computer hardware and network power point presentation
DESCRIPTION
Power Point Resesntation on Computer Hardware and Computer NetworkTRANSCRIPT
Computer HardwareAll the elements that go together to make up a PC fall into one of
two categories, hardware or software. This section is about hardware, the stuff upon which software runs. Everything you can see and touch in your PC is hardware. Motherboard Some Hardware are :-
Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
Floppy Disk Drive (FDD)
Compact Disk Drive (CDD)
Digital Video Disk drive (DVD)
Monitors (CRT and LCD)
Keyboard
Mouse
Audio
Cables & Wires
Input DevicesInput Devices:
devices that input information into the computer such as a keyboard, mouse, scanner, and digital camera.
Output DevicesOutput: devices that
output information from the computer such as a printer and monitor.
Central Processing UnitCPU (Central Processing Unit) also called the
Microprocessor or “The Brain” of the Computer.Processor speed: The speed at which a
microprocessor executes instructions. This is usually measured in megahertz (MHz).
Brands of Processors include: PentiumCeleronMACAMD Cyrix
Hard DiskThe hard-drive is a
mechanical storage device typically located internally. Fast recording and recovery
of dataLarge storage capacityMagneticPrimary storage device for
data and programsSpeed is measured in
R.P.M.’s
Computer MemoryRAM (random access
memory) stores data that is processing. This type of memory is erased when the computer is turned off.
ROM (read only memory) contains special instructions for the computer to operate.
Cache memory increases the speed of the processor by recording and anticipating instructions.
Graphic User Interface (GUI)GUI (Graphic User Interface) is a set of
images and icons seen on the desktop used to operate a program. The GUI makes the programs loaded
on the computer easier to access and use. Basic Windows GUI
Icons are small pictures that represent files, commands, or windows.
Windows is a GUI operating system unlike UNIX, which uses text commands.
Video CardsVideo cards plug into the
motherboard and are used to display video.
VRAM is video memory that enhances the refreshment rate of the image.
Video cards have chipsets that can increase the speed of video display.
Ports and PeripheralsPorts are an interface between the computer and
another peripheral device such as a disk drive, mouse, printer, modem, monitor, camera, FLASH drive or keyboard.Examples:
Serial Parallelhot-wire USB
Ports and PeripheralsPeripherals are devices
that plug into a computer and are not housed internally.Examples:
PrintersScannersCameras
Computer NetworkA network
consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to: share resources
(such as printers and CD-ROMs),
exchange files, or allow electronic
communications
How are they linked?Computers on a
network may be linked through: cables, telephone lines, radio waves,
satellites or wireless
technologies
Local area networksLANs are confined to a relatively
small area such as a school or a building
LANs usually have one computer designated as the file server
Other computers are connected to the network by cables connecting network interface cards in each computer
Wide Area Networks
WANs connect larger areas, such as whole states, or even the world.
Transoceanic cables and satellites are used to connect WANs
ProtocolA protocol is a set of
rules that governs the communications between computers on a network
These rules include guidelines that regulate the method of access, types of cabling and speed of data transfer
PROTOCOL =
SET OF RULES ABOUT
COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN NETWORKS!
The most common protocols are:EthernetLocal TalkToken RingFDDIATM
Protocol = a formal description of a set of rules and conventions that govern how devices on a network exchange information
Did you ever wonder what HTTP in web addresses was about? It stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol
EthernetMost widely usedUses an access
method called CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection
Local TalkLocal Talk is a network
protocol that was developed by Apple for Macintosh computers
Local Talk uses the CSMA/CA method (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) which works in a similar way to CSMA/CD
It is a lot slower than Ethernet (only 230 Kbps)
Token RingToken ring
protocol involves ‘token-passing’.
It is not as popular as Ethernet protocol
A single electronic ‘token’ moves around the ring from
one computer to the next. If a computer wishes to transit
and receives an empty token, it attaches data to the token which then proceeds around the ring until it comes to the computer the data is meant
for.
FDDIStands for Fiber
Distributed Data Interface
Is used mainly to connect two or more LANs, often over large distances
Can operate over fiber optic cable at 100 Mbps