejocm gkr me}rjei aez abtjke tanme jermcatjke tk tlj dkb}hmet) bketmet j cmiac je tlm rmadmr) `}rjdjbtjke%

Tlm dkb}hmet j yrjttme gkr rmmarbl v}rvkm%

Tmrh dmgjemd

(Kvmratkr0Kvmratkr rmgmr tk a vmrke ylk j meiaimd je a bkhoat kvmratjke%

Kvmratkr) abtjke j tlm }o`mbt kg tlj tm|t% Tlm tmrh ya blkmevartcz omba}m kg cabn kg omttmr ykrd tk dmbrjom tlm }o`mbt vmrke

kg tlj tm|t% Rlkktmr kecz hmae a vmrke ylk j meiaimd je a lkktjei

abtjwjtz% Ack# tlm vmrke lad tk om djtjei}jlmd grkh hjcjtarzdmgjejtjke kg bkhoataet%


2/57

1% Tabtjb

Dmgjejtjke0 Rztmhatjb# ckijbac avvrkabl tk bketrkc vrkoaojcjtz%

Tlj mbtjke yjcc dmac yjtl ha|jhjpjei tlm vrkoaojcjtz kg kvmratkr agmtzoz bketrkccjei gabtkr tlat aggmbt bkhoat kvmratjke% Kvmratkr lk}cd

brmatm bkedjtjke# haejv}catm kr }tjcjpm tljei je mewjrkehmet# k tlatmwmet yjcc kbb}r je a haeemr tlat j gawkraocm yljcm dmezjei tlm kvvkemet

grkh abljmwjei tlm ahm%

Omgkrm bketabt# tabtjb yjcc om vrjharjcz jewkcwmd yjtl nmmvjei kvmratkrgrkh daeimr# aed jg a bketabt yjtl kvvkemet bk}cd ekt om awkjdmd# hanjei

tlm bketabt kbb}r je a haeemr tlat tlm kvmratkr lawm ha|jh}h adwaetaim%

Ha`kr tabtjbac gabtkr arm a gkccky0

Jegkrhatjke

Kvmratjke ko`mbtjwm + oabnirk}ed

Acc vartjm jewkcwmd kr vktmetjaccz jewkcwmd

Tanjei blarabtmrjtjb + mggjbjmebz

L}hae gabtkr

Jegkrhatjke vrkbmjei mggjbjmebzVrmbjjke aed vmmd kg abtjke

Bavaojcjtjm aed cjhjtatjke kg l}hae okdz

Mq}jvhmet gabtkrBlarabtmrjtjb kg mq}jvhmet

Cjhjtatjke + W}cemraojcjtjm

Ckbatjke kg acc vartjm

Mggmbtjwmem kg i}eemrz

]tjcjpatjke kg tmrraje + tr}bt}rm + ko`mbt gkr vrktmbtjke# kr ktlmr

adwaetaim%

Haem}wmrjei aed vkjtjkejei

Rjieat}rm bketrkc

Cmiacjtjm


3/57

Carim vart kg tabtjb yjcc jewkcwm imttjei tlmm ha`kr gabtkr tk om jekvmratkr gawkr yljcm dmezjei kvvkemet tk abljmwm tlm ahm%


4/57

1%1% Aeaczj kg ha`kr tabtjbac gabtkr%


5/57

1%1%1% Jegkrhatjke%

Oajb dmjrmd jegkrhatjke0

( Omgkrm kvmratjke0

Vktmetjac vrkocmh aed vktmetjac kc}tjke arm tlm vrjharz bkebmre%

Kvmratkr emmd tk bkejdmr ylk bae om vktmetjac kvvkemet# aed vktmetjachmtlkd tlm kvvkemet hjilt }m tk medaeimr tlmh% Rjt}atjke ayarmem#

aojcjtz tk m|ahjem }rrk}edjei aed rmbkiejpm tljei kg jiejgjbaebm tkmb}rjtz arm rmq}jrmd% Mq}jvhmet emmdmd tk dmac yjtl vktmetjac aed nekye

tlrmat emmd tk om jdmetjgjmd aed abq}jrmd% Ylat njed kg avvrkablm lk}cd

om tanme tk dmac yjtl cjnmcz tlrmat lk}cd om jdmetjgjmd aed t}djmd%

(D}rjei kvmratjke0

Mewjrkehmet0

(VKMP

(Rljmcdjei0 Tlj j ae ko`mbt tlat bae vrktmbt zk} grkh ae kvvkemet)

vlzjbac attabn kr ae ko`mbt tlat ckymr tlm vrkoaojcjtz kg omjeidmtmbtmd oz ae kvvkemet%

(Kotabcm

(Tmrraje aed tr}bt}rm

(Vkjocm vatl gkr avvrkabl tk a tarimt arma kr gkr mbavm%

(Lapard,vrmmebm kg gcahhaocm# m|vckjwm hatmrjac# gacc lapard#

mtb%*

(Artjgjbjac dmwjbm tlrmat,hktjke mekr abtjwatmd cjilt# mtb%*

Kvvkjtjke0

(Ckbatjke

(Abtjke

(E}homr

(Ymavke


6/57

(Mq}jvhmet,Rmekr# bkhh}ejbatjke dmwjbm# mtb%*

Acc tlm aokwm jegkrhatjke lk}cd om jetmiratmd tk brmatm a /oji vjbt}rm/

wjmy kg tlm mewjrkehmet yljbl a vart kg jt}atjke ayarmem%

Bkccmbtjke hmtlkd0

(Djrmbt0 bkccmbtjke tlrk}il l}hae okdz mekr# }bl a mzm aed mar% Ack

grkh hmblaejbac mekr dmwjbm tlat arm barrjmd oz kvmratkr%

(Jedjrmbt0 jegkrhatjke met tk kvmratkr tlrk}il bkhh}ejbatjke grkh rmhktm

k}rbm%

Jegkrhatjke Ckad Oacaebjei0

Ykrn ckad oacaebjei rmiardjei jegkrhatjke vrkbmjei jewkcwm vcaeejei tkrmd}bm tlm vrkoaojcjtz kg jegkrhatjke ahk}et kwmrylmchjei ae kvmratkr% Ae

kvmratkr kwmrylmchmd je tlat rmiard yk}cd lawm vrkocmh yjtl vrjkrjtjpjeijegkrhatjke# jegkrhatjke gjctmrjei# jegkrhatjke dmwjbm kvmratjke# aed

bkhh}ejbatjke tk jebrmam kvmratkr agmtz%

Tlmrm arm cjhjtatjke je tlm ahk}et kg jegkrhatjke tlat bae om bkccmbtmdgrkh mekr% Lkymwmr# mwme tlm cjhjtmd ahk}et kg jegkrhatjke grkh cjhjtmd

k}rbm bae m|bmmd tlm ahk}et tlat ae kvmratkr) hjed bae vrkvmrcz vrkbmje a ijwme tjhm grahm% Kvmratkr emmd tk ijwm bkejdmratjke tk ckad

oacaebjei aed brmmejei kg jegkrhatjke% Tlm vmmd kg abtjke la tk ombketrkccmd tk cjhjt tlm ratm emy jegkrhatjke j rmbmjwmd k tlat brjtjbac

jegkrhatjke tlat bahm je tlrk}il mekr yk}cd ekt ik }ermbkiejpmd% Gkrm|ahvcm# haem}wmrjei gatmr yk}cd jebrmam tlm ratm kg jegkrhatjke grkh emy

arma rmwmacjei je ae kvmratkr) vatl aed jebrmam tlm vrkoaojcjtz kg ektjhhmdjatmcz rmbkiejpjei a tlrmat yjtlje gjmcd kg wjmy%

Aektlmr vrkocmh j yjtl dmacjei yjtl jegkrhatjke bkhjei grkh h}ctjvcmk}rbm% Jg ae kvmratkr rmbkiejpmd h}ctjvcm tlrmat mhmrijei wj}accz# tlm

kvmratkr haz lawm cm mggjbjmebz rmbmjwjei jegkrhatjke ack bkhjei tlrk}ila}djk bkhh}ejbatmd oz aetlmr kvmratkr% Jg ae kvmratkr j dmacjei yjtl

wj}ac dmtmbtjke jegkrhatjke tlrk}il mzm aed hkrm dmtmbtjke jegkrhatjke

tlrk}il J_ kr tlmrhac jhaijei dmwjbm# tlme tlmrm arm ack vrkocmh yjtljetmiratjei kr rmbkebjcjei tlm jegkrhatjke# aed ack vrkocmh yjtl

yjtbljei jev}t k}rbm oabn aed gkrtl grkh mzm tk }bl hmblaejbac dmwjbm%Ylme a}djk bkhh}ejbatjke j jewkcwmd# tlmrm bae om vrkocmh yjtl kvmratjei


7/57

a radjk yljbl bae tanm }v hmetac vrkbmjei rmk}rbm% Vcae lk}cd omdmjiemd je a haeemr tlat }bl haejv}catjke kg bkhh}ejbatjke mq}jvhmet arm

nmvt tk a hjejh}h%

Eat}raccz# kvmratkr yk}cd ljgt attmetjke tk dmac yjtl ylat j hkrmbrjtjbac tk om ykrnmd ke a kke a vkjocm# }bl a vrkbmjei a bketabt

yjtl ae kvvkemet tlat j ae jhhmdjatm tlrmat% Ylme ae kvmratkr j ykrnjeike tlat tan# tlm kvmratkr) bavabjtz tk rmbkiejpm kr vrkbm aez

jegkrhatjke tlat la cm rmcmwaebm tk tlat tan yk}cd djhjejl% Tlathmae# ae kvmratkr lk}cd rmbkiejpm tlat tlmrm bae om jegkrhatjke tlm

kvmratkr gajcmd tk rmbkiejpm d}rjei tlat tan aed tlm kvmratkr haz lawm tkm|ahjem tlm jt}atjke tk mm jg aez jegkrhatjke j hjmd a kke a tlm

brjtjbac tan je laed j bkhvcmtm% Rjhvcm m|ahvcm kg tlat j ae kvmratkrbaeejei ae arma tk mm jg tlmrm arm ktlmr tlrmat agtmr laedcjei a bketabt

yjtl ae kvvkemet yjtl i}eemrz vrkbm# kr blmbnjei jg aektlmr kvmratkr ya

trzjei tk tmcc tlm kvmratkr khmtljei jg tlm kvmratkr lmard a lk}t% Tljack hmae kvmratkr lk}cd m|vmbt dmcaz je rmbmjvt kg bkhh}ejbatjke oz

ktlmr kvmratkr aed vcae abbkrdjeicz# }bl a ekt hanjei vrkbmd}rm tlatykrn }edmr tlm a}hvtjke tlat ek bkhh}ejbatjke j mwmr hjmd%

Tlmrm arm ack vrkocmh yjtl tlm o}rdme kg bkhh}ejbatjei jegkrhatjke aekvmratkr la tk aektlmr kvmratkr yljcm vrkbmjei jegkrhatjke aed rmbmjwjei

emy jegkrhatjke at tlm ahm tjhm% Actlk}il bkhh}ejbatjei yljcm vmrgkrhjeiktlmr tan haz om embmarz je bmrtaje bjrb}htaebm# jt lk}cd ekt kbb}r

oz dmjie ylme jt bae om awkjdmd% Tlmrm j a hjtanme omcjmg tlatbkhh}ejbatjke j a omemgjt% Bkhh}ejbatjke j ekt a omemgjt# tlm jegkrhatjke

rmbmjwmd tlrk}il bkhh}ejbatjke j a omemgjt }edmr tlm a}hvtjke tlat jt jrmcmwaet aed abb}ratm% Lkymwmr# bkhh}ejbatjke jtmcg j a o}rdme% Aez

o}rdme lk}cd ekt m|bmmd tlm ahk}et tlat j embmarz% Bkemq}metcz#bkhh}ejbatjke lk}cd om dkem je a haeemr tlat ha|jhjpm tlm embmarz

jegkrhatjke met kr rmbmjwmd yjtl hjejhac mggkrt% Ack# tan lk}cd omdmjiemd je a haeemr tlat hjejhjpm tlm emmd gkr bkhh}ejbatjke%

Kvmratkr lk}cd hjejhjpm rmcjaebm ke rmbmjwjei jegkrhatjke tlrk}il

bkhh}ejbatjke% Ae kvmratkr tanjei abtjke tk vrkbm ylat j hkt brjtjbactk kem) kye agmtz# }bl a attabnjei ae kvvkemet tlat j ae jhhmdjatm

tlrmat# yk}cd tanm vrjkrjtz kwmr bkhh}ejbatjei jegkrhatjke tk ktlmrkvmratkr% Omba}m kg tlmm cjhjtatjke# tlmrm lk}cd ekt om aez a}hvtjke

tlat aez jegkrhatjke yk}cd om bkhh}ejbatmd jhhmdjatmcz kr om bkhh}ejbatmd

at acc% Bkhh}ejbatjke mq}jvhmet bae gajc# aed bkhh}ejbatjke bae omhj}edmrtkkd% Ae kvmratkr haz ekt rmbkiejpm tlat jegkrhatjke ya met tk

tlm kvmratkr# aed jegkrhatjke met bae om jeabb}ratm%

Aektlmr avmbt kg ckad oacaebjei j gjctmrjei k}t }eembmarz jegkrhatjke%

]m kg lmarjei vrktmbtjke mq}jvhmet }bl a mar h}gg tlat gjctmr k}tm|bmjwm ekjm ekt kecz vrkwjdm lmarjei vrktmbtjke# o}t ack lmcv

kvmratkr rmbkiejpm a}djk jieac tlat j rmcmwaet% Ack# djbkhgkrt aedgatji}m arm jtmh tlat ba}m djtrabtjke# aed djtrabtjke vcabm kvmratkr


8/57

je daeimr% Tlkm lk}cd om nmvt tk a hjejh}h%

Bk}etmrjei kvvkemet) jegkrhatjke bkccmbtjke mggkrt0

Hmtlkd jewkcwm hjdjrmbtjke# hjjegkrhatjke# dmbkz# gacm acarh# mtb%

Bkhh}ejbatjke `ahhjei bae om jewkcwmd ack%

Kvmratkr lk}cd ack tanm ba}tjke aiajet rmhktm dmtmbtjke dmwjbm% Tlatjebc}dm mq}jvhmet }bl a }rwmjccaebm bahmra# hktjke dmtmbtkr# aed

ktlmr acarh ztmh% R}bl dmwjbm dk ekt embmarjcz lawm tk om kvmratmd ozkvvkjtjke% A}tkhatjb cjilt bkeembtmd tk hktjke dmtmbtkr arm jetaccmd je

haez lk}m je ]%R% Ae kvmratkr trjiimrjei abtjwatjke kg }bl dmwjbm bae

om m|vkmd% Jegkrhatjke aok}t tlmm lk}cd om bkccmbtmd a h}bl avkjocm%

1%1%1%1% Jegkrhatjke Rmb}rjtz%

Kvmratkr emmd tk tanm ba}tjke aiajet aez jegkrhatjke aok}t tlmh omjei

bkccmbtmd kr bkhh}ejbatjke omjei jetmrbmvtmd oz kvvkemet% Jegkrhatjkermcatmd kvmratkr) agmtz lk}cd om i}ardmd grkh aez vmrke ylk dkm ekt

lawm a cmijtjhatm emmd tk neky%

Vrkbmjei+traehjjke kg jegkrhatjke tlrk}il mcmbtrkejb mq}jvhmet hazlawm w}cemraojcjtjm tlat emmd tk om i}ardmd aiajet% Eke(mebrzvtmd radjk

traehjjke bae om rmcatjwmcz majcz jetmrbmvtmd%


9/57

1%1%?% Tanjei mggjbjmebz

1%1%?%1% L}hae gabtkr%

Kvmratkr bavaojcjtjm rmq}jrmd0

(Jegkrhatjke bkccmbtjke + vrkbmjei%

(Ymavke njcc

(Tabtjbac nekycmdim

(Hmetac0 Kvmratkr h}t lawm tlm hmetac bavaojcjtz tk bkccmbtjegkrhatjke# m|ahjem tlm jt}atjke# dmtmrhjem omt bk}rm kg abtjke# aed

}m dmadcz gkrbm jg emmdmd% Kvmratkr emmd tk om aocm tk vmrgkrh tlkmabtjke yljcm med}rjei trm kg cjgm tlrmatmejei daeimr%

1%1%?%1%1% Hjed vrkbm aed cjhjtatjke%

A vmrke) mekr cjnm mzm# mar# mtb%# imt jieac jev}t grkh tlm

mewjrkehmet jt j jetmrabtjei yjtl% Jt tanm tjhm gkr tlm vmrke) hjed tkimt tlat jieac aed jetmrvrmt ylat jt hmae tk tlm vmrke% Jt ack tanm

tjhm gkr tlm vmrke tk tlme dmbjdm a bk}rm kg abtjke oamd ke tlat jev}t%Aed# jt tanm ae addjtjkeac tjhm gkr tlm vmrke tk vlzjbaccz hkwm lj kr

lmr okdz tk tanm vlzjbac abtjke }bl a hkwjei kr tacnjei# mtb%

Tlat j a wmrz jhvcjgjmd hkdmc kg lky jegkrhatjke tlat jejtjatm a tan imtvrkbmmd tlrk}il tlm hjed# aed tlm v}rvkm kg jt j tk jcc}tratm tlat jt

tjhm jt tanm gkr a vmrke tk tanm abtjke grkh tlm tjhm tlm vmrkevmrbmjwmd tlm jegkrhatjke tlat trjiimrmd tlm rmvkem%

