construction automation a six year plan in development ron singh chief of surveys geometronics...
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Construction Automation
A Six Year Plan in Development
Ron SinghChief of Surveys
Geometronics Manager
Design to Dozer August, 2010
Design to Dozer – Ron Singh2
Engineering Automation
Key Concepts for a
25 Year Time Horizon
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Disruptive Technologies
A “disruptive technology” is one that requires changes to long standing established processes.
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Reactive Project-centric
Approach
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Proactive Data-centric Approach
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Engineering Automation
DesignAutomation
ConstructionAutomation
SurveyAutomation
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Engineering Automation
SurveyAutomation
DesignAutomation
ConstructionAutomation
Today’s Topics…
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Engineering Automation
SurveyAutomation
DesignAutomation
ConstructionAutomation
Inspection
SiteMonitoring
MachineAutomation
MaterialCertification
Surveying
Positioning
Today’s Topics…
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Major Components of Construction Automation
Inspection Tools Enhanced use of GPS Material Delivery and Certification Remote Construction Site
Monitoring Connected Site Machine Automation Post Construction Surveys
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Engineering Automation
DesignAutomation
ConstructionAutomation
SurveyAutomation
Inspection
SiteMonitoring
MachineAutomation
MaterialCertification
Surveying
Positioning
Machine Control and
Guidance Systems
Moving On…
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For The Purpose of This Presentation…
A Machine Guidance system will be considered to be one that uses automation to provide the equipment operator a visual indicator of the position of the cutting edge (blade, bucket, screed, etc) relative to the design surface being constructed.
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For The Purpose Of This Presentation…
A Machine Control system will be one where the cutting edge of the equipment is fully controlled by automation. The system is connected to and controls the hydraulics while the operator simply drives the equipment and manages the automation.
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3 Components of Machine Control1. The Design and Resulting Data2. The Machine w/Computer, Sensors,
Hydraulic Control, and Radio3. The Positioning System – GPS, TPS,
Laser, or combination
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Provides the interface between engineering design and the machine operator
Guidance Systems
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Types of Guidance Systems
Stakes String Lines Sonic Sensors Lasers GPS Total Stations GPS w/Lasers
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GPS based machine guidance GPS provides near exact
position of vehicle in “real time” Cab mounted display indicates
position of machine relative to design anywhere on the surface
Equipment operator controls cutting edge
Guidance By GPS
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Typical Display
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GPS provides near exact position of vehicle in “real time”
Position of the cutting edge is computed
The hydraulics moves the cutting edge accordingly to match the design surface
Control By GPS
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inal Surface
Original Surface
GPS Grading+/- 30 mm or 0.1’
Generally Not By GPS
Guidance/Control by GPS
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GPS (RTK) derived elevations are:
Somewhat erratic Dependant upon a variety of
factors such as satellite geometry, local deflection of the vertical, etc.
Limited to an accuracy of a few centimeters
Control by Laser Augmented GPS
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Laser augmented GPS systems delivers a few millimeters of vertical accuracy using conventional lasers capable of working on an inclined plane
Control by Laser Augmented GPS
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Final Surface
Original Surface
Total Station Grading+/- 5mm or 0.02’
Control by Total Station
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Control by Total Station
Started in the early 1990’s with robotic motorized total stations that could track a prism mounted on a machine
Could position the prism to high accuracy - equivalent to string lines and lasers
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Control by Total Station Information from the prism position
could be sent to the machine, which would adjust the hydraulics accordingly.
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The Ultimate System:
No stakes required No grade checker required Records data for quality control Records data for volume computation Data could be transmitted to engineer,
inspector, or surveyor for “real time” checks
Machine Control
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Bulk Excavating – Scrapers/Dozers
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Bulk Excavating – Dozers
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Concrete Paving
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Trimming
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Excavating – Shaping & Compacting
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Underwater – Riprap Placement
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Grading
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Grading
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Trench Excavation
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Milling
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Asphalt Paving
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Barrier
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Curbs and Sidewalks
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The Emerging Role of Operating Engineers
Requires education/training relating to new systems
Pre-qualification or certification Clearly defined role in project
specifications
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The Role of the Design Engineer 3D coordinate correct designs Build-able and not just bid-able
plans Complete, reliable, and construct-
able digital data – less reliance on “on the grade” design
Available on very short notice for design changes
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The Role of the Surveyor Establishment of
horizontal and vertical project control
Data management Acquiring and
validating design DTM
Converting DTM to exchange format
Providing exchange format data to contractor
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The Role of the Surveyor Quality assurance
Validating TIN produced by exchange format data
Re-measure or validate grade
No longer available for design changes
Post Construction Surveys
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The Role of the Inspector Will continue as today… With less support from surveyors With diminished ability to check
constructed elements for grade, alignment, or width
Will need additional technology to check stake-less construction
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Stay Tuned…
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