comprehensive approach toolkit: training needs analysis

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o bring to beamely, coordini, & Rostek, 2

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velopment Caa Canadian F

omprehensivear all instrumenated fashion (2009, p. 11). and military aon, this collab, & Spiece, 20n, & Flear, 20ining and reso

ng and educatoolkit. To thise commercialmatter expertsgroup discussCA. Results s

government dheoretical andcounterparts telationship buwareness trainnsider the typeing needs to bare currently ofor elements ton.

anada -ToronForces (CF) e Approach (Cents of nation(i.e., diplomaThis means thassets. Howevboration has b011; Thomso011). This sugources.

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and training tl that was fullare aimed at

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skills, etc.) re

a need to maiperations to es and skills fo

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Training Need

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earch and Dev“Training Tohe “ability to m in a timely,lie, Gizewski,quires collabo

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allenges may work more mson et al., 2

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appliquée de Rîte à outils dea capacité d’eitaires, informe et coordonnée à l’AE nécesaison des diffc., cette collab& Spiece, 20

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pour mesurer matière d’AE

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LIST

LIST

1. P

2. E

2.1222

2.22

3. T

3.133

3.233

4. D

4.1

REFE

ANNE

A1.A2.A3.

ANNE

B1.B2.B3.

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TRACT ..........

UME ...............

CUTIVE SUM

MAIRE .........

LE OF CONT

OF TABLES

OF FIGURES

PROJECT OV

EXISTING CO

TOOL SEA2.1.1 CF Co2.1.2 Instruc2.1.3 Self-Pa

SUMMARY2.2.1 Recom

TRAINING N

METHODS3.1.1 Subjec3.1.2 Focus

RESULTS 3.2.1 Subjec3.2.2 Focus

DISCUSSION

RECOMME

ERENCES .....

EX A ..............

. CONSENT

. INFORMA

. SUBJECT M

EX B ..............

. CONSENT

. INFORMA

. TRAINING

Compr

Conten

.......................

.......................

MMARY .........

.......................

ENTS ............

.......................

S .....................

VERVIEW ....

OMPREHEN

ARCH ...............urses, Worksh

ctor-Led Trainiaced Training .Y OF COMPREH

mmendations ....

NEEDS ANAL

S .....................t-Matter ExperGroups .................................t Matter ExperGroups ..........

N ......................

ENDATIONS .....

.......................

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T FORM FOR SUTION LETTER FMATTER EXPER

.......................

T FORM FOR FOTION LETTER F

G NEEDS ANALY

rehensive Appr

nts

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.......................

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.......................

NSIVE APPRO

.......................ops, and Exercing .........................................

HENSIVE APPRO.......................

LYSIS .............

.......................rt Interviews .................................................

rt Discussions ........................

.......................

.......................

.......................

.......................

BJECT MATTERFOR SUBJECT MRT MEETING P

.......................

CUS GROUPS ...FOR FOCUS GROYSIS – FOCUS G

roach Toolkit:

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OACH TRAIN

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OACH TRAINING.......................

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R EXPERT MEEMATTER EXPER

ROTOCOL .......

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.......................OUPS ..............GROUP PROTOC

Training Need

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NING TOOLS

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.......................

.......................

.......................

ETINGS .............RT MEETINGS ..........................

.......................

.......................

.......................COL ................

ds Analysis

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% 00% 0% 0% 0% 0% 4.3% 8.6% 0% 8.6% 8.6% 1.4% 9.6% 0% 0% 4.3% 4.3% 0% 4.3% 2.9% 4.3% 0% 0% 8.6% 7.1% 4.3% 0%

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They all underave the aim aepresents. It’sefracts. Everyomewhat diffe

e key gaps in In particular, o build relatioade the case thcesses, normsnt the CA withves may fostert of these. SMby CF staff aerstanding of

ere developednderstanding al as coordinati

the suggestionures, videos oion changes, vional structury the IATF, Hce modules de

critical gap is ed during SM

t’s personalitynstitution is veusiness. It takther. And this

prehensive App

ter Expert DME discussion

lkit might cloh regard to CAs. A number o

ncies, and infl

ion and Trathat emerged ue understandould create a

rstand basicalagreed to by as kind of like lybody sees theerent and that

CA training SMEs felt tha

onships with Ohat it was imps, common prahin operationr collaboratio

MEs argued thand sometimef one’s CA cod in CF courseand relationshion with CA c

ns presented bor modules devisits to the oe, as well as w

Hostile Enviroeveloped by D

face-to-face iME discussion

y driven. If yoery different fkes a little whs is where we

proach Toolkit

Discussionss was to undese. It was also

A training thaof themes emluence activiti

ining for thin the course

ding of the CAstovepipe me

lly what it meall of the variolight going their lane, theirt’s very probl

that was discuat there was aOGD counterportant to undactices, etc.) as. Building a

on as each mehat short presees presented bounterparts. SMes aimed at hihip building ncounterparts i

by SMEs to ineveloped by Oorganizations workshops anonment TrainiDFAIT.

