April , 2012

Committee member of the smart meter policy, Department of Energy

Deputy Chair of the Smart house project, Japan Smart Community Alliance

Advisory fellow, Echonet Consortium

Associate Director, Auto ID Labs, Keio University

Masaki Umejima

masaki27@sfc.keio.ac.jp

© 2009 Daiwa House Industry Co., Ltd. All rights

reserved.

Apply the concept of Web API to a home device control

All appliances are controlled by a simple command and protocol

Request is made of HTTP and reply is of XML.

Give new opportunity to an application service providers[ASP] in energy management

Service terminal Home server

Crime prevention sensor

Health-care equipment

home API

What is the temperature of

the air conditioner?

It’s ２２℃. Telecommunication

Standard B

Telecommunication Standard C

Wie viele Grade

ist es jetzt?

Es ist 25 Grade

Telecommunication Standard A

Air conditioner

Home appliances/ equipment

1

■concept of home API

The Empirical study for open interface for HEMS #1 （reference）National experiment test bed in Japan ; home API

2 © 2009 Daiwa House Industry Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

home terminal

Portable terminal Integration panel

(PC etc…) Photo frame（組込機器）

http access XML応答

Home server

ECHONET

接点制御機器 control equipment?

Intelligent toilet

home ＡＰＩ

OSGi

http://192.168.＊.＊/smart/rest/request? (HS address、set command field :set、get）

deviceid=echonet.HomeAirConditioner_4 (set devise ID）

&key=RoomTemp （details of instruction）

<resultset type="map">

<result type="value">true</result>

<data type="value">27</data>

</resultset>

What is the temperature

of the air conditioner? It is ２７℃.

Process information

up to purposes,

abilities of terminal

2

■Residential use of the API

The Empirical study for open interface for HEMS #2 （reference）National experiment test bed in Japan ; home API

Energy saving (until now)

Total energy management (Demand Side Management)

Storage cells FC HP water heater

系統創

家電蓄

制御

FULL ECOAUTO

系統創

家電蓄

制御

FULL ECOAUTO

系統創

家電蓄

制御

FULL ECOAUTO

系統創

家電蓄

制御

FULL ECOAUTO

Solar power generation

systems

Energy creating devices

Energy storing devices

○ How to optimize energy consumption is one big social concern and big business opportunity, ○ In Japan, the optimization in a home level: e.g. observation and control, has begun to receive

acceptance from demand side including consumer. ○ In replying to this new demand, Home Energy Management System[HEMS] has been emerged. ○ In HEMS system, network access is available in all home devices: e.g. energy creating devices

and energy storing devices, and those are integrated in one controller which automatically manages energy consumption in home level..

Strongly linking from “Internet of things” to Energy Management

Body and activity for standardization #Domestic

○ In addressing HEMS adoption, compatibility became big concern ○ Thus Japanese government and Japan Smart Community Alliance[JSCA], covering over 700

related companies, had discussed this system interoperability and reached one decision in the end of 2011.

○ ECHONET Lite is recommended as the new standardized interface for HEMS System, which connects air conditioner, PV, FC, PHV, EV, and smart meter.

PV

Home appliance Battery

HEMS Taskforce in JSCA

EV

HEMＳ Echonet Lite

Smart meter Taskforce in JSCA

Data Center

Power Company

[Distribution]

Smart

Meter

Home

Echonet Lite

4

ECHONET CONSORTIUM

5

ECHONET Lite will be transport-free in relation to transmission media, therefore is very compact as a protocol stack.

Layer 1-4

OSI Layer

Layer 5-7

PLC Low

Power Wireless

IrDA Bluetooth® Ethernet

UDP/IP UDP/IP

Protocol Difference Absorption Processing Block

ECHONET Communication Processing Block

Application

ECHONET Address

ECHONET Lite Communication Processing Block

Application

Lower Communication Block （IEEE802.15.4 etc.） Transmission Medium

IP Address MAC Address or

ECHONET Lite Specifications

• Specifies OSI Layer 1 - 7

• Communication address is “ECHONET Address”.

• Specifies OSI Layer 5 - 7

• Communication Address is “MAC Address” or “IP Address”.

ECHONET Lite ECHONET

Measuring Database

Application company

Accounting

Network for Root A

HGW

PV ヒートポンプ ・燃料電池

蓄電池

エアコン

TV IHD

HEMS

PCS

PC

「見える化」

Database

②Power Company

③Third party

①Power meter

①HOME {HEMS]

・Consumption ・Backward flow B

C

Public Network

A

Basic thinking about the deployment of the power meter of Japan 6/45

6

○ Power meter must have two interface. One is the connection between the meter and the power company, called A root. Another is B root, which is the network connection between the meter and the HEMS.

