(continued from page 47.) - journals.psu.edu

152 Journal of James Kenny, 1761-1763.

JOURNAL OF JAMES KENNY, 1761-1763.Edited by JOHN W. JOBDAN.

(Continued from page 47.)

7th.—Col1 Clappum Sold a House in this Bottom latelyto Jn° Ormsby for £130., notwithstanding y6 GeneralOrders against buying or Selling Houses.

0th.—Tom Green, one of y* Delawares, came here whoinforms me that he has been up on y* Heads of Susque-hanna lately & broght away his Mother & Brother, alsothat some Hundr Delawares who liv'd there amongsty* Mingoes are come away & settled at Cuscuskies SaltLicks—Delawar Towns this way. This Day we sent off19 Load of Skins, being all we had left except a fewBears.

10th.—I hear'd that last Summer when Cap* Trent re-turn'd from Philada, he reported that y* Goods in ourStore were to be Sold off as quick as possible & y6 Storeto be broke up, & said no more Quakerism on this sidey6 Alegheny Mountain, notwithstanding it continuesyet.

11th.—An express came Yesterday from RedstoneCreek, with Account that One Tumblestone & anotherWhite Man that Settled above Redstone was kilPd (oneShot, y6 Other Tomhock'd in y6 Head) by y* Indians,being lying dead in their House.

12th.—It Greives y® Indians to see y* White PeopleSettle on these Lands & follow Hunting-or Planting,especially in Virginia side & off y6 Road too.

13th.—Some Days ago Cap* Callendr came here whosays that coming over Laurel Hill y* Snow was 15Inches deep there. Cap* Barnsley show'd me someLettuce & Cabbage in his Garden Planted out thisSpring, being rais'd from seed; I have some come up.

Journal of James Kenny, 1761-1763. 153

14th.—This Day many of the Soldiers taken Sick, y6

Matter of 18 in 24 Hours, with a kind of Cold & Cough.16th.—Went over y® Eiver to get home some Shingle

Boults; Catched 7 fish; some Thund1" & Eain, very"Windy.

18th.—Got me a Suit of Fustin made here for y* Sum-mer Cost abo* £5*

19th.—I am taken very Sick with this Epidemick Cold& fever.

20th.—The Air got midling Cool; y6 Indians are allChiefly Sick w*1 y® Cold & Cough, such that resorts hereabout.

22d.—A party of ye Mingo Warriors returned havingbrought Two Prisinoers & Eight Scalps of Cherokeesas they say. I went over ye Eiver & Catch'd twoPearch, but cast me into a fever all y® Evening.

23rd.—This Day one of y* Mingo Warriors shew'dme a Meddle of Copper taken off one of y® Cherokeesthey KilFd, having y6 King of England's Coat of Armson one Side & y* Words Lower Cherokees on y® otherSide.

24th.—Dream 'd last Night I seen a Large Stack Yardcontaining many Stacks of Wheat & many of Hay,being raised by great Industry on some New EoughPlace that I thought could never Produce so well as itdid.

25th.—Eiver got Very Low; y® Mingo Wariors hadgot some new Shilling Bills, Virginia money, whichthey pass'd some of at one Nedy Graham's our Neigh-bour.

26th.—I was at y® Wariors encampment, & seen y8

Prisoners & the Scalps, one of the Prisoners being aTall Spair fellow who had been out this way, helping y*English a few years ago & was known by some of y®Soldiers here who Spoke to him, y® other is a YoungLad, its tho* by some y® Delawares, that they will Burnthis Prissoner as they say he kill'd one of their Com-pany before he was taken.


27th.—Delaware George came here by Water fromCuscuskeys & is carried on a Blanket between four In-dians from y* Canoe & to it his Days are so near Ex-pireing; we had some Trade today.

28th.—In Trading yesterday with some DelawaresOne Wm Tunum, that Talks English well, Insisted tohave 2 Yards Cloth in Every Stroud being 12/ pr yard& to pay but 20/ for a Stroud & finding we gave but ayard & f he said that Levy y° Jew gave 2 y*8 & hesupos'd we put y* rest in our own pockets, but Levycoming in he ask'd him & Levy deny'd that he gave anymore then we did.

29th.—One of ye Mingo Warriors bro* a Beaver latein y6 Evening, it came to 2£lb Powder, so I took his Bag& went for y* Powdr by myself, he scruppled mymeasure, I told him there was 2% Pints but he wanted tosee it measured, so I measured it & it held out Largemeasure; I laugh'd at him & he Clapt me on y* Shoulder& sd it was right.

5mo 1st.—Delaware George Dyed last Night, to beburried to Morrow.

2nd.—This Day Delaware George was Interred over y6

Alegheny River; a file of Soldiers attended, who fire'dthree Rounds over his Grave. Geo. Croghan & manyWhite people attended y* Burrial, in y* night y* Indns

Shot off Guns many times, as they say to drive away y®Evil Spirit.

4th.—Here was some Indians that moved away fromy* Heads of Susquahanna going to Live at y6 DelawareTowns up Beaver Creek; they Traded some with us; wehad some good Potatos of them.

5th.—There was some Nights since 4 Horses of youngGibson's Stole & since 2 Horses of Hammelton's y6

Commissiray at Legonier, they being sent to Croghansplace for safty while he & his Miss stay'd here aVisiting.

7th.—Cool Weather, A young Man came up by Fort


Cumberland Road several Days ago & brought a Cargoof Rum undiscovered till he came here but was foundout by y* Col1 who had him put in y* Guard House, seizMhis Rum, ye Court Martial has agreed to have it referedto ye General so he is set at Liberty, but y* Rum issecured. Jn° Ormsby y* Commessary had bought it ofhim, & its said it will make a hole in his Coat pocket.

10th.—This Day is reported bad news, by Letterscome to y6 Col1, that South Carolina is taken by y*French & Spannards.

11th.—Jn° Hart Says that there is fifteen HundredMingoes to come this way in a few Days, sd to be goingagainst y® Cherokees, but so many coming at once is notvery acceptable here, but is Indn News.

12th.—One Canoe with Wariors is gone down y* Riverthis Day & Three more come, its said by one of themthat out of 200 that went against y6 Cherokees only 5returned this Spring.

14th.—Bought a Horse for a Debt Andrew BuyerlyOw'd (y* Agent bo* him) I rid him down y* South Sidey6 River to Shirtees Rock, & left him with y6 GrassGuard; fine Meadow Land on y* branches of ShirteesCreek; y* three Canoes of Wariors is gone down yeRiver.

15th.—We had a Letter from Frederick Post, whereinhe mentions that since he went to Philadelphia, in hisabsence Shamoken David & another Indian has pre-judiced y6 Inhabitants of Tuscorawas against him somuch, that altho* they had allow M him to Clear as muchLand as he pleas'd, now they have limmited him toabout half an Acre.

16th.—Levy Hicks who was taken Prissoner fromKanahwas near Fort Frederick, on Potomack, Informsme that he took along with y* Mingo Wariors in y*Winter from y* Mouth of Moosekinggum as he liveswith y* Delawares there, that they met a Party of Cher-okees near to some large Town of theirs coming this


way, abo* 40 in number, & they being 70 Mingoes theytook Eight Scalps & three prissoners, one being y* Cap*of ye Cherokees who was about making peace last Yearamongst y® Mingoes, & when his party was fled, hespoke in Mingo & said he was Mistaken, for he hadthought they were Wyondots, but y6 surrounded him &took him prisoner, on which he said he was going toconfirm y* Peace with them, but ye other two prisonersbeing ask'd, said they were coming to see this Fort, &get some White Mens Scalps that might be out tendingHorses, so y6 Mingo Cap* told him he lyed & then Tom-hock Jd him, y6 other two I seen here.