interactions wns. As one mil

ou don’t knowfrom a public

hile, a few coff’re lacking; th

: Training Nee

s erstand the cuo used to und

at might be fumerged from th

ies. Each of th

e Comprehof the SME d

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eans, but it’s vous angles of hrough glass, r light, their alematic.

ussed by SMEan opportunityrparts throughderstand the oas well as themutual under

ember will be entations duriby OGD memMEs did indicigher-level ofneeded to be mis often requi

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nd seminars suing (HET) co

with CA counlitary SME m

w about each oc institution. Wffees, a few dihis is what we

eds Analysis

urrent state of derstand the isurther investighe SME discuthese themes i

hensive Appdiscussions wd to organizatiwork against t

very hard to df what the Comit refracts, or

avenue to that

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ourses, and Str

nterparts. Thismentioned:

other it doesnWe cannot jusinners, you che’re not good

f CA training ssues that wergated in the coussions, relateis briefly desc

proach was the fact thional roles antrue CA coope

do because yomprehensive Ar through a crt piece of glas

k of knowledgbuild a knowr combined el structure andOGDs to propeach other’s soned to offer yment traininot enough expeater understaese opportunile to a wider n theatre.

er CA counterently updatednowledge basevil-Military srategic Recon

s was repeated

n’t really worst go out therehat, you learnd at.

Humansystems

and identify re most ourse of the ed to educatiocribed in the

hat each CA nd eration.

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ng sometimesposure to gainanding of ities for range of

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Nothing bemeeting ando for this this?”

her issue that ises. It was podian or Exercie issues that cte the view th

Other govewindow anthem to takexpensive.

ever, it was emselves, some san understandexercises evein the designentirely on k

ations, the kinys take the learship role andotype that the

[In the traiSo, it’s thekinetic openever. So ifdifficult to

s noted that thexercises are

ary during theneeds to be a

ational realitie

Typically trepresentinhostage inalong. Thein a great friction cacan be botperspective

Compr

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acities, respec011).

eats knowing nd saying, “Lmission? Ho

was discusseointed out thaise Maple Reannot be rem

hat SMEs see

ernment depand they’re eithke somebody

mphasized thasort of represeding of the OGen when OGD

of the exercikinetic solutioetic solution i

ad. If this is and place a greaCF “doesn’t

ining exercisee Comprehenseration…You if you train threalize that y

he realism of e designed. The exercise, andan element of es and train co

the exercises ng the whole Wainwright

ey’re workingdeal of friction be in executh… There nees.

rehensive Appr

e interactions p can promotect and opennes

someone, perListen, this is t

w can we help

ed by SMEs wat exercises thsolve, are oftedied by the Cthis as critica

artments don’her doing opeout of the line

at regardless entation of thGD they repreD member parise. It was poions when the Cis not always n unfamiliar pter tension onplay well in t

es at CFB Wasive Approachhave CIDA a

hat you’re alwyou are not th

the situation he OGD partid thus, it is imconflict withi

onflict resolut

in Wainwrighof governmenby us, fed and

g through the on. For any ption or the frieds to be a re

roach Toolkit:

can facilitatee more effectiss can help to

rsonality-wisethe goal. Whalp each other

was the need that train for joten lacking anCF is the lackal to their train

’t have that caerations or…te and have th

of the presenche CA counteresent) is necerticipation is ninted out thatCF takes the lthe appropria

position for thn an already tthe sandbox”.

ainwright], evh for them, buand you have ways the righthe solution.

with regard toicipants, as pomportant to trein the scenarition skills.

ht, for examplnt team and sd clothed, beiexercise scriparticular missiction can be espect that pe

Training Need

e true relationive cooperatioo ensure that i

e, sitting dowat do you brinand who is g

to have OGD oint operationn element of Ck of OGD avaning.

apacity. Theythey’re doing

hem do trainin

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essary. One wnot possible wtraining durin

lead. Howeveate solution, ahe CF, then ittenuous relatio.

verything is fout all the scenDFAIT, but t

t solution, wh

o the CA is alointed out by eat them cordio between CA

le… we’ll briso on. And of cing taken carept that we buision or for anunderstandin

eople approac

ds Analysis

nship buildingon as shared uindividual vo

wn at a table hng to the tablegoing to be tak

involvement ns, such as ExCA. It was maailability for t

’ve got one pg operations. Tng and the ed

e of an OGD mhrough the us

way to ensure would be to hng these exerer, according and the CF dot may lead to onship, thus r

ocussed on kinnarios, the solthey would noen you get the

lso not sufficone SME, ar

dially. HowevA counterpart

ing out a civilcourse, they ae of and theyilt. What you ny particular ng of the missch the problem