Bmrtaje tljei je ae kvmratkr) mewjrkehmet tlat jetmrabt yjtl ae kvmratkr

tlat rm}ct je a rmabtjke yk}cd lawm trjiimrmd a mrjm kg hmetac vrkbm

mwmet0 Rmekrz jev}t kg tlm bmrtaje tljei je tlm mewjrkehmet# rmbkiejtjkeylat tlat bmrtaje tljei j# hanjei a rmvkem dmbjjke# barrzjei tlm

rmvkem dmbjjke je tk abtjke% Tlm bmrtaje tljei bae om ae metjtz# }bl aae kvvkemet# kr abtjke kr tatm kg ae metjtz# }bl a kvvkemet) abtjke%

Rjieac vrkbmjei yk}cd jewkcwm taim grkh mekrz jev}t tk rmbkiejtjke%Grkh tlat vkjet# jegkrhatjke vrkbmjei yk}cd bkemb}tjwmcz ik tlrk}il

taim kg rmbkiejtjke# rmvkem dmbjjke# abtjke je a bkemb}tjwm haeemr%Jegkrhatjke vrkbm kg ae jetaebm kg jegkrhatjke jev}t at kem vkjet kg


10/57

tjhm yk}cd gcky bkemb}tjwmcz%

Lkymwmr# mabl taim kg tlat jegkrhatjke vrkbmjei r}e bkeb}rrmetcz% Tlathmae yljcm kem jetaebm kg jegkrhatjke jev}t j omjei vrkbmmd at

rmvkem dmbjjke taim# em|t jetaebm kg jegkrhatjke jev}t j omjeirmbkiejpmd at tlm ahm tjhm% Rk# acc vrkbm taim arm bketje}k}cz

r}eejei% Rk# mwme jg ae jegkrhatjke tlat yarraet a bmrtaje abtjke j omjeijev}t at b}rrmet vkjet kg tjhm# tlm abtjke omjei barrjmd k}t at tlm hkhmet

yk}cd om trjiimrmd oz jegkrhatjke jev}t tlat bahm je at ae marcjmr vkjet kgtjhm# aed tlm b}rrmet abtjke haz ekt om ylat j yarraetmd oz jegkrhatjke

jev}t tlat j bkhjei je at b}rrmet vkjet kg tjhm%

Abbkrdjei tk tlm djairah aokwm# A rmvkem abtjke grkh B}t A yljbl yarmbkiejpmd at T1 dkm ekt kbb}r }etjc T2% Tlm kvmratkr yk}cd om hanjei a

rmvkem dmbjjke ke B}m O yljcm tanjei abtjke ke B}m A aed rmbkiejpjei B}m

B at tjhm }ejt T2%

Tlj hmae tlmrm j a dmcaz omtymme ae jegkrhatjke jev}t aed a vrkvmr

rmvkem abtjke% Jt ack hmae ylme ae kvmratkr j rmvkedjei tk ajegkrhatjke jev}t# tlm kvmratkr j ekt tartjei tlm vrkbm grkh a em}trac

tatm kg hjed aed abtjke# o}t grkh tlm tatm kg hjed aed abtjke yljbl yarmvkedjei tk a vrjkr jegkrhatjke jev}t yljbl haz tanm bmrtaje ahk}et kg

tjhm je krdmr tk bmam kr ad`}t%

Omjei ayarm kg tlj ajd kvmratkr) rmacjtjb amhmet kg rmvkem tjhmylme jetmrabtjei yjtl tlrmat% Jt ack ijwm nekycmdim tlat kem vartz)

dmcaz je rmvkem gkr hmetac vrkbm bae om }md tk aektlmr vartz)adwaetaim%

Tlj bkebmvt j bkhhkecz nekye a KKDA ckkv% KKDA taedjei gkr komrwatjke#

krjmetatjke# dmbjjke# aed abtjke# aed jetrkd}bmd oz @kle Okzd% Lkymwmr#tlmrm arm khm hj}edmrtaedjei kg tlm bkebmvt% Bketrarz tk tlm tjtcm# tlm

ylkcm vrkbm j ekt metjrmcz a ckkv# actlk}il tlmrm arm khm gmmd oabn jetlm vrkbm tlat gkrh a ckkv% Aed# jt) vrkoaocz ekt hmaet tk om

}edmrtkkd tlat yaz oz Okzd% Tlm vrkbm jewkcwm tanjei abtjke grkh aekomrwatjke kg tatm# khm kg yljbl j ekt a rm}ct kg ae kvmratkr)

abtjke% Rk# jt) ekt acc gmmd oabn ckkv% Ack# a vrkbm bae tart grkh aejegkrhatjke jev}t yjtlk}t tlm vrkbm tlat tartmd grkh ae marcjmr

jegkrhatjke jev}t omjei tmrhjeatmd# a m|vcajemd omgkrm% Tlmrm arm khmdmvjbtjke kg KKDA ckkv oz khm vmkvcm yljbl bkejt kg a djairah yjtl

komrwatjke# krjmetatjke# dmbjjke# abtjke taim aed a jeicm vatl arrky

bkeembtjei tlm gk}r# gkrhjei a ckkv% Tlj vrkoaocz rmgcmbt tlkm vmkvcm)hj}edmrtaedjei kg tlm bkebmvt% Tlm abt}ac KKDA djairah j h}bl hkrm


11/57

bkhvcm|# aed jt j ekt a jhvcm ckkv%

Tlmrm arm hmetac aed vlzjbac tan tlat emmd tk om vrkbmmd d}rjei tlmkvmratjke% Tlmm vrkbmm rmq}jrm bketrkc% Omba}m tlm bketrkc ztmh kg

l}hae okdz omjei ae aeacki ztmh tlat accky jetmrabtjke omtymmejegkrhatjke aed bketrkc jieac vrkbm acckbatmd gkr mabl tan# ktlmr

mekr jev}t# ktlmr hmetac vrkbm kr tatm bae jetmrgmrm yjtl brjtjbactan%

Tk dmac yjtl }bl jetmrgmrmebm# hkrm hmetac mggkrt tk hajetaje brjtjbac

vrkbmm aed tk }vvrm vrkbmm ba}jei jetmrgmrmebm haz om rmq}jrmd%Tlm kvmratkr lk}cd hkejtkr ylat tan arm r}eejei je tlm hjed% ]ejetmedmd

hmetac vrkbm h}t om }vvrmmd% Tlm ba}m kg }ejetmedmd vrkbmm armwarjk}% Jt bae om khmtljei jhvcm a jrrmcmwaet tlk}ilt% Lkymwmr# jt bae

ack om cmaremd rmvkem tlat arm trjiimrmd oz bmrtaje bkedjtjke#

abbkrdjei tk lky tlm kvmratkr) hjed j bkedjtjkemd% Tlm cmarejei haz lawmomme dkem mjtlmr bkebjk}cz kr }obkebjk}cz# o}t tlm }ejetmedmd rmvkem

j }obkebjk} yljbl tlm kvmratkr la cm bketrkc kwmr%Rjebm l}hae hjed dkm ekt vrkwjdm a g}ebtjke tk mram djbrmtm raeim kgdata# tlm vrkocmhatjb vrkbm data la tk om rmyrjttme kr kwmrvkymrmd oz

aektlmr vrkbm% Kr tlm trjiimr tlat ba}m tlm vrkbm tk r}e bae ome}ccjgjmd oz blaeijei akbjatjke% Jg tlm vrkbm j ekt abbmmd gkr a

ckei vmrjkd# tlm /jhvrjet/ kg tlm data bae gadm%Gkr jhjcar rmake# khm cmaremd tmblejq}m haz rmq}jrm rmvmatmd trajejei

je krdmr tk vrmwmet tlm vrkbm data grkh gadjei%

Gkr gjem bketrkc kg a ymavke# kr ktlmr vlzjbac aed hmetac tanjei# tlmaojcjtz tk rmca| tlm okdz aed hajetaje bachem tk a bmrtaje dmirmm yljcm

omjei acmrt j jhvkrtaet% Tlm aojcjtz tk dk k }edmr trm kg cjgmtlrmatmejei daeimr djggmr je dmirmm grkh jedjwjd}ac tk jedjwjd}ac% Omba}m

kg tlm vrkoaojcjtz kg hkrm mggkrt omjei rmq}jrmd gkr gjem bketrkc }edmrtrm# khm haz blkkm tk }m tmblejq}m tlat arm hkrm gkrijwjei tk bkarm

hkwmhmet kr rmq}jrm cm kr ek gjem hkwmhmet% Jt j vkjocm tk mcmbtkecz tlm tmblejq}m tlat lawm cm kr ek gjem hkwmhmet# aed m|vmbt

}bbm# gkr rmake }bl a bckm djtaebm kr ktlmr gabtkr je avartjb}car jt}atjke tlat rmd}bm tlm embmjtz kg hktjke yjtl hkrm

vrmbjjke% Lkymwmr# ae kvmratkr ylk blkkm tk dk k j ekt cjnmcz tklaedcm a jt}atjke ylmrm vrmbjjke rmq}jrmd j aokwm tlm cmwmc kg vrmbjjke

tlm tmblejq}m tlm kvmratkr j }md tk vrkwjdm% Tlm kvmratkr ylk la

trkeimr bketrkc kwmr kem hmetac aed vlzjbac tatm aed j aocm tk tazbcah yjcc lawm hkrm raeim kg tmblejq}m tlat bae om mhvckzmd# aed ack lawm

hkrm vrmbjjke aed gcm|jojcjtz yjtl tlm tmblejq}m mhvckzmd%

1%1%?%1%?% Ha|jhjpjei jegkrhatjke vrkbm mggjbjmebz%


12/57

(Rjhvcjgz tan0 Tan lk}cd om jhvcm a vkjocm% Aez tmv kg abtjke ketlm vrkbm lk}cd lawm a `}tjgjbatjke gkr tlm jebc}jke je tlm vrkbm%

Hkrm tmv kr abtjke hmae jebrmamd mggkrt kr tjhm bke}hmd yljbljebrmam tlm rjn gkr tlm kvmratkr% Jg aez abtjke tlat jebrmam mggkrt kr

tjhm bke}hmd j addmd tk tlm tan# jt h}t om khmtljei mmetjac kr lawma omemgjt tlat k}tymjil tlm rjn%

(Hjejhjpm e}homr kg tan at a ijwme tjhm0

Attmhvt tk bketrkc tlm vmmd# vrkoaojcjtz aed grmq}mebz kg mwmet tlatrmq}jrm attmetjke mhmrijei% Gkr m|ahvcm# cky hkwmhmet gkr haem}wmr haz

hanm }ermwmacmd arma rmwmac ckycz# hanjei emy mcmhmet kg bkebmre avvmarat a ckymr ratm% Trzjei tk nmmv e}homr kg tan vrkbmmd at tlm ahm tjhm

tk a hjejh}h# oz mcmbtjwmcz m|mb}tjei cjhjtmd e}homr kg tan at a tjhm#haz jebrmam mggjbjmebz kg hmetac vrkbm%

1%1%?%1%2% Vrmbjjke# vmmd# mggmbtjwmem kg tan%

Oktl vrmbjjke aed vmmd arm embmarz dmvmedjei ke tlm jt}atjke at laed#o}t khmtjhm kem dmbrmam tlm ktlmr% Tlm ikac j ekt a bkebmre kg ylat j

hkt vrmbjm kr ylat j gatmt% Jt a q}mtjke kg ylat j hkt mggmbtjwmje abljmwjei a dmjrmd tatm% Cm bkhvcm| kr cm gjem abtjke bae om

m|mb}tmd q}jbnmr% Mggkrt lk}cd om hadm tk hanm tan# tmblejq}m# kr ktlmrhktjke cm bkhvcm| aed rmq}jrm cm gjemem% Lkymwmr# tlj dkm ekt hmae

acc bkhvcm| kr gjem hktjke lk}cd om mcjhjeatmd% Jt tjcc emmd tk bketajeacc tmv kr abtjke rmq}jrmd tk abljmwm tlm ko`mbtjwm kg tlm tan kr

abtjke# aed jg vmmd aggmbt vrmbjjke rmq}jrmd tk abljmwm tlm ko`mbtjwm#tlm vmmd emmd tk om bketrkccmd tk kvtjh}h cmwmc%

Ylmtlmr jg a bmrtaje tan tlat rmq}jrm bkhvcm| kr gjem abtjke j `}tjgjmd

kr ekt dmvmed ke bmrtaje gabtkr0

(Aojcjtz0 J tlm kvmratkr aocm tk m|mb}tm tlm tan;

(Embmjtz0 Arm tlmrm majmr# aed at cmat mq}accz mggmbtjwm actmreatjwm;

(Omemgjt0 Ylat omemgjt dkm tlm tmblejq}m tlat haz om djggjb}ct tk m|mb}tm

ijwm tlm kvmratkr;

Gkr m|ahvcm# khm bcajh }jei a jilt j tkk bkhvcm| kg a tan% O}t# jgvrmbjjke lkt j baccmd gkr# }m kg tlm jilt haz om tlm kecz wjaocm

kvtjke je bmrtaje jt}atjke% Jg tlm kvmratkr dkm ekt lawm tlm aojcjtz tk

vrkvmrcz }m tlm jilt# tmblejq}m jewkcwjei tlm }m kg jilt haz om kg ekwac}m tk tlm kvmratkr% O}t# tlat dkm ekt rmcjmwm tlm kvmratkr grkh tlm

vrkocmh kg lawjei tk hanm a vrmbjjke lkt%


13/57


14/57

hktjke gkr dmwmckvjei tmblejq}m tk vmrgkrh a tan# vktmetjac omemgjt aedrjn jewkcwmd lk}cd om m|ahjemd%

(]tjcjpatjke kg bkedjtjkemd }obkebjk} rmvkem0

Trajejei a vmrke tk m|mb}tm bmrtaje abtjke je bmrtaje bkedjtjke k tlat

tlm vmrke yk}cd om bkedjtjkemd m|mb}tm tlm abtjke ke a }obkebjk} cmwmcyk}cd }}accz lawm omt mggjbjmebz je m|mb}tjei tmblejq}m%

Lkymwmr# tlat j dkem }edmr tlm a}hvtjke tlat tlm abtjke trajemd j ylat

emmd tk om dkem ylme tlat bkedjtjke kbb}r% Tlmrm j a rjn kg tlm vmrke

m|mb}tjei tlm abtjke }vke rmbkiejpjei tlat bkedjtjke ylme tlkm abtjke jkhmtljei tlat lk}cd ekt om dkem je tlat vartjb}car jt}atjke%

Tlj emmd tk om tanme jetk bkejdmratjke ylme dmjiejei a tmblejq}m aeddkjei }bl trajejei tk hjejhjpm }bl rjn% Awkjd a}tkhatjke yjtlk}t a

vmbjgjb `}tjgjaocm emmd tlat bae dmvrjwm kvvkrt}ejtz tk hanm a dmbjjketk blaeim bk}rm kg abtjke a rmq}jrmd%

