Common IOOS BenefitsCommon IOOS Benefits…a personal view…a personal view

Steven W. LyonsSteven W. Lyons

The Weather ChannelThe Weather Channel

Personal view, personal Personal view, personal bias? bias? Who am I? Who am I?• Grew up surfingGrew up surfing (personal sector)(personal sector)• Marine studies/forecastsMarine studies/forecasts (private sector)(private sector)• Navy research scientistNavy research scientist (public sector)(public sector)• Research scientist GFDLResearch scientist GFDL (public sector)(public sector)• Wave/surf forecasterWave/surf forecaster (private (private

sector)sector)• ProfessorProfessor (private sector)(private sector)• NWS trainerNWS trainer (public sector)(public sector)• NHC forecasterNHC forecaster (public sector)(public sector)• The Weather ChannelThe Weather Channel (private sector)(private sector)

From Oceans USFrom Oceans US Benefits Benefits

• Detecting and forecasting oceanic Detecting and forecasting oceanic components of climate variability components of climate variability

• Facilitating safe and efficient marine Facilitating safe and efficient marine operations operations

• Ensuring national security Ensuring national security

• Managing resources for sustainable use Managing resources for sustainable use

• Preserving and restoring healthy marine Preserving and restoring healthy marine ecosystems ecosystems

• Mitigating natural hazards Mitigating natural hazards

• Ensuring public health Ensuring public health

OUTLINE OUTLINE

• 1) Diversity of Marine Users & Data 1) Diversity of Marine Users & Data

• 2) Diversity of Marine Needs2) Diversity of Marine Needs

• 3) Common IOOS Benefits3) Common IOOS Benefits

1) Diversity of Marine Users & Data1) Diversity of Marine Users & Data

The Private Sector is DiverseThe Private Sector is Diverse

• 1) Instrument makers1) Instrument makers• 2) Instrument users2) Instrument users• 3) Data collectors3) Data collectors• 4) Data processors4) Data processors• 5) Data users5) Data users• 6) Real-time data users6) Real-time data users• 7) Non-real time users7) Non-real time users• 8) Data Value adders8) Data Value adders• 9) Applied users9) Applied users• 10) Research users10) Research users• 11) Individual users11) Individual users

Private Sector Ocean Data Private Sector Ocean Data Users Users Are Highly Diverse! Are Highly Diverse!• Oil CompaniesOil Companies

• Shipping CompaniesShipping Companies• Ship Routing CompaniesShip Routing Companies• Cruise Ship CompaniesCruise Ship Companies• Airline CompaniesAirline Companies• The MediaThe Media• Fishing CompaniesFishing Companies• Stock TradersStock Traders• Chemical CompaniesChemical Companies• Sewage Treatment Sewage Treatment

CompaniesCompanies• Salvage CompaniesSalvage Companies• Travel AgenciesTravel Agencies• Ocean Recreation CompaniesOcean Recreation Companies• Coastal EngineersCoastal Engineers• Air & Water Pollution Air & Water Pollution

Companies Companies • The General Public, etc.The General Public, etc.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

• MARINE DATA USERS ARE DIVERSEMARINE DATA USERS ARE DIVERSE

2) Diversity of Marine Data Needs2) Diversity of Marine Data Needs

Data “types” within the Data “types” within the private private sector are highly varied! sector are highly varied!• Government dataGovernment data

• Military data Military data (private)(private)

• Public dataPublic data• Private dataPrivate data• Modified/value-add Modified/value-add

datadata• Modified Modified

disseminated datadisseminated data• Compiled dataCompiled data

• Many applications of “base data” are Many applications of “base data” are highly varied and diversehighly varied and diverse

• Many of the required “base data” are Many of the required “base data” are redundantredundant

• NWS marine survey: local customers NWS marine survey: local customers preferred observations to forecasts preferred observations to forecasts because they were more “reliable” because they were more “reliable” than forecasts and most customers than forecasts and most customers data use was short term (hours)!data use was short term (hours)!

Much of the Private Sector Much of the Private Sector isis “Value Add” “Value Add”

• Many cannot afford to collect data themselvesMany cannot afford to collect data themselves

• Many make money on data Many make money on data repackage/disseminationrepackage/dissemination

• Many make money modifying data to “products”Many make money modifying data to “products”

• Many make money on modified “services”Many make money on modified “services”

• Some have spent much money to value add to Some have spent much money to value add to existing “public data” for applied products and existing “public data” for applied products and services (Insurance Industry is a good example services (Insurance Industry is a good example of this), the result is confidential data that may of this), the result is confidential data that may or may not be soldor may not be sold

Some companies with Some companies with confidentiality, confidentiality, competition risks or unique competition risks or unique needs needs take their own observations take their own observations• SalvageSalvage

• Oil explorationOil exploration

• Oil drillingOil drilling

• FishingFishing

• Cruise ShipsCruise Ships

• Energy tradersEnergy traders

• ForensicForensic

• General PublicGeneral Public

Examples of Basic DataExamples of Basic Data Manipulation Manipulation

• Marine site Marine site climatology from climatology from basic databasic data

• Engineering Engineering “quantities” from “quantities” from basic databasic data

• Shallow water Shallow water “quantities” from “quantities” from basic deep water data basic deep water data

Value-add is often a unique Value-add is often a unique “trademark” “trademark” of private sector businesses of private sector businesses

• Media collection of Media collection of weather/marine weather/marine data often a part of data often a part of customer customer interactionsinteractions

