communicative aspects of multimedia instructional programs sándor forgó - csaba komló : károly...

Communicative aspects of multimedia instructional programs

Sándor Forgó - Csaba Komló :

Károly Eszterházy College Eger, Hungary

http:// www.ektf.hu/~forgos

e-mail:[email protected] [email protected]

The role of multimedia in the practical aspects of instruction

The use of multimedia for educational purposes not

only opens new channels of utilization, but established the

foundation for achieving an educational efficiency

substantially surpassing the earlier rate.

EVALUATION OF MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTS

I. THE COMPOSITION OF THE MESSAGE

The purpose of the message is addressing the user target group.

Simple, short sentences,Familiar terms and

expressions,Explanation of professional

terminology

Increase the value of the multimedia product:

II. SYSTEM-ORIENTED THINKING

This criteria system emphasizes the given program’s

capability of meeting the set objectives, its ability to meet

individual user demands, and the quality of media

analysis.

Also, such issues have to be addressed as the program’s

ability to accomodate differing learning techniques, its

adaptability to individual and group use in addition to the

quantifiability of the learned concepts.

III. STRUCTURE

The programs should also include a help option in

addition to enabling the user to leave the program or to

interrupt it.

In a multimedia production the following structured

arrangement has to be recognizable:

introductory or lead-in image and sound,greetings, main menu,minor points (modules),educational modules and nodes.

IV. NAVIGATION

Navigation capability, a feature definitely to be

included, enables the user to move forward and backward

and display the actual function in order to avoid the feeling

of being lost in the multimedia system.

V. COMMUNICATION, INTERACTION

We define interactivity as the option and experience

of user interference. Interactivity indicates a concrete, real-

time simultaneous interaction in the human-machine

relationship.

The program must include the

devices and markings (tools and

icons) facilitating

communication

VI. PEDAGOGICAL DIDACTIC CRITERIA

A good multimedia program

enables the student to process the

materials at an optimal rate and

rhythm.

During the application the learner

can prepare notes, intensifying the

processing thereby making the

communication truly multimedial

involving more sensory organs.

VII. PSYCHOLOGICAL, ERGONOMIC CRITERIA

The short lines and dual spacing used in page setting are ideal.

Furthermore, the consistent arrangement of the individual

pages, whether projecting a harmonic or discordant

appearance is essential.

The quality of the user surface depends on:

The number and type of colors used,the definition and clarity of the graphic units,readibility

VIII.THE VISUAL AND AUDITIVE CRITERIA OF MULTIMEDIA COMPONENTS

Meeting the demands of media-based message transmission

1. Textual elements

THE VISUAL AND AUDITIVE CRITERIA OF MULTIMEDIA COMPONENTS

Text can facilitate a better

understanding of picture images

especially when pictures and

commentary are insufficient.

In multimedia the text can appear as

information, as navigatory

assistance and as an aesthetic

component.

Exit

2. Numbers, Data Bases


Modern multimedia

provide a large amount of

information for the user

as in addition to text

numbers and data can

function as components.

3. Freeze frames


Expectations:

The quality of composition,the adherence to the principle of

deliberate color selection,the discernibility of figures and

the background,the harmonious grouping and

arrangement,the employment of the proper

methods of picture image emphasis.

4. Icons, symbols, logos


The simplicity and intelligibility of production, the intensity of highlighting the essence of the

message,the utilization of adequate elements increase the

efficiency of multimedia.

5. 3D displays


Important evaluation

criteria include the spatial

complexity and spatial

display (stereoscopic display)

amd spatial texture of the

module body and the

selection of illumination.

5. Animation


The term means the bringing of pictures to life.

Evaluation criteria should include:

The justification of the application,the continuity (steady movement),the attempt at making movement imitating reality,dynamics (fast, balanced, slow)the product’s capability of calling attention to itself.

7. Active surfaces


to the start, back, home, forward, end, reverse, and exit (escape).

Expectations:The simplicity of components,the interference capability,the answerability,the degree of the difficulty of the acquisition

of user proficiency

The crucial action buttons are:

Exit

8. Auditive information


Sound effects could also take the form of a:

whisper,scream,howl,animal sounds,pleasant music,special effect,background with some dramatic

atmosphere.

9. Moving picture images


The use of video is recommended if the former

carries more information than the freeze frame photograph

and is especially suitable for the demonstration of such

phenomena which become intelligible or understandable in

their course or display the space in a panoramic movement.

Moving picture images


The size of the picture, movement, illumination and

the right selection of color are especially important. The

movement of the camera has to be steady and instead of

long settings short, dynamic, commercial-like information

or nodes should be used.

Style conflict

IX. TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF CONSTRUCTION

Expectations:

proper selection of faultless source materials,adequate processing and display efforts.

CroppingSynchronizationCamera moving

Mistakes:

X. COMPLEMENTARY ELEMENTS

Both graphically and installation

wise the product would meet the

user’s expectations. Instructions in a form of a printed

supplement or support materials

demonstrating educational

methodology.

These are the elements the user encounters first.

Expectations:

XI. ON-LINE UPDATING

The user-friendly service package contains:

Telephone help lines,on-line information transmission,on-line or offline updating capabilities.

XII. SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION

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Communicative aspects of multimedia instructional programs

Sándor Forgó - Csaba Komló :

Károly Eszterházy College Eger, Hungary

http:// www.ektf.hu/~forgos

e-mail:[email protected] [email protected]