1%1%?%1%4% Vlzjbac bavaojcjtz aed cjhjtatjke kg l}hae%

Vlzjbac blarabtmrjtjb0Gkr m|ahvcm# l}hae mzm bae kecz mm tljei yjtlje bmrtaje gjmcd kg wjmy#

aed ko`mbt je vmrjvlmrac wjjke arm ekt bcmarcz rmbkiejpmd% Ack# jt tanmcm tjhm gkr ae kvmratkr tk ljgt gkb} grkh kem ko`mbt tk aektlmr jg tlm

aei}car djtrjo}tjke kg ko`mbt arm cm% Jebrmamd ymjilt kg tlm imar hazrmd}bm mggmbtjwmem aed ba}m gatji}m gatmr% Tlmm cjhjtatjke lk}cd om

bkejdmrmd yljcm mcmbtjei bk}rm kg abtjke%

Memriz vrmmrwatjke0Nmmv memriz m|vmedjt}rm gkr kecz tlm abtjke tlat arm embmarz% Hkrm tlm

vmmd aed e}homr kg abtjke# ljilmr tlm memriz bke}hvtjke ratm% Nmmv tlmvmmd aed e}homr kg abtjke kecz tk a cmwmc tlat j embmarz% Gatji}m

aggmbt kwmracc mggjbjmebz kg abtjke%

Ae kvmratkr h}t ekt om tkk gatji}md gkr mggmbtjwm rmabtjke tk bketabt at

aez vkjet# aed aez tmblejq}m kr vcae mhvckzmd tlat dkm bkegcjbt yjtl tljlk}cd om awkjdmd a h}bl a vkjocm% Tlj ack avvcjm tk mq}jvhmet

mcmbtjke% Ylme a barrjmd kr }m kg ae mq}jvhmet ba}m gatji}m# tlmrm

lk}cd om a vcae tk bketrkc tlm tlm cmeitl kr haeemr kg barrz aed }m kgtlat mq}jvhmet tk nmmv tlm dmirmm kg gatji}m tk a cmwmc ylmrm kvmratkr bae

tjcc kvmratm yjtl mggmbtjwmem%


15/57

Mewjrkehmetac bketrkc aed bkhgkrt0Kem kgtme kwmrckknmd avmbt j bkhgkrt% Tlj j kgtme hjtanmecz mme a

c}|}rz# jt j abt}accz ae jhvkrtaet jtmh% Djbkhgkrt j a jieac jev}t tlatbae jetmrgmrm yjtl mejei embmarz jegkrhatjke }ecm tlat jev}t jtmcg

j rmcmwaet% Djbkhgkrt j djtrabtjke# aed djtrabtjke j a daeimr tkkvmratkr% Aojcjtz tk ykrn yjtl bmrtaje cmwmc kg djbkhgkrt j a embmjtz#

o}t ekt imttjei rjd kg aez }eembmarz djbkhgkrt ylme tlmrm j aekvvkrt}ejtz j ektljei lkrt kg t}vjdjtz%

Tlmrm j a cjhjtmd raeim kg mewjrkehmetac bkedjtjke ylmrm l}hae bae om

mggmbtjwm% Hkrm tlm mewjrkehmet dmwjatm grkh tlat raeim# tlm mggmbtjwmemimt aggmbtmd aed vrkoaojcjtz kg larh rjm% Jg tlm dmirmm kg dmwjatjke j

ljil# tlme tlmrm j a vrkoaojcjtz kg je`}rz kr dmatl grkh mewjrkehmetacmggmbt%

Vcaeejei aed mq}jvhmet rmadjem jebc}dm bkejdmratjke aok}t lky tk nmmvae kvmratkr je tlm kvtjhac mewjrkehmetac bkedjtjke aed lky tk vrktmbt tlm

kvmratkr grkh jt ylme tlm mewjrkehmet dmwjatm grkh jt%

Hkrm dmtajc je Wkc}hm 1 Mq}jvhmet mbtjke%

1%1%?%1%=% Bketrkc kg hmetac+vlzjbac jetmrgmrmebm imemratmd grkh vmrbmjwmd

tlrmat0

Vmrbmvtjke kg a tlrmat tlat haz ba}m larh ba}m trm% Tlm cmwmc jljilmr ylme tlm tlrmat j akbjatmd yjtl vlzjbac larh# dmatl# kr ck kg

aeztljei tlat j jhvkrtaet mek}il gkr khmkem tk meiaim je bkhoat tk i}ardjt at tlm rjn kg vlzjbac larh kr dmatl% Tlm trm ba}md oz jt bae

jetmrgmrm yjtl mggjbjmet hmetac jegkrhatjke vrkbmjei kr bketrkc kwmr okdzhkwmhmet% Tlj yarraet a ckkn at hma}rm tk rmd}bm tlm trm tk rmd}bm

tlm jetmrgmrmebm aed kwmrbkhm m|jtjei jetmrgmrmebm%

Aez hkwmhmet bketrkc kg tlm okdz vart j dkem oz dmtmrhjejei tarimthkwmhmet# j}m bketrkc jieac tk hkwm# trabn tlm hkwmhmet yjtl mekr#

aed med embmarz jieac tk bkrrmbt mrrkr kg tlm hkwmhmet a tlm hjeddmtmrhjem% Tlj j a bketje}k} gmmd oabn ckkv% Acc vrkbm j r}e

bketaetcz# o}t jt yjcc tanm tjhm gkr a dmtmrhjeatjke je hjed tk ik tlrk}il

tlm ckkv aed rm}ct je hktjke kg tlm abt}ac tarimt okdz vart% Vrkocmh yjtltlm aeacki bketrkc ztmh k}r okdz la yjtl bked}btjei a bmrtaje vrkbm j

tlat jt accky jieac imemratmd oz hjed kr mekr jev}t tlat j jrrmcmwaettk tlm vrkbm tk jetmrgmrm yjtl jt% Oz tlm aeacki eat}rm# jieac emmd tk

trabn aed bkhhaed gjem hkwmhmet yjcc om aggmbtmd hkrm% Tlj vrkocmh la tk

om dmact yjtl%

Hkrm rmcjaebm ke cm mrrkr vrkem mekr j kem% Gkr trabnjei a hkwmhmet krckbatjke# tlm wj}ac mekr j tlm hkt abb}ratm aed rmcjaocm% Tlat j tlm


16/57

rmake ylz hktjke tlat rmq}jrm vrmbjjke# }bl a ajhjei a ymavke# armdkem wj}accz% Hkrm hmetac mggkrt gkr j}jei bkhhaed jieac aed rmbmjwjei

trabnjei jieac# oz bkebmetratjei ke tlm gjem hktjke rmq}jrmd# haz ackykrn# yjtl bmrtaje cjhjtatjke% Lkymwmr# tlat haz bke}hm addjtjkeac hmetac

rmk}rbm%

Ack# }ejetmedmd bkhhaed jieac imemratmd h}t om }vvrmmd% Gcjebljei}vke ymavke gjrm haz om kem m|ahvcm kg }bl bkhhaed jieac% Rkhm kg tlkm

arm vketaemk} abtjke yjtl cky vrkoaojcjtz kg rmvmatjei% Lkymwmr# tlkm}ejetmedmd bkhhaed jieac bae om grkh a cmaremd rmvkem tlat j trjiimrmd

oz bmrtaje bkedjtjke% Kvmratkr lk}cd om aocm tk dmtmbt# djaiekm# aed gj|tlm vrkocmh%

Lawjei vrjkr nekycmdim aed vrmvaratjke gkr vktmetjac tlrmat bae rmd}bm tlm

trm rmvkem# omba}m jt ijwm tlm kvmratkr hkrm vrkoaojcjtz kg bketrkc

kwmr tlm tlrmat jt}atjke% Jt ack hanm jt vkjocm gkr tlm kvmratkr tkakbjatm tlm vmrbmvtjke kg tlrmat yjtl a vrkvmr rmvkem# aed }tjcjpm tlm

jieac imemratmd grkh tlm vmrbmvtjke kg tlm tarimtmd tlrmat a a tjh}cjgkr a vrkvmr rmvkem%

Bketrkccmd ormatljei at hkdmratm vlam haz ack lmcv rmd}bm tmejke aediaje mem kg bketrkc kwmr vlzjbac m|bjtmhmet% Hmetac tmejke }edmr tlrmat

haz ba}m a vmrke tk }obkebjk}cz va}m ormatljei% Okdz) rmabtjke tklkcdjei ormatl haz ba}m addjtjkeac hmetac aed vlzjbac tmejke yljbl bae

om rmd}bmd oz bketrkccmd ormatljei%

Bkedjtjkejei kemmcg tk bae }rrk}edjei je vrkvmr grmq}mebz gkrjt}atjkeac ayarmem# }ecm tlmrm j a vmbjgjb tljei tlat yarraet

attmetjke# bae lmcv bk}etmr tlm mggmbt kg trm ba}jei vmkvcm tk imttlmjr attmetjke kwmrcz gj|atmd ke cjhjtmd bkvm aed ckjei jt}atjkeac

ayarmem%

Tlmrm j acyaz a vrkoaojcjtz kg je`}rz kr dmatl ylme a vmrke j je aearma ylmrm ae kvvkemet jetmedjei tk ba}m }bl larh m|jt% Tlat j ba}m

trm tlat dmbrmam kem) mggmbtjwmem je barrzjei k}t tan% Jg avmrke jetmed tk om }bbmg}c je a bkhoat kvmratjke# tlmrm emmd tk om ae

}edmrtaedjei tlat ylmtlmr jg kem abbmvt tlat rjn kr ekt j jrrmcmwaet tktlm gabm tlat tlm rjn m|jt% Rtrm emmd tk om bketrkccmd# ekt tlrk}il

jrratjkeac dmejac kg ae m|jtjei daeimr# o}t tlrk}il tlm }edmrtaedjei tlat

ztmhatjbaccz avvczjei vrkvmr tabtjb tmblejq}m rmd}bm tlat rjn aed }mjt a a hktjwatkr gkr barrzjei k}t tlm tan yjtl bkewjbtjke% Je tlat mem#

ae kriaejpatjke bae hanm a hmhomr lawm bkewjbtjke oz tmccjei tlm hmhomr tklawm jt% Ylat tlm vmrke j tkcd tk dk emmd tk hanm mem aok}t ylz jt

yk}cd jhvrkwm kem) mb}rjtz%

]m kg khm hmtlkd tlat arm rmcatjwmcz bkhvcm| bkhvarmd tk ktlmr hmtlkd

tk abljmwm a ahm ikac tlat arm cm bkhvcm| haz om `}tjgjmd jg tlmrmcatjwmcz bkhvcm| hmtlkd yk}cd lawm ljilmr mggmbtjwmem ylme bkrrmbtcz


17/57

m|mb}tmd% Ack# bmrtaje tljei bae kecz om abljmwmd oz }m kg bkhvcm|hmtlkd% Rtrm dmiradjei kem) mggmbtjwmem aggmbtjei aojcjtz tk vmrgkrh

hkrm bkhvcm| tan hkrm bae om a rjn yjtl a dmbjjke tk }m tlkmrmcatjwmcz bkhvcm| hmtlkd% Lkymwmr# jg trajejei aed rmmarbl rmk}rbm j

awajcaocm# kvmratkr lk}cd ekt cmt tlm taedard kg cjhjtjei hmtlkd }mdtk ylat bae om abljmwmd yjtl jhvcm hktjke kr tljenjei djbtatm ylat tlmz

bae kr baeekt dk% Jg a omttmr rm}ct bae om lad yjtl }m kg hkrm bkhvcm|hmtlkd# tlme kvmratkr lk}cd mmn tk m|vaed tlmjr aojcjtz }edmr trm tk

om aocm tk vmrgkrh tlm bkhvcm| hmtlkd tlrk}il rmmarbl aed trajejei%

Rkhm vmkvcm arm hkrm bach }edmr tlat vrm}rm aed cm aggmbtmd oz tlmtrm% Tlkm vmkvcm lawm omttmr aojcjtz tk abbkhvcjl a ijwme tan aed

}rwjwm% Aed# tlat bachem }edmr vrm}rm bae om jebrmamd yjtl trajejei%V}ttjei mggkrt je rmmarbl aed trajejei tk vmrgkrh tk a cmwmc a ljil a

trajejei tjhm aed rmk}rbm accky j a omttmr avvrkabl tlae dmga}ctjei tk

ylat acc awmraim vmkvcm arm a}hmd tk om aocm tk dk% Rkhm vmkvcm bae dkektjei hkrm tlae brmah aed r}e ylme tlrmatmemd yjtl wjkcmebm# aed tlat j

ekt a vcae kg abtjke kg ylat a vmrke ylk jetmed tk om }bbmg}c je bkhoatkvmratjke bae dmga}ct tk% Jg tlm taedard j /Aezkem lk}cd om aocm tk dktlj }edmr trm%%%/ tlme tlmrm j ek cjhjt tk lky cky tlat taedard bae

imt%

1%1%?%?% Mq}jvhmet gabtkr

Gkr m|ahvcm# a gjrmarh bae }}accz attabn kecz kem tarimt at a tjhm# o}t

la tlm aojcjtz tk attabn kvvkemet at a djtaebm% Tlm ha|jh}h mggmbtjwmdjtaebm warjm oz tzvm kg ymavke aed tlm kvmratkr aojcjtz tk }m jt%

Kvmratkr h}t lawm ae }edmrtaedjei kg tlmm blarabtmrjtjb aedcjhjtatjke%

Hkrm dmtajc je Wkc}hm 1 Mq}jvhmet mbtjke%


18/57

1%1%2% Mggmbtjwmem kg bkhoat i}eemrz

Ae kvmratkr) i}eemrz bavaojcjtz lawm a irmat jegc}mebm ke ylat abtjke baeom tanme% Mwme jg ae kvmratkr j vcabmd je a jt}atjke ylmrm acc ktlmr

tabtjbac gabtkr arm je gawkr kg tlm kvmratkr# jt haz om kg ek omemgjt jgtlm kvmratkr j }eaocm tk m|mb}tm mggmbtjwm i}eemrz ke tlm kvvkemet je

tlat jt}atjke%

Kvmratkr emmd tk om aocm tk bkrrmbtcz am lky mggmbtjwm tlmjr i}eemrzyk}cd om je a ijwme jt}atjke%

Hkrm dmtajc je Wkc}hm 1 Bkhoat I}eemrz mbtjke%

1%1%2%1% Mggmbtjwm _aeim%

Kvmratkr emmd tk lawm ae abb}ratm amhmet kg ylat njed kg taedard gkri}eemrz mggmbtjwmem j rmq}jrmd yjtl a vmbjgjb gjrmarh aed i}eemrzmggmbtjwmem kvmratkr bae abt}accz abljmwm at tlm b}rrmet tjhm%

Haem}wmrjei aed vkjtjkejei dmbjjke j aggmbtmd oz lky tk vcabm kvmratkrylmrm tlmjr i}eemrz yk}cd om mggmbtjwm yljcm tlat kg tlm kvvkemet yk}cd om

cky a vkjocm# a vrkbm yljbl yk}cd om ljedmrmd jg kvmratkr dk ekt lawma bcmar vjbt}rm kg tlmjr i}eemrz bavaojcjtjm%

Gkr m|ahvcm0 Jg kvmratkr arm m|vmbtmd tk gjilt kvvkemet ylk arm at 166h

djtaebm# kvmratkr yk}cd om rmq}jrmd tk ljt tarimt at 166h djtaebm yjtl}ggjbjmet abb}rabz tk dmcjwmr ljt tk vart kg tlm tarimt tlat yk}cd cjnmcz

om jebavabjtatjei% ]jei a tarimt tlat j a jpm kg a g}ccz m|vkmd haegabjei tlm lkktmr yk}cd ekt om a ikkd jedjbatkr kg ylmtlmr jg kvmratkr

lawm tlj bavaojcjtz jg kvvkemet arm m|vmbtmd tk om m|vkmd tk tlm ahmdmirmm%

Jg khm kvmratkr arm dmtmrhjemd tk om bavaocm kg mggmbtjwm i}eemrz raeim

}v tk 166h oamd ke tlmjr aojcjtz tk ljt aez vart kg a g}ccz m|vkmd hajpm tarimt# tlme tlm mggmbtjwm raeim tlmz arm bavaocm yk}cd lawm tk om

ratmd ckymr yjtl kvvkemet ymarjei okdz arhkr tlat mggmbtjwmcz vrktmbtkhm vart kg tlm kvvkemet) okdz%

Hjcjtarz kriaejpatjke }bl a tlat kg ]ejtmd Rtatm kg Ahmrjba lawm rjgcmq}acjgjbatjke vrkirah tlat lkkt }v tk ?=6hu266h# aed ratm tlmjr taedard

j}m rjgcm raeim mwme g}rtlmr tlae tlat djtaebm% Lkymwmr# rmacjtjbhmtlkd kg amjei mggmbtjwm raeim yk}cd orjei tlm abt}ac mggmbtjwm raeim

wmrz lkrt bkhvarmd tk tlkm djtaebm%

Jg kvmratkr) jewkcwmd bae kecz dmcjwmr mggmbtjwm ljt ke m|vkmd vart kg

kvvkemet at ?=h# tlme vcaeejei lk}cd om dkem yjtl tlm bkejdmratjke tlattlmz bae kecz dmcjwmr mggmbtjwm ljt yjtlje ?=h% Tlj orjei }v tlm


19/57

jhvkrtaebm kg i}eemrz njcc% Jg kvmratkr jewkcwmd bae kecz dmcjwmrmggmbtjwm ljt at lkrt djtaebm# tlat yk}cd rmq}jrm tlmh tk om bckm tk

kvvkemet gkr mggmbtjwm attabn% Tlat jebrmam tlm rjn d}m tk jebrmamdkvvkemet i}e gjrm mggmbtjwmem# jebrmamd vmmd kg kvvkemet) bk}etmr

haem}wmr }vke dmtmbtjke# aed haez ktlmr rmake%


20/57

1%1%4% ]tjcjpatjke kg vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt%

Tlmrm arm haez tzvm kg vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt% Rkhm arm vmbjgjbaccz dmjiemdaed vcabmd je ckbatjke gkr tlm v}rvkm kg vrkwjdjei vrktmbtjke# aed khm

arm ko`mbt tlat arm ekt dmjiemd gkr tlat v}rvkm o}t bae om }tjcjpmd krhaejv}catmd gkr tlat v}rvkm% Rkhm tzvm kg oarrjmr ko`mbt arm hkojcm#

khm bae om ykre# aed khm arm tatjkearz%

Ae ko`mbt haz vrkwjdm vrktmbtjke }edmr bmrtaje bkedjtjke# o}t ekt jeaektlmr% Gkr m|ahvcm# bmrtaje okdz arhkr haz vrktmbt aiajet hkt vjtkc

gjrmd vrk`mbtjcm# o}t ekt aiajet hkrm vkymrg}c ahh}ejtjke gjrmd grkhktlmr tzvm kg gjrmarh%