Pa

g that is basedunderstandingices are heard

having a genee? What can yking the lead

in training xercise Mapleade clear thatthese exercise

erson in the The ability fo

ducation is

member se of trained aCA training w

have OGD mercises tends toto the SMEs

oes not necesstruggles ove

reiterating the

netic operatiolution is the

ot be the solutere it’s very

iently considere guests of thver, it was saidts to reflect

lian componeare being held’re all gettingneed to do is challenge the

sion or the frim from differe

age 57

d on g of d

eral you on

e t one es,

or

actors within ember o in sarily er the e

ons.

tion,

ered he d that

ent d

g build

e ction ent

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Beyond thbuilding twithin thecame too operationsduring thesome SMEwhich poi

When askfelt that exbeneficialargued tharoles and

ItbuM

However,challengincourse wokey aspec

Athth

Combininthis aspeclevels of othe CA pr

SMEs sugCF leaderthe CA thoperations

Comp

trategies for Oin Kingston w

was blown awcame out the

Heck, yeah, I…?”

s that a greatearts might incr” SMEs indics filled has beface-to-face tion.

his basic undethrough face-te CF have to dlate in one’s s, which was e Road to HigEs mentionedint delays in c

ked to specifyxposure at thel though someat the CA trairesponsibiliti

t’s great to saut…the Serge

Major…It’s al

, incorporatinng, as SMEs iould require ect.

re we going the bottom? Grhe hilts…We k

ng CA trainingct of training wone’s educatiorocess and all

ggested incorprship, as this mhrough their ims are viewed

prehensive App

OGD involvewas not sold w

way by the quey wanted somI’ll go down.”

r awareness orease participated that avaieen underscortraining in the

erstanding of to-face interado with the timCF career andingrained ear

gh Readiness d that they hadcoordination a

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ay that you’re eant and Warrl the Compre

g CA educatiimplied that teither adding m

to turn it into reat, but whakeep adding a

g with other twithout addinon allows for ows one to be

porating CA emight help to mmediate supand how CA

proach Toolkit

ment could bwell, despite th

uality of trainimebody from ” A lot of guys

of the types anpation. Whileilable seats arred by both me CA, but it al

CA and a neections and coming of CA td therefore dirlier. It was getraining (i.e., d not been exand cooperati

nt in one’s carO level (e.g., W

ning might wto individual

ndividuals.

going to havrant Officer whensive Appr

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pervisors. Thicounterparts

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e considered.he high qualit

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o the career pses are alreadyready overwo

development ng to cut out nd adding and

as joint operakload of perso

which, SMEs aortable in app

o an early staize the CA. Jus institutionalfit into the op

eds Analysis

. One SME saty of training

being conducdown and I wwasn’t sexy,

training oppoipant indicatefilled. Howev

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r mutual undening, other traEs felt that exparily integrateed that expos

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ing should be r officer levelsenior officer levels would

x for the Comperent toolboxeo’s going to g

plan of military saturated. Aorked course o

t and start incbecause all od it just gets m

ations trainingonnel. Addingargued, foster

plying these pr

age of one’s Cunior ranks wlization couldperation; that

aid that the CFg that he receiv

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ortunities avaied, a “seat is aver, the value. Not only do

ness of each ot

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xposure to the e into the waysure to WoG pwas insuffici

rts until deplo

targeted, SMl (e.g., Capt) wlevel (e.g., Mneed to be ta

prehensive Apes than the Caget what?

ry personnel wAdding a CA aor elimination

corporating itour courses armuddled all to

g could be a wg CA trainingrs a better undrocesses in op

CF career, parwould, in turn,d then changeis, as full and

Humansystems

F course he ved.

down becauseone that said, would I go

ilable to OGDalways open e added whenoes it allow fother’s

d relationshipucation issuesCA often

y one saw partners ient. In fact, oyment, at

MEs generally would be

Maj). SMEs ailored to the

pproach, aptain,

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t right from re loaded to ogether.

way of addingg at various derstanding operations.

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cipants identifutionalized. Orsement for Cnced of the oine as a prioriopment of do

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ary advantagersement and thA for future o

ool that was sons was the TID. TCAPF ugh influence ae influence acassessing the

of tool would est impact in fng and educat

Compr

n simply as tothe focus gro

fied some obsOne of the ma

A training. Sperational sigity. While theoctrinal notes, CA into oper

CA environmeon operation

SME discussinter-insurgentraining for t

eed for CA exA training is cMEs, in ordere of working ihe institutionoperations ma

suggested by Tactical Conflses a series oactivities. Thi

ctivities. This e impact of CAnot aid in the

future operatition issues.

rehensive Appr

ools to be expoups.

stacles that win issues discome SMEs fe

gnificance of e integration o as discussedrations. Doctrent and can bs.

