connected intelligence 1
DESCRIPTION
by prof. Derrick de Kerckhove (University of Toronto), presented at New Media Days, Katowice 2008, www.dninowychmediow.plTRANSCRIPT
The acceleration of innovation in the electric age
Internal
External
Hardware Software
Mind enhancement technologies
Towards the “Objective Imaginary
Gottfredson 2002
Individual Effects
Cognition important protection for good life
Environmental toxin models
+1 IQ point = +1.763% income (Schwartz), +2.094/3.631% (Salkever, m/f)
Annual gain / IQ point US $55-65 billion 0.4-0.5% GDP
Effects on schooling, participation rate, social costs
Weiss 1998 claim 3 point IQ increase:Poverty rate -25%Males in jail -25%High school dropouts -28%Parentless children -20%Welfare recipiency -18%Out-of-wedlock births -15%
Technology and generations
The radio kid
The TV kid (hippie)
1981PC kids
Cellular phone kid• Always on• Real-time• Ubiquity
Digital Native: screens, mind and literacy
> 10 000 hours of videogames > 250 000 hours of emails and SMS > 10 000 hours on the cellular phone > 20 000 hours of television > 500 000 hours of advertising spots
< 5 000 hours reading books
Web users…
• Don’t read, they scan• They don’t want to work hard for their information
• Need instant gratification for their info:– Short and to the point (50% fewer words than on print - usually less than a third of a normal page)
– No scrolling– No rhetoric
“Wreading”
The “Net Gen Wreader” • Used to multimedia via videogames and
calculators• Doesn’t “do”
manuals• Used to work in groups or teams• Multitasking• Sampling
• Does outside the head on a screen what we were taught to do
inside• (Jeff Han’s video)
literacies beyond print, secondary orality [spriting]–immigrants like filtering & editing. natives massage raw data–immigrants proceed sequentially. natives love “multi-tasking”–immigrants like text in books. native graphics/voice over text–immigrants; individual or peer-to-peer. immigrants “network”–immigrants think of assignments. Natives love ‘serious play’
–word-processing - cut and paste, quick write, [ :);;(] –[beyond emai] instant messaging, real time texting –wicki-ing, “modding”, [borrowing and] -- massaging
–new ways of gathering, recording, composing story-bits–new ways of borrowing and addressing one’s creations–new ways to create, chain, assemble recorded sound
Our children are doing their homework socially, even though they’re being graded and tested as if they’r doing their work in isolation booths. But in the digital order, their approach is appropriate: memorizing facts is often now a skill more relevant to quiz shows than to life (David
Weinberger, Everyting is miscellaneous, 2007).
Ryerson’s questionnaire
• 75 criteria• Numero 1: teamwork (4.69/5)• Two: how to present oneself (3.87)
• Three: how to make a working plan (3.54)
• Ten: network experience
New rules for a new educational system
• Multiply intelligences• “Une tête bien faite vaut mieux qu’une tête bien pleine” (Montaigne)
• “Plusieurs têtes presque vides mais connectées valent mieux qu’une tête bien faite” (de Kerckhove)
• Collaborative over competitive (reward both)
• (Ryerson study)• Body and mind (physical contact, meeting is never to be ignored even in distance education)
For a new pedagogical model
• Broadcast to networked• Memory to intelligence• “Contact hours”• On line competencies• Student-centered education
New educational devices, though important, are not as central to tomorrow's schooling as are new roles for student and teacher. Citizens of the future will find much less need for sameness of function or vision. To the
contrary, they will be rewarded for diversity and originality.
Therefore, any real or imagined need for standardized classroom
presentation may rapidly fade; the very first casualty of the present-day school system may well be the whole business of teacher-led instruction as we know it.
(McLuhan, 1967)
(ipertestualità del pensiero cinese)
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Hypertextual intelligence
Hypertextual thinking• Your horoscope• The I Ching• Palabra, dreaming, prayer,
simulation• Hypertextual thinking an
issue of time, not space: – The only time that counts is
NOW– All links and connections
are made in REAL TIME– All simulations are manner
of prediction (pregestual)• Under electronic conditions,
the delay between project and realization is shortening
fieldstrees
cloud
sky
climatelakewater
+ locality, sensations, type of photography…
The era of the tag
On the Internet every message is divided in small packets. A “packet” is a short sequence of data, with a protocol that contains an address and some administration to find its
way via routers and switchers to its destination. Thus any message can finds its
way as well as the order of its reconstitution thanks to a tag.