• Most media makes Most media makes “sole-source” “sole-source” graphics of data graphics of data they present, some they present, some is value addis value add

Some Marine Products Some Marine Products NeededNeeded Private Sector Users Private Sector Users• MARINE SHIPPINGMARINE SHIPPING • Waves (& direction)Waves (& direction)

• Wave periodWave period• Wave steepnessWave steepness• Swells Swells • WindsWinds• TidesTides• CurrentsCurrents• IcingIcing• Ice bergsIce bergs• VisibilityVisibility• SST?SST?• Wave ClimatologyWave Climatology• Wind ClimatologyWind Climatology• ForecastsForecasts

Some Marine Products Some Marine Products NeededNeeded• OIL COMPANIESOIL COMPANIES • Winds (thresholds)Winds (thresholds)

• Waves/Swells (thresholds)Waves/Swells (thresholds)• Wave Periods (thresholds)Wave Periods (thresholds)• Maximum waves (climo.)Maximum waves (climo.)• Maximum winds (climo.)Maximum winds (climo.)• LightningLightning• Currents/ Temperatures(multiple Currents/ Temperatures(multiple

levels)levels)• TidesTides• Marine ClimatologyMarine Climatology• VisibilityVisibility• Weather forecastsWeather forecasts

Some Marine Products Some Marine Products NeededNeeded

• COMMERCIAL FISHINGCOMMERCIAL FISHING • WavesWaves• Wave steepnessWave steepness• WindsWinds• SSTSST• Vertical sea temperatureVertical sea temperature• TidesTides• CurrentsCurrents• VisibilityVisibility• SonarSonar• IcingIcing• Ice bergsIce bergs• ForecastsForecasts

Some Marine Products Some Marine Products NeededNeeded• MARINE RECREATIONMARINE RECREATION

• WavesWaves• Wave periodWave period• Tides (& estuary tides)Tides (& estuary tides)• Breaking wavesBreaking waves• Swell & directionSwell & direction• LightningLightning• SSTSST• Vertical sea temperaturesVertical sea temperatures• Mostly coastal currentsMostly coastal currents• Rip currentsRip currents• Air temperatureAir temperature• Cloud coverCloud cover• VisibilityVisibility• Water clarity/visibilityWater clarity/visibility• Biological & chemical hazardsBiological & chemical hazards

Some Marine Products Some Marine Products NeededNeeded• GENERAL PUBLICGENERAL PUBLIC• LIFEGUARDSLIFEGUARDS

• WindsWinds• Breaking waves & directionBreaking waves & direction• Rip CurrentsRip Currents• SST SST • Air temperatureAir temperature• Coastal CurrentsCoastal Currents• Cloud coverCloud cover• LightningLightning• RainRain• VisibilityVisibility• Ocean visibility/turbidityOcean visibility/turbidity• Biological & chemical Biological & chemical

hazardshazards

Some Marine Products Some Marine Products NeededNeeded• Coastal EngineersCoastal Engineers• Building CompaniesBuilding Companies

• Wave/swell climatologyWave/swell climatology• Tide climatologyTide climatology• Wind climatologyWind climatology• Erosion Erosion

climatology/historyclimatology/history• Extreme events Extreme events

climatology/return climatology/return periodsperiods

• Surge/setup Surge/setup climatologyclimatology

• Visibility climatologyVisibility climatology

Some Marine Products Some Marine Products NeededNeeded• TVTV• RADIORADIO• INTERNETINTERNET• PHONE PHONE

• Air temperatureAir temperature• SSTSST• Winds-coastalWinds-coastal• Breaking wavesBreaking waves• VisibilityVisibility• Cloud coverCloud cover• Rip CurrentsRip Currents• LightningLightning• Sea roughnessSea roughness• TidesTides• Highs & LowsHighs & Lows

SummarySummaryDiversity of Marine Data NeedsDiversity of Marine Data Needs

• Although there are diverse marine data applications Although there are diverse marine data applications and needs, there are many data commonalities and needs, there are many data commonalities

• WindsWinds• Waves/Period/DirectionWaves/Period/Direction• Swells/Period/DirectionSwells/Period/Direction• SSTSST• TidesTides• ““Weather”Weather”

IN MANY CASES HIGH SPATIAL & TEMPORALIN MANY CASES HIGH SPATIAL & TEMPORAL RESOLUTION MARINE DATA ARE ESSENTIALRESOLUTION MARINE DATA ARE ESSENTIAL

Common IOOC BenefitsCommon IOOC Benefits

COMMON IOOS BENEFITSCOMMON IOOS BENEFITS• Detecting and forecasting oceanic components Detecting and forecasting oceanic components

of climate variabilityof climate variability**

• Facilitating safe and efficient marine operationsFacilitating safe and efficient marine operations**

• Ensuring national securityEnsuring national security**

• Managing resources for sustainable useManaging resources for sustainable use**

• Preserving and restoring healthy marine Preserving and restoring healthy marine ecosystemsecosystems**

• Mitigating natural hazardsMitigating natural hazards**

• Ensuring public healthEnsuring public health**

* private * private *public*public * public & private * public & private sectorssectors

SUMMARY SUMMARY

• 1) Diversity of Marine Users & Data 1) Diversity of Marine Users & Data (high)(high)

• 2) Diversity of Marine Needs 2) Diversity of Marine Needs (low & (low & high)high)

• 3) Common IOOS Benefits 3) Common IOOS Benefits (all can (all can benefit)benefit)

THE ENDTHE END