ons, with the cy (COIN) mthe CA to opexpertise is seencritical in havr to obtain thain a CA and halization of thay result, as p

a military SMlict Assessmef four questiois informationtype of approA activities sue education ofions. Table 29

roach Toolkit:

ploited by the

ould need to bcussed by SMelt that it was the CA. Othe

of the CA intoby one SME

rinal notes pre disseminate

wrapping upmissions may berations also dn as less of a

ving the develat senior levelhaving expert he lessons leaersonnel with

ME to harnessent and Plannions to assess tn is then fed boach, it was aruch as develof the CA, it co9 summarizes

Training Need

CF. This arg

be overcome MEs was the ne

imperative thers suggestedo CF doctrine

E, may be an areserve the infed to a wide r

p of the missiobe diminisheddiminishes. Lpriority. The

lopment of CAl endorsemenCA operators

arned to date, h current CA

s the lessons ling Framewothe impact thaback to headq

argued, could opment work ould help focs the discussio

ds Analysis

gument was su

for CA trainieed for seniorhat senior leadthe creation o

e may be a sloalternative thaformation learange of perso

on in Afghanid. Thus, the im

Less funding i need for seniA expertise se

nt, real life exas must be shoa lack of persexperience le

learned in preork (TCAPF) at the organizquarters to hebe adapted fodone with CI

cus the use of ons with SME

Pa

upported by la

ing to becomer leadership dership be of CA-specifiow process, that allows for tarned about onnel, thus ha

istan, the urgemportance ofs provided foior level een as a prioramples of the

own. Withoutsonnel trainedeave the CF.

evious CA developed by

zation has hadlp create planor use by CanIDA. While ththe CA for th

Es regarding

age 59

ater

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ic he the

aving

ency f or

rity. e

this d in

y d ns for nada his he

What are t

Everyone hmeant by Cof other co

15 minute “

Little input without civi

Limited OGOGDs have

Limited trairequiremen

Access of ibe limited,

Must be ap

Not appliedMAPLE GUDFAIT roleup, difficult

Resourcestechnology

Courses ar

Accessibilitdeploymen

Maintain lestove-pipin

CIDA very Afghanista

5 This table in the table do not correchallenges m

Comp

Table 29the potential ch

has their own unCA, which may nunterparts

“pitches” not eno

from relevant plilian input, won’t

GD expertise on e limited time/pe

ining time, givennts

nformation to orprevents sharing

pplied or won’t le

d to kinetic trainiUARDIAN EX); ife was not defined

to integrate

(money, time, py

re too short (e.g.

ty of informationnts/operations (i.

essons learned frg and forgetting

silent on lessonn (or classified a

summarizes theare ways in whic

espond to any onmay be address

prehensive App

. Summary hallenges

Unde

nique understandnot align with the

ough

ayers (e.g., OGDt really get the C

EX thus don’t traeople to train wit

n all of the other

rganizations outsg

earn it – still only

ng (e.g., MAPLEf so only as an ad on the mil EX –

personnel) not re

., HET 5 days)

from lessons lee., classified)

rom previous ca

s learned and evand under wraps

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proach Toolkit

of SME dis

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Ds, NGOs, etc.);CA package

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CF training

side the CF may

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ons Learned

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CF veterans

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eds Analysis

Education aties

e Approach

ng where the und

es

OGD involvemen

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rstanding of whoanada from DFAectives of other

Ds what happens

ce-to-face time w

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as implemented

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and Training

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orgs

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ocus of the kineti

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successfully

on the ground

scussions. Oppothe opportunitiethan one challen

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become shared

or to deployment

(values, wareness of whans for all

icture (what’s and CA); mission

itary in ops

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counterparts; the OPP

meaningful,

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senior level endo

political buy in

Afghanistan (COar; “easy to ramp

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are the potenti

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select someone

scussing the ntion tool was idual simply bare higher up ementation of fective CA op

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omes too late in

rated in CF way

counterparts for r deployment its

rsed by Senior C

of importance of xamples of mil ad

orsement re: CA

OIN) is completep down” to COIN

tencies for to discuss thet characteristis in relation t

ial challenges

duce the scale

e just based on C

need for a selenot necessaribased on theirin the organiz

f the CA in opperator.

ecify what chateristics. Cultwn in Table 3

rehensive Appr

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career

y of seeing opera

NCOs until self.