17th.—Flemming y6 Post came, but no bad News con-cerning Carolina.

18th.—A Delewar calPd Davy, Ask'd me whether Iwould give Songkeccan (i—e. y® Lock) Eum for aWhite Boy Taken at Tuscorara (called John Crough-ran) which I wanted from him last year, all y® Liquorswas forbidden to be sold or given to Indians (I toldhim) & shew'd him y® Hurt it done them; he told mey® Lock ask'd 20 Gallons or £50 in money, I told himthat would be Selling them as Servants at a DearerEate than Negroes is Sold, & that y® General and ourGovernor expect M they would bring them all in & de-liver them according to promise; after he returned withLock & y® family but sd no more ab* it.

19th.—Some time ago some y® Delewars Informs usthat A Man & Boy of their Nation was kilPd down NearMoosekinggum & a White Boy Carried off by y® Tawas& Picks having Track'd them to y® side ye Lake, forwhich they threaten Eevenge.

21".—It's Eeport'd by a Trader that Wintered atTuscorawas, that some of y® Indians there Informedhim, When y* Traders was not allow'd last year to goto y® Shawanas, & they were Limmitted when they camehere in buying Powder & Lead to five Pounds Powdr aMan, & Ten of Lead, That Nation had concluded to


hold a Council in order to put all their Women &Children to Death & y6 Men to carry on a War againsty° English while one of them remained.

24th.—Bought A Cow some months agoe for SixPounds worth of Goods, but not proving with Calf ISwap'd her for a Cow & Calf, which I could not Buyundr Eight Pounds Ten Shillings in Cash.

25th.—Now there is talk of Co1 Bouquet going Down& Cap* Barnsly being Command1* till he#return.

26th.—Lieu* Moyer told me that there is no Artifisersto be Imploy'd this Year, & its said that Co1 Air chiefEngenier, found fault with y* Situation of the Fort &its thought that from his report to y6 General it will beBuilt on some Higher Ground, but this is only supo-sition.

29th.—Jacob Stroud came with some Goods for usfrom Philada; been very Bussy examining ye same &making up a Load of Skins.

30th.—Informed by Keecaise that the Beaver King &ye Indians about Tuscorawas though of y* LenappeNation, yet are not Delewars properly, likewise that y6

Beaver never was made a King by y8 Indians, but byye people of Virginia, and that Neat-hot-whelme was y°Deleware King, & Tuscologas a Half King, being halfa Mingo.

31Bt.—Col1 Boquet gone down in y6 Country yesterday& Cap* Barnsley Commands here now; Barnsley toldme that some of our Friends had taken Commissionsin ye Millitary way, I ask'd him if he did not like themy6 Better, but he sd not abit y® Better; he seems to shewa regard for Friends.

Went down to Shirtees Eocks to see our Horse &c.6mo 2d.—Several people that's much adicted to Sheam-

ing having come to our House at times I have reprov'doften, & shuned their Company & I think they takenotice that I can sit with y® Indians & some that theylook upon meaner then themselves, but I say I would


rather converse with a Good Beggar then a WickedGreat Man.

3rd.—We see no more of y* Mingo Wariors yet goingagainst y6 Cherokees; Keecaise being Hunting up y6

Monongehela says, that he seen y* White men that werekilPd above Bedstone, & that it was done by twoCherokee Men, One Woman & a Boy being Track 'd &pursued by other Indians two Days.

4th.—A man came today for y* Doctor in great Haste.Col1 Boquet & Cap1 Orey at Bedford being Eiding out ina Chair y6 Horse Bun off & Broke the Chair, BrokeOrys Leg & hurt y6 Col1 much.

5th.—Ye Man that came here for y6 Doctor yesterday,is said to have come up in 25 Hours from Bedford.

6th.—We hear from Tuscorowas that Shingass is verySick, which hinders the Indians coming to go to y*Treaty until his recovery; its generally said by y* Whitepeople, that he shews them y8 Most Kindness &generossity of all y* Indians thereabouts.

7th.—Charles Kenny Bought a Creature in ordr to godoun in y6 Contry but ye Agent agreed with him to StayOne Month Longer, so we took y* Creature down to y°Grass Guard at Shirtees. Having Planted out abo*four Hundr of Cabbage Plants, there is not I think'fourty left but what y® Grasshoppers has Eatten; theyhave serv'd them so in y* King's Garden likewise.

0th.—I am informed by a White Lad prissoner thatlived with White Eyes, When y* French was gatheredwith y6 Indians this time four years, at Vennango, tocome down to take Pittsburgh, that y6 sd White Eyesgot a very Long Belt of White Wampum made & sentto y* Indians then assembled with y6 French, re-questing of them to Desist coming against thisplace, which put them in a Consternation, & set'em to Counciling, which did not End till y6 Ex-press Arrived from y® French at Niagara, which turnMthem that way to their defate. Also that y* sd White


Eyes had strongly advised the Delawars to make peacewith y6 English before they should take Fort Duquesne,or Else they would Cut them all off, which was agreedto and having set off & got as far as Tortle Creek, y6

French Commander sent much Wampum With hisCunning Interpreters to alter their minds, so a partyof French & them abo*200 in all, went toward Legonierto get Horses, but y6 Indians Held another Council,sending an Ind11 to y" English Command1" to ask libertyto come to make peace, but before y* Messenger got toy Fort ye rest were discovered by y6 English and abattle began, so y6 Messenger hearing y* Guns returned,y* French & Indn fled & White Eyes was Shot thro y*jaws; y English fired one upon another; on his returnhere told y* Command1" would never Espouse his causeany longer at this time. Frederick Post was on his wayto y* Indns to demand Peace & Jam8 Hays & five of hismen, that Escort'd Post, was KilFd on returning bysd Ind8.

10th.—The former Acco* I have been Informed byWhite Men also that White Eyes told y* Indns that theywent to y6 Inhabitants, & KilPd Old Women & Childrenbut did not hurt y6 English Soldiers, Neither was able,for they seem'd not to Value all that they had met with,but like a Strong Buffelo Bull that had got a Wound,pushed right forward at his Enemy, & would not beturn'd. Informed that there are Nightinggales to y*Northward about y6 uper Lakes, one being Shot by aSerjent that came here.

12th.—Some of ye Tweetwees came here who live Iimmagine y* furthest off of desired to Hold a Treatyor Speke with y6 Command1".

14th.—Beceiv'd a Letter from Benjam11 Elliot givingAcco* my brother John was married.

^5*.—The Tweetwees brought us y6 chief of whatPeltry they had being Good Beaver Otter & Eacoons.

17th.—Ephraim Blaine came here some Days ago


from Carslile, & left several Noats & orders with meon people that owed him, as did Wm Johnson some timeago.

19th.—Went about 2 Mile up y* Monongahele &Eeaped about a dozen Sheaves of Cheat mix'd withsome Timothy, some few Ears of Spelse, Barley, & Eye,being at Shepherds' Landing where y* Teames used tobe fed that Haul'd Timber.

