community policing mr sarmad saeed khan additional ig training punjab police
TRANSCRIPT
Community Policing
Mr Sarmad Saeed Khan Additional IG Training
Punjab Police
COMMUNITY POLICING2
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PART I Conceptual basis of community policing
PART II Experience in Pakistan
PART III Comparison of community policing models
PART IV Role of women in community policing
PART V Impediments in implementation
PART VI Group activity
SEQUENCE OF PRESENTATION
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CONCEPTUAL BASIS
“Community policing is a philosophy and an organizational strategy that promotes a new partnership between people and their police. It is based on the premise that both the police and the community must work together as equal partners to identify, prioritize, and solve contemporary problems such as crime, drugs, fear of crime, social and physical disorder, and overall neighborhood decay, with the goal of improving the overall quality of life in the area.”
Trojanowicz
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No government funds are requiredEnhances immunity against crime and disorderAssists traditional policingBridges the gap of trustEncourages social interactionsPolice and public share credit and discreditPolice officer feels safe in his area of responsibilityReliable and workable information is availableInculcates sense of responsibility in the publicPolice and the public are accountable to each otherPromotes democratic values in the society
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“Once the community is convinced that the new system will help them in achieving better quality of life, they will not hesitate to offer their active cooperation.”
HAZRAT ALI
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“Community policing does not work for every community. Participation appears much more likely in homogeneous, low-crime, middle-class neighborhoods.”
REF: John Ellison “Community Policing Implementation Issues”FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, The FindArticles.com. 26 Sep, 2011
(John Ellison)
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ENVIRONMENTFOR COMMUNITY POLICING
LIMITATIONS OFTRADITIONAL POLICING LIMITATIONS OFTRADITIONAL POLICING
Customs and values disconnect
Efficiency measured by statistics
Centralization dampens initiative
Experts make blanket policies
The US and THEM environment
Creates a ‘force’ and not a ‘service’
It is resource hungry
The warrior image
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Community policing is a philosophy
Police + Public + Government
Changing mindsets of public and police
Social work + law enforcement
Reverting back to good old traditions
Returning the responsibility back
COMMUNITY POLICING
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Police Rules XX1.1
RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PUBLIC
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EXPERIENCE IN PAKISTAN
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CRITERIA FOR MEMBERS OF A CPC
Non-political
Non-controversial personality
No criminal record
Having impeccable reputation
From all groups of the community
Able to devote time
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Office located in a private buildingTen to thirty membersCoordinator and Deputy CoordinatorProceedings of all meetings are documentedStandard registers are maintained Union Council, Tehsil and District CommitteesPolice officers attached at UC and Tehsil levelMeetings are convened by the Coordinators
WORKING OF COMMUNITY POLICECOMMITTEES
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MANDATE OF COMMITTEES
1.Identification and analysis of problems2.Advising the police on issues 3.Dispute resolution if both the parties agree4.Arranging neighborhood watch and security5.Only moral pressure shall be used6.Seek help of the local police if use of force required7.Laying information about vice dens and offenders8.Arranging awareness seminars and walks9.Advising the citizens on issues10.Helping police during occasions like muharram
DIFFERENT COMMITTEES DIFFERENT COMMITTEES
1. Core Committee
2. Tehsil Committee,
3. Scrutiny Committee,
4. Traffic Control Committee
5. Anti Narcotic Committee,
6. Students’ Committee,
7. Traders’ Committee
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NUMBER OF COMMITTEESNUMBER OF COMMITTEES
Till JAN.2003
TEHSIL COMMITTEES
Rahimyar Khan 34
Sadiqabad 87
Khanpur 128
Liaqatpur 21
TOTAL 270
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SPECIAL POLICE OFFICERS till January 2003SPECIAL POLICE OFFICERS till January 2003
TEHSIL NUMBERRahimyar Khan 69Sadiqabad 402Khanpur 64Liaqatpur 44Total 579
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Seminars and walksSeminars for the policeHuman Rights trainingVisits of educational institutionsInter-religious task forceSchool for special childrenInformation boards on bus-standsCable TV
COMMUNITY POLICING PROGRAMS
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COMMUNITY POLICING PROGRAMS
Drug Addicts Rehabilitation CenterPolice Public SchoolCharacter Building SchoolingFree medical camps CenterDisposal of unidentified dead bodiesCitizen Police Liaison CommitteeCrisis Management GroupCommunity Policing Website
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COMPARISON
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"It is not a project aimed at bettering the image of the Police. It is also not a project wherein police duties are performed by the citizens. Rather it is a project to professionally strengthen Police and increase its accessibility to the needy public through close interaction with and better understanding of the public. “
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OBJECTIVES
Members of Janamaithri Suraksha Samithi should be able to spare time, should not involve in any criminal case. He does not have any statutory powers. Political party members are not included.
CRITERIA FOR MEMBERSHIP
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The meeting is convened by the Circle Inspector and SHO is the Secretary Samithi. The meetings shall be attended by the Sub Divisional Police Officer once in every month and by the Superintendent of Police at least once a year.