Senio

CF members

focusing on pladvantage)

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ed, go back to tra

Operating Ee need for andics might be kto selection to

Table 3

CA

ection tool forly a priority. r competenciezational comm

perations wou

aracteristics mtural awarene1.

roach Toolkit:

Oppor

ming of Trainin

ations

Integra

Institut

Trainin

r Level Endorse

nning

Institut

Have D

ensive Approac

aining Institut

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30. SelectioOpportunities

Selecting the operations

Potential charbuilding relatio

r CA operatorSMEs thoughes on the CA.mand structur

uld be those w

might be key tss was said to

Training Need

rtunities

ng

ated into the OP

tionalized

ng at the Capt/W

ement

tionalized

DFAIT/CIDA cap

ch doctrine

tionalized

in the Compvelopment oferators. Table

n tools s

most effective re

racteristics: openonships), team p

rs, there was ht that it is no. Rather, it ware who would

whose very na

to an effectivo be a critical

ds Analysis

PP training

WO level

pacity ready for d

prehensivef a selection toe 30 outlines

esources for ope

n-minded, charisplayer, good com

a general conot feasible to sas assumed th

d be likely to ature was gear

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deployment

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smatic (e.g., goommunicator

nsensus that a select an hat individualinfluence thered towards b

or, SMEs listeof effective C

age 61

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re the potential

ducing the inten

s depending on )

ions do not provistic

ive CA operaves and underwhether that s that the cultmportant in u

ication skills ated to this is

re the potential

ducing intended

ions do not provistic ces (money, timeogy

often found w). The ability

fortable is impy members ofanguage comfstanding betw

on skills are ksed by SMEs

prehensive App

Tal challenges

ded effects for C

CF role in opera

vide understandin

ator would be rstand and emculture refers

ture from whiunderstanding

were also seesue are shown

Tab challenges effects for CA ide understandin

e, personnel) no

when dealing wy to communicportant. Somef the military fortably (i.e.,

ween organiza

key to workin related to thi

proach Toolkit

able 31. Cu

CA

ations (e.g.,

ng of personality

an individualmpathize with s to a nationalich one stems g how to imple

en to be key ton in Table 32

ble 32. Com

ng of personality

ot remedied by

with CF persocate outside oe of the most eas they wouldthey understa

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ltural awareOpportunit

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Introduction

Ex-pats (e.ginformation

Interactive m

Interactive mcapacity to

l who is able the culture of

l culture or thhas an impac

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mmunicationOpportunit

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vely to resolvhown in Table

eds Analysis

eness ties

n of App for sma

g., recent immig

modules need to

modules need tobe updated

to view the wf the individu

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fective CA op

n skills ties h and get to knons bility (build trust)

misperceptions

modules need to

modules need tobe updated

o talk the same lanyms/concepts –oing rt participation

endency to sporganization D members a

communicate peak”). Effecte trust.

ve complex ise 33.

art phones/tablet

rants) with relev

o have conseque

o be current and

world throughual with whomhe organizatioe operates andect.

perator. Point

ow people from d

s o have conseque

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peak in CF jarin a way that

are those whoin both the citive commun

ssues in an int

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ts

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hat are the pote

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sources (moneychnology

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ccessful negot

le skills were are shown in

hat are the pote

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Compr

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nded effects for

provide underst

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ion skills alsoA environmenook of one’s ns well as be acrspective into tiation where

also noted asTable 34.

ential challenge

nded effects for

ationship with co

provide underst

med, opinion ofte

y, time, personne

entails an elemdiscussed by Sch one can apers, not only bhip provides corganizations

rally believedning could he

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Table 33es

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scussion, partind on the typeon. For instanreatest contacrovincial Recrnment or locas and NGOs ms as their twondividual role

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cated that the the objective

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age 65

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te. *Due to an unter their responseir top ranking warticipants had cocordings were en

in, the resultsP as the closen internationaler 2010 Winte

articipants wertner most oftnts felt that tra(71.4% of thee to ensure thi

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Table 38. R

ant do you believfuture CF operat

oes Canada currns compared to o, Australia?*

errable are the Cn to future operat

ant is it that CA trt of pre-deploym

ms, unless othe(e.g., 1 = Extrem

prehensive App

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scale ranging fro

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Table 3

rtive are the sent currently exists

ant is senior levent of training for

ant is it to start Career?

tent does CA traCOs and NCOs and training facil

ant is it that all Cons?

tent is the CA int

ms, unless othe(e.g., 1 = Extrem

/Extremely Imporall).

ere was a greaa great deal o

ment was very ortant that all

ipants believeWhen asked at

vailable at prenths of traininmy opinion.”career. Howethe career traing…a Warratraining needg with other Cr CA counterparly in one’s

ked to specifyuld be appropl, a second lie, participants ng at differenOperations C

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Table 40nk the following

ial resources

input into course

nnel from OGDs

from senior lead

st across the CF

cipants, the gconsistent wit

OGD personneA training. Thiailability of Of the CA. The nment, the unteraction to bue necessary timOGD involvem

ed Competepresented withdicated were i

rehensive Appr

esponses suggonths before Identifying ju

ork out.

on of the CA urrent doctrindoctrine (85.

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diment to CA he responses thnto training o a key theme

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Table 41Q: Please rank in

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lexibility/Adaptab

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te. *Due to an unter their responseir top ranking warticipants had cocordings were en

n above, theret competenciecation skills at competenciet to the CF, tha priority.

