common property resources: theory and practice emily j. wornell
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Common Property Resources: Theory and Practice Emily J. Wornell](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7af4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CED 497A: Population & EnvironmentSpring 2014Common Property Resources: Theory and PracticeEmily J. Wornell
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This week will help you understand:
What are common pool resources Problems associated with them ▪ The tragedy of the commons
Main perspectives on how to deal with common pool resource problems Private property and government intervention
What are externalities Alternative perspectives on common pool
resource problems Complexity of these issues
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What is a common pool resource?
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What is the common pool resource problem?
![Page 5: Common Property Resources: Theory and Practice Emily J. Wornell](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7af4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is the common pool resource problem?
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What is the common pool resource problem?
Maximum utility = positive elements + negative elements
Positive = = 1
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What is the common pool resource problem?
Maximum utility = positive elements + negative elements
Negative = shared between farmers = <-1
![Page 8: Common Property Resources: Theory and Practice Emily J. Wornell](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7af4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What is the common pool resource problem?
Maximum utility = positive elements + negative elements
Maximum utility = 1 + (-.25) = .75
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What is the common pool resource problem?
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What is the common pool resource problem?
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What is the common pool resource problem?
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What is the common pool resource problem?
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What is the common pool resource problem?
Tragedy of the commons
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What can be done?
Characteristics of CPR Size and carrying capacity Measurability Temporal and spatial differences Amount of storage in the system Physical movement Regeneration Impact of harvesting technologies
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What can be done?
Private property rights Government intervention
Increased conservation
Efficient use ofresources
Reduced transactioncosts
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What can be done?
Private property rights Government intervention
Prohibition
Restriction
Incentives/sanctions
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What can be done?
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What can be done?
18.2 million in 1954
8.9 million in 2012
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What can be done?
Externality: Factor of production not under the direct control of of the producer- unintended consequences, positive or negative
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What can be done?
Externality: Factor of production not under the direct control of of the producer- unintended consequences, positive or negative
![Page 21: Common Property Resources: Theory and Practice Emily J. Wornell](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7af4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
What can be done?
Externality: Factor of production not under the direct control of of the producer- unintended consequences, positive or negative
![Page 22: Common Property Resources: Theory and Practice Emily J. Wornell](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7af4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
What can be done?
Externality: Factor of production not under the direct control of of the producer- unintended consequences, positive or negative
![Page 23: Common Property Resources: Theory and Practice Emily J. Wornell](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7af4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
What can be done?
Externality: Factor of production not under the direct control of of the producer- unintended consequences, positive or negative
![Page 24: Common Property Resources: Theory and Practice Emily J. Wornell](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7af4/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
What can be done?
Externality: Factor of production not under the direct control of of the producer- unintended consequences, positive or negative
![Page 25: Common Property Resources: Theory and Practice Emily J. Wornell](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7af4/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
What can be done?
Private property rights Government intervention
Decrease negative externalities
Benefit from positive externalities
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What can be done?
Private property rights Government intervention
Decrease negative externalities
Benefit from positive externalities
What happens when they fail?! Love Canal
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What can be done?
Original plan: done in 2007 @ $4.3 billion
Newest estimate: done in 2022 @ $13.4 billion
Most optimistic timeline: cleanup finished 2063,which is longer than the plant was in operation.
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Alternative perspectives Open access and group property rights
What can be done?
Elinor Ostrom
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Alternative perspectives Open access and group property rights
What can be done?
![Page 30: Common Property Resources: Theory and Practice Emily J. Wornell](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7af4/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Full circle
Increased population Overexploitation Tragedy of the commons
Environmental disasterIncreased vulnerability
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Full circle
Population Environment
History Society PoliticsEconomics DemographicsGeography