20th.—This Day went in 4 Hours up to Bradock's fieldin our Canoe with my Brother & 2 other Men, wherey6 Mens Bones lyes plenty yet, where y° men wereDrawn up in a line.

21st.—Inform 'd by y6 Pipe Indn from Tuscorawasthat Chingass is got well & in about 12 Days they willbe here on their way to the Treaty; that y* Beaver Kingsays that he will Deliver Frederick Post to y6 Governor& tell him to keep him at home.

22d.—Inform 'd by young Jacobs, that his father i. e.Netotwhelmy ye Delawar King & Tuscologas y® HalfDelaware & Half Mingo King is also coming to go withy* Beaver to y® Treaty.

23rd.—Inform 'd that there are down on y6 Missippia Large sort Wolves having no hair on their Legs orBelly being very Eavenous, one of which Kill'd y*Beavers first Wife. I have been Very unwell this Daywith Simtoms of y6 Ague.

26th.—Walked with Cap* Barnsley thro' his Gardenawhile.

27th.—I hear that a Shawana Young fellow Eob'dTho8 Mitchel & Jn° Bard of sundry Goods; beingsuport'd by y* Men of y® Town, that he feign'd himselfCrazey.

30th.—Heard Serjent Cleark tell of a Woman beingKill'd with many more of an escort going from Albanyto Fort Edward some years ago, said Woman's hand &part y6 Arm would stand out y6 Grave being several


times buried & was seen by him for several Days untillit Withered above Ground.

7™° lBt.—Cap1 Callender came here from Detroit &says that some Weeks ago they Had Thunder & light-ning there for a Month together & we had it here prettyconstant

r 3rd.—This Day y6 Beaver King & Frederick Post& many Indn8 came from Tuscorawas going to y*Treaty.

5th.—Kings Netotwhelmy & Tuscologass came to Day,some y6 Heads of y® Shawanas, Tawas, Weweaugh-tanies, Tweetwees &c.

6th.—I was employ'd by Frederick Post to buy a fatBeef for the use y6 Indians, which was kill M this morn-ing & y6 Young men Caried ye same over y* Eiver, beingvery Thankfull.

7th.—Ye Indians have brought about 50 Prisonersesteem'd to be abo* half ye numr y® Delewars have; theycould hardly find Kettles to Boyle their meat; MajorWard, Croghans Brother, having y* Care of y* Indianaffairs now at this place would not find them Kettlesas they are under y® conduct of Frederick Post by y*Governors ordr to take them down to y6 Treaty. Wardinsisted that Post should buy large Kettles at y® chargeye Province, but we Lent him some, also Ward had men-tion'd (as I been informed) to them of delivering y®Prisoners to him, which might be of ill consequence asmany of 'em might return back to y® Indians, somebeing hid or run away already, but this on consider-ation was declined.

5th.—The Indian chiefs held Several Councilsamongst them about delivering ye Prisoners, being ofDifferent Oppinions at last conclud'd by the Half King,Custologas & y® Delaware King Netotwhelmy & theirCouncils to return home, having sent deputies with ye

Beaver King to ye Treaty.9th.—The particulars were nominated that Should go

VOL. XXXVIL—11


down, about 30 Indians & 18 Prisoners, chiefly Women& Children.

10th.—They set off about 3 o'Clock this afternoon, &as Frederick Post was orderM by Governor Hammeltonto Cunduct them down to a Treaty in our Province, y6

burden fell much on him to attend them & many com-plaints they made that Ward would not let them haveVictuals enough; Post hired about 12 Horses to help y*Women & Children along.

IIth.—Keceiv'd ods of £33. worth of Peltry of Custo-loga y* half King, kept us almost all Day. White Eyesturn'd back his Creature having Bun from him, but Iseem to think he was asham'd to go down so few of y6

Prisoners being taken to it, ye Treaty.12th.—This day Fleming y6 Post set off from here, I

Wrote Ellis Hughs, Isr1 Pemberton & Jn° Bartram.13th.—Came back ye Company of Warriors that Kill'd

Huling's cow, when going out, they brought 1 Prisoner& 5 Scalps; three Great Guns was fired to answer theirSalute.

14th.—The Shawas have sent out Hunters (they say)in order to get 20 Horse Load Skins, to Carry downwith all y6 Prisoners they Have in case their Deputiesbrings a Satisfactory Account of y* present Treaty withy6 Delawars, in token of being fully reconciled; we heary® Papists have BebelPd in Ireland.

15th.—I hear that Killbuck had been threatening OldCo1 Cressop, & that in y6 War time he says he lay manyDays on a Hill Oposite his house waiting to Kill y* OldCo1, upon hearing of which Old Cressep has sent Kill-buck a Chellange that he wou'd fight him, each to takea Gun. This Letter coming now a few days since hasfrightend Killbuck from going to y* Treaty.

18th.—The Trade that comes to this place pritty muchdevolves to our House, Especially from y6 Delewars, &could we be safe in Trusting a little we should havealmost all their Custom.


20th.—The Scheme projected by G. C. of Trusting yIndians which Levy, Trent & Co done much in it, nowdo not turn out Satisfactory, y6 Indians not paying, y6

Credit Stops; there is dissatisfaction in both sides.,21st.—The Shawanas that came to y6 Treaty brought

a Double Tooth here wh weigh 'd 6flb & a piece about 15Tnches Long of an Eye Tooth.

22*.—Robert Pusey (a Cossen of Joshua Pusey)came here from y* Shawana Town being a Prissonerthere about 5 years; he brought a Tooth weigh M 4£lb

& says that these Teeth are Esteem M, that there aresome Teeth too Heavy to be carried, that there areHorns about 12 foot Long, as I suppose is y6 Eye teethof Elephants.

23rd.—None of ye Indians can remember of seeing anyof these Creatures alive, neither do they Know whokill'd them, but that there is a little Stone fortificationmade near the Lake where its believ'd y6 Indians thatkill'd them ambuscad'd themselves.

,25th.—The Collonel has sat up ye Common Prayer &Littiany to be read on ye first Days y* Week. Jn°Ormsby Eeads the Prayr's.

26th.—Amongst other things, I am Informed byRobert Pusey that this Summer was four years ago,when Nanticoke Will came here from amongst y* Sha-wanas being ye first of them that came to See us; y*Account I gave him of y6 Matters in Adjetation & y*Advice with y6 l i s t of y* Prices of Goods & Peltry withus, had such effect when he returned home as to Stopabout fourty or fifty Wariors just then going againsty® English having held a Council & Stop't them; alsothat they profess a Great regard for ye Quakers & wasagainst their Wariors coming to Pennsylvania at all,but are Still Spitefull against Virginia.

27th.—Here has been two men from y* borders ofCarrolina who has pass'd many Counterfit £5 BillsVirginia Money, and y* Coll1 has Order 'd to carry him


all y6 Counterfit Bills above mentioned, in ordr I hear,to send them to y* Governor of Virginia.

30th.—Came here from Philada David Franks & JohnReed Contractors to Settle y® Provission Acco*.

gmo ̂ st—in(jian Peter return'd from Detroit & Saysthat another Belt for War, was sent by y6 Mingoes toye Wyondots who carried it to Cap1 Camble, & that y°Indians back there talks that y* English are going toStrike them. Meeting Mohickan John going from here,who told him he hear'd it at this place amongst y* WhitePeople, also that Michael Teafe has told y6 Indianssome foolish Stuff also, that Mohickan Jn° sd that y*Indians who went to the Treaty would never Eeturn.