○ There are three important decision. Firstly, the new meter speaks energy consumption [every 30 minutes], backward flow [every 30 minutes], and time stamp. Secondly, A root and B root must be equal in terms of measuring . In that cense, accounting information is available from B root. Thirdly, B root interface must talk in IP and Echonet lite.

・Consumption ・Backward flow

1. Positioning of a smart meter in the internet

2. Architecture driven approach in Japan

3. Reason why Japan has addressed DSM

4. Demand to compatibility in a home network

5. How to accurately manage a home device?

6. Standardization about the power meter in Japan

7. Liaison and Next challenge

Contacts

•Masaki Umejima

•Mail to

–masaki27@sfc.keio.ac.jp

8

“Internet of things” as a remarkable keyword in the internet

• Internet of things means many types of sensor such as power meter connects to the Internet, which adopts the standardized interface.

• Auto ID Lab, university research consortium, consisted of 7 universities in worldwide: e.g. MIT[US], Cambridge{UK], Fudan {China] , and Keio University{Japan], has initiated standardization and related research in Internet of things.

9

Energy saving (until now)

Total energy management (Demand Side Management)

Storage cells FC HP water heater

系統創

家電蓄

制御

FULL ECOAUTO

系統創

家電蓄

制御

FULL ECOAUTO

系統創

家電蓄

制御

FULL ECOAUTO

系統創

家電蓄

制御

FULL ECOAUTO

Solar power generation

systems

Energy creating devices

Energy storing devices

○ How to optimize energy consumption is one big social concern and big business opportunity, ○ In Japan, the optimization in a home level: e.g. observation and control, has begun to receive

acceptance from demand side including consumer. ○ In replying to this new demand, Home Energy Management System[HEMS] has been emerged. ○ In HEMS system, network access is available in all home devices: e.g. energy creating devices

and energy storing devices, and those are integrated in one controller which automatically manages energy consumption in home level..

Strongly linking from “Internet of things” to Energy Management

CONFIDENTIAL

ECHONET CONSORTIUM

11

Image of HEMS, which is called smart house

© 2009 Daiwa House Industry Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Apply the concept of Web API to a home device control

All appliances are controlled by a simple command and protocol

Request is made of HTTP and reply is of XML.

Give new opportunity to an application service providers[ASP] in energy management

Service terminal Home server

Crime prevention sensor

Health-care equipment

home API

What is the temperature of

the air conditioner?

It’s ２２℃. Telecommunication

Standard B

Telecommunication Standard C

Wie viele Grade

ist es jetzt?

Es ist 25 Grade

Telecommunication Standard A

Air conditioner

Home appliances/ equipment

12

■concept of home API

The Empirical study for open interface for HEMS #1 （reference）National experiment test bed in Japan ; home API

13 © 2009 Daiwa House Industry Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

home terminal

Portable terminal Integration panel

(PC etc…) Photo frame（組込機器）

http access XML応答

Home server

ECHONET

接点制御機器 control equipment?

Intelligent toilet

home ＡＰＩ

OSGi

http://192.168.＊.＊/smart/rest/request? (HS address、set command field :set、get）

deviceid=echonet.HomeAirConditioner_4 (set devise ID）

&key=RoomTemp （details of instruction）

<resultset type="map">

<result type="value">true</result>

<data type="value">27</data>

</resultset>

What is the temperature

of the air conditioner? It is ２７℃.

Process information

up to purposes,

abilities of terminal

13

■Residential use of the API

The Empirical study for open interface for HEMS #2 （reference）National experiment test bed in Japan ; home API

© 2009 Daiwa House Industry Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Adapting the concept of WebAPI to home

Appliances and equipment can be controlled without being aware of the underlying communication protocol

Simple control instruction (HTTP/REST) and reply that is easy to reuse（XML)

Thinking from different angle ; “Let the outsider make great service”

Service terminal Home server

Crime prevention sensor

Health-care equipment

home API

What is the temperature of

the air conditioner?

It’s ２２℃. Telecommunication

Standard B

Telecommunication Standard C

Wie viele Grade

ist es jetzt?

Es ist 25 Grade

Telecommunication Standard A

Air conditioner

Home appliances/ equipment

14

■concept of home API

The Empirical study for open interface for HEMS #2 （reference）samples ; IF implementation of home API

Body and activity for standardization #Domestic

○ In addressing HEMS adoption, compatibility became big concern ○ Thus Japanese government and Japan Smart Community Alliance[JSCA], covering over 700

related companies, had discussed this system interoperability and reached one decision in the end of 2011.