Tlm vrktmbtjke mggmbt ack dmvmed ke tlm imkhmtrjbac rmcatjkeljv kg tlm

kvmratkr# tlm ko`mbt# aed tlm kvvkemet% Tlmrm arm gkcckyjei gabtkr tk

bkejdmr0

(Hatmrjac aed tr}bt}rm kg a vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt%

(Lky h}bl arma kg tlm kvmratkr j ockbnmd oz tlm ko`mbt grkh ae attabnmr)

ymavke vkjet kg wjmy%

(Kvvkemet gjrmarh tzvm aed ahh}ejtjke tzvm

(Lky gar tlm kvvkemet j grkh tlm vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt

Kvmratkr emmd tk neky ylat njed kg gjrmarh aed ahh}ejtjke kvvkemet j}jei je krdmr tk neky ylat njed kg ko`mbt bae om }md tk ljmcd kemmcg

aiajet jt% Tlj j ekt acyaz vkjocm# k tlm kvmratkr emmd tk om ayarmkg vmemtratjke bavaojcjtjm kg hkt tzvm kg gjrmarh aed ahh}ejtjke

bkhojeatjke tlm kvmratkr j cjnmcz tk mebk}etmr je addjtjke tk nekyekvvkemet ymavke aed bkejdmr ko`mbt tlat bae vrkwjdm vrktmbtjke grkh tlkm

a ylat tk }m gkr vrktmbtjke% Lkymwmr# jt ack embmarz tk lawm a vcaekg abtjke gkr ylme tlm kvmratkr djbkwmr tlat kvvkemet lawm hkrm vkymrg}c

ymavke tlae aetjbjvatmd%

Djtaebm grkh kvvkemet) ymavke tk ko`mbt }md gkr vrktmbtjke dmtmrhjemlky h}bl memriz kg tlm o}ccmt gjrmd oz tlm kvvkemet j ckt omgkrm jt

rmablm tlm ko`mbt% A a o}ccmt trawmc tlrk}il tlm ajr aed ktlmr

hatmrjac# jt bketje}k}cz ckm wmckbjtz yljbl dmbrmam jt njemtjbmemriz oamd dmtr}btjwm vkymr }md gkr vmemtratjke% Jg tlm o}ccmt ack

vkm dmtr}btjwm vkymr oamd ke khmtljei ktlmr tlae njemtjb memriz#}bl a blmhjbac memriz grkh m|vckjwm# tlat yket om aggmbtmd%


21/57

Tmrh Dmgjemd0

VKMP0 ,Vrkoaocm Kvvkemet Mhmrimebm Pkem* Ae arma ylmrm ae kvvkemet hazavvmar grkh% Hkrm dmtajc je Haem}wmrjei ae Vkjtjkejei Rmbtjke%

KAP0 ,Kvvkemet Acmrt Pkem* Ae arma ylmrm kvvkemet) attmetjke haz omdjrmbtmd tk je rmvkem tk kvvkemet omjei acmrtmd tk ae kvmratkr)vrmmebm% Hkrm dmtajc je Haem}wmrjei aed Vkjtjkejei Rmbtjke%

1%1%4%1% ]tjcjpjei tatjkearz ko`mbt gkr vrktmbtjke%

Jg tlm kvmratkr dkm ekt neky ylmrm tlm kvvkemet j# tlm kvmratkr baeekt


22/57

neky ylmrm tk haem}wmr tk je rmcatjke tk a vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt% Tlm jdmacbam yk}cd om gjedjei a vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt yljbl bae bkwmr tlm kvmratkr grkh

acc VKMP# yljbl je hkt jt}atjke j ekt cjnmcz tk lavvme% Jg tlmrm armh}ctjvcm VKMP je tlm arma# aed mtjhatmd vrkoaojcjtz kg kvvkemet avvmaraebm

kg mabl VKMP j aok}t tlm ahm# ae kvmratkr vcabjei kem mcg k tlat avrktmbtjwm ko`mbt yjcc vrkwjdm mb}rjtz grkh hkt kg tlm VKMP haz om tlm

omt bk}rm kg abtjke%

Jg vrkoaojcjtz kg kvvkemet avvmaraebm kg bmrtaje VKMP kr irk}v kg VKMP jljilmr tlae tlm ktlmr# tlm kvmratkr haz lawm tk ad`}t vrjkrjtz kg VKMP

tlm kvmratkr yaet tk om vrktmbtmd grkh abbkrdjeicz% Lkymwmr grkh tlm agmtzkg tlm vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt grkh ljil vrjkrjtz VKMP# tlm kvmratkr yjcc lawm

tk ack yatbl tlkm VKMP tlat tlm vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt j ekt bkwmrjei%

Lkymwmr# kvmratkr yk}cd emmd tk nmmv a bmrtaje djtaebm ayaz grkh tlm

vrktmbtjke ko`mbt% Kem rmake j omba}m kg jedjwjd}ac vabm emmdmd gkr aekvmratkr tk m|mb}tm mmetjac g}ebtjke }bl a i}eemrz vrkbm kr

hajetajejei a rmadz vkt}rm% Jg ae kvmratkr la kem) tkrk je bketabt yjtla yacc je grket kg tlm kvmratkr# tlmrm yk}cd cjnmcz om a vrkocmh yjtl tlmkvmratkr imttjei tlm i}e je gjrjei vkjtjke%

Aektlmr rmake j tlm rmcatmd tk tlm mggmbt kg jebkhjei rk}ed gjrmd oz

kvvkemet% Jg a o}ccmt ikm tlrk}il tlm ko`mbt# jt tjcc haz ba}m admgcmbtjke je tlm o}ccmt) gcjilt vatl% Tlm dmgcmbtjke haz om carim mek}il

tk hj tlm kvmratkr jg tlm kvmratkr nmvt bmrtaje djtaebm ayaz grkh tlmko`mbt aed nmvt tlm kvmratkr) m|vk}rm omljed tlm ko`mbt tk a hjejh}h%

Rahm avvcjm ylme a o}ccmt j dmgcmbtmd oz a vrktmbtjke ko`mbt% Jt j}}accz tlm mdim kg a vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt tlat tlm kvmratkr }tjcjpm gkr

vrktmbtjke yljcm lkktjei at kvvkemet# aed tlm mdim ke a vrktmbtjwm ko`mbthaz om rmcatjwmcz ymanmr bkhvarmd tk ktlmr vart kg tlm ko`mbt% Emar tlat

mdim tlm kvmratkr j m|vkmd grkh yjcc om lkt at tlm hkt% Rahm avvcjm tkaez mbkedarz vrk`mbtjcm brmatmd oz jebkhjei rk}ed ljttjei tlm vrktmbtjwm

ko`mbt%

Je krdmr tk lawm tjhm tk rmabt tk ae mhmrijei kvvkemet# tlm kvmratkr emmdtk nmmv djtaebm grkh vktmetjac daeimr arma# }bl a VKMP% Lkymwmr# ae

ko`mbt tlat bae om }tjcjpmd tk ljmcd ae kvmratkr haz ekt kecz bkwmr tlmkvmratkr grkh tlm kvvkemet vkjet kg wjmy# o}t jt bae ack ljdm ae

kvvkemet omljed jt at tlm ahm tjhm% Rk# jg ae kvmratkr j }jei ae ko`mbt

a a ljmcdjei# }bl a }jei a bkremr kg a yacc gkr bkwmr# tlm kvmratkremmd tk nmmv khm djtaebm grkh ylat haz avvmar omljed tlm ko`mbt# aed at

tlm ahm tjhm om bckm mek}il tk tlm ko`mbt tk }m tlm ko`mbt a aljmcdjei% Tlj j a rmq}jrmhmet tlat bketradjbt kem aektlmr% Rk# tlm

m|abt djtaebm grkh tlm ko`mbt la tk om dmbjdmd oz amjei tlm rjn aed

omemgjt jewkcwmd yjtl omjei bckmr kr omjei gartlmr% Bkejdmrjei kvvkemetyjtl ymavke tlat arm ekt dmjiemd tk om }md at a djtaebm# }bl a oc}et

gkrbm kr mdimd ymavke# tlm kvmratkr yk}cd vrmgmr tk lawm a djtaebm tlatyjcc ijwm tlm kvmratkr mek}il tjhm tk rmvked omgkrm tlm mhmrimd kvvkemet


23/57

bae adwaebm tk tlm kvmratkr aed hanm vlzjbac bketabt% Hkrm djtaebm yjccom omttmr%

Tlm vrkocmh j ylme kvvkemet lawm gjrmarh% Jg oktl vartjm arm }jei tlm

ahm ko`mbt omtymme tlmh a a bkwmr# tlm ko`mbt haz vrkwjdm omttmr bkwmrgkr tlm vartz tlat j bckmr tk jt# jg ktlmr imkhmtrjbac rmcatjkeljv tk

tlat ko`mbt j tlm zhhmtrjbac% Rk# tlm djtaebm tk ko`mbt }md gkrvrktmbtjke emmd tk om bckm a vkjocm gkr bk}etmrjei kvvkemet yjtl

gjrmarh yjtl khm djtaebm nmvt tlat yk}cd accky kvmratkr rkkh tk vmrgkrhembmarz tan aed tjhm tk rmabt tk aez kvvkemet yjtl bketabt ymavke

tlat haz mhmrim grkh omljed tlm ko`mbt%

(Hkhmetarz m|vk}rm tmblejq}m0

Jg komrwatjke j emmdmd# jt j omttmr jg jt bae om dkem yjtl vrktmbtjkegrkh a ljmcdjei ko`mbt% Lkymwmr# komrwatjke kr i}eemrz vrkbm haz

rmq}jrm m|vk}rm grkh tlm ljmcdjei% Tlm kvmratkr bae blkkm tk m|vkm kecz

tlm embmarz vkrtjke kg tlm okdz gkr a orjmg vmrjkd gkr tlm komrwatjke#omjei rmadz tk v}cc jt oabn q}jbncz omljed ljmcdjei ko`mbt% Tlj }tjcjpmtlm rmvkem cai# tlm tjhm jt tanm gkr kvvkemet vkjocz vrmmet tk

vmrbmjwm tlm kvmratkr aed rmabt tk jt% M|ahvcm kg jt}atjke ylmrm tljtmblejq}m haz om rmq}jrmd arm ylme ae kvmratkr la tk om m|vkmd jetk KAP

kr kvvkemet) wjmy je krdmr tk komrwm ae arma# kr ylme ae kvmratkr jm|vkjei kemmcg grkh vrktmbtmd arma tk }em|ahjemd arma tlat j k

djrmbtjkeaccz djvmrmd tlat kvmratkr yk}cd om m|vkjei kemmcg tk vart kgtlat }em|ahjemd arma tlat tlm kvmratkr djd ekt mm%


24/57

(M|vk}rm Vkjet Hkwmhmet Tmblejq}m0

Yljcm vartjaccz m|vkmd grkh a vrktmbtjke ko`mbt tk ae arma# kvvkemet# krktlmr metjtjm ae kvmratkr j komrwjei# kvmratkr bae hanm hkwmhmet tk hanm

tlm ckbatjke kg tlm m|vkmd vart kg tlm kvmratkr blaeim% Nmmv je hjed tlattlm hkwmhmet bae om je aez gmajocm djrmbtjke# jebc}djei lkrjpketac aed

wmrtjbac% Ylme bkhojemd yjtl Hkhmetarz M|vk}rm Tmblejq}m# ae kvmratkr bahhanm m|vkmd vart kg tlm kvmratkr avvmar hkhmetarjcz je kem ckbatjke grkh

tlm vrktmbtjke ko`mbt aed avvmar at a djggmrmet ckbatjke grkh tlmvrktmbtjke ko`mbt ylme hkhmetarz m|vk}rm emmd tk om dkem aiaje%

(Tmblejbac bkebmre# jdm kg ymavke hk}et0

Ylme }tjcjpjei tatjkearz ko`mbt gkr vrktmbtjke# }bl a bkremr kg a yacc#

yljcm attabnjei ae kvvkemet kr m|ahjejei ae arma# tlm kvmratkr haz emmd tkm|vkm a vart kg kem okdz aed tlm ymavke omzked tlm jdm mdim kg tlm

ko`mbt }md gkr vrktmbtjke% Mggjbjmebz kg tlm }m kg vrktmbtjwm ko`mbthaz om cm yjtl tlm ymavke vkjtjkemd ke tlm jdm kg tlm kvmratkr okdztlat j kvvkjtm kg tlm jdm ylmrm tlm mdim j ke tlm ljmcdjei ko`mbt%

Gkr m|ahvcm# ae kvmratkr haz lawm hkrm djggjb}ctz }tjcjpjei a bkremr ke tlmcmgt jdm kg a yacc ylme a ckei i}e j vkjtjkemd yjtl tlm tkbn bketabtjei

tlm kvmratkr rjilt jdm lk}cdmr%

Tlm omt yaz tk ha|jhjpm tlm }m kg tlm bkremr j tk hatbl tlm jdm tlmymavke j hk}etmd tk tlm jdm tlm bkremr j ke# o}t tlat haz rmq}jrm

yjtbljei tlm jdm tlm ymavke j vkjtjkemd% Tlmrm arm ari}hmet aiajetyjtbljei tlm jdm ymavke j hk}etmd ke# je krdmr tk ha|jhjpm }tjcjpatjke

kg ljmcdjei# ylme tlkm tyk jdm dk ekt hatbl# yljbl j0

a* Kvmratkr haz ombkhm w}cemraocm yljcm tlm yjtbl j omjei m|mb}tmd%

o* Kvmratkr j cm abb}ratm yljcm lkktjei yjtl tlm ymavke hk}etmd ke tlmjdm tlm kvmratkr j cm abb}tkhmd tk%

Tlm gjrt kem j a wacjd ari}hmet% O}t# tlmrm j ae mhmrimebz traejtjke

tmblejq}m tlat bae rmd}bm tlm rjn% Aed# tlm rjn kg ekt yjtbljei la arjn kg ekt omjei aocm tk vrkvmrcz }tjcjpm vrktmbtjke kggmrmd oz tlm

mewjrkehmet ae kvmratkr j je aed tlm rjn kg ekt omjei aocm tk vrkvmrcz

vkjet a i}e at a tarimt at acc je bmrtaje bjrb}htaebm%

Tlm mbked ari}hmet jewacjd% Je krdmr }tjcjpm tlm bkremr kg a vrktmbtjwmko`mbt yjtl a ymavke ke tlm jdm kg tlm okdz tlat j kvvkjtm tk tlm jdm

tlm bkremr# tlm kvmratkr la tk }m a tmblejq}m tlat rmq}jrm aynyard

vkjtjkejei kg tlm ymavke# kr gkrh a wmrz aynyard vkt}rm% Je ykrm bam#kvmratkr je tlat jt}atjke jejtjei ke ekt blaeijei ymavke vkjtjkejei tk

ha|jhjpm vrktmbtjke yk}cd ekt om imttjei aez vrktmbtjke at acc%


25/57


26/57

Vrkvmr yaz tk }tjcjpm a ijwme ko`mbt abbkrdjei tk }bl aeaczj bae kgtme

om djggmrmet grkh lky vmkvcm yjtl cm nekycmdim jhaijem lky jt lk}cd om

dkem% _mgmr tk Wkc}hm 2 /Tlm Tabtjbac Brjtjb/ mbtjke gkr hkrmdmtajc%

Hkojcm+vkrtaocm ko`mbt gkr vrktmbtjke0

Bmrtaje ko`mbt tlat bae vrkwjdm vrktmbtjke haz om vkrtaocm% ]jei tlmh gkr

vrktmbtjke d}rjei haem}wmr kr gkrtjgzjei vkjtjke tk jhvrkwm vrktmbtjke jeae arma bae om ae kvtjke% Lkymwmr# rjn akbjatmd yjtl mggkrt rmq}jrmd tk

hkwm }bl ko`mbt lk}cd ack om bkejdmrmd%

1%1%4%?% ]tjcjpjei okdz arhkr gkr vrktmbtjke%

Oacaebjei dmirmm kg vrktmbtjke aed ymjilt aed o}cn0


27/57

Gkr rmake tlat yjcc om m|vcajemd je Wkc}hm 1 Mq}jvhmet mbtjke# arhkryjtl cmat yjilt aed o}cn lk}cd om mcmbtmd a ckei a jt vrkwjdm

embmarz g}ebtjke aed vrktmbtjke% Kem vrkocmh yjtl okdz arhkr mcmbtjke jtlat ljilmr tlm cmwmc kg vrktmbtjke jt vrkwjdm }}accz tlm lmawjmr aed

o}cnjmr jt j% Tlmrm j a cjhjt tk lky h}bl ymjilt a l}hae bae omar aedtlmrm j hkrm cjhjt ylme tlm vmrke omarjei tlm ymjilt la tk vrmgkrh

vlzjbac kvmratjke% Jebrmamd ymjilt aed o}cn yk}cd ckymr hkojcjtz aedjebrmam gatji}m% Ack# tlm o}cn haz rmtrjbt hkwmhmet raeim kg ae

kvmratkr) okdz% Acc tlat j a rjn%

_kcm vkcjbz0

Aektlmr avmbt kg okdz arhkr }m tk bkejdmr j tk dmgjem ylat tabtjbacrkcm jt la% Tabtjb aed tzvm kg okdz arhkr tlat j dmjraocm blaeim

abbkrdjei tk ylat njed kg rkcm tlm }mr bkejdmr a okdz arhkr la% Tlmrmarm gkcckyjei djggmrmet avvrkablm0