2*.—An old fisherman Nam'd Eobert Elliot fell outof his Canoe last Night, being at Ancor fishing, & wasDrownded, not being found yet.

3Td.—Three days agoe returned a Company of MingoWarriors having One Prisoner & One Scalp of y*Cherokees.

4th.—Jacob Stroud, & 3 Waggons more came here, hebro* sundry Goods.

9th.—Load'd two Waggons with Peltry yesterday andthey set off; I sent my Wolf, Eacoon & Wild Cat, apresent to y6 Governor.

11th.—Been very Wet and Eainey to Day. An Acco*been taken of y* Provissions at this place, y* 7th of thismonth: there appears to be 67,696lb Good Flour &41,159 part Good & part bad, Due by the Baker's allow-ing 25 pr cent of Bread to 100lb Flour 8,781lb; Eemain inStore 117,636lb; 733lb Eice, 284 Barrels Beef, 66 dittoPork, 679 Pounds Bacon, 238 Oxen, 4 Milch Cows, 76Sheep, 7 Hogs, 332 Bushels Salt. There was Comdemn'd by a Court of Enquiry 10,068lb Flour & 1097lb

Butter. Allow'd for Wastage by Jn° Ormsby Com-massary here, 22,352lb Flour & ab* 4 Barrels Pork &Mutton, also KilPd by Wolves & other Accidents 6


Oxen, 13 Sheep, & 2 Swine. Whether y6 King's Com-massary will allow of ye sd Wastage is a question.

12th.—Its said y6 remained of Damaged Flour is to beCondemned, I hear'd ye Grenediers refused to Eat of it.

13th.—There has been Great Eains up y6 Mononga-hela as it has Eose very fast & High, so that it cuts aCross y6 Alegheny & drives Logs, Canoes &c up it withye back Water.

16th.—Edward Graham who has not been threeWeeks gone from this place, has been at New York, iny° Jerseys & return'd here last Night; he met myBrother Charles at Legonier, who inform'd him that hehad kill'd Seventy-two Battle Snakes by Buyerly's atBrushey Bun, being Coyled in three Heaps of differentSeizes.

17th.—Pritty much Wet Weather; I hear'd by Edw*Graham that ye Indians were got to Scots, near Lan-caster, when he met them, & that they had got someLiquor, but want'd to have more; being refus'd of itthey told Frederick Post he should no more Travel iny6 front as a Capn but should go in y6 reer, & that heshould not return back to live with them.

19th.—William Clappam who was Co1 formerly, hisSon follow'd Trading at Detroit & leaving that placesome Months ago, in order to come here, having Senty* rest of his Company to Sandusky to come here byLand, himselfe & a Man & Woman (Prisoners being In-dians) that those Nations Sell for Slaves when taken,by them, he having bought these two set off in a largeBark Canoe along ye Lake for Presque Isle, only themtwo Prisoners with him; now there is no Account ofthem.

20th.—John Doubty, an old Indian Man Born in theJerseys, Tells me that the Indians were much betterPeople before any White People came amongst them,then now; that they used frequently Morning & NightPrayer and return'd thanks to y* Good Spirit Above,


for preserving them, and that they knew nothing of anysort Indn Corn, untill y6 first of that Seed they got outof a Deer they had kill'd, only one grain between y6

Skin & Kibs which they planted & soon had great In-crease, So that a feast was made & many IndiansInvited to Eat fat Venison Boyl'd with Corn, so theyEat & returned thanks to y* Creatore of all things, forsending them that Good Grain & that they got Wheat inSame Manner, but made little progress in raising it.After ye White people Came y6 Dutch about New Yorkshot an Indn for polling Peaches off his trees, whichcaus'd Wars, & after Peace, y6 Indians being settledthick in a Town Near y* Dutch, in a very deep Snow,y* Dutch taking y* advantage kilPd y* Indians onlyone made his escape, who allarm'd others so that twoother Wars & Peaces ensued, ye last Peace lasting untillthis late War. He says that after y* White peoplebro* Eum & suply'd y* Indians with it, they forgot God& lost their former Devotion.

21st.—Here is a Sort of Grape y6 best Wild Sort Ihave Eatten, they Grow on y* Gravelly Sand & Stoneswhere y* Eiver overflows, y* Vines Spreding about.

22d.—George Croghan has sent up lately a Quantityof Liquors, & its said, none is to have liberty to bringany Liquor to this place but him; its taken into y6

King's Stores as it comes & a Serjent has ye care of itto Sell it out. Many of y6 Sutling Inhabitants here havegot kegs of it & Drunkeness makes it's appearanceagain.

24th.—Letters come here say, that Young Clappamwas Tomhocked by his Indian Captive, who with hisSquaw made off amongst y* Chipawas; they confessedto them what they had done; the Chipawas commend'dthem, but enticed them to Detroit where they deliveredthem to Cap1 Camble, where they Lie in Irons.

25th.—It's said there are 20 New Battoes to be Builthere Sufficient to Carry 32 Barrels of Beef Each.


26th.—One of y6 Old Traders says, that he hear'd y*Head Man of the Shawanas say, that they want'd y*English to Build a Fort at some convenient place neary* Mouth of Sciota Eiver, to protect their Wives &children while they were at War & Hunting from y*Cherokees.

27th.—Cap1 Basset was hear'd to say amongst y*Brick Makers, that they would see men Enough herenext Summer.

28th.—Some aledges there may be an Expedition NextSumr down ye Ohio to Missippie.

30th.—The Common Prayer is Bead now every firstDay & ye Coll1 is pleas'd to see many of y* Inhabitantsgo to hear it.

gmo 4th—j w a g foifi ky a ]\jing0 Man, that there hadbeen a French officer & three Shawana Indians & oneMissippi Indn Eeconitering y6 Fort & taking a Plan ofit & that ye Shawanas told him that y6 French wouldsoon come up ye Eiver in Battoes to this place, of whichI acquainted Coll1 Bouquet, he not doubting theirreconitering he being jealous of thire own Safty, butthinks they could not attempt an Attack here this Sump.

5th.—Some Indians come before y® rest from y* Treaty& its reported by Charles Brookins here, that y* Indianshave made demands at y* Treaty that cannot becomply 'd with; also that Friends held a private Councilwith y* Indians, not admitting any others into it, & thatFriends are much blamed for it, as if they had occa-sioned y6 Indians to make such demands.

0th.—Its also said, that ye Indians will not permitFrederick Post to Live amongst them.

7th.—I could forsee before y* Indians went from thisplace to y6 Treaty, that y* Leading Men in Indianaffairs, here away, took Umbrage at their going to holdtreaties with our Governm* & lead by Frederick Postto Lancaster. I thought ye Indians might be excited tomake that Treaty Burdensome to y* Province.


8th.—The Indians finding that y* White People arevery anctious to have y° Prisoners, will according totheir common dispositions, set more Price on them inthire minds, expecting that they will squeese out y" fullPrice of them, as if Sold, which I imagine is y* reasonof their mentioning such things as to destroy FortAugusta, & y6 high demands they made at ye Treaty,alledging as much reason for it as for them to deliverup ye Prisoners, for nothing.

9th.—Bussiness seems but Dull at this place thissummer, & many people has left it; if it comes rightsettled times & but a small Garrison kept here, I thinkit will not incourage many to Settle a Town here.