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fieldstrees
cloudsky
climatelakewater
+ locality, sensations, type of photography…
So realistically, in the beginning was the tag, the unique address of the digital packet to make it available for the construction of images and
the building of meaning from anywhere to anywhere for any given purpose. The tag is what allows to break down all the traditional categories and
classifications and rebuild connections according to need, context and circumstances instead of forced environments of knowledge and design.
From the hierarchy of categories
Clay Shirky
To links
Clay Shirky
To interlinks
Clay Shirky
To the disappearing of categories
Clay Shirky
The web evolution
Connections between people
Con
nect
ions
bet
wee
n in
form
atio
n
Social Networking
Groupware
JavascriptWeblogs
Databases
File Systems
HTTPKeyword Search
USENET
Wikis
Websites
Directory Portals
2010 - 2020
Web 1.0
2000 - 2010
1990 - 2000
PC Era1980 - 1990
RSSWidgets
PC’s
2020 - 2030
Office 2.0
XML
RDF
SPARQLAJAX
FTP IRC
SOAP
Mashups
File Servers
Social Media Sharing
Lightweight Collaboration
ATOM
Web 3.0
Web 4.0
Semantic SearchSemantic Databases
Distributed Search
Intelligent personal agents
JavaSaaS
Web 2.0 Flash
OWL
HTML
SGML
SQLGopher
P2P
The Web
The PC
Windows
MacOS
SWRL
OpenID
BBS
MMO’s
VR
Semantic Web
Intelligent Web
The Internet
Social Web
Web OS
From Novak Spivack “Making Sense of the Semantic Web”
Cybrid Design & Bottom-up knowledge
Flickr
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Flickr
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43 things
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43 things
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Social bookmarking
Del.icio.us
« All things must pass through Internet »
Pets
Office
Sanity Stores
Home
Vehicles
I.D.
Public TransportationRFID
hy-pertinenceScreens
PDA
Computer
Screens
Screens
VideoMonitor
Glossy Mags
TV
InternalNetwork
Monitor(s)
PDA
Computer
Billboards
Home
The City & Mall
GPS
Gameboy
X-Box
TVGlossy Mags
Car
Airport
Work
Screens
Jet BlueSeatback
Screens
Screens
MultiplicitySimultaneity
2/11/2006
ImagePinballing &Reverb
Cell phone Ip
od Photo
You
“Understand that you will be likethose with whom you surroundyourself. Your environment is
stronger than you are .”Daniel Levin
Reverb =Feedback >
Web >Hierarchy -Flattener
Our involvement with alphabets is
linear and sequential . Our engagementwith imagery is non -linear and reverberational .
This reverb or feedback is a hallmark of
surrounding ourselves with ubiquitous imagery .
Video Ipod
Tags and mobileNFC (Near Field Communication)
NFC is a short high frequency wireless communication technology which enables the exchange of data between devices over about decimetre distance.
Uses Applications
• Card Emulation• Reader mode• P2P mode
• Mobile ticketing• Mobile payment• Smart poster• Ubiquitous info• Universal Margin
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A humble barcode
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Information Complexity
Online information is liquid:
Non-homogeneous dissemination Poorly indexed Complex and non-linear relationships Reproduces everyday-world relationships
People
Groups
EmailsCompanies
Products
Services
Web Pages
Multimedia
Documents
Events
Projects
Activities
Interests
Places
Web 2.0 …What impact on e-learning ?
• Not merely software …but community• open access• peer production• not only consumers• but also producers• centrality of the “prosumer”
Hypertinent social tagging
Net-Folksonomy: bottom-up classification
A new framework from data to metadata– No definitive links between people, items and tags– Informational objects (tags) can classify other informational
objects– Users share their knowledge items and their tags (web
togetherness)– Open groups are organized in scalable folksonomies (from narrow to broad)
You (anyone) can:
Add infos
Add items
Browse infos
Browse users
Net-Folksonomy: bottom-up classification
SQUAREGREEN,C
CIRCLE, B
SQUARE, D
TRIANGLE
BLUE, A
What is changing? Everyone can share everything Informational objects depend on users, not on hierarchical structures Many devices can grant interaction with information everywhere (wiredness) Real life and virtual environment create a system as a whole
You tube and My space can be used to product, remediate and disseminate sciences knowledge
This kind of environment that we have, an information environment, electrically programmed, turns the
entire planet into a teaching machine, and it’s a man-made teaching machine. One of the results of the man-made environment becoming a
teaching machine is that the audience becomes workforce (McLuhan, 1966).