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    Competition

    Porters model-the threat of intensesegment rivalry

    Threat of new entrants

    Threat of substitute products

    Threat of buyers bargaining power

    Threat of suppliers growing bargainingpower.

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    Identifying the competitors

    Number of sellers and degree ofdifferentiation-monopoly,oligopoly,monopolistic

    competition and pure competition.

    Analyzing competitors-strategies,objectives, strengths and weaknesses

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    Competitive strategy for marketleaders

    Expanding the total market-newcustomers, more usage.

    Defending the market share-premiumperformance, extensive and efficientdealership system, superior service ,full-line strategy and good financing.

    Expanding the market share.

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    Six types of defense strategies

    Position defense- occupying the mostdesirable market space in the mind of theconsumer.

    Flank defense-market leader erectsoutposts to protect a weak front or aninvasion base for counter attack.

    Preemptive defense-more aggressivemaneuver is to attack before the enemystarts its offence.

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    Counter offensive defense-the leader is toinvade the attacker s main territory so that

    they will have to pull back to defend the

    territory.

    Mobile defense-leader moves to newterritories that can serve as future centers

    for defense and offense through marketbroadening and market diversification.

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    Market challenger strategies

    They are in second ,third and lower ranks in an industry.

    It can attack the market leader.

    It can attack firms of its own size.

    It can attack small local and regional firms.

    Different types of attack-

    frontal attack on product,advertising,price anddistribution; the principle of force says that the greaterthe manpower the side will win.cutting price visa vis the

    opponent.

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    Flank attack-attack on enemys weak

    points, on the basis of geographic andsegmental by identifying the weak spots ofthe opponents. To serve uncoveredmarket needs.

    encirclement attackto capture a wideslice of enemy teritory.Bypass attack-bypassing the enemy and attacking easer

    markets, guerrilla warfare-waging small,intermittent attacks to demoralise theopponent like selective price cuts ,intense

    promotional .

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    Market challenger strategies

    Choosing a specific attack strategy-pricediscount, lower price goods, valuedpriced goods and services, prestige

    goods, product innovation, productproliferation, distribution innovation,manufacturingcost reduction ,intensive

    advertising promotion.

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    Market follower strategies

    Counterfeiter-they duplicate the leaders productand package and sell it on the black market.

    Cloner-emulates the leaders products, name

    and packaging with slight variation Imitator-copies some things from the leader but

    maintains differentiation in packaging,advertising ,pricing or location.

    Adapter-improves the product of the leader, andsells it in different markets.

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    Market nicher strategies-leader in a smallmarket or niche.