( Tk bkejdmr jt a a gajcagm cazmr kg vrktmbtjke ylme acc ktlmr hmae tkvrktmbt tlm kvmratkr grkh i}e gjrm# haem}wmr aed vkjtjkejei# i}eemrz ke

kvvkemet# }tjcjpatjke kg ktlmr ko`mbt tlat vrkwjdm ljmcdjei# mtb%# lagajcmd%

( Tk bkejdmr jt a a vrktmbtjke tlat lk}cd om jetmetjkeaccz }tjcjpmd tk

ijwm kvmratkr ae kvtjke tk m|vkm tlmhmcwm tk i}e gjrm%

Jg gjrt avvrkabl j tanme# tlmrm j ek jiejgjbaet blaeim je ylatkvmratkr dk tk bked}bt kvmratjke m|bmvt tlat kvmratkr lawm addmd

vrktmbtjke ylme ylme kvmratkr }em|vmbtmdcz rmbmjwm i}e gjrm je vart kg tlmokdz tlat j vrktmbtmd oz tlm arhkr% A}hjei vrkvmr hma}rm arm tanme tk

vrkvmrcz haeaim vkjocm gatji}m aed rmtrjbtjke kg hkwmhmet raeim oz okdzarhkr# mtb%# tlj avvrkabl jiejgjbaetcz jebrmam omemgjt at tlm bkt kg

emicjijocm rjn%

Tlm mbked avvrkabl j tanme hktcz ylme kvmratkr jetmed tk metmr armaylmrm tlmz baeekt awkjd omjei m|vkmd tk kvvkemet) attabn# }}accz omba}m

khmtljei aok}t tlmjr ko`mbtjwm rmq}jrm jt% Gkr m|ahvcm# khm kvmratkr je

bmrtaje vkjtjke haz metmr arm tlat yjcc m|vkm tlmh tk kvvkemet) attabnje krdmr tk q}jbncz rmabl a rkkh bketajejei a lktaim tk ijwm tlm lktaim

tanmr hjejh}h kvvkrt}ejtz tk larh tlm lktaim% Rkcdjmr haz om m|vmbtmd oztlmjr kriaejpatjke tk metmr a rkkh# kbb}vjmd oz acmrt aed rmadz kvvkemet#

je krdmr tk bcmar tlat rkkh%

Ek hattmr lky h}bl arhkr vrktmbtjke ae kvmratkr la# aez m|vk}rm j ae

}eyaetmd rjn% Okdz arhkr }}accz dkm ekt bkwmr acc vart kg tlm ymarmr)okdz tlat yk}cd rm}ct je mrjk} je`}rz kr dmatl jg jt j ljt oz i}e gjrm%


28/57

Tlat hanm jt wmrz rjnz tk }m tlm mbked avvrkabl% Aed# tlat j ack tlmrmake ylz ylme }bl avvrkabl j tanme# kvmratkr yk}cd blkkm tk tanm

addjtjkeac hma}rm tk ckymr tlm kvvkemet) vrkoaojcjtz kg }bbmg}crmvkem ylme tlmz arm m|vkmd# }bl a }m kg djtrabtjke dmwjbm# mtb%#

ylme ijwme tlm kvtjke% O}t# jt j }}accz }ebmrtaje jg tlkm hma}rmjebc}djei okdz arhkr jtmcg yk}cd om mggmbtjwm% Gkr tlkm rmake# tlm

avvrkabl j }}accz ekt abbmvtaocm }ecm tlmrm j ae kvmratjkeac ko`mbtjwmae kvmratkr j yjccjei tk rjn dmatl gkr%

Ylme tlm mbked avvrkabl j tanme# kgtme lmawjmr arhkr tlat bkwmr hkrm

arma bkhvarmd tk okdz arhkr }md je bkeembtjke yjtl tlm ktlmr avvrkabl arm}md% Vrmgmraocz# tlat j yjtl tlm a}hvtjke tlat d}ratjke kg kvmratjke

yjcc om lkrt# o}t kvmratjke haz tanm ckeimr tjhm tlae m|vmbtmd%

A a taedard# tlm gjt avvrkabl tlat bkejdmr okdz arhkr a gajcagm cazmr

ylme acc ktlmr vrktmbtjke hma}rm gajcmd lk}cd om tanme% Aed# tlmrmlk}cd om ek a}hvtjke je tabtjb kr vcaeejei tlat okdz arhkr ijwm

kvmratkr aojcjtz tk dk khmtljei tlat tlmz ymrm ekt bavaocm kg yjtlk}t tlmokdz arhkr%

Lkymwmr# jg kvmratkr jewkc}etarjcz ikt je jt}atjke ylmrm m|vk}rm tkkvvkemet) attabn la acrmadz kbb}rrmd kr baeekt om awkjdmd# bkejdmratjke

lk}cd om ijwme tk lky tk ha|jhjpm tlm mggmbt kg okdz arhkr ykre%

Je khm bjrbcm# vmkvcm yk}cd adwkbatm tanjei vkt}rm tk hanm vart kg tlmokdz arhkr bkwmrjei tlm grket tkrk je a haeemr tlat tlm cjem grkh kvmratkr

tk kvvkemet lkktjei at tlm kvmratkr yk}cd om vmrvmedjb}car tk tlm arhkr%Tlm ari}hmet je }vvkrt kg tlm hma}rm j tlat vrmmetjei ha|jh}h }rgabm

bkwmrmd oz tlm arhkr tk tlm kvvkemet tlm kvmratkr j m|vkmd tk vrkwjdmha|jh}h vrktmbtjke%

Lkymwmr# tlm mggmbt aed tlm rjn }bl hma}rm la emmd tk om m|ahjemd%

Gjrt# blaeijei vkt}rm tk vcabm arhkr je bmrtaje djrmbtjke haz vrmwmet tlmkvmratkr grkh gkrhjei a lkktjei vcatgkrh hkt }jtmd gkr ha|jh}h i}eemrz

mggjbjmebz% Jg tlm tkrk j vkjtjkemd k tlat jt grket yjcc om djrmbtczvkjetmd at ae kvvkemet# jt yjcc rmq}jrm tlm kvmratkr ajhjei a rjgcm at tlm

kvvkemet tk trajiltme tlm }vvkrt arh hkrm tk lkcd a ahm vkt ke tlmrjgcm bkhvarmd tk ylme tlm tkrk j ae ae kocjq}m aeicm tk tlm kvvkemet

yljbl yk}cd hanm tlm }vvkrt arh jdm lk}cdmr bckmr tk ylmrm tlm }vvkrt

laed lkcd a rjgcm% Tlat haz rm}ct je ljedmrjei tlm lkktmr grkh imttjeimggjbjmet lkktjei vcatgkrh# dmvmedjei ke tlm tzvm kg lkktmr aed ymavke%

Actlk}il tlm jhvabt yk}cd ekt om a irmat je bam kg }jei vjtkc# }blhmtlkd tjcc bae vrmwmet ae kvmratkr grkh gkrhjei a lkktjei vcatgkrh tlm

kvmratkr j hkt mggjbjmet yjtl%

Ack# tlm grket jdm kg tkrk tlat la ha|jh}h arhkr bkwmraim gabjei a

djrmbtjke kocjq}m tk tlm kvmratkr tk kvvkemet cjem haz om omemgjbjacdmvmedjei ke tlm bjrb}htaebm# mvmbjaccz ylme kvmratkr j }tjcjpjei


29/57

ko`mbt tlat vrkwjdm vrktmbtjke tlat kecz hanm vart kg tlm kvmratkrm|vkmd%

Okdz arhkr dkm ekt tkv ae kvvkemet grkh attabnjei ae m|vkmd kvmratkr

ymarjei jt% Kecz# jebavabjtatjke kg tlm kvvkemet yk}cd% Rk# dmbrmajeimggjbjmebz kg jebavabjtatjei kvvkemet je krdmr tk ha|jhjpm okdz arhkr

bkwmraim j a jiejgjbaet jebrmam je rjn tlat emmd tk om bkhvarmdbarmg}ccz tk ylat omemgjt jt yk}cd orjei% Lkymwmr# jg tlm ad`}thmet je

lkktjei vkt}rm bae om dkem tk ha|jhjpm arhkr bkwmraim yjtl ek jiejgjbaetjhvabt je i}eemrz mggjbjmebz# }bl a ylme ae kvvkemet tlm kvmratkr j

m|vkmd tk j wmrz bckm# tlme jt haz om ykrtl dkjei k% Cjnm aeztljeimcm# jt}atjke blaeim abbkrdjei tk rjn tk omemgjt aeaczj%


30/57


31/57


32/57

1%1%=% Rjieat}rm Bketrkc%

Tlj jewkcwm hjejhjpjei aez jieat}rm tlat yjcc ijwm jegkrhatjke tkkvvkemet yljcm trzjei tk rmd}bm tlm mggkrt kg kvvkemet hjejhjpjei tlmjr

jieat}rm# aed dmtmbt kvvkemet) jieat}rm a h}bl a vkjocm% M|ahvcmkg jieat}rm arm a gkccky0

(Wj}ac avvmaraebm

(A}djk(_adjk bkhh}ejbatjke jieac

(Jegra _md(Lmat

_md}bjei dmtmbtaocm jieat}rm j }}accz dkem oz }tjcjpatjke kg bkebmachmet

kr ckymrjei tlm ahk}et kg jieat}rm jtmcg mhjttmd grkh tlm kvmratkr%

Bkebmachmet bae om aeztljei tlat ljedmr tlm kvvkemet) aojcjtz tk dmtmbttlm kvmratkr) jieat}rm% Hkt grmq}metcz }tjcjpmd tzvm j wj}ac

bkebmachmet# aed tlm ykrd }}accz rmgmr tk tlat kem% Rjebm tlmrm arm yazktlmr tlae mzm gkr a l}hae tk dmtmbt jieat}rm# hma}rm aiajet a}djk#vrm}rm# kr tmhvmrat}rm mekr bae ack om bkebmachmet% Rk# bkebmachmet

ykrn je kem kg tyk yaz0 Ockbnjei kr rmd}bjei a jieac grkh imttjei tk tlmkvvkemet) mekr# kr jetmrgmrjei kr at}ratjei tlm kvvkemet) mekr yjtl

ekjm jieac%

Kem kg tlm tljei tlat lk}cd om bkejdmrmd yljcm }tjcjpjei bkebmachmet jtlat kebm ae kvmratkr) vkjtjke j djbkwmrmd kvvkemet bae attabn tlm

kvmratkr) }vmbtmd vkjtjke mwme jg tlm kvvkemet baeekt djrmbtcz komrwmtlm kvmratkr% Kvmratkr haz lawm tk hkwm tk vkjtjke ylmrm tlmrm j

vrktmbtjke kr hkwm }ggjbjmet djtaebm tk hanm kvvkemet lard tk mtjhatmtlm kvmratkr emy ckbatjke tk awkjd }bl attabn%

Rjieat}rm bketrkc ack hmae rmwmacjei tlat kg tlm kvvkemet% Hmtlkd

jewkcwm rmd}bjei ekjm tk omttmr dmtmbt a}djk wj}ac jieat}rm kg kvvkemetaed mhvckzhmet kg mq}jvhmet tk dmtmbt jieat}rm ekt dmtmbtaocm oz l}hae

mem kr brmatjei a bkedjtjke tlat hanm kvvkemet) jieat}rm dmtmbtaocmoz l}hae mem%


33/57

1%1%=%1% Wj}ac jieat}rm%

Tlmrm arm e}homr kg hma}rm }md tk bketrkc wj}ac jieat}rm% Rkhm kgyljbl tlat yjcc om m|vcajemd arm a gkccky0

(Ockbnjei kvmratkr) wj}ac jieat}rm oz kvtjbac oarrjmr%

(_md}btjke kg kvmratkr) wj}ac jieat}rm oz haem}wmrjei aed

vkjtjkejei je cky cjilt arma%

(Brmatjke kg cky cjilt arma gkr kvmratkr tk haem}wmr aed vkjtjke ozbketrkccjei kr dmtrkzjei cjilt k}rbm je tlm mewjrkehmet%

(_md}btjke kg kvvkemet) vrkoaojcjtz kg kvmratkr rmbkiejtjke oz

bketrkccjei mcmbtjke kg bcktljei aed mq}jvhmet bkckr aed haem}wmrjei

aed vkjtjkejei je arma ylmrm oabnirk}ed yk}cd lawm ckymr bketratyjtl kvmratkr bcktljei aed mq}jvhmet%

(]m kg cjilt k}rbm tk komrwm darn arma kr ljedmr kvvkemet)komrwatjke mggkrt%

Kvtjbac Oarrjmr0

Tlmm arm kvaq}m ko`mbt bae ockbn tlm kvvkemet) wjmy# bkebmacjei tlmkvmratkr% Tlj j tlm tzvm tlat j bkhhkecz rmgmrrmd tk a /bkebmachmet%/

Tk }tjcjpm tlmm# ae kvmratkr lawm tk haem}wmr kr vkjtjke je a haeemr tlattlmm yk}cd om omtymme tlm kvmratkr aed ylmrm kvvkemet haz om%

Vartjac kvtjbac oarrjmr0

Rkhm ko`mbt lawm vabm tlat accky khm cjilt tk ik tlrk}il yljbl yjcc

rm}ct je ekt bkhvcmtmcz ockbnjei tlm wjmy kg ae ko`mbt omljed jt%Dmvmedjei ke tlm imkhmtrjbac rmcatjkeljv omtymme a vartjm jewkcwmd aed

tlm ko`mbt# kem vartz haz majcz dmtmbt aektlmr vartz oz mmjei tlrk}il tlmkvmejei kg tlat ko`mbt ylme tlat ko`mbt j ljedmrjei tlm ktlmr vartz)

aojcjtz tk dmtmbt tlm vartz tlat bae majcz komrwm tlat vartz% Kem m|ahvcm

kg ko`mbt tlat bae om a vartjac kvtjbac oarrjmr j wmimtatjke% A vmrketaedjei oz a vcaet haz om aocm tk mm tlrk}il tlm kvme vabm je tlm vabm

tlm vcaet okdz kbb}vjm tk mm ae kvvkemet# o}t tlm vrkoaojcjtz kg gkr tlmkvvkemet taedjei gartlmr grkh tlm ko`mbt tk dk tlm ahm tk dmtmbt tlm

vmrke haz om cky%

Tlj tzvm kg ko`mbt vrmmet a vrkocmh tlat ylmemwmr }bl ko`mbt j

vrmmet# tlm vmrke ylk j m|vkmd tk tlat ko`mbt j vktmetjaccz m|vkmd tkaez kvvkemet tlat haz om bkebmacmd oz tlat ko`mbt% Tlj ckymr tlm abb}rabz