○ ECHONET Lite is recommended as the new standardized interface for HEMS System, which connects air conditioner, PV, FC, PHV, EV, and smart meter.

PV

Home appliance Battery

HEMS Taskforce in JSCA

EV

HEMＳ Echonet Lite

Smart meter Taskforce in JSCA

Data Center

Power Company

[Distribution]

Smart

Meter

Home

Echonet Lite

15

Need to create communication specifications for multi-vendor, user-

friendly home networks

Networking of home appliances

Links between social systems and home networks

● Research commissioned by MITI (now the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry):

“Research Committee on Ideal Home Networks for the 21st Century” (Oct. 96 – May 97)

● Proposed the development and international standardization of “Next-Generation Equipment

Home Networks” to MITI

ECHONET Consortium established (Dec. 9,

1997)

Started work on creating a standard communication

specification

The history developing an interface for home device since 1990’s

17

Grid Power Management System

Power

Management

System

IEC TC57

WG21

Demand side Supply side

Home Energy Management System

Building Energy Management System

Automation

System

Systems

Interface

Interfaces and protocol profiles relevant to systems connected to the electrical grid

○ ECHONET lite has addressed int’l standardization, basing on recommendation from Japanese government and industry[JSCA],

○ Ongoing discussion in TC57 WG21, IEC ○ Ongoing liaison with other standardization bodies and research institutions: W3C[WEB] ,

IETF, APAN[IP], NAV6[National Internet Research Lab in Malaysia] and so on

Body and activity for standardization #International

ECHONET CONSORTIUM

18

ECHONET Lite will be transport-free in relation to transmission media, therefore is very compact as a protocol stack.

Layer 1-4

OSI Layer

Layer 5-7

PLC Low

Power Wireless

IrDA Bluetooth® Ethernet

UDP/IP UDP/IP

Protocol Difference Absorption Processing Block

ECHONET Communication Processing Block

Application

ECHONET Address

ECHONET Lite Communication Processing Block

Application

Lower Communication Block （IEEE802.15.4 etc.） Transmission Medium

IP Address MAC Address or

ECHONET Lite Specifications

• Specifies OSI Layer 1 - 7

• Communication address is “ECHONET Address”.

• Specifies OSI Layer 5 - 7

• Communication Address is “MAC Address” or “IP Address”.

ECHONET Lite ECHONET

Air conditioner

Object

Lighting

Object

Induction Heating

Object

19

How to deploy ECHONET Lite in HEMS?

Echonet Lite Adopter over IP

Home Energy controller

talking in Echonet Lite.

1. Put ECHONET device such as air conditioner ,which talks in ECHONET Lite

2. When Echonet Lite adopter is attached, network access is available.

3. Thus, Home energy controller is able to manage all home devices.

Integration panel

(PC etc…)

ECHONET CONSORTIUM

20

Each device is expressed as “object”

ECHONET Lite network

sensor lighting Air conditioner

controller

Sensor object

lighting object

Air conditioner object

controller Air conditioner

request

response

(1) Unification of access interface to device -> it is easier for a controller developer to develop software. (2) Clarification of information which is open to other devices -> it is easier to design networked devices -> it is easier to realize interoperability

Advantages of object-oriented model

Object-oriented model of ECHONET Lite system

Air conditioner object

ECHONET CONSORTIUM

21

Object-oriented is a way to model complex devices’ functions

What is device object?

Cooling control program

Heating control program

Louver control program

temperature

Operation mode

Compressor rpms

modeling

Air conditioner object

Disclosed service

Disclosed data

Object name Air conditioner object

temperature Operation mode

set get notify etc.

programs data

Air conditioner

CONFIDENTIAL

ECHONET CONSORTIUM

22

Air conditioner

Cooling control

program

Heating control

program

Louver control program

Current temperature

Operating mode

Compressor revolutions

Program cluster

Data cluster

System designer

Application software developer

Application software

Company A air conditioner designer

Model

creation

●Abstracts and shares the attributes of home appliances and sensors (device objects)

ECHONET Device Objects

Property name Property content Unit Size Access rule

Operating mode Auto = 41, Cooler = 42,

Heater = 43

- 1 byte Reference/

Control

Temperature

setting

0-50 ºC

ºC 1 byte Reference/

Control

Room temperature

measurement

-127-126 ºC

ºC 1 byte Reference

Air-blow direction

up-down

Up/Down/Center =

41/42/43

- 1 byte Reference/

Control

Air-blow direction

right-left

Right/Left/Center =

41/42/43

- 1 byte

Device object (example: air conditioner)

Standardization of data format and control codes

Company B air conditioner designer

Company C air conditioner designer

CONFIDENTIAL

ECHONET CONSORTIUM

23

Security related devices

Fire sensors, motion detectors, temperature sensors, CO2

sensors, current sensors, etc.

