compact outdoor bs30 bts maintenance manual2

ZXG10-BS30Compact Outdoor BTSMaintenance Manual

(Routine Maintenance)

Version 1.5

ZTE CORPORATION ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South, Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, P. R. China 518057 Tel: (86) 755 26771900 800-9830-9830 Fax: (86) 755 26772236 URL: http://support.zte.com.cn E-mail: [email protected]

LEGAL INFORMATION Copyright © 2006 ZTE CORPORATION. The contents of this document are protected by copyright laws and international treaties. Any reproduction or distribution of this document or any portion of this document, in any form by any means, without the prior written consent of ZTE CORPORATION is prohibited. Additionally, the contents of this document are protected by contractual confidentiality obligations. All company, brand and product names are trade or service marks, or registered trade or service marks, of ZTE CORPORATION or of their respective owners. This document is provided “as is”, and all express, implied, or statutory warranties, representations or conditions are disclaimed, including without limitation any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title or non-infringement. ZTE CORPORATION and its licensors shall not be liable for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on the information contained herein. ZTE CORPORATION or its licensors may have current or pending intellectual property rights or applications covering the subject matter of this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license between ZTE CORPORATION and its licensee, the user of this document shall not acquire any license to the subject matter herein. The contents of this document and all policies of ZTE CORPORATION, including without limitation policies related to support or training are subject to change without notice.

Revision History

Date Revision No. Serial No. Purpose

10-Aug-06 R1.0 sjzl20061264 English – For Customers

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Document Name ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Maintenance Manual (Routine Maintenance)

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Contents

About this Manual............................................................. i

Purpose................................................................................ i Intended Audience ................................................................. i Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge .............................................. i What is in this Manual ........................................................... ii Related Documentation.......................................................... ii Conventions........................................................................ iii How to Get in Touch............................................................. iv

Chapter 1..........................................................................1

Safety Instructions ..........................................................1

Overview .......................................................................1

Safety Symbols...............................................................2 Toxicant ..............................................................................3 Electrical Safety....................................................................4 Antistatic .............................................................................5 Battery................................................................................6 Electromagnetic Radiation ......................................................7 Working at Heights ...............................................................7 Fans ...................................................................................8 High Temperature .................................................................8 Plugging/Unplugging a Module ................................................9 Do Not’s ..............................................................................9

Chapter 2........................................................................11

Overview........................................................................11

Routine Maintenance Classification .................................. 11

Routine Maintenance Precautions .................................... 12

Common Maintenance Methods ....................................... 13

Chapter 3........................................................................17

Routine Maintenance .....................................................17

Daily Routine Maintenance ............................................. 17 View Current/Board Alarms...................................................17 View Current Notifications ....................................................18 View Real-time Carrier Attributes...........................................18 Create Daily Performance Report ...........................................18 Create a Daily Traffic Report .................................................19

Weekly Routine Maintenance .......................................... 19 Query History Alarms...........................................................19 Count Alarm Frequency ........................................................20 Analyze Performance Report .................................................20

Monthly Routine Maintenance ......................................... 20

Create Monthly Performance Report .......................................20 Cell Performance Analysis.....................................................21 Create Monthly Operation Report...........................................21

Biannual Routine Maintenance ........................................ 22 Check Power Voltage ...........................................................23 Check Dust.........................................................................23 Check Door and Lock ...........................................................23 Check Shield Condition.........................................................24 Check Fans.........................................................................24 Check CMM Status...............................................................25 Check TRM Status ...............................................................25 Check Backplane Status .......................................................25 Check DPM Status ...............................................................26 Check PWM Status ..............................................................26 Check PWMD Status ............................................................27 Measure PA Output Power ....................................................27 Check Clock Synchronization.................................................28 Check Antenna and Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA) .................29 Check Directional Antenna Obliquity.......................................29 Check Antenna Feeder Connectors Waterproofing and Lightning Grounding Tab....................................................................31 Measure Combiner Return Loss .............................................31 Measure Antenna Return Loss ...............................................32 Check VSWR.......................................................................32 Check E1 Cables .................................................................33 Check Lightning Arrester ......................................................33 Check Grounding Cables.......................................................35

Measure Grounding Resistance ............................................. 35 Check Transmission Equipment ............................................. 36 Check Batteries .................................................................. 36

Appendix A.....................................................................37

Common Maintenance Tables........................................37

Daily Maintenance Record Table ............................................ 37 Weekly Maintenance Record Table ......................................... 38 Monthly Maintenance Record Table ........................................ 39 Quarterly Maintenance Record Table ...................................... 40 Emergency Fault Record Table .............................................. 41

Appendix B.....................................................................43

Abbreviations.................................................................43

Figures............................................................................45

Tables.............................................................................47

Index..............................................................................49

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION i

About this Manual

ZXG10 is a GSM mobile communication system, independently developed by ZTE CORPORATION (hereinafter referred to as ZTE). It consists of ZXG10-MSS Mobile Switching Subsystem and ZXG10-BSS Base Station Subsystem.

ZXG10-BSS provides and manages GSM radio transmission. It consists of ZXG10-BSC Base Station Controller, ZXG10-BTS Base Transceiver Station, and a few other devices.

ZXG10-BTS is a general designation of a series of second-generation base transceiver stations developed by ZTE. ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) is a compact, integrated outdoor BTS featuring high reliability, perfect functions and powerful service support capability.

ZXG10-OMCR (v2.95) is the operation & maintenance platform of ZXG10-BSS (v2.95) base station subsystem.

Purpose

This manual discusses routine maintenance items and their troubleshooting methods. Detailed discussion of different notification and alarm messages are part of the manual.

Intended Audience

This document is for engineers and technicians to help them perform routine maintenance activities on ZXG10 BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS.

Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge

For effective use of this document, users should have a good understanding of GSM architecture. Familiarity with the following is helpful:

ZXG10-BTS family and its various components

local operating procedures

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Maintenance Manual (Routine Maintenance)

ii Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

What is in this Manual

The following table provides manual summary.

T AB L E 1 – M AN U AL S U M M AR Y

Chapter Summary

Chapter 1, Safety Instructions

This chapter explains the safety symbols and safety measures to observe during routine maintenance.

Chapter 2, Overview This chapter provides an overview of routine maintenance classification, precautions and some common maintenance methods.

Chapter 3, Routine Maintenance

This chapter explains BS30 equipment routine maintenance items according to the maintenance period. It provides detailed information of instruments and meters, test procedures, normal result, troubleshooting and recovery after test.

Appendix A, Common Maintenance Tables

This appendix provides common maintenance tables to be filled by maintenance personnel.

Related Documentation

The documentation set also includes the following manuals:

ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Guide to Documentation

ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Maintenance Manual (Emergency Handling)

ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Maintenance Manual (Troubleshooting)

ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Technical Manual

ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual

ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Installation Manual

About this manual

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION iii

Conventions

ZTE documents employ the following typographical conventions.

T AB L E 2 – TY P O G R AP H I C A L C O N V E N T I O N S

Typeface Meaning

Italics References to other Manuals and documents.

“Quotes” Links on screens.

Bold Menus, menu options, function names, input fields, radio button names, check boxes, drop-down lists, dialog box names, window names.

CAPS Keys on the keyboard and buttons on screens and company name.

Constant width Text that you type, program code, files and directory names, and function names.

[ ] Optional parameters.

{ } Mandatory parameters.

| Select one of the parameters that are delimited by it.

Note: Provides additional information about a certain topic.

Checkpoint: Indicates that a particular step needs to be checked before proceeding further.

Tip: Indicates a suggestion or hint to make things easier or more productive for the reader.

T AB L E 3 – M O U S E OP E R AT I O N C O N V E N T I O N S

Typeface Meaning

Click Refers to clicking the primary mouse button (usually the left mouse button) once.

Double-click Refers to quickly clicking the primary mouse button (usually the left mouse button) twice.

Right-click Refers to clicking the secondary mouse button (usually the right mouse button) once.

Drag Refers to pressing and holding a mouse button and moving the mouse.

Typographical Conventions

Mouse Operation

Conventions


iv Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

How to Get in Touch

The following sections provide information on how to obtain support for the documentation and the software.

If you have problems, questions, comments, or suggestions regarding your product, contact us by e-mail at [email protected]. You can also call our customer support center at (86) 755 26771900 and (86) 800-9830-9830.

ZTE welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality and usefulness of this document. For further questions, comments, or suggestions on the documentation, you can contact us by e-mail at [email protected]; or you can fax your comments and suggestions to (86) 755 26772236. You can also browse our website at http://support.zte.com.cn, which contains various interesting subjects like documentation, knowledge base, forum and service request.

Customer Support

Documentation Support

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 1

C h a p t e r 1

Safety Instructions

This chapter explains the safety symbols and safety measures to observe during routine maintenance.

Overview It is important to read safety instructions before operation and maintenance of ZXG10-BS30 equipment. These instructions are supplementary to any local safety regulations in place. In case of any conflict, local safety regulations shall prevail.

Maintenance personnel should have preliminary knowledge about safety operations and must have received training on ZTE equipment maintenance and operations.

Observe related equipment precautions and special safety instructions during maintenance, provided by ZTE.

Some important safety instructions are discussed in the chapter. ZTE shall not bear any liabilities incurred by violation of universal safety operation requirements, or violation of safety standards for designing, manufacturing and equipment usage.


2 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Safety Symbols Table 4 lists general safety symbols used in the manual.

T AB L E 4 – GE N E R AL S A F E T Y S Y M B O L S

Safety Symbol Meaning

No smoking: Smoking is forbidden.

No Flammables: No flammable materials can be stored.

No touching: Do not touch.

Universal alarm: General safety precaution.

Erosion: Beware of erosion.

Electric shock: There is a risk of electric shock.

Electrostatic: Device may be sensitive to static electricity.

High temperature: Surface is hot and may cause personal injury if touched.

Microwave: Beware of strong electromagnetic field.

Laser: Beware of strong laser beam.

Universal alarm symbols comprises of four levels: Danger, warning, caution and note in descending of criticality.

Danger: Indicates an imminently hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. Limit its use to only extreme situations.

Warning: Indicates a hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in serious injuries, equipment damages or interruption of major services.

Chapter 1 –Safety Instruction


Caution: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in moderate injuries, equipment damages or partial service interruption.

Note: Indicates helpful information that if ignored, could result in minor injuries, equipment damages or partial service interruption.

Every safety symbol has a text description of its safety level and a detailed description of its contents.

Toxicant

Warning: Beryllia is a toxic chemical commonly used in transistors and base stations components, such as power amplifier circuit and hybrid combiner circuit. Do not make direct contact with these components.

Broken, ruptured or squashed beryllia components produce beryllia powder, which is extremely harmful to human skin and mucous membrane.

Beryllia components are dangerous only when they are broken, so they need a lot of care while installing and disposing.

While disposing beryllia components, comply with local regulations of chemical or special waste disposal.

In case of any accident or any physical contact involving beryllia, rinse the wound with water and rush to a hospital for proper treatment.

Personnel exposed to such components must have complete knowledge about precautionary measures to avoid any hazards.

Warning: Some components in base station contain chemicals like hydrochloride. These components release toxic gas when burnt.