10th.—I think Geo: Croghan is returned from y6

Treaty & a Man who came in his Company from Bed-ford says, that he is so sick that he can't live long.

11th.—The man that came up with G. Croghan alsosays, that he hear'd him and y* rest of his CompanyVaunt, how that y* Quakers was flung at y8 Treaty—this makes for my observation of y6 7th Instant denoat-ing plainly that there was some party that stroveagainst y* Quakers if not against y* whole Intention ofthat Treaty, & its report'd for truth here, that y*Beaver King has sent Governor Hamilton word thathe may keep y* Goods (which was sent as far as Loudonby Waggons for y* Indians) & they would serve him foranother Treaty. This looks like more of y* Good In-spiration y* Indians has received & not against y*Quakers only, but y6 Government.

12th.—The Beaver is returned & seems unwell & notso Cheerful as befor they went down, they seem halfSnow'd with Rum.

13th.—All y* Indians I have Spoke with, thats been aty* Treaty, seems well satisfied; ye Beaver's OldestBrother John, says he never seen kinder people.

14th.—I never understood that y6 Six Nations wasInvited to this Treaty & I hear there were some


Hundreds of them there. If not Invit'd its been y8

Pollicy of some hereaway to make it y6 more Bur-densom.

17th.—Ye Delawars are mightly pleas'd that I havepreferred thier Tongue in learning most of it so thatI can converse a little with them; one of tiiem told mein Weighing his Skins, that I must not Chate or it wouldoffend y* Good Spirit above; I told him I would not &that he should mind y* Same Rule.

18th.—The Indians say, that y* General reportamongst thier people is, that Friends are kinder &better humour'd than any others.

19th.—The news of taking y* Havanna fills y6 peoplehere with Transports of Joy.

21st.—The Mingoes rais'd Reports of Seeing Chero-kees not fare off, but it's not believ'd.

25th.—Thomas Hutchins has returned from his longjourney amongst y6 Indians, brings no news, y® Indiansused him very Civily.

27th.—The people in General very Healthy here.28th.—Its Said many of the Shawanas at y* Lower

Towns has Died of y* Ague, some say above 100, whenTho8 Hutchins was there lately; they had many Handsat work he says to catch y* Devil it seems they want tokill or confine him.

10™ 4th.—Geo. Croghan & y* Col1 has apply 'd to us,for a quantity of Goods to be given in pressents to y6

Indians against they bring y* remaindr of y6 Prisonershere which we have been assorting out of y® Store.

5th.—One Jn° Gray, an Old Trader, came up from y*lower Shawana Town & says that y* Shawanas weregot so Cross, that he was affraid to stay there, that y*Mingoes had sent a Belt amongst them advising themto mischeif against y6 English & had told them manylies.

6*.—Many of y6 Old Traders say they are of opin-nion, that the Indians will Breake out again to war.


7th.—I understand that Robinson y6 Smith, who camenp here, had Authority from Judge Allen which Co1

Bouquet was to Execute, in sending One of our OldTraders Down to Answer his Creditor for a quantityof Goods he had last year & had made no return, ye

Trader is M— & Cap1 Trent answer M y6 Debt.8th.—Co1 Burd came here having a Commission for

him & Josiah Davenport to receive y6 Prisoners & makesome presents to y° Indians.

pth—Frederick Post came here by whom we were In-form Jd much of ye state of y* Treaty.

10th.—It's been reported here to Co1 Bouq*, that ye

Indians were much dissatisfied with y6 Treaty at Lan-caster, which I must needs think is y* Information ofsuch that would have it so, for all that we enquired ofabo* that Treaty they like thier usage very well.

11th.—This Evening Frederick Post set off to Tus-corawas to see how his Lad does that is Sick with y*Ague & to see what receptions he will have amongst y*Indians, being resovled if these Indians do not accept ofhis Service, he will Travel to y6 West as far as y* Eng-lish Garisons reach.

12th.—Post Asked my Advice in such a Case as hethought it his duty being Moved by y* Divine Spirit tosettle amongst these Indians & so many EnemiesRaised amongst them to his Service in y6 Gosple, hav-ing destroyed his Garden & small hope of being Alowedto Plant anything next Spring, having no help from y6

Publick nor from his Brethren could not see how hecould subsist. I told him that if y6 work was of y6 Lord& he intended to help y* Indians by his endeavours atthis time, that these difficulties would be removed, &yet to try & wait to see the result. I think his residingamongst y6 Indians might be of Great Service to y6

English Intrest by removing their jealousies, whichthey are often subject to from Lies raised by y6 Mingoes


& others to set them against us, such being now busyamongst y6 Shawanas.

13th.—Receiv'd abo* 70 fine Deer Skins to Day. APrisoner called Frederick Ire, who was a bitter Enemyagainst y6 White people & threatened to kill Several ofthem, has been by y* Indians (at Mohickan John's) thisSummer killed, at y® request of some of y6 white peopleas it is said.

14th.—A Lad that was sent to Venango by some of y*Traders is returned & says that he was Eobed &Strip'd of his Cloths, by Indians that Talked Dela-ware. One of them returned him his Shirt but I thinkhe lost y6 Eoad.

15th.—I have I think made mention before of y6 Im-poster which is raised amongst y* Delawares, in orderto shew them ye right way to Heaven. This plan isPortrayed on a Dress'd Leather Skin & some onpaper, fixes y6 Earth at y* Bottom & heaven at y* top,having a straight Line from One to y6 Other, by whichtheir forefathers use'd to assend to Hapiness. Abo*y6 middle is like a Long Square cuting thire way toHapiness, at right Angles, & stoping them represent-ing ye White people, y* outside is a Long Squair likeblack Stroke Circomscribing y* Whole within it, &joyning on y* left Hand Issuing from y6 White peoplesplace is cut many Strokes parralel to thire Squair orSituation, all these Strokes represents all y* Sins &Vices which ye Indians have learned from y* Whitepeople, through which now they must go, y* GoodEoad being Stopt. Hell being fixed not far off, therethey are Led irrevocibly.—Ye Doctrine Issued on this& ye way to help it, is said to be, to learn to live with-out any Trade or Connections with ye White people,Clothing & Supporting themselves as their fore-fathers did; its also sd that y* Imposter Prognosticatesthat there will be Two or Three Good Talks & thenWar; this Gains amongst them so much, that mostly


they have quit Hunting any more then for to suplyNature in that way,

16th.—Having some discourse with Major Smallman(G. Croghans Cossen) about the Province Store, Imentioned perhaps y* Governm* might renew y* Lawfor continuing y6 Store at Shamokin, if not for this, atPittsburgh, he answer'd he thought not, as there wasseveral Complaints against it, or y® conducting of it,I am doubtful y6 Indians have been set on, to makecomplaints against that Store and y* Conductor of it.

17th.—Col1 Burd Lodges at our House & seems VerySociable; Allexr McKee is gone several Days agoe to-ward y* Lower Shawana Town with a Message fromCroghan in regard to bringing in the Prisoners, as weare told.

18th.—The Indians at their Towns make feasts itssaid now every Day & perform their new devotions byDancing, Singing & sometimes all Kneeling & praying(its said) to a little God who carries y* petitions &presents them to y6 Great Being, which is too High &mighty to be Spoke to by them; this little God lives insome place near them.