34/57

kg kvmratkr rjn amhmet ylme aeaczpjei mewjrkehmet gkr haem}wmr krvkjtjkejei# mtb% Gkr m|ahvcm0 Kvmratjke je yjcdmrem ylmrm tlmrm arm ckt

kg vcaet tlrk}ilk}t tlm arma% Mwme jg kecz kem kvvkemet j komrwmd# aezvcaet je tlm arma bae om bkebmacjei ae kvvkemet ylk bae jhhmdjatmcz attabn

tlm komrwjei kvmratkr a kke a tlm kvmratkr m|vkm kemmcg oz lkktjeitlm komrwmd kvvkemet% Tlj orjei irmat ahoji}jtz gkr hanjei tlrmat

amhmet%

Bkckr# bketrat# aed orjiltem0

Ckymr tlm cjilt cmwmc ylmrm ae kvmratkr j# lardmr gkr ae kvvkemet tk

dmtmbt% Kvmratkr lk}cd vcae haem}wmrjei aed vkjtjkejei je a haeemr tlat

tlmz yk}cd om je arma tlat j darnmr bkhvarmd tk arma tlmz emmd tk komrwmkr ylmrm kvvkemet haz mhmrim grkh a h}bl a vkjocm% A vmrke mmnjei

bkebmachmet dkm ekt lawm tk om je tktac darnem gkr bkebmachmet ozdarnem tk ykrn% Jg tlm rmcatjwm ahojmet orjiltem kg tlm }rrk}edjeiarma j orjiltmr tlae tlm kvmratkr) ckbatjke yjtl mek}il djggmrmebm tk

jiejgjbaetcz kwmrvkymr tlm cjilt jieat}rm kg tlm kvmratkr# jt bae tjccykrn% Mwme jg ae kvmratkr) cjilt jieat}rm j dmtmbtmd# kvvkemet tjcc

lawm a vrkocmh kg rmbkiejtjke% Tlat hmae mwme jg ae komrwmr dmtmbt aeko`mbt# jt j lardmr gkr tlm komrwmr tk dmbjdm ylat tk dk aok}t jt jg tlm

komrwmr baeekt jdmetjgz ylat jt j% Bcktljei aed mq}jvhmet bkckrmd yjtljhjcar bkckr tk tlm oabnirk}ed j lardmr tk jdmetjgz% Jg tlm k}tcjem aed

ktlmr lavm gmat}rm j lardmr tk djtjei}jl grkh tlm oabnirk}ed# jt jack lardmr gkr ae komrwmr tk rmbkiejpm%

Tlm vrkocmh yjtl mcmbtjei mq}jvhmet bkckr tk hjejhjpm dmtmbtjke j tlat a

bkckr aed jt vattmre tlat ocmed ymcc yjtl a }rrk}edjei blaeim grkh armatk arma aed mwme abbkrdjei tk tjhm aed cjilt bkedjtjke% Tlmrm arm h}ctjvcm

vrkocmh aed hmtlkd tk haeaim tlat vrkocmh# aed cmt) m|ahjem a gmy%

Kem avvrkabl tk mcmbtjei a bkckr aed tm|t}rm jhjcar tk h}ctjvcmmewjrkehmetac oabnirk}ed j tk imt a bkckr aed tm|t}rm tlat rmvrmmet a

hmdjae awmraim kg tlm bkckr aed tm|t}rm kg acc m|vmbtmd kvmratjke arma%Tlj avvrkabl j bkhhkecz }md gkr haez hjcjtarz kriaejpatjke tlat la a

wmrz yjdm raeim kg kvmratjke arma tk bkwmr% Lkymwmr# tlj hmtlkd la a

vrkocmh tlat tlm hmdjae tlm awmraim bkckr aed tm|t}rm dkm ekt vartjb}carczocmed je ymcc yjtl aez vartjb}car mewjrkehmet jg tlat kg tlm mewjrkehmet

djggmr irmatcz grkh kem tk aektlmr% Lkymwmr# jt j cjnmcz tk ocmed je ymccbkhvarmd tk a bkckr aed tm|t}rm tlat j dmwmckvmd gkr kem vartjb}car

mewjrkehmet }md je ae mewjrkehmet tlat j djggmrmet grkh tlm mewjrkehmet

jt ya dmjiemd gkr%

Aektlmr avvrkabl j tk }m darnmr bkckr tk lmcv ocmed je omljed a orjiltmrko`mbt aed attrabt cm attmetjke% Aez bkckr tlat dkm ekt bkhhkecz m|jt


35/57

je tlm oabnirk}ed lk}cd om awkjdmd% Bkckr tlat la a tmedmebz tk attrabtattmetjke lk}cd ack om awkjdmd# }ecm jt j embmarz tk hanm ae

kvmratkr cm djtjei}jlaocm%

Jg ae komrwmr la ko`mbt je gkrmirk}ed aed ae kvmratkr hkwjei je tlmoabnirk}ed je arma# kvmratkr avvmarjei cm orjiltmr tlm gkrmirk}ed ko`mbt

yk}cd cjnmcz cmme tlm vrkoaojcjtz kg tlm kvmratkr omjei dmtmbtmd%Lkymwmr# jg tlm kvmratkr yjtl darn bkckr mq}jvhmet imt jetk a orjilt arma#

tlm darn bkckr yk}cd lawm omttmr bketrat aiajet tlm oabnirk}ed# hanjeitlm kvmratkr hkrm dmtmbtaocm% Tlm rmake ylz darnmr bkckr bkhvarmd tk

hmdjae awmraim bkckr haz om dmjraocm# mwme yjtl tlat rjn# j omba}m tlatrjn bae om bketrkccmd aed tlmrm haz om a irmat omemgjt omba}m kg tlm

haeemr kg haem}wmr aed vkjtjkejei rmq}jrmd je kvmratjke%

Gkr cky dmtmbtjke vrkoaojcjtz# kvmratkr haz kgtme vcae tk }m darnmr arma

aed awkjd omjei bketratmd aiajet orjilt bkckr oabnirk}ed gkr haem}wmr aedvkjtjkejei% Mvmbjaccz ylme ko`mbt tk vrktmbt kvmratkr grkh m|vk}rm j

}tjcjpmd# kvmratkr yk}cd cjnm tk gjed kemmcg yjtl ae ko`mbt bkwmrjei tlmkvmratkr je tlm gkrmirk}ed grkh kvvkemet) vkjet kg wjmy yjtl kvmratkr jermcatjwm darn jg tlm kvmratkr j komrwmd% Tlj yk}cd hmae jt yk}cd om

omemgjbjac tk }m bkckr tlat j darnmr tlae tlm awmraim bkckr orjiltem kgtlm metjrm arma% Lkymwmr# tlj j jg tlmrm j a darn arma kr ko`mbt tlat

bae om }md tk ljmcd kvmratkr awajcaocm% Rkhm tjhm# tlmrm arm ek }bltljei% Ack# }rgabm bkckr vattmre aed attablhmet tk djtkrt tlm

k}tcjem aed wjjocm gmat}rm avvmaraebm k tlat jt yk}cd ckkn djggmrmetgrkh ylat j m|vmbtmd arm ack }md%

Acc kg tlmm hmtlkd arm kgtme }md je bkhojemd haeemr% Kebm mq}jvhmet

yjtl bmrtaje bkckr aed jt vattmre arm mcmbtmd# kvmratkr) vkjtjkejei aedhaem}wmr vcae lk}cd jebkrvkratm hma}rm tk vcabm tlm kvmratkr ylmrm jt

j lardmr gkr komrwmr tk djtjei}jl oabnirk}ed grkh tlm mcmbtmdmq}jvhmet%

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

Ae kvmratkr h}t ack bketrkc aez actmratjke tk wj}ac avvmaraebm kg ae

arma ba}md oz tlm kvmratkr# je addjtjke tk djrmbt wj}ac m|vk}rm tkkvvkemet% Ae kvmratkr) ladky kr jhaim rmgcmbtmd ke rmgcmbtjwm }rgabm

bae rmwmac ae kvmratkr tk kvvkemet mwme jg kvvkemet dk ekt lawm djrmbt

cjem kg jilt tk tlm kvmratkr%

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((


36/57

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((Abtjwm cjilt k}rbm emmd tk om bketrkccmd% CMD kr CBD brmme ke mq}jvhmet

mhjttjei cjilt lk}cd om bketrkccmd% Mq}jvhmet lk}cd om bkegji}rmd je ayaz tlat jt yk}cd ekt mhjt cjilt ylme }mr dkm ekt m|vmbt jt tk% Cjilt

mhjjke grkh jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm lk}cd om acckymd kecz ylme embmjtzk}t ymjil tlm rjn%

Ylme cjilt mhjjke grkh jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm ke kvmratkr j ekt je }m# kr

tk hjejhjpm jt }m# ahojmet cjilt aed cjilt k}rbm tlat m|jtmd je tlmmewjrkehmet yk}cd om }md a h}bl a vkjocm% Mewjrkehmetac cjilt hmae

ahojmet cjilt aed cjilt grkh aez cjilt k}rbm vrkwjdmd oz tlm mewjrkehmet%Jt dkm ekt hattmr jg tlm cjilt k}rbm arm eat}rac kr artjgjbjac%

Tlm dmirmm kg }mg}c mewjrkehmetac cjilt yk}cd om ahk}et embmarz tkrmbkiejpm jg khmtljei tlat bahm je wj}ac bketabt j ae kvvkemet kr ekt

aed ylat njed kg tlrmat jt vkm% Jg tlm cjilt cmwmc j omcky tlat# jtyk}cd kgtme om embmarz tk }m ae jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm kr ktlmr hmblaejbactkkc tk komrwm ae arma%

Tlmrm bae om a jt}atjke ylmrm cjilt cmwmc j kecz mek}il gkr a dmtmbtjke

kr rmbkiejtjke kg a vmrke kr vmrke) abtjke tk a dmirmm tlat j ekt}ggjbjmet je dmtajc kr bcarjtz gkr ae kvmratkr tk abt ke% Jg tlmrm arm ek

omttmr actmreatjwm komrwatjke kvtjke# tlat cmwmc kg komrwatjke haz lawmtk om }tjcjpmd tk tlm omt kg ylat jt bae vrkwjdm%

Darnem adavtjke kg l}hae mzm0

Yjtl khm cmeitl kg tjhm# l}hae mzm bae ad`}t tk mm omttmr je darnemylme je darn% Vart kg l}hae mzm tlat mem cjilt arm djwjdmd je tk Bkem

aed _kd% Bkem arm hktcz rmvkejocm gkr mejei bkckr aed lavm tlatj }tjcjpmd tk rmbkiejpm ko`mbt ylme }ggjbjmet ahk}et kg cjilt m|jt%

_kd# ylme ijwme tjhm tk adavt tk darnem# bae om hkrm mejtjwm tk cjiltyljbl ijwm a vmrke aojcjtz tk komrwm ko`mbt tk khm dmirmm je a cjilt

cmwmc tlat yk}cd om je}ggjbjmet gkr Bkem tk ykrn vrkvmrcz% Tlm tjhm#abbkrdjei tk hz m|vmrjmebm# j avvrk|jhatmcz lacg ae lk}r% Lkymwmr# tlm

tjhm jt tanm gkr darnem adavtjke bae blaeim# dmvmedjei ke ylat cmwmc kg

cjilt kr njed kg cjilt a vmrke ya m|vkmd tk vrjkr tk tlm darnem# lkyckei tlm m|vk}rm tk tlat cjilt cmwmc ya# mtb%

Ack# wjjke tlrk}il _kd jev}t dkm ekt vrmmet vrmbjm jhaim kg komrwmd

ko`mbt je lavm kr bkckr% Ack# omba}m Bkem aed _kd arm vkjtjkemd je

mzm je a haeemr tlat _kd arm }rrk}edjei Bkem% Ylme cjilt cmwmc jje}ggjbjmet gkr Bkem# jt yk}cd cmawm a ocjed arma at tlm bmetmr kg tlm

jhaim a l}hae mm yljbl ya }vvkmd tk om a vart tlat Bkem vrkwjdm tlmjhaim% Tlat rmq}jrm a vmrke yjtl darnem adavtmd mzm tk hkwm tlm bmetmr


37/57

kg komrwatjke vkjet tk komrwm ae arma oz hkwjei kgg bmetmr kr vmrjvlmracwjjke arma% Ae ko`mbt kg jetmrmt yk}cd om komrwmd oz vcabjei tlm ko`mbt

kggmt tk tlm bmetmr ocjed arma kg tlm jhaim a vmrke mm%

Tlmrm arm haez hmdjbac cjtmrat}rm# hjcjtarz hae}ac# aed ktlmr dkb}hmettlat dmbrjom h}bl hkrm dmtajc% Gkr tlm v}rvkm kg tlj dkb}hmet# tlj

mbtjke j jetmedmd tk vrkwjdm oajb jegkrhatjke aok}t darnem adavtjke kgl}hae mzm# aed tk jegkrh tlat jt bae om }md tk rmbkiejpm }rrk}edjei

mewjrkehmet aed dmtmbt vmkvcm tk khm dmirmm je cjhjtmd bjrb}htaebm ylmrmek cjilt k}rbm j awajcaocm kr }m kg jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm j ekt

gmajocm% Actlk}il jt haz om }md tk dmtmbt vmkvcm# o}t jt vrkoaocz yk}cdekt om }ggjbjmet gkr rmbkiejtjke kg ylat vartz tlkm vmkvcm omckei tk kr

ylat tlmjr abtjke arm%

Tlj }md tk bkejt tlm o}cn kg }o`mbt kg bkhoat je darnem% O}t# jt

barrjm cm jiejgjbaebm je tlj bketm|t% Kvmratjke ylmrm haez dzeahjbcjilt k}rbm m|jt je tlm mewjrkehmet# }bl a }roae arma# la cky

vrkoaojcjtz kg ijwjei kvmratkr mek}il tjhm je darnem gkr tlmjr mzm tkadavt tk darnem% Ack# darnem adavtmd wjjke tjcc emmd khm dmirmm kgahojmet cjilt# aed yk}cd ekt ykrn je tktac darnem% Jt rajm rjn je

jt}atjke ylmrm tarimt aed a tzvm kg tlrmat a tarimt vkm emmd tk omjdmetjgjmd omba}m tlm jhaim vrkwjdmd oz darnem adavtmd wjjke j ekt

bcmar mek}il gkr tlat v}rvkm% Aed# ylme attabn emmd tk om dkem# kvmratkryk}cd tjcc hkt cjnmcz lawm tk }m khm krt kg jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm kr

ktlmr hmblaejbac komrwatjke dmwjbm je krdmr tk ajh ymavke# jebm tlmjhaim vrkwjdmd oz darnem adavtmd l}hae mzm yk}cd ekt om bcmar mek}il gkr

tlat mjtlmr%

M|bmvt gkr jt}atjke }bl a khm hjcjtarz kvmratjke ylmrm kvmratkr armtazjei tjcc je darnem aed a}hjei aez vmrke dmtmbtmd je a bmrtaje

arma bae om attabnmd yjtlk}t rmbkiejtjke mggkrt# jt }tjcjtz j wmrzcjhjtmd% Mwme je a hjcjtarz# kcdjmr kg hkdmrejpmd hjcjtarz vmed hkt kg

tlmjr tjhm je darnem ckknjei tlrk}il hmblaejbac komrwatjke dmwjbm }bla J_ bahmra# kr kvmratjei jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm%

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

]m kg cjilt0

Aez cjilt mhjttjei grkh mq}jvhmet barrjmd oz kvmratkr jebrmam rjn kg

dmtmbtjke% Je krdmr tk hjejhjpm }bl cjilt mhjjke# kvmratkr emmd tk }mm|jtjei ahojmet cjilt a h}bl a vkjocm%


38/57

Em|t tljei tk bkejdmr j abtjwatjei cjilt dmwjbm tlat arm acrmadz je tlmmewjrkehmet% Oktl tlm cjilt grkh dmwjbm barrjmd oz ae kvmratkr kr tlat

grkh ktlmr jcc}hjeatjke dmjwbm je tlm arma haz om mme oz kvvkemet# o}tkvvkemet baeekt vrmdjbt kvmratkr) hkwmhmet vattmre oz komrwjei cjilt

tlat dkm ekt blaeim yjtl kvmratkr) hkwmhmet% Ack# cjilt grkhjcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm tlat krjijeaccz m|jtmd je tlm arma haz dray cm

attmetjke tlae cjilt bkhjei grkh aez tzvm kg jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm tlatavvmar tk om lmcd oz a vmrke%

_miardcm kg yljbl jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm tlat j }md# jt lk}cd om }md je

a yaz tlat yk}cd rm}ct je jcc}hjeatjei tlm arma kvmratkr emmd tk mmyljcm jcc}hjeatjei kratkr a cm a vkjocm%

Dmirmm kg cjilt ke }rgabm je }rrk}edjei arma# ekt kecz tlm dmirmm kg

cjilt ke kvmratkr# ack aggmbt vrkoaojcjtz kg kvmratkr omjei m|vkmd%

Mwme jg kvmratkr j ekt jcc}hjeatmd# kvmratkr) k}tcjem bae om bcmarczwjjocm oz bketrat jg tlm oabnirk}ed kg kvmratkr arm orjilt mek}il grkh

komrwmr) vkjet kg wjmy%

Kvvkemet haz ack }m tlm cjilt bkedjtjke tk tlmjr adwaetaim% Kvmratkr

emmd a vcae ek lky tk laedcm mebk}etmr yjtl arma ylmrm cjilt bkedjtjkedkm ekt accky kvmratkr tk mm ylat j jejdm yjtl mzm kecz%