Do not burn components to prevent toxic gas release after combustion. Dispose off according to the local regulations of chemical or special waste disposal.

Beryllia

Hydrochloride



Electrical Safety

Warning: In high DC and AC voltage operation, use special purpose tools.

Danger: Direct or indirect contact with high DC or AC voltage through any moist object may result in serious injury.

AC equipment installation must comply with the local safety regulations.

Personnel responsible for AC equipment installation must have proper qualification in high DC and AC power.

Do not wear a watch, chain, bracelet, ring or any other conductive objects while working with high voltages.

Prevent moisture from entering the equipment while working in a moist environment.

Note: Never install or uninstall power cables while they are live because when touched with a conductor may produce sparks, resulting in fire or damage to eyes.

Shut down the power supply before installing or uninstalling a power cable.

Connect cables according to the labels and instructions given in installation and hardware manuals.

Warning: Drilling in the cabinet without prior permission is prohibited.

Unnecessary drilling can damage cables inside the cabinet. The metal pieces blown due to drilling can cause short circuits in the circuit board.

While drilling in the cabinet, wear gloves and move aside cables in the cabinet. Protect eyes from metal pieces blowing while drilling.

Clean the cabinet after drilling.

Tools

High Voltage

Power Cables

Drilling



Danger: Do not perform high voltage and tower operations in thunderstorm.

Thunderstorm produces a strong electromagnetic field in the atmosphere, so avoid all tower and high voltage operations.

Take lightning protection measures by grounding the equipment to prevent any damage.

Antistatic

Note: Static electricity produced by human body can damage sensitive components on the circuit board, such as large integrated circuits (ICs).

Friction caused by human body is the root cause of electrostatic charge accumulation. In dry weather, the static charge carried by human body can be up to 30 kV and can remain in human body for a long time. Person carrying static charge can damage a component by touching and hence transferring the charge to the component.

To prevent human static charge from damaging sensitive components, wear antistatic wrist strap and ground its other end before touching the equipment or holding a plug board, circuit board, IC chip etc.

To prevent accidental electric shock, serially connect the connection cable between the wrist and grounding point with a resistor above 1 MΩ. A resistor above 1 MΩ is enough to discharge static voltage.

Check antistatic wrist strap regularly and never use a cable other than the original cable that comes along with the wrist strap.

Static-sensitive module or board should not touch the objects that can carry static electricity. For example, friction caused by package bags, transfer box and transfer belt made from insulation plastic, may cause electrostatic shock to the components because they can transfer static charge from human body or floor.

Keep the static-sensitive module or board in anti-static bag during storage and transportation.

Ground the test device to discharge the static charge before use.

Do not place the module or board near strong magnetic field, such as cathode-ray tube of the monitor. Keep it at least 10 cm away.

Lightning



Battery

Danger: A short-circuited battery can be harmful to human body. Although common batteries have low voltage, but instant powerful current caused by short circuit can release a great amount of energy.

Prevent metal objects to short circuit the battery, for example, short circuit caused by mishandling the operation tools. If possible, cut the battery supply before any operation.

Danger: Do not use any unsealed lead-acid battery, because the gases released by the battery may erode the equipment or cause fire. Fix the battery and place it horizontally.

Select a ventilated place for the battery having proper fire protection measures because a battery can release combustible gases. To prevent high temperature due to sunshine, equip the battery room with sun-screening curtains.

Danger: Very high temperature of the battery may cause deformation, damage or acid liquid overflow.

If the battery temperature exceeds 60ºC, check acid liquid overflow in the battery.

If acid liquid has overflowed, dispose off according to the local regulations of chemical or special waste disposal.

Danger: If acid liquid overflows, absorb and neutralize it as soon as possible.

Take special care of the acid liquids while moving a soaked battery. If acid liquid overflows, use NaHCO3, Na2CO3 or Na2CO3.10H2O to neutralize and absorb it.

Substances used for absorption and neutralization of acid liquids must conform to battery manufacturers’ instructions.

Danger: Do not replace the standard model battery with any other model battery because it might explode.

Short Circuit

Harmful Gases

High Temperature

Acid Liquids

Battery Replacement



Electromagnetic Radiation

An antenna of a device generates electromagnetic radiations. The safety requirement might not be sufficient at a place too near to the antenna. Personnel with proper training and relevant qualifications must install and maintain the equipment. Equipment radiation design shall comply with IEEE C95.1-1991.

Warning: Operating on high intensity RF equipment can seriously affect human body.

During installation and maintenance of the antenna on a tower mounted with several antennas from different operators, there must be mutual agreement to shutdown the transmission.

Warning: During installation and servicing operations around the operating antenna, keep adequate distance from the antenna.

Do not unplug the transmitter output feeder connector or the antenna feeder cable connector while the transmitter is operating.

Shut down the transmitter before unplugging the feeder cable connector or working beside the transmitter antenna.

Working at Heights

Warning: While working at heights, prevent objects from falling down.

Working at heights should conform to local national service regulation requirements, such as:

All personnel working at heights must undergo proper training.

Prevent operation machinery and tools from falling down.

Wear helmet and safety belt as a safety precaution.

Wear cold-protection clothes in cold areas.

Check all hoisting equipment before working at heights.

Hoisting Weights



Warning: Do not stay or walk under the hoisted weight.

To move, replace or dismantle heavy equipment, make sure that appropriate facilities are available.

Personnel to perform hoisting tasks must have proper training.

Check hoisting tools and make sure they are firmly fixed on support frame or walls.

Check the ladder if it is in good condition for use. Do not overweight the ladder.

Before climbing on a ladder, make sure that someone is holding it. Adopt proper safety measures when there is a tilt over 5 m, 3 m for an upright ladder or when used in dangerous operation environment. Expand A-type ladder, completely.