19th.—The 10th Instn1 Allexr McKee went with aMessage from Croghan to y6 lower Shawana Townabo* bringing ye Prissoners in.

20th.—Charles Steward return'd from y* ShawanaTown, being after his Daughter a Prisoner there, butCould not Get her, he says there has Died of themlately 180 Shawanas being taken & Dies in two Daysafter.

22*.—Frederick Post's Lad that came here, Informsus that Shingass was very cross to him & almoststarves y* White Children he has Prisoners.

23*.—We had a Letter from Post & he says that y*Indians received him with much seeming kindness.

24th.—Colo1 Burd got me to Copy y6 Commission &Instructions given him & Josiah by y6 Governor, where


y* Governor requests of 'em to endeavour to find outy6 Polleticks that may be amongst y® Indians.

27th.—Samuel Lightfoot Esqp, of Chester County, hasbeen here abo* a Week, past, came from y* WarmSpring in Virginia.

30th.—Jacob Stroud's Waggons came & brought ussundry Goods, we Loaded them of with 31 HundredWeight Skins.

llmo lBt.—Many Horses are said to be Stolen lately,y* Mingoes are chiefly accused with it.

4th.—Indian Simon came here with his Son fromCuscuskies, lodged in our House, he shewed me hisBook containing their new Religion, being a faviour, Ithink that no White man has received here beside me;he told me he was become a Minister now to y* Indiansat Cuscuskies, he also said his Prayers by his book,which I look upon as Great Idolatry as he seemed toAdore y® Image of ye Son or Little God at y6 top of it,it shewes no Image of y6 Great being, but he says he ishigher. I told him it offended y6 Good Spirit to makeany Likeness of him, & that man could not see him,but Good Men, that was known by him, always Lovedall Men & would not be Wroth or angry with any. Idoubt there is no good at y6 Bottom of their Religion.

8th.—Wolf Keekyusions Son is put in y6 GuardHouse for Stealing Horses.

10th.—Col1 Burd's out of Patience almost waiting &no acco* from y* Governor nor y6 Indians.

14th.—Cap* Callend1" came from Detroit, & says thatye 19 Day of last month it was so dark there all Daythat they Burned Candles all Day, & that some dustfell on ye Linnin & Stain M it.

16th.—Colonel Bouquet was pleas'd to give SamuelLightfoot a Conveyance of a Lot of Ground on y8 Bankof y* Monongahela, so as to take in his sons Grave whodyed here.


17th.—Co1 Bouquet has agreed to let Co1 Burd &Davenport act as directed by y6 Governor.

18th.—Samuel Lightfoot set off home with PaulPierce. I sent by him a Map of this place & ye forksof y* Eivers here to Israel Pemberton, also a Letter tomy Brothr & one wtt some seeds to Humphrey Marshall.

19th.—By some peoples talke here, they think y* Landon this side y* Alegheny Mountain will be made aKing's Governm* & that in 2 years or less time, therewill be encouragement from y6 King to Settle theseLands to this place, Viz Pittsburgh.

20th.—Col1 Bouquet & Col1 Burd set off from here togo down to Philad* &c.

21st.—Allexr Mullen bro* me a Bottle of Oyle from y6

Oyl Spring at Mooskingum. Wolf ye Indian, made hisEscape last night from y* little House where he wentwith 2 Men to Guard him, out of y* Guard House.

23rd.—A letter arived from Allexr McKee, at y*Shawan Town, signifying that some y® Indians were tocome & bring in some Prisoners.

McKee also Gave Aceo* that y6 Mingoes has a WarBelt & Bloody Tomhock now offering to y6 Shawanas,requesting thier help as they are Going to Strike y6

English & drive them off their Lands as they say..25th.—I am Doubtfull y* Mingoes will not rest untill

they breed Mischeif again; y* Picks had bro* y* belt tothe Shawana;—Very like a Second time to stop y6

Prisoners,27th.—Silver Heels has been here Some Days with a

Party of Mohacks, Going as Spyes or to War, they sayagainst ye Spaniards, toward y6 Missipi or Augustine;he has a Pass from Co1 Johnson; he is sd to be one ofthe Senica Nation, but much attached to y* English, &has been with them at y® Taking of Martinico, (theysay).

29th.—Silver Heels & Company Gone down ye Eiverin 2 Canoes.


30th.—Geo. Croghan is come up from Bedford &Francis Innise & John Martin, on Speaking to himabout their Children y* are Prisoners w* y8 Indians, hetold them (as they say) that y6 Prisoners will never beGot from them unless he Gets them, & sd likewise, thaty8 Province had done so much hurt to y8 Publick In-terest, by their late Treaty held at Lancaster that itcould not be repaired under Great Cost to y8 Crown (individeing y8 presents uneaqual).

12mo 1st.—Yesterday returned Allex1" McKee fromamongst y8 Shawanes & Says, they used him Civily,—there is abo* 10 of them coming up & a few Prisoners.

8th.—A Company of Mingo Hunters came in, Salutedye Fort & was answered by three Cannon Shot. Theyhave had provissions & 20lb Powdr & 40|b Lead & 20lb

Tobacco & 2 doz knives given them, they may wellbestow y° Giver Some Land.

9th.—Its tooke som Notice of that Geo. Croghan hasnot Invited the Chief Man of y8 Delaware Nation, i. e.Netotwhelmy nor made him any presents hardly at all.

10th.—The sd Head Man & y8 Half King Custologanot being invited to y8 Last Treaty, in a proper Man-ner, as they Govern y8 Greatest part of y8 Nation, & y8

chief invitations being mentioned to y8 Beaver, now itssd they will not agree to his engagements with y8

Governor, & ye Money Given him he has not hardlydivided with any of them, So they are much dis-satisfied.

12th.—Bec'd a Letter from Frederick Post giving merhis opinion of y8 Imposters new Eeligion raisedamongst y8 Indians, which he says y8 Imposter tellsthem he had a Vission of Heaven where there was noWhite people but all Indians, & wants a total Sepe-ration from us, & for that purpose advisses y8 Indiansto Impose upon y8 Traders.

14th.—Keecaise set off up y8 Monongahela to Hunt& trap after dealing abo* 20 Pounds worth Skins withus.


17th.—Major Smallman & Allexr McKee set off downy* River with Goods toward y6 lower Shawana Town;Smallman as a Trader & McKee as Croghan's deputyto wait y6 coming of y6 Prissoners in Spring.

18th.—Ye Garison here now keeps some CannonLoaded & y* Train Men mounts Guard keeping a Matchlighted day & night, as if they were apprehensive of anattack.

19th.—Old E. McCollon came here, Son of Chirk-og-a-nickan to whome it is sd y6 Properitor made a Deedof Newlin Township (that is now) on Brandywine,Chester County; he set off last spring from his Houseat Mosekingum, being going to see ye Governor to havea reward for sd Land & was taken Sick which has de-tained him.

20th.—I dreamed y6 14th Ins1 at night that a MingoYoung Man told me -y6 Mingoes Go to War with yeEnglish next Summer.

21".—Old McCollon says that John Langdale (whenhere) Encouraged him much to go down to be pd forhis Lands.

22*.—Old Indian entertained at our House & re-covers his Strength well, tells me he never was to seey* French but once while they lived here & then he didnot half like them.