The meeting is convened by the Circle Inspector and SHO is the Secretary Samithi. The meetings shall be attended by the Sub Divisional Police Officer once in every month and by the Superintendent of Police at least once a year.
http://jmspkerala.blogpot.com/2010/08/community-policing-project-of.html accessed on 28.10.2011
MEETING OF A SAMITHI
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COMMUNITY POLICING IN NIGERIA
IMPEDIMENTS TO COMMUNITY POLICING IN NIGERIA
Internal resistance from police officers who benefited from the traditional policing and who prefer to maintain status quo;Lack of commitment to the project by implementing officers;Lack of support from members of the public;Inadequate support from the government;Poor welfare packages/incentives for policemen;Conflict between informal ethnic militia and police
REFERENCE: Dickson, A.Y. (2007) “Community Policing” in Arase, S.E. and Iwuofor (eds.), Policing Nigeria in the 21st Century, Ibadan, Spectrum Books.
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ROLE OF WOMEN
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“The traits of ruthlessness and violence which are desired in a Marine are counterproductive to the mission of a police officer.”
Operational Culture for Warfighter: Principles and Applications, by Salmoni and Holmes-Eber
MISSION OF A POLICE OFFICER
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Social Contract TheorySocially evolved value systemSociety made laws and rulesCrime is a social deviationSocial disorganization v/s crimePolice as Social ScientistsPolice as Social Workers and ReformersPolice protect haqooq-ul-abad
POLICING IS WORSHIPPING
During the period of Hazrat Ali, the ‘shurta’ were responsible for the following jobs, as well:
suppression of beggary, control over quackery, removal of encroachments, checking and stopping porters and boatmen from carrying heavy loads.
POLICE AS SOCIAL WORKERS
Justice Ali Nawaz ChauhanAll Pakistan Legal Decisions 2005
In France, during the regime of Louis-XV police performed the following jobs, as well:
Construction of welfare projects, Police established stock exchange of Paris For providing employment the jobless, Food supplies, Inspection of drains, Cleaning of streets, etc.,
POLICE AS SOCIAL WORKERS
Justice Ali Nawaz ChauhanAll Pakistan Legal Decisions 2005
“that the warrior image has had a devastating impact on recruiting the right kind of officer. As long as the warrior image remains, policing will draw the wrong kind of applicant, reward the wrong kind of behavior, and fail to provide the kind of services that communities increasingly demand.“
Kimberly A.Lonsway Ph.DDismantling the Warrior Image: The Role of Women in
Community Policing.
THE WARRIOR IMAGE
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1. Emotional self-awareness,2. Independence,3. Interpersonal relationships,4. Empathy,5. Stress tolerance,6. Impulse control,7. Flexibility,[and] 8. Problem solving
Operational Culture for Warfighter: Principles and Applications,
Salmoni and Holmes-Eber
TRAITS OF A POLICE OFFICER
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Above board moral, intellectual and financial integrityUse of thinking and imagination in problems solvingAbility to act independently and take initiativesSensitive to socio-cultural values of communityIntelligence led and knowledge based policingSincerity of purpose and commitmentAffable, extrovert, tolerant, empathetic, clairvoyantVery good in communication skills
REQUIRED TRAITS OF COMMUNITY POLICE OFFICER
More serious in duty: do not waste their time Less corrupt financially, morally and intellectually Interact better with female victims of violence Can have easy ingress to households Present softer side of the police Empathetic and sensitive to human relationship Very good in communication and problems solving
TRAITS OF A FEMALE POLICE OFFICER
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IMPEDIMENTS
PERCEPTION OF A POLICE OFFICER
Perceive it dilution of their powers
Think controlling crime is exclusively a police job
Public will exploit closeness with police
District police officers are too busy to find time
Fancy policing is not going to work
Why to annoy political elite
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Police is not a social service
Serving the people is exclusively their domain
It will distance the public from the politicians
It is their right to be members of such initiatives
The political opponents have no role
PERCEPTION OF POLITICIANS
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Maintenance of public order is exclusively police job
Normally police touts join such initiatives
Why to earn enmity with anti-social elements
Police are not serious in serving the community
“What’s in it for me” approach
We do not have free time
PERCEPTION OF THE PUBLIC
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GROUP 1 How to associate Politicians in community policingwithout compromising its basic principles?
GROUP 2 What Areas of Importance did we miss in our initiative to disallow CP to take roots in Pakistan?
GROUP 3 What Problems women police officers may facein community policing initiatives while workingbeside their male colleagues?
GROUP 4 What are the possible areas where women community police officers can contribute for
Women Protection and Well-being?
BRAINSTORMING SESSIONTime 15 mins
Problems &Solutions
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"Muslims who advance conservative views on female affairs...are normally very literal in their understanding of texts; but they tendentiously opt for an understanding that suits their prejudice.“
Dr. Hassan Al-Turabi•Bachelor in Law•Masters University of London•PhD from Sorbonne, Paris•Speaker of Parliament, Sudan•Minister of Justice, Sudan•Minister of Foreign Affairs, Sudan•Deputy Prime Minister, Sudan
INTERPRETATION OF ISLAMIC INJUNCTIONS ABOUT WOMEN
SUMMARY
Traditional policing focuses on controlling and reactingCommunity policing is preventive and proactiveTraditional Policing is centralizing CP is for devolving powersTP uses brute military power, CP is policing by consentCP works by decreasing social disorganizationImplementation is easier in low crime homogenous societyWithout support of the public police fails to achieve goals
… continued
Police are Social Scientists and Social Workers
Policing means protecting the basic rights of citizens
CP is about equal partnership between police and public
It has to be adopted as organizational strategy
It is about changing the mindset of the police and the
public
CP and TP augment each other