Ideally, a ladder tilt is of 75 degrees. Bottom ends of the ladder should not be slippery. Place the ladder firmly on a flat area. Do not place it over the objects that can slide or move, such as cartons and stones.

Always face the ladder while climbing it. Keep the center of gravity within the ladder edges. Hold the ladder with one hand and make sure to place both feet on the ladder. Do not climb beyond last four steps. Ladder used to climb onto a roof should be at least 1 m above the eave.

Fans

Warning: Keep fingers or body away from the running fan blades. Do not use any tool on the fan before it is powered off and fan blades stop.

When replacing parts, put screws, tools and parts in a safe place. If they fall into the running fan, they can damage the fan or other devices.

While working with devices near the fan, keep fingers or devices away from the fan to avoid human injury or damage to devices.

High Temperature

Warning: Surface temperature of some components is very high. Do not touch it.

Using Ladders



Plugging/Unplugging a Module

Note: Do not plug a board with force as it might bend the pins at the backplane. Insert the board along the slot.

While holding a board in hand, keep hands off the board circuits, components, connectors and wiring.

Do Not’s

Note: Do not conduct internal maintenance or equipment debugging without prior permission.

Replacing parts or changing equipment may incur extra danger, therefore, do not replace parts or change the equipment without prior permission.

To ensure safety, please contact ZTE in case of any problem.


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C h a p t e r 2

Overview

To ensure stable and reliable operation of the BTS equipment, effective maintenance measures are very important. Routine maintenance helps to discover and solve problems in due time. This chapter gives an overview about:

Routine maintenance classification

Routine maintenance precautions

Common maintenance methods

Routine Maintenance Classification BS30 routine maintenance is classified into:

Routine maintenance

Handling notification messages

Handling alarm messages

Troubleshooting

It refers to regular maintenance that involves periodic checking of running status of the equipment and fixing problems in time. The intention should be to detect hidden problems, prevent accidents, locate faults and fix them as soon as possible.

It refers to the analysis made upon the receipt of various notification messages that generate while the system is running or when there is any abnormal behavior shown by the system.

It refers to the analysis made upon the receipt of various alarm messages that generate while the system is running and when a fault is recognized.

Routine Maintenance

Handling Notification

Messages

Handling Alarm

Messages



It is the process to analyze and resolve faults identified through notification and alarm messages.

Routine Maintenance Precautions Important precautionary measures for routine maintenance are:

Keep the equipment room clean and at normal temperature and humidity level. Take measure to keep it dust-proof, damp-proof, and away from insects and rats.

Ensure stable and reliable primary power supply system. Periodically check lightning and grounding system, especially before and after a thunderstorm season.

Make work routines for maintenance personnel and keep a shift record to specify responsibilities. Set maintenance regulations for equipment room. For future reference, maintain a detailed attendant’s log to provide records of system operation, version, data change, upgrading and troubleshooting after fault detection.

Set different NM passwords for different access rights and change them periodically. NM passwords must be accessible to maintenance personnel only.

Before taking over the maintenance post, maintenance personnel must have knowledge about the equipment and network architecture. Follow the instructions described in BS30 manuals. Wear antistatic wrist strap before touching the equipment to avoid accidents.

Cautiously plug or unplug boards, change over boards, load or change data (particularly NM database). Take data backup before making any changes. Do not delete data backup until the equipment runs smoothly for some time (for example, a week). Save all data changes in time.

Prepare frequently used tools and meters, such as, screws (straight head and cross head), signal testers, network cables, network cable pliers, multimeter, antistatic wrist strap, insulation tape and common tool kit. Regularly check meters’ accuracy.

Regularly check spare parts to maintain sufficient inventory of frequently used spare parts. Prevent the inventory from dampness or mold. Keep defective spare parts separate from the new ones during replacement and label them for distinction convenience. Restock frequently used spare parts well in time.

Place software and documentation, required during maintenance, at a convenient place.

Troubleshooting

Chapter 2 –Overview


Make sure that lighting in the equipment room is bright enough for maintenance.

Immediately contact ZTE’s local office incase of any emergency. Write telephone number and address of ZTE’s local office at a place where it is viewable to all maintenance personnel. Remember to get the latest contact numbers of ZTE.

Note: Ensure availability of AC power outlet at every site.

Common Maintenance Methods There are a number of methods to locate faults during routine maintenance. Some common methods are as follows:

This is the first method that maintenance personnel adopt while detecting faults. It is available in the alarm management and operation log interface of OMCR, refer to ZXG10-BSS (v2.95) Operation Manual.

Current alarms, history alarms and general notifications reported by various network elements are available in alarm management interface. This interface helps in detecting abnormity in the system, locating and isolating a fault, and troubleshooting it.

Operation log can help in quickly tracking down the changes made in system parameters, locating related terminals and operators, and detecting manually generated faults.

Analyzing LED indicator status is a common maintenance method. Observe LED indicator status on the front panels of various boards to locate faults.

Maintenance personnel must have complete knowledge about all LED indicators.

Maintenance personnel manage BSS system performance and track signaling though performance management interface of OMCR, refer to ZXG10-BSS (v2.95) Operation Manual.

Maintenance personnel can create performance measurement tasks in performance measurement interface. Generate

View Alarm and Operation

Log

Analyze LED Indicator

Status

Performance Analysis



performance reports to view BSS performance indices, such as cell traffic, SDCCH and TCH congestion ratio, handover success and failure. Information analysis helps to know about the network load distribution and adjust network parameters to improve network performance.

BSS signal tracing, including Gb interface signaling, is available in signal tracing interface. It includes commissioning, viewing signaling procedures for maintenance purpose, and finding problems during signaling coordination.