23rd.—As Dreams often come from ye Idies orthoughts that are prevalent in ye mind, I shall takenotice here of a Dream the above Old Indian informsme he dreamed several years ago & informed me of itwithout our having any discourse about dreams. Saysthat in his dream he was conveyed as it seemed, in y®Air to a Spacious Building, which seemed to be upheldthere without any foundation or Stay to hang by & adoor opened where he went in, being conveyed into aninner apartment he seen y° Great Creator of all things,sitting an a Glorious Seat & appeared like a Man (ashe Immagined like y* King of the White People); he


discoursed with him & told him y® Indians did not doright in giving such particular Names to Creatures asthey had done, & told him that he had Created allthings & that he had given Names to all Species whichwas enough & took him where another Door Opened,& ye Almighty being Called all Species of Creatures Oneafter another with a mighty Sound, & each kind ofCreatures appeared & took notice of their name whencalled, so after shewing him this said, y6 General Namewas Enough for Each Species; so conveyed y* Indn toy* inner Door as he was going away took leave &awaked. The Indians gives themselves y* Names ofmany Beasts & Wild Creatures, Vermin, fish & fowlsof y6 Air, which may be Abomination.

24th.—There is a Company of Shawanas come here,but I hear of no Prisoners coming. I am Informed byE. McCollen that there is a deal of some kind of Oreamongst Eocks & Hills (by a Path) at y° Crossing ofa Eun, y* Path that leads from y* Indn Town on Loyal-hanning Creek, where now Stands Leigonier F* to anIndn Town on y6 other Branch North Eastward, bothbeing Branches of Kiskeminitus, calPd by ye Indiansthe Conomugh Creek; some of ye Ore he bro1 to a Smiththat lived at Loyalha7 who run it into a Bar & told himit was good Steel, but that he shou* not tell any y*White people of it, Else it would soon breed War.

25th.—The above Indn Informs me that abo1 half ye

Shawana Nation went away over y* Missipi (when theyretired back down this river) & that now some of themis gone from y* Lower Towns to bring back the otherpart of that Nation from a Great Distance & theyExpect them all Back next Sumr. Likewise he says,that there is a Nation of Indns Settled over ye Missipibelow y* Mouth of Ohio, & a great distance back, whotalks y6 Delaware Tongue, he being informed by In-dians y1 were amongst 'em, also that about Six Yearsago in y6 Summer, there fell a Shower of Hailstones at

VOL. XXXVII.—12


y6 Lower Shawana Town as big as Walnuts, that brokethrough y° Roofs of some Cabins, beat down some men& killed one person. Now this fall there died 150 menbesids Women, with an Epidemical disorder at y6

lower Shawana towns, which y6 Old Man is of Oppinionhe sd its Sent from God upon them for they are veryProud,

26th.—The Shawana Man (calPd Wide Mouth) oneof which went to y* Treaty at Lancaster, & his famleyabo* 9 in numr bro* in here two Young Women calledSusey Voss & , taken from y6 Back parts Virginia,& two boys tho* to be taken from some parts Pennsylv*,y* boyes can Only talk Shawana & when ask'd theirformer Names, one said his Name was Jacob Adam, &y* other said his Name was Nelins Stan, that by thisthey seem to be of Dutch Extraction, being deliveredto y6 Agent they remain at our House having a privateRoom to Sleep in & locked up every Night.

27th.—White Eyes come from Hunting low down thisRiver, & One Benjm Sutten, a White Man, beingformerly amongst y6 Traders. Sutten Relates thatWhite Eyes whilst out a Hunting together & when atHome at his House, causes him to Read his Bible fre-quently & what part he don't understand he asksSutten y6 meaning of it, will not allow his Childrento make any Noise to interrupt, or allow y® other In-dians to laugh or dispise it, he would rather then 50Pounds he could Read he says, & intends to send hisson to Philad* to be taught;—allows it was God'speople Made y6 Scripture.

28th.—There came a Canoe Load of Indians &Peltry from White Eyes last night, who all delt them,at our House; y6 House being thong'd before with In-dian Customers, & y6 Prisoners, So that we have y6

whole Trade almost that comes to y* Place notwith-standing Croghan sits at y6 Indn Helm & lives close tohis Cossen Smallman's Store, of which he has y° Over-


sight now I supose. Ye Alegheny drives w* much Ice& ye Monongahela is clear.

29th.—Had another Canoe w* Skins to Day fromCanostoga Will, i. e. Billey Sam & Compy; been verybusey all Day. White Eyes & I had several disputes,he has been affronted at y6 Soldiers for not leting himin y fort, it being against orders. I told him thatthemselves i. e. y6 Indn8 were ye Cause of it, as ye

Mingoes had their Messengers abroad urging for Waragain, throwing reflexions at y6 White people, but Ipin'd him so tight that he had nothing to say butEnough & acknowledged it was true.

30th.—Finished dealing with our Guests & most all ofthem are gone; the weather got very warm again, &y* Snow is much gone. An Indian having 13 BeaverSkins, told me he wanted wampum for them & that hewas offered it 10/ Cheaper per 1000 then we asked. Itold him I would Weigh his Beaver & tell how much wewou'd give, then take them to ye Other, & see if he gavemore, so he Brought 'em back again to us.

51st.—Another Canoe wth Peltry come to Day to usdown the Loyalhannine & Keecaise from Bedstone.There are many Invitations from some of our Townspeople, to these prisoners to go to their Houses but notallow* of as their practices is not Commendable.

1763. lmo 2*.—E. McCollen Says One of his Sons isIndebtd to Levy & Co. & Jn° Ormsby ye Sum of 400Pounds. Having Much Peltry Gathered last Year toPay them with, Some Mingo Wariors Going down ye

Eiver told them that y® English & Indians Were atWar here & at Venango, so he put his peltry into anEmpty House & set it on fire; y® Old Man says he mustpay y6 Debt for him if he Gets Pay for his Land.

3rd.—Cloudy this Day. Keecaise set oil for Redstone& took Letter's to y6 Commr there to be forward'd toPaterson's Creek, concerning these Prisoners to thierRelations there.


7th.—I am informed by Benjamin Sutton, a Hunter& Traper & resides chiefly amongst y6 Indians, beingmany years w"1 y6 Chickishaws & had gone with themto War some Hundred Miles over ye Missipi, againsta Nation that lives in Clear Savannas in a LevelContry, who uses dried Buffelo Dung & Grass for fuel,having no Commerce with any White people, UsesBows & Arrows pointed with Buck's Horn, with a largeTarget on ye left arm made of y° Skins of 2 BuffeloeNecks, wth Sand betwixt to fend off; no Woods, soScarce of Water, that y* Chickshaws caries long SharpSticks to Work holes down in Chance places wherethey reach water, & after Settleing they Suck out wth

hollow reeds. Some Distance from this lies otherNations in Whoes land are the Rhinosses or ElephantMaster, being a very large Creature of a Dark Colourhaving a long Strong horn growing upon his Nose(w* which he kills Elephants) a Short tail like an Elk;two of sd Horns he seen fixd over a Gate at S l Augus-tine, & that its y* Bones of Some of these lies down inBuffelo lick by y6 Ohio, wher y6 Great teeth Comesfrom, the Sholder Blades in sd lick he seen Nine innumr, y* largest abo* a Yard Wide at y" Top, some teethweighing above Seven Pounds (I seen One bro* here &part of a Horn y6 tooth weigh'd above five Pounds)—that y6 Spaniards is limmited by a River some distanceSouth from y* Mouth of y* Missipi being the boundariesbetween them & y* French over y* Missipi & not farfrom y* sd Boundary y8 Spaniards have a mine wheremany Men in Constant at Work, tho* to be Gold, thaty* Mouth of y6 River Missipi Contains two Sandy flatIslands from which runs up Steam long Sand Sholes,Making three Mouths or passages into y* Bay, y6

