Contemporary Studies

Explain why sport can be accepted as a leisure activity by some, yet as work by others. [4 marks]

• 2 marks for how sport can be a leisure activity

• 2 marks for how sport can be work

Answers

Leisure• People can choose to play sport as a leisure

activity and they are not paid to play• People choose to play sport as a leisure activity

in their spare time• When playing sport as a leisure activity it is to

relieve stress/for relaxation• People play sport purely for enjoyment• As part of a leisure activity, anyone can play

the standard of performance is not important

Answers

Work• Professionals are paid to play sport• In order to play sport there is commitment to

training – you are therefore losing some of the choice.

• Professionals are under contract and therefore have many of their decisions controlled for them

• They have to maintain high standards to keep their place in the team.

Fig. 3.1 illustrates three of the characteristics of outdoor recreation.

OUTDOOR RECREATIONII

Active LeisureII

Appreciation and respect for the natural environmentII

Adventure and risk to the individual

Fig. 3.1Explain the meaning of each of these three characteristics.

[6 marks]

Answers

Active Leisure 2 marks available• Leisure is a choice that you participate in

during your free time• Active leisure is about keeping fit/healthy• Use examples to show how people may take

part in active leisure (e.g. hiking)• Active Leisure is about being involved in

lifetime activities (e.g. hiking)

Answers

Appreciation and respect for the natural environment 2 marks available• Value and wish to preserve the environment• Taking in beautiful scenery/in touch with the

natural world• Being away from an urban environment• Concern about conservation issues

Answers

Adventure and Risk to the individual 2 marks available• Natural environment can be unpredictable

and can change rapidly (e.g. from a sunny day to a storm in a short period of time)

• Outdoor recreation presents a challenge and can create feelings of worry/fear

• Participation in outdoor recreation can provide a sense of achievement

Identify the factors that have allowed outdoor recreational activities to be available to people

with disabilities• Developments in technology/new equipment,

etc.• More equal opportunities – new laws, more

funding and more facilities• More organisations and campaigns set up to

help the disabled• More role models and more coaches• More understanding of benefits of activity for

disabled• Greater understanding of capabilities of disabled

Is Chess a Sport?

• Using your text book pgs 134-137 to help complete the following task on a piece of paper to put in your folder.

With reference to the theoretical concepts, write down the reasons for and against the argument of ´Chess is a sport´.

SportsmanshipPlaying fair.

Abiding by the rules of the game.

Shaking hands after.

Gentlemanly conduct.

Stems from Athleticism.

Includes the ‘Contract to Compete’ & ‘Fair Play’.

‘Fair Play’

Playing sport means acquiring & playing by morals & codes of conduct.

This means all teams & players should start on a ‘level playing field’, so as to make competition fair.

How is this continued today?

Gamesmanship

‘Win at all costs’ attitude.

Players may ‘bend the rules’ in order to improve their chances of winning, or gain an advantage over an opponent.

May lead to cheating, aggression, poor behaviour.

Stems from professional sport.

Links to the Lombardian ethic (the idea that it doesn’t matter how you win as long as you win).

What do we mean by the terms…

• Sport for all• Excellence in sport• Elitism• Equal opportunity, provision and esteem

• Discuss with the person sitting next to you and write down your description.