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as one of the haracteristics.ess. Within thowever, thereerefore, it is psessments aboinking skills wArmy units re

as well as undthat understa

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s to

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Table 42. Rastion

well is flexibility/em, specifically fo

well are commuem, specifically fo

well are interpere CF training sys

All items, unless item (e.g., 1 = E

able 43. Ratstion

well are commuem, specifically f

well interpersony in the CF train

well is openminem, specifically f


pattern of resuperations (i.ewere being tr trained some

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n asked to ratereported thatreported that raining is nec

Compr

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ating of trai

/adaptability beinor CA operations

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ing of train

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nal skills/relationing system, spec

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otherwise indicaExtremely Poorly

ults shows tha., communicarained better tewhat well.

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who already h

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at does not, heasked to rank

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pears to be in opperators was not

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Table 45.

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ave one packagoing to talk tompany comms to be tailore

c. You could ht group it likePrivate all th

oth groups waps felt that it dsomeone with

ting Comprh a series of tight be incorpas provided toen the tool bee for CA train

f the tools foc

roach Toolkit:

ortant featu

l H

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4.29

5.14

5.14

4.43

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d on a 6 point scaemely Important

and fitting inonsider when

e been told thad, something emore than justoperationally s.

raining that wblanket trainintrain.

age generic foto a Sergeant mander… versed to differenthave one big pe “Here we goe way up to G

as that the tradid not matter

h expertise.

rehensive Atools that had porated or moo participants.efore, whetherning, and wheused on traini

Training Need

ures of CA tHQ Staff

SD

0.49

0.69

0.38

0.53

0.76

0.95

ale with higher st).

nto the currenn developing uat “not one hoelse would net CA training relevant task

was available tng for CA acr

or everyone bt or platoon cosus the DIB-lt levels of an package with o CF.” ThrowGeneral.

aining be condr who gave th

Approach Tobeen identifi

odified to be i. Participants r or not they hether or not thing to work in

ds Analysis

training too

M

3.89

5.78

5.44

4.44

2.44

3.56

scores indicating

nt CF traininguseful CA traour will be adeed to be take(i.e., training

ks) would be m

to all CF persross all levels

because, as diommander ablevel headquaorganizationall the subse

w it out to eve

ducted by milhe training as

ools ied in the initiincluded into were then ashad used the hat tool mightn a host natio

Pa

ls Army Units

SD

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0.7

1.1

0.7

1.2

g stronger agree

g time constraaining tools. dded to traininn away. Thus

g that focussesmost benefici

sonnel was at of the CF wo

iscussed, it’s bout and whaarters versus w, but also mis

ets within, buteryone and it’

litary personn long as the p

ial stages of ta CA toolkit.

sked to indicatool before, ht be adapted t

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ment

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least ould

at he what ssion-t I ’s

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ate how to nt).

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How useful training? (1=

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Have you ev

Have you ev



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Comp

ere are 24 toolstrained the nuded in this sed for a militarriptive statisti

ver seen this too

ver used this too

do you think this=Not at all usefu

k this tool could OGDs rather than

ver seen this too

ver used this too



ver seen this too

ver used this too



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ver used this too



prehensive App

ls discussed innumber of tooection. The tory purpose ancs for these ra

Table 47

Operatio

ol before? (Yes/N

ol before? (Yes/N

s tool would be ful, 6=Extremely u

be tailored for trn host nations? (

ol before? (Yes/N

ol before? (Yes/N



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proach Toolkit

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7. Evaluatio

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for CA useful)

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No)

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No)

No)

for CA useful)

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es in Perspectiv

No)

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for CA useful)

raining to Yes/No)

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of this report, ask participane selected werlikely to haveted in Table 4

on of ExistinHQ S

Yes/M

and Culture Tra

71.4%

57.1%

4.57

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l Awareness Tr

28.6%

14.3%

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100%

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0%

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eds Analysis

the limitationnts to rank to re included bee been seen or47 for both fo

ng CA ToolsStaff

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aining System

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rainer

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100%

100%

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ns of the Turn10. Thereforeecause they wr used by CF cus groups.

s Arm

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55.6%

11.1%

0%

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77.8%

0%

0%

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Humansystems

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my Units

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seful do you thing? (1=Not at all u

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you ever seen th

you ever used th



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you ever used th



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you ever used th



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you ever used th



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is tool before? (Y

is tool before? (Y

nk this tool woulduseful, 6=Extrem

could be tailored r than host natio

is tool before? (Y

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Yes/No)

Yes/No)

d be for CA mely useful)

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Yes/No)

Yes/No)



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roach Toolkit:

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85.7%

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57.1%

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HQ Staff

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14.3%

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nctional Area Se

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ds Analysis

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% 88.9%

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3.33

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Army Units

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% 11.