It refers to the auxiliary instruments used by the maintenance personnel for fault analysis, location and troubleshooting. Instruments include testing handset, spectrum analyzer, signaling analyzer, power meter and site master.

It refers to removing faults caused by loose connectors or modules. The following steps describe the procedure:

1. Power off the board

2. Unscrew the board screws

3. Remove external interface cables

4. Unplug and plug the board

5. Connect the external interface cables

6. Press the cable connectors

7. Power on the board

It is a method to interchange a would-be faulty board with a similar board in terms of operational status, jumper and connection lines. It can be a board in the same slot position in another module. This method helps to check whether the board has a fault.

Change is a method to replace a would-be faulty board with a spare part or a normal board within the system. Use this method to check whether the fault disappears. Refer to Appendix A of ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Troubleshooting Manual for plugging and unplugging a board.

If certain part in the system is faulty, isolate it from the related circuit boards or cabinets to check if the fault is due to interaction. For example, self-loop on E1 interface in the CMM board can remove CMM or transmission fault.

Self-test can help to identify a fault when system or board reboots. Generally, when a board powers on, LED indicators on the board flash regularly. If they do not flash, it means there is a problem.

Instrument Analysis

Plugging and Unplugging

Interchange and Change

Isolation

Self-Test

Chapter 2 –Overview


In practical operations, the above methods along with the work experience of the maintenance personnel are useful in handling faults during maintenance.

Synthesis Method


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C h a p t e r 3

Routine Maintenance

This chapter explains BS30 equipment routine maintenance items according to the maintenance period. It provides detailed information of instruments and meters, test procedures, normal result, troubleshooting and recovery after test.

Daily Routine Maintenance Daily routine maintenance of BS30 equipment includes:

View current/board alarms

View current notifications

View real-time carrier attributes

Create daily performance report

Create daily traffic report

View Current/Board Alarms

View all current/board alarms in the alarm management interface of OMCR client.

Refer to ZXG10-BSS (v2.95) Base Station Subsystem Operation Manual.

All board indicators show green blinking dots in the physical rack view of alarm management, indicating that all modules are working normally and there is no alarm.

Perform troubleshooting with reference to Knowledge Management in Alarm Management interface of OMCR (v2.95).

Instruments and Meters

Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting



View Current Notifications

View current notifications of a cell in the alarm management interface of OMCR client.


There is no notification in cells.

Perform troubleshooting with reference to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Troubleshooting Manual.

View Real-time Carrier Attributes

View real-time attributes of a carrier in the dynamic data management interface of OMCR client.


Carrier attributes displayed in the interface.

Check the dynamic data of carrier. If it is not normal, perform troubleshooting with reference to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Troubleshooting Manual.

Create Daily Performance Report

Create a daily performance report through performance management interface of OMCR client.


Values are within the permissible limit of the planned GOS of the telecom operator.

Check the base station if it works normally based on the statistics in the daily performance report. If it is not working normally, refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Troubleshooting Manual


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Chapter 3 – Routine Maintenance


for handling signaling channel congestion, voice channel congestion and handover faults.

Create a Daily Traffic Report

Create a daily traffic report through performance management interface of OMCR client.



Perform troubleshooting with reference to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Troubleshooting Manual.

Weekly Routine Maintenance Weekly routine maintenance of BS30 equipment includes:

Query history alarms

Count alarm frequency

Analyze performance report

Query History Alarms

Query history alarms in the alarm management interface of OMCR client.


Observe and analyze the alarms that occur repeatedly and perform troubleshooting steps.


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting


Test Procedure

Troubleshooting



Count Alarm Frequency

Collect alarm frequency statistics on the alarm management interface of OMCR client.


These statistics are based on frequency of alarms. Analyze the higher frequency alarms and perform troubleshooting steps.

Analyze Performance Report

Analyze the daily traffic reports and performance reports over the past week to check whether the fault exists. If so, perform troubleshooting steps to remove it.

Monthly Routine Maintenance Monthly routine maintenance of BS30 equipment includes:

Create monthly performance report

Cell performance analysis

Create monthly operation report

Create Monthly Performance Report

Create a monthly performance report through the performance management interface of OMCR client.



Analyze cell performance indices with reference to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Troubleshooting Manual for information of traffic, call drop ratio and handover success ratio.


Test Procedure

Troubleshooting


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting



Cell Performance Analysis

Collect worst cell statistics that is affecting the operations through performance management interface of OMCR client.



Analyze the causes of poor performance in the bad cell based on the cell performance statistics and take appropriate action.

Create Monthly Operation Report

Fill the monthly maintenance form according to the monthly performance report and troubleshooting. Monthly maintenance form serves as the monthly operation report.


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting



Biannual Routine Maintenance Biannual routine maintenance of BS30 equipment requires all maintenance personnel to perform field maintenance at all stations according to the list shown in Table 5.

T AB L E 5 – B I AN N U AL R O U T I N E M AI N T E N A N C E TE S T I T E M S

Category Test Item

Check Power Voltage

Check Dust

Check Door and Lock

Check Environment Monitoring Equipment

Check Shield Condition

Check Fans

Check CMM Status

Check TRM Status Check TSM Status Check Backplane Status

Check DPM Status

Check PWM Status Check Power Supply Module Status Check PWMD Status

Measure PA Output Power

Check Clock Synchronization

Check Antenna and Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA)

Check Directional Antenna Obliquity

Check and Maintain Active Equipment

Check Antenna Feeder Connectors Waterproofing and Lightning Grounding Tab

Measure Combiner Return Loss Measure Return

Loss Measure Antenna Return Loss

Check VSWR

Check and Maintain Interfaces

Check E1 Cables

Check Lightning Arrester

Check Grounding Cables

Measure Grounding Resistance

Check Transmission Equipment

Check and Maintain Auxiliary Equipment

Check Batteries



Check Power Voltage

Multimeter

Use a multimeter to check whether power voltage is normal.