]m kg gcalcjilt0

Hkt bkhhke hmtlkd kg dmacjei yjtl arma tkk darn gkr ae kvmratkr tk mmyjtl mzm kecz j }m kg jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm }bl a laed lmcd

gcalcjilt% Tk }m jt gkr ajd je arma komrwatjke j a jhvcm hattmr kgt}rejei a gcalcjilt ke yjtl tlm omah vrk`mbtmd ke tlm arma tlm kvmratkr

jetmed tk komrwm% Hkt bkhhke hmtlkd j tk djrmbt tlm omah k tlat tlmvart kg tlm arma ae kvmratkr yaet tk komrwm j djrmbtcz jcc}hjeatmd oz

tlm omah% Lkymwmr# tlmrm j ack a hmtlkd kg jedjrmbt jcc}hjeatjke%Ylme jetmejtz kg tlm cjilt jcc}hjeatjei tarimt ko`mbt j tkk orjilt#

ljedmrjei komrwatjke# jedjrmbt jcc}hjeatjke bae om }md% Jedjrmbt

jcc}hjeatjke bae ack om }md gkr jcc}hjeatjei ko`mbt tlat kvmratkrbaeekt djrmbtcz dk k djrmbtcz% Jedjrmbt jcc}hjeatjke bae ack om }md tk

jcc}hjeatm ae arma h}bl yjdmr tlae tlm yjdtl kg tlm omah jg tlm jetmejtzkg tlm omah rmgcmbtmd grkh ae ko`mbt tlm omah j tk}bljei j orjilt mek}il%

Lkymwmr# jt rmq}jrm ae ko`mbt a omah grkh tlm gcalcjilt bae om rmgcmbtmd

grkh# yjtl a vart kg jt }rgabm aeicmd ke a yaz tlat yk}cd mggmbtjwmczrmgcmbt omah grkh gcalcjilt je dmjrmd djrmbtjke%

Omah kg cjilt yk}cd ack jcc}hjeatm vartjbcm je tlm ajr je tlm vatl kg tlm


39/57

omah% Tlj ckymr tlm wjjojcjtz kg aez ko`mbt kvmratkr j trzjei tkjcc}hjeatm yjtl tlm omah% Lkymwmr# jg tlm gcal cjilt j vcabmd hkrm kggmt

grkh tlm kvmratkr) cjei kg jilt tk tlm ko`mbt# k tlat tlm kvmratkr)cjem kg jilt yk}cd lawm cm bkewmrimebm yjtl tlm omah# kvmratkr yk}cd

lawm cm jcc}hjeatmd vartjbcm je tlm cjem kg jilt%

Aektlmr ljedraebm tk komrwatjke j jcc}hjeatjei ko`mbt omljed atraevarmet aed rmgcmbtjwm ko`mbt }bl a ica yacc% Vart kg tlm omah

yk}cd om rmgcmbtmd# aed aez omah rmgcmbtmd tkyard tlm kvmratkr yk}cdljedmr komrwaojcjtz% Kvmratkr yk}cd lawm tk bketrkc tlm vkjtjke kg tlm

gcalcjilt omjei }md# k tlat tlm omah yk}cd om kggmt kr je ae aeicm tlatrmgcmbtjke yk}cd ekt djrmbtcz imt jetk tlm kvmratkr) mzm% Aektlmr hmtlkd

j tk vcabm tlm gcalcjilt cme bckm kr djrmbtcz ke tlm ica k tlatgcalcjilt jtmcg yk}cd bkwmr hkt kg tlm rmgcmbtmd cjilt%

Hkt jiejgjbaet rjn }m kg gcalcjilt vkm j tlat jt bae acmrt aezkvvkemet tlat bae mm tlm cjilt grkh tlm gcalcjilt mjtlmr djrmbtcz kr

jedjrmbtcz tlat kvmratkr arm vrmmet je tlm arma% Gkr tlj rmake }m kgcjilt lk}cd om hjejhjpmd tk ylme jt j embmarz% Jg a omah jcc}hjeatm aeko`mbt emar oz kvmratkr# jt bae rm}ct je tlm kvmratkr omjei jedjrmbtcz

jcc}hjeatmd% Rk jt h}t om awkjdmd a h}bl a vkjocm% Hkwjei yjtl agcalcjilt ke haz adwmrtjm hkwmhmet vattmre kg tlm gcalcjilt omarmr tk a

vmrke ylk bae mm tlm cjilt%

Lkymwmr# tlmrm arm jt}atjke ylmrm jt j ekt awkjdaocm% Je bkhvcmtmdarnem kr ylme tlmrm je)t aez }ggjbjmet cjilt grkh ktlmr cjilt k}rbm#

t}rejei ke ae jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm haz om tlm kecz yaz kvmratkr bae mmtljei tk vmrgkrh embmarz tan% Ylme a gcalcjilt ya t}remd ke#

kvmratkr lk}cd bkejdmr hkwjei ayaz grkh vkjtjke ylmrm tlm cjilt yat}remd ke# jg gmajocm% Kvmratkr bae ack om ke tlm hkwm yljcm }jei a

cjilt% Je aez bam# tlm d}ratjke kg tlm cjilt omjei ke lk}cd om ek ckeimrtlae embmarz% Kvmratkr bae nmmv hkwjei je tlat vattmre tk hanm jt

djggjb}ct gkr ae komrwmr tk vrmdjbt kvmratkr) ckbatjke oz komrwjei cjiltgrkh gcalcjilt%

Jg a gcalcjilt }md oz ae kvmratkr lawm mek}il orjiltem# kvmratkr bae

}m jedjrmbt cjiltjei hmtlkd tk jcc}hjeatm arma tlmz jetmed tk komrwm%Tlat hmtlkd yjcc hanm jt djggjb}ct gkr kvvkemet) vkjocz komrwjei tlm

omah tk vrmdjbt tlm m|abt ckbatjke kg tlm kvmratkr oz trabjei tlm omah%

Ylme a vrktmbtjke ko`mbt j }tjcjpmd# ae kvmratkr bae }m M|vk}rm Vkjet

Hkwmhmet Tmblejq}m m|vcajemd je /]tjcjpatjke kg vrktmbtjwm ko`mbt/mbtjke% Jt j ack vkjocm tk hanm tlm gcalcjilt aed ktlmr vart kg tlm

kvmratkr mhmrim grkh djggmrmet vkjet%

]m kg gcalcjilt bae ack om bkhojemd yjtl Hkhmetarz M|vk}rm Tmblejq}m #

yljbl haz ack om bkhojemd yjtl hkwjei ayaz grkh cat vkjet kg cjiltmhjjke# tk vrmwmet kvvkemet) mggmbtjwm trabnjei kg kvmratkr) vkjtjke%


40/57

Aektlmr yaz tk rmd}bm tlm mggmbtjwmem kg kvvkemet) mggkrt tk trabn

kvmratkr) vkjtjke oz komrwjei omah grkh kvmratkr) jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbmj tk }m cjilt grkh jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm tlat j ekt ke tlm kvmratkr)

vmrke% Tlj yjcc om rmgmrrmd tk a /Dmtablmd Cjilt Rk}rbm/ grkh eky ke%Dmtablmd cjilt k}rbm bae om }md tk jcc}hjeatm ae arma yjtlk}t tlm cjilt

k}rbm bketaetcz omjei barrjmd oz kvmratkr yljcm jt j ke% A cjilt bae omdmcjwmrmd tk arma yjtl je}ggjbjmet cjilt ylmrm kvmratkr jetmed tk komrwm

oz aez hmae gmajocm% A a jhvcjgjmd m|ahvcm0 Ae jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm baeom tlrkye jetk darn arma ae kvmratkr yaet tk komrwm% Aektlmr m|ahvcm j a

carim gckkd cjilt vcabmd tk jcc}hjeatm ae arma kvmratkr emmd tk komrwmyljcm kvmratkr haem}wmr khm djtaebm ayaz grkh tlm cjilt k}rbm% A hacc

gcalcjilt yjtl }ggjbjmet orjiltem bae ack om }md je tlm aokwmm|ahvcm# dmvmedjei ke tlm bjrb}htaebm% Lkymwmr# tlj hmtlkd bae vkm

rjn jg ae kvmratkr }m kem) kecz jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm gkr jt% Gkr warjk}

rmake# kvmratkr lk}cd lawm hkrm tlae kem jcc}hjeatjke tkkc ke tlmh%

Dmtablmd cjilt k}rbm ckymr tlm mggmbtjwmem kg kvvkemet) mtjhatjke kgkvmratkr) ckbatjke oz trabnjei cjilt grkh kvmratkr) jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm#ylme bmrtaje bkedjtjke arm hmt% Jt djakbjatm kvmratkr) tjhm aed

ckbatjke grkh tlat kg ae jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm yljbl jt cjilt j komrwmd ozae kvvkemet% Ylme ae arma kg jetmrmt bae om jcc}hjeatmd grkh a ckbatjke

djggmrmet grkh tlat kg ae kvmratkr# a dmtablmd cjilt k}rbm vcabmd je tlatdjggmrmet ckbatjke yk}cd ekt rmwmac tlm kvmratkr) ckbatjke% Lkymwmr# tlmrm

arm tjhm ylme vcabjei a dmtablmd jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm a jiejgjbaetdjtaebm ayaz grkh kvmratkr) vkjet kg komrwatjke tk jcc}hjeatm ae arma kg

jetmrmt j ekt gmajocm% Je tlat bam# jt j tjcc vkjocm gkr aekvmratkr tk vcabm a dmtablmd jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm je a ckbatjke jt bae

jcc}hjeatm ae arma kg jetmrmt aed hkwm ayaz# tlme vcabm kemmcg je vkjetkg komrwatjke emar tlm jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm at a djggmrmet tjhm% Tlat hmae

ae kvvkemet baeekt rmcjaocz a}hm tlmrm j ae kvmratkr emar tlm cjiltk}rbm# mwme jg tlm kvvkemet neky ae kvmratkr yk}cd lawm tk om emar tlm

cjilt k}rbm je krdmr tk komrwm tlm arma kg jetmrmt%

Lkymwmr# a hmetjkemd marcjmr# bmrtaje bkedjtjke emmd tk om hmt je krdmrgkr tlm hmtlkd tk lawm mggmbt% Gjrt# tlm cjilt grkh tlm dmtablmd cjilt

k}rbm h}t ekt jcc}hjeatm tlm kvmratkr }jei tlm cjilt tk a jiejgjbaetdmirmm mjtlmr oz djrmbt kr jedjrmbt cjilt je a haeemr tlat yk}cd

jiejgjbaetcz jebrmam tlm vrkoaojcjtz kg kvmratkr omjei dmtmbtmd oz

kvvkemet ylk haz om je }em|ahjemd arma% Aez cjilt vrmmet yk}cd jebrmamahojmet cjilt cmwmc oz warjk} rmgcmbtjke k}rbm# k ahojmet cjilt kr

jedjrmbt cjilt jebrmajei jcc}hjeatjke ke ae kvmratkr je tlm arma j ektbkhvcmtmcz awkjdaocm% Tlm hmtlkd ack lk}cd ekt om m|mb}tmd je a haeemr

tlat tlm cjilt yk}cd bat a ladky wjjocm tk ae kvvkemet ylk haz om je

}em|ahjemd arma% Aed# jt lk}cd ekt om dkem je a haeemr tlat yk}cd brmatma orjiltmr oabnirk}ed omljed ae kvmratkr# hanjei tlm kvmratkr) k}tcjem

hkrm vrkek}ebmd# grkh vkjet kg wjmy kg ae kvvkemet ylk haz om je }em|ahjemdarma%


41/57

Tlmrm arm khm vrkocmh ae kvmratkr emmd tk dmac yjtl ylme }jei dmtablmd

cjilt k}rbm% Kem j lky tk vcabm a a dmtablmd cjilt k}rbm je a ckbatjkejt emmd tk om je krdmr tk jcc}hjeatm ae arma kvmratkr yaet tk komrwm% Jg

tlm vcabm j ke kr emar a vatl tlm kvmratkr la acrmadz trawmcmd tlrk}il#tlme imttjei tk tlm vkjtjke ylmrm tlm cjilt k}rbm bae om vcabmd j cm

kg a vrkocmh% Lkymwmr# tlm ckbatjke ylmrm tlm cjilt k}rbm emmd tk omvcabmd haz om ylmrm ae kvmratkr yk}cd lawm tk rjn m|vk}rm tk }em|ahjemd

arma je krdmr tk rmabl% Jg tlm tjhm kg m|vk}rm tk vcabm a cjilt k}rbm attlm ckbatjke j lkrt mek}il tk }m hkhmetarz m|vk}rm tmblejq}m# }}accz

ylme djtaebm tk tlm ckbatjke j lkrt# tlme hkhmetarz m|vk}rm tmblejq}mbae om }md% ]m kg djrmbtjkeac cjilt dmwjbm tlat vrk`mbt cjilt je cjhjtmd

raeim kg djrmbtjke# cjnm hkt gcalcjilt# yk}cd om vrmgmraocm omba}mkhej(djrmbtjkeac cjilt dmwjbm la ljilmr vrkoaojcjtz kg ack jcc}hjeatjei

tlm kvmratkr }jei tlat hmtlkd jg tlm kvmratkr j ekt k gar grkh tlm cjilt

k}rbm% Jg ae kvmratkr yk}cd om m|vkmd tk }em|ahjemd arma tk rmabl tlmckbatjke ylmrm tlm cjilt k}rbm emmd tk om vcabmd tkk ckei# jg tlm

kvmratkr trawmc tk tlm ckbatjke# tlm kvmratkr emmd tk bkejdmr djggmrmethmtlkd kr yaz tk dmcjwmr tlm cjilt k}rbm tk tlm ckbatjke yjtlk}ttrawmcjei tk tlm ckbatjke% Jg tlmrm j a yaz tk dmcjwmr a cjilt k}rbm tk

tlm dmjrmd ckbatjke yjtlk}t trawmcjei tk tlm ckbatjke yjtlk}t rajjeiktlmr rjn# jt yk}cd om vrmgmraocm je acc vrmwjk}cz hmetjkemd bam kg

dmtablmd cjilt k}rbm }m# gkr rmake tlat yjcc om m|vcajemd je tlmgkcckyjei%

Kebm tlm cjilt k}rbm j vcabmd# tlm kvmratkr ylk vcabmd jt tlmrm }}accz

lk}cd jhhmdjatmcz hkwm ayaz grkh tlm jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm je tlm ahmhaeemr kg Emiatmd Bkebmachmet vrkbmd}rm dmbrjomd je /Bketabt Haeaimhmet/

mbtjke% Kem rmake j tlat tlm jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm yk}cd om jhhmdjatmczabtjwatmd }vke vcabmhmet# jebm jt j ljilcz }ecjnmcz dmwjbm }bl a hkt

gcalcjilt }md gkr tlm hmtlkd yk}cd om dmjiemd tk om rmhktmcz kvmratmdgkr tlj njed kg avvcjbatjke# aed tlm arma emar tlm abtjwatmd cjilt haz

rmbmjwm jebkhjei gjrm lkrtcz agtmr tlm abtjwatjke kg tlm cjilt% Tlj hazekt om h}bl kg a vrkocmh jg tlm kvmratkr la vcabmd tlm cjilt je tlm

ckbatjke }edmr vrktmbtjke kg ae ko`mbt tlat yk}cd ljmcd tlm kvmratkr grkhi}e gjrm% Aektlmr rmake j tlat ae kvmratkr haz om rmabljei jetk ae arma

tlat j je wmrz bckm vrk|jhjtz tk }em|ahjemd arma je krdmr tk rmabl tlmckbatjke kg tlm jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm vcabmhmet# aed tlmrm haz om ae kvvkemet

ljddme je tlat bckm }em|ahjemd arma% Kvmratkr haz lawm tk avvrkabl tlm

jcc}hjeatjke dmwjbm) ckbatjke aiaje# jg tlm ckbatjke kr arma emar jt jtlm kecz arma awajcaocm gkr tlm kvmratkr tk komrwm tlm jcc}hjeatmd arma

tlm kvmratkr emmd tk komrwm% Lkymwmr# ae kvvkemet yk}cd ekt om aocm tkneky ylme ae kvmratkr yk}cd om emar tlm cjilt k}rbm%

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((


42/57

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

_mcatjwm cjilt adwaetaim0

Gkr tlm v}rvkm kg hjejhjpjei wj}ac dmtmbtjke aed rmbkiejtjke kg aekvmratkr oz kvvkemet# kvmratkr yk}cd0

(Hjejhjpm cjilt mhjjke

(Haem}wmr aed vkjtjke je arma rmcatjwmcz cky cjilt cmwmc bkhvarmd tk

vkjocm ckbatjke kg kvvkemet%

(Haem}wmr aed vkjtjke je arma ylmrm wjmy kg kg tlm kvmratkr) ckbatjkegrkh vkjocm kvvkemet) ckbatjke vkjet kg wjmy yk}cd lawm cmat bketrat

omtymme ae kvmratkr aed kvmratkr) oabnirk}ed mjtlmr je bkckr kr cmwmc kg

cjilt%

Tlmrm arm ack jt}atjke ylmrm kvmratkr baeekt awkjd omjei m|vkmd tkcjilt% Tlmrm bae ack om ae arma ylmrm ae kvmratkr yk}cd om m|vkmd tk tlatj rmcatjwmcz darnmr tlae tlm kvmratkr) ckbatjke# aed tlm kvmratkr haz

ack lawm djggjb}ctz mmjei ylmtlmr jg tlat darn arma bketaje a tlrmat%Tlmrm j ae kvtjke kg cjiltjei }v tlkm darnmr arma tlat kvmratkr arm

m|vkmd tk# jg m|vk}rm tk tlkm arma j ekt awkjdaocm aed rjn kg cmawjeitlm arma darn j irmatmr tlae vkjocm m|vk}rm oz mhjttjei cjilt oz }m gk

gcalcjilt# mtb%


43/57


44/57

Dmtrkzjei cjiltjei dmwjbm ekt ykrnjei je kvmratkr) gawkr j aektlmr

kvtjke tk bkejdmr%(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((H}ppcm ocat0