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% 100

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100

1 1.1

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3 1.2

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% 75

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age 79

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Q:

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apacity for CAicipants, man less useful fo

rds were the mld easily be dguide to the o, participants thin the area o

dates would bevailable to the

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tual Cultural Awa

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mart Cards

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s a great deal pe of training ted interactiv

nts in the Armby an app, suds and apps, tterparts. Rega

prehensive App

participants fwere participaopment withinA training by ny of the toolsor CA training

most widely rdeveloped for organizationafelt that these

of operation. e more useful

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he tools descrs, participantsthe ordered r

ble 48. Ranke tools you hav

areness Trainer

age and Culture

ective and Cultu

ons via Skype

sion Planning Pro

nal Planning Fun

p

accidentally leftever, participants

of disagreemtool for the C

ve computer simy unit group uggesting a dethey suggestearding a tool s

proach Toolkit

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s were thoughg in general.

recognized byparticular CA

al goals and ste would especHaving inforl than informa

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ral Orientations

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t out of the origins appeared to kn

ment between CA. HQ staff pimulations wefelt that Sma

egree of pragmd that these w

such as Skype

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staff group wrmy units grouh of the toolsticipants (each

ht to be too sp

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ging. Howevesion of informioned that thecularly applicaifically CIDAng would be u

cipants were tin a new skill

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cipants were ait or that it simparticipants feeir own needsssions revealeed to modify e

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also asked whmply adopt anelt that the CFs, only 37.5%ed that neitheexisting tools

ng Processets were askedtion of CA cotions across b

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ess of each tool. In other wo

an rating was rank the toolslikely due to tuter systems n of CF persoed environmelitary that are ge of these sy

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s used did notssions. Howe) or NGOs tha

hether or not tcould be usedere training es group). SomOperational Mso mentioned

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hether or not in existing tooF needed to cr

% of the Armyr group felt thto meet the u

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t necessarily never, an app that allowed for

there were and as a guide (offorts that cou

me examples rMentor and Li

as a template

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y unit participhat the CF shounique needs

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ly, HQ staff rked to rate th.69), which w

to least usefulnature of the

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raised by partiiaison Trainine for CA train

with the empowOM, they have

military honorica Command

easible that ther countries oset of tools th

pants felt the sould create toof the CF.

making and plaesses. Table 4

ds Analysis

ed, again unde

rated the usefuhe tool from 1was higher thal, they rankedSmart Cards.and engaging

a great deal ofstaff particip

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that allow folso relatively or direct inter

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he CF create ior agencies. What were specsame way. Hoools from scra

anning proces49 lists the de

Pa

erscoring the

ulness of Sma (not at all usan any of the d it among the HQ staff g, and might f experience

pant, “We haver than they cer opportunitior interaction w

inexpensive raction or ants also ay not be with OGDs and informatio

ble successfulA training. All.7% in the HQ

e the training dThe US Africanizational str

ivilians withinmmander whoa budget, and

its own tool oWhile all of thcifically tailorowever, followatch, but rathe

sses used by tescriptive stat

age 81

art seful) other

e

ve a can es for with and

on

l effort l Q staff done

ca ructure.

n the o’s a d his

or he HQ red w-up er

the tistics

Table

Question

How effectivand plannin

How well doprocesses ythose used counterparts

Note. All iteall Effective/

Participansomewhatintegratioparticipanmiddle ofwell or exof decisio

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49. Descrip

ve for the CA areg processes you

o these planningyou’ve been trainby other governs?

ms were rated o/Not at all Well,

nts within bott effective forn of other CA

nts from the Af the scale. Noxtremely pooron making and

prehensive App

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e the decision mu’ve been trained

and decision mned on integratement/interagenc

on a 6 point scale6 = Extremely E

th groups repor the CA. HQA counterpartsArmy units. Ho one in eitherrly. Discussiod planning pro

proach Toolkit

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orted that the staff particips into the plan

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Being ableinteract wiactually do

st research looediately after mboratively witaction and conal interaction es a mutual reborative trainal understandrstanding of th

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If you donthere’s mo

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rate these acti

Compr

ussion

of this researchare any gaps. oking at commearch yieldednd non-militae current CF th CA experie help narrow

his section out

need identifiedsure a well dees, strategies, A recurring thions coupled wGDs, informath as communed. Indeed, Co-face trainin

benefits to haway and thus

e to interact with them. Theyo make sense.

oking at negomeeting themth them (Thomntact may be callows pre-ex

espect and relaning also creating of the goahe contributio

at this greater possible othere time to fully

’t have them tore pressure o

nities to integrmory” that canivities into on

rehensive Appr

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h study was tFirst, an eval

mercial off-thd numerous poary SMEs withtraining and eence to both idthe potential tlines the reco

d for effectiveeveloped undelevel of contr

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CF participantg as a priority

aving OGD pmembers of

with a person y go back goi.”