Check whether power cable is old and needs replacement.

ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) supports 220 V AC or -48 V DC power supply. The allowed fluctuation range of -48 V DC is –57 V DC ~ –40 V DC. The allowed fluctuation range of 220 V AC is 130 V ~ 300 V.

The power cable is in good condition.

If fluctuation of power supply voltage is not within the allowed range, check the external power supply equipment.

Replace old power cable.

None

Check Dust

Duster

Check equipment from inside for any cobweb or obvious dust.

Equipment is clean and there is no obvious dust.

Clean the equipment.

None

Check Door and Lock

None

Check whether the cabinet door is damaged. Lock the door to check the door lock.

Cabinet door closes and locks properly. There is no damage.


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result



Repair or replace the damaged items.

None

Check Shield Condition

None

Check whether the shield is normal and not damaged.

Shield is in normal condition and not damaged.

Repair or replace the damaged items.

None

Check Fans

None

Check whether the fans are working normally and the rotational speed is constant.

Check fan alarms in the alarm management interface of OMCR client.

Fans are working normally and have constant rotational speed.

There are no fan alarms.

Replace the faulty fan.

None

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test



Check CMM Status

None

Check the LED indicators on CMM board.

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the normal LED indicators on CMM board.

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check abnormal LED indicators on CMM board.

For troubleshooting CMM board alarms, refer to Knowledge Management in Alarm Management interface of OMCR (v2.95).

None

Check TRM Status

None

Check the LED indicators on TRM board.

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the normal LED indicators on TRM board.

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check abnormal LED indicators on TRM board.

For troubleshooting TRM board alarms, refer to Knowledge Management in Alarm Management interface of OMCR (v2.95).

None

Check Backplane Status

None

Check the LED indicators in the backplane.


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure



Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the normal LED indicators in the backplane.

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the abnormal LED indicators in the backplane.


None

Check DPM Status

None

Check the LED indicators on Duplexer Module (DPM).

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the normal LED indicators on DPM.

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the abnormal LED indicators on DPU.


None

Note: BS30 supports 220 V AC or -48 V DC power supplies. 220 V AC power supply module is called PWM, and -48 V DC power supply module is called PWMD.

Check PWM Status

None

Check the LED indicators on PWM.

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the normal LED indicators on PWM.

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result



Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the abnormal LED indicators on PWM.


None

Check PWMD Status

None

Check the LED indicators on PWMD.

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the normal LED indicators on PWMD.

Refer to ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual to check the abnormal LED indicators on PWMD.

None

Measure PA Output Power

One 3 1/2 digital multimeter

One 150 W thru-line power meter

RF cables

Other connectors

1. Turn the PWM (or PWMD) switch to OFF position to power off the BTS.

2. Unscrew the connector (Ant_TX/RX) on DPM, used to connect the antenna feeder. Connect the thru-line power meter and a large-power load.

Note: When antenna is disconnected, connect a 100 W microwave power load. No additional load is required when antenna is connected.

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure



3. Turn on the power supply, initiate transmission (output available on DPM), set power level to maximum, and read the power value.

Output power at the antenna interface should be greater than 30 W (output power of TRM is greater than 40 W).

1. Check power control parameters in OMCR.

2. Check RF cable connection between TRM and DPM, and between DPM and antenna feeder.

3. Measure output power from TRM to DPM to check whether the fault is in TRM or DPM. Replace the faulty module.

1. Release the connection between thru-line power meter, large power load and amplifier output terminal.

2. Restore the connection between amplifier output and DPM.

Check Clock Synchronization

A cymometer and a laptop installed with Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) software.

1. Configure the BTS to internal clock through OMCR. Refer to ZXG10-BSS (v2.95) Base Station Subsystem Operation Manual.

2. Connect the cymometer to 13 MHz clock-testing interface on the backplane.

3. Connect laptop COM port to the LMT interface at the bottom of BS30 cabinet.

4. Calibrate the Clock Unit (CKU) on LMT interface. Refer to ZXG10-BSS (v2.95) Base Station Subsystem Operation Manual.

Clock calibrates to 13 MHz ± 0.025 ppm.

If it is not possible to calibrate the clock within the above range, replace the CMM board.

Reset the base station to its original mode if previously it was working in external synchronization mode.

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test



Check Antenna and Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA)

Spanner set

1. Check whether the antenna and antenna support clamps are fixed.

2. Check whether the TMA clamps are fixed.

Antenna and tower amplifiers are fixed and do not move or slide.

Tighten the screws using spanner.

None

Check Directional Antenna Obliquity

Goniometer

Rotary goniometer with air bubble shows how to check the obliquity of the directional antenna, see example in Figure 1.

F I G U R E 1 – RO T A R Y GO N I O M E T E R W I T H AI R B U B B L E

0

1020

30

40

50

6070

80

90

8070

60

50

50

6070

8090

8070

60

50

40

3020

10

43210

576

8

87

65

43

21

01

23

45

67

887

65

43

21

215

12

1

152

12

1

DIAL

1. Place goniometer on the measured object, as shown in Figure 2.


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure



F I G U R E 2 – ME AS U R I N G T H E OB L I Q U I T Y

1 2 3012

3

80

80

78

60

4

6

5

70

50

8

6050

70

567 234

12 156080

90

4

70

875 61

4050

30

10

20

2010

30

2

015

5

60

8090

70

101

432

8

4050

121

76 D

IAL

2

2. Rotate the dial until the bubble in the air bleeder is in the middle of two indication rings.

3. Read the scale on the dial.

Obliquity is according to the network plan.

