conducting a hazard assessment
TRANSCRIPT
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Overview
What is a hazard assessment?
When is one required?
How do I conduct one?
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Definition
A hazard assessment is an evaluation
of a work place, or work situation, as to
the potential for hazards that anemployee may encounter while
performing the job.
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Requirements
Employers are required (by OSHA) to
certify in writing that they have
assessed the work place to determine ifhazards that require personal protective
equipment (PPE) are present or likely.
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Requirements
Employers are also required to:
Select and provide properly fitted
protection from injury or impairment, and Train employees in work area hazards and
the proper use of PPE.
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PPE Coordinator
At VT, each department is required to
appoint a coordinator to accomplish the
task of performing a hazard assessmentand overseeing that personal protective
equipment is appropriate for the hazard
and is being used accordingly.
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PPE Coordinator Responsibilities
Perform the hazard assessment(s).
Select appropriate PPE.
Inform, fit, and train employees on PPE. Provide EHSS with required
documentation.
Reassess the when new hazards areintroduced.
Retrain employee if PPE is misused.
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Employee Responsibilities
Attend required PPE training sessions.
Wear PPE as required.
Clean, maintain, and properly care for
PPE.
Inform PPE Coordinator if repair or
replacement of equipment is needed.
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Where do you begin?
It is difficult to begin assessing every
location, job title, or job task. The most
logical place to begin is to review youraccident and illness reports.
Is there a work area that seems to have
more accidents and injuries than others? Is there a type of injury that seems to occur
more frequently than others?
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Where do you begin?
If injury and illness reports do not pointyou towards a place to begin, consider
beginning with: Close calls or near misses
New tasks or positions
Tasks that have changed
Non-routine jobs
Routine jobs
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Work Area Assessment
After you have chosen a place to start,
perform a walk-through of the work
area, looking for hazards as indicated inthis training.
Tip: Involveemployees in this
process to gain
valuable input!
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Identify the Hazards
As you walk through the area and
discuss work tasks with employees,
look for the following hazards. If you are unsure whether something
should be included in your hazard
assessment, contact EHSS for assistanceor try using the reference material
suggested on some of the slides.
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Falling Objects
Are there objects
which may fall from
above ontoemployees?
Employees working
overhead? Tools or materials
handled above your
head?
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Harmful Dusts/Mists/Fumes
Are employees exposed to chemicals or
harmful dusts/mists/fumes? Examples:
Any chemical which poses a health hazard Asbestos
Welding fumes
Solder fumes
Silica
Reference: Obtain a Material
Safety Data Sheet on the
product in question from the
supplier and review the
information provided for
health hazards and
suggested controls.
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Energy Sources
Are there energy sources which could be
harmful if accidental release or startup
occurs? Electrical
Pneumatic
Hydraulic
Thermal
Mechanical
Gravity
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Sharp Objects
Are there sharp objects which could cut or
pierce the body?
Glass Knife blades
Sheet metal
Nail guns
Needles
Splinters (wood)
Burrs (metal)
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Temperature Extremes
Are there hot or cold surfaces which could
burn or freeze employees?
Welded parts Cryogenic materials
Autoclaves
Ovens/stoves
Molten metals
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Flying Debris
Will employee be operating, or be exposed
to, tools/equipment which may generate
flying debris? Hammering
Sawing
Chipping
Grinding
Drilling
Buffing
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Excessive Noise
Will employee be operating, or be exposed
to, tools/equipment which may generate
excessive noise? Jack-hammering
Woodworking machinery
Metalworking machinery
Operating heavy equipment
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Workplace Layout
Does the layout of the workplace create a
potential hazard?
Fall hazards exceeding 4 feet. Low clearances
Confined spaces
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Fire/Explosion Hazards
Is there the potential
for a fire or explosion?
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Step 2
Once the hazard has
been identified, you
must implement aneffective control to
eliminate the hazard,
reduce the hazard to anacceptable manner, or
protect the employee.
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Step 3
Evaluate the level of risk for each
hazard to help determine what type of
control should be implemented toreduce exposure.
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Step 4
Select an appropriate solution to eachhazard.
Always consider eliminating the hazard (ifpossible) first.
If elimination is not possible, considerreducing the hazard to an acceptable level.
If an acceptable level cannot be reached,select and provide appropriate personalprotective equipment for the employee.
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Engineering Controls
Engineering controls eliminate exposure
to the hazard. They are:
relatively permanent,
can be costly, and
can be time-consuming.
Engineeringcontrols are
things that
you do to fix
the hazard.
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Isolation
Isolate the employee from the hazard.
Control rooms
Machine guarding
Protective barriers and shields
Guardrails
Clearance distances
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Design
Is there new (or existing) technology on
the market for the product which, by its
design, protects the person using it?
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Process Change
Can a non-hazardous process be
substituted for a hazardous process?
Spray PaintingDipping or
Brushing
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Work Area Layout
Can a hazardous work area layout be
improved?
Hot
Work
Chemical
Storage
Electrical
Pipe
Storage
Stacked
Boxes
Tool Room
MainWork
Area
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Work Area Layout
Chemical storage area was moved away
from hot work and electrical hazards.
Hot
Work
Chemical
Storage
Electrical
Pipe
Storage
Stacked
Boxes
Tool Room
MainWork
Area
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Substitution
Can a non-hazardous product be
substituted for a hazardous product?
Pesticides Solder
Cleaning agents
Solvents
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Ventilation
Will ventilation improve the air quality to
an acceptable (i.e. safe) level?
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Administrative Controls
Administrative controls reduce employee
exposure to a hazard.
They do not eliminate the hazard, but theyprovide an acceptable way to work around
the hazard.
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Reduction
Can you reduce the frequency of
performing the hazardous task?
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Rotation
Can employees be rotated to reduce
exposure time?
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Training
Can employees be trained to recognize
hazards and employ safe work practices?
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Protect the Employee
If the hazard cannot beeliminated or reduced to an
acceptable level, theemployee must be protectedfrom exposure. Thisprotection requires that the
employee wear and/or useappropriate personalprotective equipment.
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Protect the Employee
Hard hats
Eye protection
Face protection Respiratory
protection
Hearing protection
Body wear
Sleeves
Gloves Protective footwear
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Summary
Identify hazards in the workplace that
could result in injury or illness.
Evaluate the level of risk to helpdetermine what controls to implement.
Select an appropriate solution to control
the hazard and/or protect the employee.
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Information
For more information regarding hazards
in the workplace, contact EHSS at 231-
2341, or visit our website atwww.ehss.vt.edu.