Ylme a gjrmarh j djblarimd# tlmrm haz om mhjjke kg wj}ac jieat}rm je

gkrh kg gcal aed hknm% H}ppcm ocat jhvabt ke ko`mbt emar h}ppcm baeack imemratm tljei# }bl a d}t hknm ba}md oz h}ppcm ocat jhvabt ke

d}tz }rgabm emar tlm h}ppcm# tlat m|vkm tlm lkktmr%

Yljcm kvmratkr lk}cd om ayarm kg a vkjojcjtz kg m|vk}rm oz h}ppcmocat aed tanm embmarz ba}tjke# tlj lk}cd ekt om rmcjmd ke a a

dmtmbtjke hmtlkd% Hkdmre ahh}ejtjke o}re vrkvmccaet yjtl ljilmr mggjbjmebztlae tlat kg tlm vat# aed dmvmedjei ke tlm i}e aed ahh}ejtjke bkhojeatjke

mebk}etmrmd# wj}ac jieat}rm grkh h}ppcm ocat haz om wmrz lard tk dmtmbt%


45/57

Tlmrm bae om wmrz cjttcm gcal yljbl j lard tk dmtmbt mwme at ejilt tjhm%Lawjei a vrjkr tlk}ilt rmiardjei lky tk rmabt ylme }bl gcal j komrwmd

haz lmcv# o}t jt lk}cd ekt om a taedard hmtlkd tk rmcz ke jt dmtmbtjke%Mwme jg a gcal j komrwmd# jt haz ekt jedjbatm tlm jdmetjtz kg tlm vartz

tlat gjrmd tlm i}e tlm gcal ya mhjttmd grkh aed ylat tlm tarimt ya%

Ack# gkr vrktmbtjke# mggjbjmet gcal }vvrmkr bae om kg irmat omemgjtylme addjtjke kg tlm dmwjbm dkm rmq}jrm jiejgjbaet ymjilt kr jpm

jebrmam tlat ba}m vrkocmh yjtl mggmbtjwm kvmratjke% Tlat yk}cd om tlmbam yjtl hkt rjgcm# o}t jetaccatjke kg }bl dmwjbm bae om a vrkocmh

yjtl hkt vjtkc%

R}vvrmkr arm dmjiemd vrjharjcz gkr tlm v}rvkm kg rmd}btjke kg i}e lktekjm# lkymwmr jt bae ajd jiejgjbaetcz je rmd}bjei h}ppcm gcal%

(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((


46/57

1%1%=%?% A}djk jieat}rm%

A}djk jieat}rm ack emmd tk om hjejhjpmd% O}t# jt j ekt vrabtjbac tkm|vmbt aez kvmratkr bae om vmrgmbtcz jcmet% Mwme a bkhvcmtmcz jcmet

ko`mbt bae acmrt a vmrke omba}m tlm ko`mbt omjei jetrkd}bmd jetk a vabmyk}cd actmr tlm yaz ahojmet ekjm j vrkvaiatmd je tlm vabm# yljbl j kem

yaz a vmrke gmmc aektlmr vmrke) vrmmebm mwme ylme tlm vmrke djd ektlmar aeztljei tlat jiejgjm a l}hae avvrkabljei%

Ahojmet ekjm lk}cd om }tjcjpmd tk bkebmac k}ed hadm oz kvmratkr a

h}bl a vkjocm% Hmae tk imemratm ahojmet ekjm bae ack ajd jebkebmachmet% Lkymwmr# }bl ekjm bae ack ljedmr kvmratkr) aojcjtz tk lmar

k}ed imemratmd oz kvvkemet%

Mq}jvhmet lk}cd om bkegji}rmd je a yaz tlat jt yk}cd ekt mhjt k}ed ylme

}mr dkm ekt m|vmbt jt tk% Acarh kr gmat}rm tlat hanm ommvjei k}ed mwmrzlk}r ke yatblm lk}cd om djaocmd% Kvmratkr emmd tk om ba}tjk} gkr ekjmimemratmd grkh radjk# jg radjk arm je }m% Mq}jvhmet tlat emmd grmq}met

ad`}thmet tlat imemratm ekjm lk}cd om awkjdmd% Jg ae mq}jvhmet la avmanmr# taedard vcae gkr kvmratjei }bl mq}jvhmet lk}cd om tk lawm jt

wkc}hm a cky a vkjocm kr vmanmr nmvt kgg m|bmvt gkr hkhmet ylme ak}ed grkh tlm vmanmr j emmdmd% Kvmratjei }bl mq}jvhmet yjtl vcae kg

ekrhaccz nmmvjei wkc}hm ck}d aed t}rejei tlm wkc}hm dkye ylme emmdmd la aljil cjnmcz lkkd kg kvmratkr gkrimttjei tk ckymr tlm wkc}hm kr imttjei je

jt}atjke ylmrm tlmrm j ek kvvkrt}ejtz tk ad`}t tlm wkc}hm% ]mmq}jvhmet }bl a kg mar vjmbm kr lmadvlkem tlat gkb} k}ed emar }mr)

mar tlat hanm k}ed a}djocm yjtlk}t ljil wkc}hm lmcv hjejhjpm k}edjieat}rm jg tlmrm j a emmd tk hkejtkr a}djk jieac kr bkhh}ejbatjke

tlrk}il mcmbtrkejb mq}jvhmet% Tlj ylmrm mar h}gg yjtl lmadvlkem tlatvrkwjdm k}ed grkh }rrk}edjei aed a}djk jieac kr bkhh}ejbatjke grkh

radjk tk tlm }mr j ack }mg}c%


47/57

1%1%=%2% J_ jieat}rm%

J_ jhaijei dmwjbm arm imttjei hkrm aed hkrm aggkrdaocm% Tlmrhac bahmra#actlk}il ekt a aggkrdaocm a J_ dmwjbm# arm omjei kggmrmd ke tlm harnmt

gkr imemrac v}ocjb je bmrtaje arma% J aetjbjvatm bkhvcm| }rwmjccaebm aedmcmbtrkejb yargarm dmwjbm tlat arm eky hadm hae vkrtaocm tk om

jebrmajeicz jewkcwmd je jedjwjd}ac cmwmc hacc arh bkhoat% Je tlmhjcjtarz mbtkr# hae vkrtaocm radjk traehjjke dmtmbtjke dmwjbm j eky a

rmacjtz%

Tlm oajb vrjebjvcm tk bk}etmr tk hjejhjpm jieat}rm je rmiard tk J_ krtlmrhac dmwjbm arm ekt k djggmrmet grkh tlat kg hjejhjpjei wj}ac

jieat}rm% Tlm haje djggmrmebm j tlat tlkm hmblaejbac dmwjbm mm tljeije djggmrmet raeim kg grmq}mebz% Hkt kg tlmh dk ekt ijwm tlm }mr tlm

aojcjtz tk djtjei}jl bkckr% Yljbl cjhjt tlm aojcjtz tk rmbkiejpm ko`mbt

oz bkckr bketrat ke tlm brmme kecz% Hkt vrjebjvcm je dmacjei yjtlwj}ac jieat}rm avvcz tlm ahm% Rjebm hkt cjilt k}rbm tlat mhjt wjjocm

cjilt ack mhjt J_# ladmd arma j ack lardmr tk mm yjtl J_ dmwjbm#actlk}il a ckt majmr tlae eanmd mzm%

Jt ykrn oz dmtmbtjei ahojmet J_ rmgcmbtmd grkh ko`mbt# k tlmrm h}t om ak}rbm je tlm mewjrkehmet# }bl a hkke kr tar cjilt# mhjttjei J_ tlat

brmatm ahojmet J_ kr ae artjgjbjac J_ mhjttmr dmwjbm% Tlat hmae jeaomebm kg J_ mhjttmr dmwjbm# jt yjcc ekt ykrn ylmrm tlmrm j ektljei tk

vrkwjdm ahojmet J_# }bl a hkt bam kg omjei jejdm kg a tr}bt}rm yjtlek cjilt ke aed ek kvmejei gkr J_ grkh k}tjdm tk bkhm je%

A omah kg cjilt djrmbtmd tk J_ mekr bae om mggmbtjwm je `ahhjei J_

komrwatjke dmwjbm% Jt bae brmatm icarm% Ack# jt bae ack trjiimr avrktmbtjke hmblaejh kg bmrtaje J_ dmwjbm tk rmd}bm jev}t k tlat tlm

cjilt tkk orjilt gkr tlm dmwjbm yk}cd ekt dahaim jt# yljbl yk}cd rm}ct jermd}bmd dmtmbtjke bavaojcjtz%

Tlmrhac dmwjbm ykrn oz dmtmbtjei J_ cjilt imemratmd oz lmat kg tlm ko`mbt

jtmcg% Omba}m kg tlat# jt dkm ekt rmq}jrm aez ahojmet J_ cjilt gkr jt tkkvmratm% Jt j rmcatjwmcz hkrm djggjb}ct tk vrktmbt kvmratkr omjei

dmtmbtmd oz jt# omba}m jhvcz lawjei ae ko`mbt ockbn a djrmbt cjem kgjilt yk}cd om je}ggjbjmet% Jg okdz lmat yarh }v tlm kvmratkr)

}rrk}edjei ko`mbt# jt yjcc om dmtmbtaocm# mwme jg tlm ko`mbt ockbn djrmbt

cjem kg jilt grkh tlm dmwjbm% Aed# tlm tzvm kg J_ cjilt j ack bavaocm kgikjei tlrk}il tljei tlat yk}cd ockbn wjjocm kr J_ raeim cjilt }md oz

rmi}car J_ dmwjbm# ijwjei tlm }mr tk mm tlrk}il bmrtaje tzvm aed dmirmmkg hknm kr khm tzvm kg gaorjb% Lkymwmr# }jei ko`mbt tk ockbn dmtmbtjke

yjcc ykrn# jg tlm ko`mbt j dmem mek}il aed kvmratkr aggmbtjei tlm

tmhvmrat}rm kg tlm ko`mbt# cjnm yarhjei tlm ko`mbt yjtl okdz lmat# bae omvrmwmetmd% Je }bl bam# tlm ko`mbt }md gkr ljmcdjei jtmcg lk}cd ekt

om khmtljei tlat dray attmetjke je wjmy kg tlmrhac dmwjbm% Tlmrhacjieat}rm kg }bl ko`mbt lk}cd ocmed je yjtl tlat kg ko`mbt je


48/57

}rrk}edjei mewjrkehmet%

Jt bae dmtmbt wmrz hjejhac lmat imemratmd oz jetmrabtjke omtymme ko`mbt%Gkr m|ahvcm# wmrz hjejhac lmat ke a rkad ba}md oz wmljbcm omjei drjwme

kwmr jt haz cmawm a lmat trajc ke tlm rkad wjjocm tk tlmrhac dmwjbm gkrbmrtaje d}ratjke mwme agtmr tlm wmljbcm la hkwmd ayaz% Jt bae tmcc jg a

bar meijem j yarh kr ekt# aed dmtmbt lmat traegmrrmd grkh ae kvmratkr )laed ke ko`mbt ylme tlm kvmratkr tk}blmd tlm ko`mbt% Tlj hmae cmawjei

aez lmat jieat}rm omljed j ack a bkebmre%

Lkymwmr# tlm dmwjbm dk rmq}jrm tlm oabnirk}ed lmat vjbt}rm tk om khmylathkektkek} tk ykrn omttmr% Gkr m|ahvcm# dmtmbtjei a vmrke yacnjei je a

dmmrt at ejilt yk}cd zjmcd omttmr rm}ct tlae trzjei tk vkt khmkem je ao}z trmmt kg a lmawjcz }roaejpmd arma% Rk# bahk}gcaim vrjebjvcm tk ykrn#

actlk}il jt yk}cd om a vattmre kg lmat bkhojemd yjtl k}tcjem bketrat kg

}rrk}edjei ko`mbt at ykrn%

Tlmrhac dmwjbm bae rmq}jrm ljilmr ykrn ckad bkhvarmd tk J_ dmwjbm% Rjebmjt rmq}jrm }mr tk rmbkiejpm ko`mbt oz bketrat brmatmd je a djggmrmethaeemr grkh lky rmi}car kr J_ cjilt brmatm bketrat# tlmrm arm hkrm kvtjke

tk djvcaz tlm jhaim tk ajd je rmbkiejtjke% Kem m|ahvcm kg hkt kgtme }mdkvtjke omjei yjtbljei omtymme /Yljtm Lkt/,Ko`mbt djvcazmd orjiltmr

rmvrmmet lkttmr ko`mbt* aed /Ocabn Lkt/,Ko`mbt djvcazmd darnmrrmvrmmet lkttmr ko`mbt* hkdm% Ack# actlk}il jt la irmat dmtmbtjke

bavaojcjtz rmiardjei lmat jieat}rm# tlm yaz jt imemratm jhaim hanm jtcm mggjbjmet gkr }mr tk rmbkiejpm dmtajc kg tlm gmat}rm kg ko`mbt%

Ack# omba}m jt ykrn ke vjbnjei }v a djggmrmet grmq}mebz kg jieac# jt

ko`mbt tlat arm ekrhaccz traevarmet tk wj}ac aed rmi}car J_ dmwjbm hazekt om traevarmet tk a tlmrhac dmwjbm%

Aektlmr rmtrjbtjke j tlat yjtl lmad ykre tzvm# }bl dmwjbm cjhjt tlm

}mr) vmrjvlmrac wjjke# aed haz ba}m ck kg jt}atjkeac ayarmem jgtlm }mr hkwm tlrk}il a mrjm kg djggmrmet cjilt bkedjtjke q}jbncz# }bl

a r}eejei jetk a darn rkkh tk a orjiltcz cjt rkkh%

Mwme yjtl acc tlm vrkocmh# J_ dmwjbm haz orjei a irmat adwaetaim jejt}atjke ylmrm }mr arm gjiltjei aiajet kvvkemet yjtlk}t }bl

mq}jvhmet je mewjrkehmet ylmrm ko`mbt kg tabtjbac jiejgjbaebm baeekt om

komrwmd yjtl `}t l}hae mzm% _}rac arma at ejilt tjhm ylmrm ek artjgjbjaccjiltjei arm jetaccmd bae om a ikkd m|ahvcm% Lkymwmr# cjilt bkedjtjke

kgtme blaeim# mvmbjaccz je }roae mewjrkehmet% Ylme cjiltjei bkedjtjkeblaeim# jt yjcc ack blaeim ylmtlmr jg }jei J_ komrwatjke dmwjbm j ae

adwaetaim kr djadwaetaim% Aed# tlm blaeim bae om wmrz q}jbn aed grmq}met%

Mwme at ejilt tjhm# tlmrm arm kgtme a ckt kg cjilt k}rbm je arma tlatlawm artjgjbjac tr}bt}rm brmatjei djrmbt aed ahojmet cjilt je dzeahjb

haeemr% Tlat hmae kvmratkr yjtl J_ dmwjbm haz ekt om tlm kecz kem tlatbae mm ko`mbt kg tabtjbac jiejgjbaebm% Aed# bkejdmrjei tlm vrkocmh


49/57

akbjatmd yjtl }m kg J_ dmwjbm# ylmtlmr jg }m kg jt j ae adwaetaim baeom wmrz }ebmrtaje% Mwme je cky cjilt# ekt cjhjtjei vmrjvlmrac wjjke aed

hktjke raeim yjtl J_ komrwatjke dmwjbm haz om kg adwaetaim a ckei atlmrm j mek}il ahk}et kg cjilt tk komrwm ylat j emmdmd tk om mme%

Jg kvvkemet }ddmecz t}re ke a wjjocm cjilt aed jcc}hjeatm kvmratkr#

tlm J_ dmwjbm adwaetaim j tanme ayaz# aed kvmratkr }jei J_ dmwjbm armkecz cmgt yjtl tlm cjhjtatjke jt jhvkm yljbl ljedmr kvmratkr) aojcjtz

tk rmvked mwme jg tlm kvvkemet m|vkm tlmhmcwm yjtl tlm wjjocm cjiltje tlm vrkbm% Rk# kvmratkr }jei tlkm dmwjbm lk}cd om ayarm kg tlm

rjn aed om vrmvarmd tk rmvked tk kvvkemet) attabn ylme tlmjr arma}ddmecz omjei cjt }v oz wjjocm cjilt%

Jetmrgm

combat operations with firearms volume 2 chapter 1 tactics 2012 01 20

Documents