1. Rotate the dial to the set angle.

2. Place the measured object against the dial chassis firmly. Move them together until the bubble in the air bleeder is in the middle of two indication rings as shown in Figure 3.

F I G U R E 3 – AD J U S T I N G T H E LO W E R OB L I Q U I T Y

3

60

7

50

86

54

1250

1

278 356 4

507060 80

34

0121

60

7080

90

86

5

7 DIAL

0

3070

1030

4020

2010

72

2

8090

011

7080 60

43 65

12 15

4050

81

2

215

None

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test



Check Antenna Feeder Connectors Waterproofing and Lightning Grounding Tab

Waterproof adhesive tape, sealing adhesive tape, insulation tape.

Check if there is any leakage or crack in the antenna feeder terminals and the lightning protection grounding kits.

There is no leakage or crack.

1. Power off the BS30.

2. Remove existing waterproof material.

3. Wrap the terminal with waterproof adhesive tape, followed by sealing adhesive tape, and finally by insulation tape.

4. Wrap the adhesive tape layer-by-layer bottom-up to avoid rainwater leakage.

5. Power on the BS30.

None

Measure Combiner Return Loss

Site master

50 ohm SMA (M) matched load

SMA torque spanner

N(M)-N(M) testing cable

1. Calibrate the site master.

2. Loosen the jumper terminal connected to the antenna interface on the combiner.

3. Connect site master to the antenna interface (ANT) on the combiner through a testing cable. Connect a matched load to the other interfaces on the combiner.

4. Read the site master, and check whether the return loss on the ANT is within the valid range.

Test result is more than 18 dB.


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result



If test result is out of range, replace the DPM.

Reconnect the jumper terminal to the antenna interface on the combiner to restore the system.

Shut down other power equipment in the BTS prior to the test.

Measure Antenna Return Loss

Site master, testing cable


2. Loosen the jumper terminal connected to the antenna.

3. Connect site master to the antenna through a testing cable.

4. Read the site master, and check whether the return loss of the antenna is within the valid range.

Test result is more than 14 dB.

If test result is out of range, replace the antenna.

Reconnect the jumper terminal to the interface on the antenna to restore the system.

Shut down other power equipment in the base station prior to the test.

Check VSWR

None

1. Observe the backplane LED indicators to check whether there are SWR1 or SWR2 alarms.

2. Check whether the RF cable of the antenna feeder is old.

Backplane LED indicators show no SWR alarms.

RF cable of the antenna feeder is not old.

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test

Precautions


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test

Precautions


Test Procedure

Normal Result



1. Refer to Measure Antenna Return Loss to check the method for measuring VSWR of the jumper, feeder and antenna, segment-by-segment starting from the combiner outlet.

2. If RF cable is old, refer to Appendix A of ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Troubleshooting Manual for information about RF cable replacement.

Reconnect the jumper terminals and RF cables to the interface on the antenna and DPM to restore the system.

Check E1 Cables

None

1. Check whether E1 cable is old, damaged or has deformed.

2. Check whether E1 terminal is fixed.

3. Observe SYN LED indicator on CMM board, to check if E1 interface is faulty.

E1 cable is not old, damaged or deformed.

E1 terminal is fixed.

SYN LED indicator on CMM board is normal.

1. If SYN LED indicator on CMM is red, E1 interface is broken or disconnected. Check E1 interface trunk cable if it is properly connected.

2. If the E1 interface trunk cable is old, refer to Appendix A of ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Troubleshooting Manual for information on trunk cable replacement.

None

Check Lightning Arrester

Site master

50 Ohm N (F) matched load

Testing cable

Adapter N (M)-7/16DIN (M), N (M)-7/16DIN (F)

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test




Take 1/4λ wavelength lightning arrester and perform the following steps:

1. Power off BS30.

2. Loosen the jumper terminals connected to both ends of the lightning arrester.


4. Connect site master to one interface on the lightning arrester through a testing cable.

5. Connect matched load to the other end of the lightning arrester (matched load can be an antenna).

6. Read the site master and check whether return loss of the lightning arrester is within the valid range.

7. Repeat steps 4 ~ 6 to measure the return loss of other interfaces on the lightning arrester.

8. Adjust multimeter to X10K, to measure resistance of the conductor in high-frequency sockets at both ends of the lightning arrester.

9. Adjust multimeter to X1, to measure resistance between the conductor in antenna and ground.

Technical indices of the lightning arrester comply with the product specifications. Return loss is more than 20 dB.

Resistance of the conductor in high-frequency sockets at both ends of the lightning arrester is more than 20 M Ohm.

Resistance between the conductor in antenna and ground is approximately 0 Ohm.

If test result is not within the valid range, replace the lightning protection arrester. Refer to Appendix A of ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Troubleshooting Manual for information about antenna feeder lightning arrester replacement.

Restore the jumper connections on both ends of the lightning arrester.

Power on the BS30.

Avoid damaging grounding of the lightning protection arrester.

Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test

Precautions



Check Grounding Cables

None

Check whether the grounding cable connectors are loose, rusty or old.

Connectors are not loose, rusty or old.

1. Disconnect the grounding cable

2. Replace the grounding cable

3. Reconnect the grounding cable

None

Measure Grounding Resistance

Megger ground tester

1. Disconnect grounding drop line from the equipment, and connect to the ground resistance tester.

2. Mount two auxiliary grounding rods 20 m and 40 m away from the testing point (remote voltage and remote current respectively). Water the surroundings to ensure good contact between ground and the grounding rods.