Air conditioning related devices

Air conditioners, electric fans, ventilators, air cleaners, hot

carpets, oil fan heaters, etc.

Housing related devices

Powered blinds, powered curtains, water heaters, power locks,

home elevators, gas meters, electricity meters, etc.

Cooking and housework related

devices

Microwave ovens, dishwashers, dryers, washing machines,

tumble dryers, etc.

Lighting related devices

General lighting, guide lights, emergency lights, etc.

Business related devices

Equipment for buildings and shops

Health management related devices

Weighing scales, body fat testers, thermometers, blood

pressure monitors, blood glucose meters, etc.

●Objectification of nearly all types of appliances used in the home (more than 80 different types)

ECHONET Device Objects

24 © 2009 Daiwa House Industry Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

home terminal

Portable terminal Integration panel

(PC etc…) Photo frame（組込機器）

http access XML応答

Home server

ECHONET

接点制御機器 control equipment?

Intelligent toilet

home ＡＰＩ

OSGi

http://192.168.＊.＊/smart/rest/request? (HS address、set command field :set、get）

deviceid=echonet.HomeAirConditioner_4 (set devise ID）

&key=RoomTemp （details of instruction）

<resultset type="map">

<result type="value">true</result>

<data type="value">27</data>

</resultset>

What is the temperature

of the air conditioner? It is ２７℃.

Process information

up to purposes,

abilities of terminal

24 The Empirical study for open interface for HEMS #1 （reference）samples ; IF implementation of home API

■Residential use of the API

The scheme to decide the national standard about a power meter

JSCA

Battery ＷＧ

…WG ＥＭＳ ＳＷＧ

EV ＳＷＧ

Transmission ＳＷＧ

CEMSTeam

Smart house WG

EMS-SWG

ＢＥＭＳ（ＦＥＭＳ）Team

HEMS TF

Smart meter

Internationalization WG

○ With referring the decision about HEMS interface by Japan Smart Community Alliance[JSCA], the smart meter study working group in the department of energy, Japan, has finalized the basic thinking about the interface of the power meter on in Mar 2012.

25

Smart meter policy, Department of Energy

STF of Power Meter

Measuring Database

Application company

Accounting

Network for Root A

HGW

PV ヒートポンプ ・燃料電池

蓄電池

エアコン

TV IHD

HEMS

PCS

PC

「見える化」

Database

②Power Company

③Third party

①Power meter

①HOME {HEMS]

・Consumption ・Backward flow B

C

Public Network

A

Basic thinking about the deployment of the power meter of Japan 26/45

26

○ Power meter must have two interface. One is the connection between the meter and the power company, called A root. Another is B root, which is the network connection between the meter and the HEMS.

○ There are three important decision. Firstly, the new meter speaks energy consumption [every 30 minutes], backward flow [every 30 minutes], and time stamp. Secondly, A root and B root must be equal in terms of measuring . In that cense, accounting information is available from B root. Thirdly, B root interface must talk in IP and Echonet lite.

・Consumption ・Backward flow

○ Smart meter, PV, storage batteries, fuel cells, EV/PHEV, air conditioners and so on are main equipment to connect with HEMS.

○ In connecting all the devices, cross- industry regulation to insure safety with scoping on data link, physical layer, and network.

27 Arrangement of cross-industry rules for the safe connection

出所：第３回ＨＥＭSタスクフォース アドホック会合 資料

UI機器

家電

創蓄エネ機器

電力網（発電・送配電）

情報網（インターネット）

スマートメータ（将来）

パワーコンディショナー

ユーティリティ／インフラ モビリティ

テレビ

エアコン

高効率給湯器

家庭用燃料電池

家庭用蓄電池

太陽光発電

EV/PHEV

各種サービス

HEMS

スマートフォン

WiFi

ゲートウェイ 宅内システム

HEMS

（将来）

○ There are a lots of standardizing has been improved in energy system equipment: SEP2.0 in U.S、KNX in Europe、ECHONET Lite in Japan.

○ ECHONET Lite, which has strength in accurate control and easy adoption with having 15 years’ history, has addressed int’l liaison .

ＫＮＸ（Europe） ＳＥＰ2.0（U.S）

ECHONET Lite（Japan）

・moved to the IP base

・possible to control more than 80

equipment

28 liaison with the other institution [ongoing] for developing smart house