otiations betwm were signifimson, Adamscritical to fullxisting stereoationship builtes an environals and capabon that CA co

understandinr CA counterpy integrate the

there in the exon you then fo

rate the CA inn be drawn up

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roach Toolkit:

o assess the cluation of pot

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ommendation

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personnel incoOGDs learn a

is a two-way ing, “Hey the

ween CF and Ncantly less pos, Filardo, Flely realizing thtypes to be colding that cannment of kno

bilities of eachounterparts ca

ng of the goalsparts, take plae knowledge a

xercise, whenorget about it.

nto one’s intepon under streperandi under

Training Need

current state otential tools frial and tools from which w

A experience tem. Finally,

urrent gaps anfor developin

ns that emerge

g was CA couf the different ) and to proviSME interviewvement in trairent organizatbuilding relatSME intervie

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street because green machi

NGO memberositive than raear, & DeWit,he potential oountered on bn be utilized iwledge sharin

h organizationan bring to be

s and capabilace in the trainand learn from

n you’re doing. You don’t in

eractions withessful situatior pressure situ

ds Analysis

of CA trainingfor training thused by the C

we selected 2were interviefocus groups

nd CF trainingng tools for thed through th

unterpart (specorganizationade opportunitws was a lackining. Withoutions may be tionships, canews and the fo

o training. On, not just the o

se they interaine’s not that

rs, ratings of oatings after ac, 2013), suggef CA. As SM

both sides andn an operationg that allowsn as well as a ar in operatio

ities, systemsning environm

m one another

g something fnject it in whe

h civilian counons. Howeveruations is not

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g in the CF anhe CA to operaCF or Canada24 to review. ewed to begins were held wg and educatiohe proposed Che course of th

cifically OGDal cultures ties for face-t

k of understanut direct inaccurate an

nnot be ocus groups

ne is that the other way aro

act with us, webad. Those g

one’s counterctually workinesting that dir

MEs pointed oud potentially onal environms for a deepermuch needed

ons.

s and structurement when r.

for real and en it’s too late

nterparts mayr, attempting likely to be a

age 83

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a’s

n to with

on CA his

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rpart ng rect ut,

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as

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ration of OGDt advice aboutario or tool de

m a purely milin actual comp

important thancies, and this

make it appethey are treat

be friction anon in a given og through divrcome through

CA training sct prior to dep

earning how tot be unique to

hip building ske not been adarts is certainl

rance to coursD personnel arl is the use of ng these issue

We all agree thme work. The

he pink slips lhe military cahere’s lots of ou how the or

prehensive App

h other OGDs knowledge an

likely that th

forced to applas human bei

r actually on to them and ite, when they’th these other

g until one geanizations brin-day missionrks, rather thahe skills and eit will not be

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prehension of

at training is a requires a cear that everyoted cordially.

nd disagreemeoperation (Ho

verging goals h more effect

cenarios. Unleloyment, it coo manage cono the CA and kills as imporequately trainly an option fo

se material dere often unavaretired or une

es.

hat these orgaey’re not trainlately, that arean’t get the guthem out therrganization ra

proach Toolkit

in pre-deploynd expertise. Hheir expertise

ly these theorings, or a telethe ground, if’s right click, ’re doing it for players if in

ets into operatng to the table. In these circ

an working toexpertise of Cthe default re

ng could takey personnel co ensure that ttive. Indeed, pthe CA.

also relevant tertain level ofone gets along However, as

ents over the bolton et al., 20on the backdrtive CA trainiess personnel ould serve as nflict and wormay be in ne

rtant competened. The use ofor skill acquis

evelopment anailable. A reasemployed for

anizations doning institutioe out there th

uest lecturers fre that will pran at that tim

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yment traininHaving time towill be elicite

ries and liaiseephone call thf they’re not fdelete on all r real, they’retraining they

tion is too latee may have alcumstances, oo find the bestCA counterpaesponse.

e advantage oould best enathe CA is viewperspective ta

to operationsf fidelity. SMEg well. Since s research shobest way to ca011; Thomsonrop of differeing. SMEs suhave been adjustification frking well wited of training

encies to haveof realistic, fasition.

nd effective, rsonable alternrmer OGD me

n’t have a lotons like we arhat have exper

from CIDA arobably come e and some of

eds Analysis

ng allows one o understand ed in-theatre.

e and coordinhat representsforced to appll of that informe not going toy haven’t been

e, as the knowlready been o

one may simpt resources anarts is not alre

f the fact thatact the CA. Thwed from a baking was rais

and targets thEs complaineOGD person

ows, in operatarry out a misn et al., 2010

ent organizatiouggested addindequately trainfor abandoninth others dem

g. SMEs idente for the CA, bace-to-face sc

realistic CA tnative to the uembers with k

t of depth becre. But there’srience from Aand DFAIT be

and be able tof the problem

to develop anone’s counte

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