3. Connect two auxiliary grounding rods and terminals of the megger ground tester with a conducting wire. Measure the ground resistance.

Ground resistance is less than 5 Ohm.

Note: Measure ground resistance according to the design requirements.

Check the connection between the ground drop line and ground grid.

Check whether the ground grid system complies with the design, and layers of charcoal/coke and salt are added as per design. Water the grounding pit regularly.

None


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test



Check Transmission Equipment

Refer to transmission equipment manufacturer’s manual.

Check whether the LED indicators on transmission equipment show any alarm.

No alarm

Refer to transmission equipment manufacturer’s manual.

None

Check Batteries

None

Check battery leakage and battery connections.

All connections are normal and there is no battery leakage.

Refer to the Battery instructions in safety instructions section.

None


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


Test Procedure

Normal Result

Troubleshooting

Recovery After Test


A p p e n d i x A

Common Maintenance Tables

Daily Maintenance Record Table T AB L E 6 – D AI L Y M AI N T E N A N C E R E C O R D T AB L E

Site No.

Site Name

Operation Equipment Status

Conducted by

Remarks



Weekly Maintenance Record Table T AB L E 7 – W E E K L Y M AI N T E N AN C E R E C O R D T AB L E

Site No.

Site Name


Conducted by

Remarks

Appendix A


Monthly Maintenance Record Table T AB L E 8 – M O N T H L Y M AI N T E N AN C E R E C O R D T AB L E

Site No.

Site Name


Conducted by

Remarks



Quarterly Maintenance Record Table T AB L E 9 – QU AR T E R L Y M AI N T E N AN C E R E C O R D T AB L E

Site No.

Site Name


Conducted by

Remarks

Appendix A


Emergency Fault Record Table T AB L E 10 – EM E R G E N C Y F AU L T R E C O R D T AB L E

Office Name: Personnel:

Time of Occurrence: Time of Resolution:

Fault Source: User Complaint Found in Daily Routine Maintenance

Alarm System Others

Fault Type:

Fault Symptom:

Troubleshooting:

Result:

Comments:


A p p e n d i x B

Abbreviations

Abbreviation Full Name

A

AEM Antenna Equipment Module

B

BSC Base Station Controller

BTS Base Transceiver Station

C

CDU Combiner Distribution Unit

CHP Channel Processor

CMM Controller & Maintenance Module

CPU Central Processing Unit

CU Carrier Unit

D

DPM Duplexer Module

DPU Duplexer Unit

F

FU Frame Unit

FUC Frame Unit Controller

H

HDLC High Level Data Link Controller

HW HighWay

I

IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identification

IMSI International Mobile Station Identification

L

LAC Location Area Code

LAI Location Area Identity



Abbreviation Full Name

LAPD Link Access Procedure “D” Channel

LMT Local Maintenance Terminal

M

MO Manage Object

P

PA Power Amplifier

PAS Power Amplifier Supply

PWM AC Power Supply Module (220 V)

PWMD DC Power Supply Module (-48 V)

R

RCU Radio Carrier Unit

RDU Receiver Distribution Unit

S

SWR Standing Wave Ratio

T

TMA Tower Mounted Amplifier

TPU Transceiver Process Unit

TRM Transceiver Module (40 W module)

TRX Transceivers


Figures

Figure 1 – Rotary Goniometer with Air Bubble....................... 29 Figure 2 – Measuring the Obliquity...................................... 30 Figure 3 – Adjusting the Lower Obliquity.............................. 30


Tables

Table 1 – Manual Summary ................................................. ii Table 2 – Typographical Conventions.................................... iii Table 3 – Mouse Operation Conventions ............................... iii Table 4 – General Safety Symbols.........................................2 Table 5 – Biannual Routine Maintenance Test Items .............. 22 Table 6 – Daily Maintenance Record Table............................ 37 Table 7 – Weekly Maintenance Record Table......................... 38 Table 8 – Monthly Maintenance Record Table........................ 39 Table 9 – Quarterly Maintenance Record Table...................... 40 Table 10 – Emergency Fault Record Table ............................ 41


Index

acid liquid overflow................6 alarm frequency statistics.....20 alarm management interface 17 amplifier output ..................28 anti-static bag ......................5 antistatic wrist strap..............5 attendant’s log ...................12 bad cell .............................21 Calibrate............................31 change boards ....................14 current notifications.............18 cymometer ........................28 daily traffic report ......... 19, 20 DPM............................ 26, 27 dynamic data management

interface ........................18 E1 interface trunk cable .......33 electromagnetic field .............5 electrostatic charge ...............5 electrostatic shock ................5 Equipment radiation design ....7 external synchronization mode

....................................28 goniometer ........................29 GOS....................... 18, 19, 20 handover faults...................19 Instrument Analysis ............14 interchange boards..............14 Isolation ............................14 lightning arrester ................34

Local Maintenance Terminal software ........................ 28

Megger ground tester .......... 35 monthly performance report. 20 multimeter....................27, 34 NM database ...................... 12 obliquity ............................ 29 performance management

interface ...................18, 21 PWM ................................. 26 PWMD............................... 27 routine maintenance ........... 17 routine maintenance

precautionary measures ... 12 safety instructions ................1 Self-Test ........................... 15 signaling channel congestion 19 site master ........................ 31 Site master........................ 33 Spanner set ....................... 29 SWR alarms ....................... 32 SYN LED indicator ............... 33 Synthesis Method ............... 15 thru-line power meter ......... 27 TMA.................................. 29 TRM board alarms............... 26 universal alarm symbol..........2 View Operation Log ............. 13 voice channel congestion ..... 19 volatage fluctuation............. 23 worst cell statistics.............. 21

compact outdoor bs30 bts maintenance manual2

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