Westermost next y° Spanish Main, being always used& y6 Shiping inward bound Sailes up beyound y6 twoIslands, keeping y* far Side a Considerable Distance upy6 River, then if bound to S* Augustine Crosses above


y Sands & turns down Stream to ye Harbour. That y6

Tide comes abo* 400 Miles up y® Missipi, & that largeSloops comes up to New Orleans it being but abofc 400or 500 Miles down from y6 Mouth of y6 Ohio y* Bankshaving much Scum like Iron rust & in places Verdi-greese, that in passing up & down they never drink y6

Missipi water it being of a Dark purple Colour & veryPhisickal; y* above y6 Mouth of Ohio its no more CalledMissipi but Wabash being abo* 1J Miles Wide & ye Ohioat ye Mouth abo* 1 Mile Wide with no falls to Interruptonly y6 Side a little abo* New Orleans y* River abo1 3Miles Wide.—He being Offten up & down y6 MissipiSays also, he is informed by his acquaintance Sam1

Peckwood, who was taken Prisoner out of Virginia& lived 2 years amongst y* Tawas up near Detroit orfurther, that there is a Great Lake they always CrossGoing from Lake Mitchigan or Mitchelemackenack toMount Real which I judge to be Lake Huron, in whichis two Islands, one of which (in y6 Sumr is defended soby Snakes that they swim to Meat a Canoe whenComing near Shore & oblidged to beat them off with y6

Paddles seeing many on y® Shore.—Ye Other IslandStill worse, in which many of y® sd Indians & Frenchhave landed & all that ever went in it never returned;when some small Distance in y® Woods was hear'd bythem that lay off in Canoes to cry & screem; at one time14 Men Going in it never one returned, y® other Com-pany waiting two Days & two Nights off some distancebut could never hear more, of them; y® Indians call ity® Devil's Island, they seen Paths much trod & like alarge Man's or Bear's track in y® Sand by y® Shore, y®French imagins it to be a Dragon that destroys them.Ye Island is sd to be abo4 3 Miles long. I know not howmuch Credit to give this Story, it may be so, but veryStrange if true. The Indians also Inform'd me thatNorth of y® Lakes in a Cold Contry there lives a Nationof very Lusty Indians, who are Man Eaters & Eat all


flesh Eaw; after Eating to Satisfaction can fast TenDays; that they have Sheep in that place & Ehinossesof a smaller kind then they to y6 Southward.

I think its in y® English Nations Power to be of muchmore Service to ye Indians then they are, by En-deavouring to civilize them & by taking proper Methodsfor that purpose instead of which, those that are mostconversant amongst them, are mostly Men of Baseprinciples, rather joyning with y6 Indian customs &abominations, or shewing 'em worse Examples thanthey Naturaly are prone too, & its in Vain to pretendto Endeavour to turn them to the English Customs,Eeligions or Manners, Whilst they see frequently better& honester Men amongst themselves then Most EnglishPeople going by that Name amongst them, to lay afoundation for reforming them; it must be, by such au-thority as to withdraw all such people from amongstthem & none permited to trade amongst 'em, but Menof Sound Principles & Strict Morals that by their Life& behaviour the Indians might See something beautifulin Eeal Christians,—but this is not ye Case they aremore Excited to abhore y6 Name of a Christian by y*Vile Pretenders to that name resorting w* them & atthis place which is Called an English Town and perhapsOne half y* money spent to carry on y® Last War w*them had it been in time laid out in some good Meathodsas above might not Only Attatched them to ye Englishbut have drawn them from Our Enemies who takesmore pains to Ingraft bad principles amongst them thenthe English do Good ones.

12th.—Cold Cloudy Weather but not much Snow; y*Eiver almost Shut in some places. I think y* Command'Cap* Acquay Seems doubtful of G C drawingso much Provision & Goods for Indians when we SeeNone here that wants Either but what they buy.Twelve Hundred of Flour Every Week & Meat in pro-portion is y6 common Eun; he wanted to draw double


ye quantity that he Gave y6 Mingoe Hunters abo1 amonth ago, but ye Commr would not Sign y* order.

13th.—Bain last Night, Keecaise was telling his Cos-sen Nee McCollen, that at Braddock's Defeat there wasnot One of ye Delawares & only four Mingoes & threeShawanas, all y® Rest Northr11 Indians.—Nor at Grant'sDefeat No Delawars but at y® attacks upon Leigonierye two last there were many Delewars.

14th.—Nee McCollon informs me that up LoyalhaningCreek from y* Fort, y6 Indians used to have a Path,which joyned another Leading from Yonghagheny, &Crossed y® Laurel Hill abo* Ten Miles from Legonier,South of ye King's Eoad, by that Path on y* Top of y*Laurel Hill there is Copper Ore which produces Verdi-gress to be seen; also that he used to take Skins in aCannoe up Kiskimmuts & Carry them on their Backsin a Day Cross to ye West Branch Susquehana, beingabo1 16 Miles distance & fine Level Land, from thencehad a Good passage down that Branch, being Two orthree Days journey to where it went through y® Aleg-heny Mountain,—but Good passage through.

15th.—I think we are now too Many for Jn° Hart thohe is an Old Trader & seems to have as great influencein drawing ye Indns as any of them, having bro1 Kee-cais's Son called y® Gentleman Over ye Eiver & lodgedat his house bro1 his Skins over yet ye Gentleman sentfor me when come ashore & ask'd if we would buy themall, which I told him Yes, so we had 110 Skins ye Wholehe had.

16th.—Snow'd all Day & is Winter like. Tho*Hutchins relates that the Indians up above Lake Huronsays One Winter Many Hundrds of them went & lived inHuts made of Rushes, which they Carried a Great Wayon y® Ice & fished there cuting holes through y* Ice, buta Sudden Thaw came with much Wind & Eain, so thatall of them were Drownd'd before they Could reach y®Land—so they call it Devils Lake.


18th.—Nee McCollen Informs me, that at y6 timeFredrick Post came out first with a message from y6

Governm1 inviting y6 Indians to Peace, it was reportedat Mooskingum & all y* Towns, that a Quaker was cometo speak with them & Invite them to Desist, upon whichthey were Glad & agreed to quit Imediately, p haps hadthey not harboured that Oppinion it might gone worsewto Post. This Day we Measured y* Weadth of y6

Monogehela on y* Ice & made it 410 Yards Wide.20th.—Clear'd up but very Cold y* Monongahela Mea-

sured opposite y6 Fort is 430 y*8 over & oppositeGrant's Hill I think it will be 500 y19. We hear that BillHickman a Delaware Indn has Informed Paterson & y*Inhabitants about Juniata that y* Indians intends tobreak out in a War against us Next Spring; but as weknow him to be a Roague & Horse thief, we judge hisreport to be more for Self Ends than Truth or GoodWill to us, not but w4 y8 Mingoes I believe would set ony* Western Nations to Strike us if they Could in orderto Get them undr their Yoke again but I think they can-not Effect it, & they themselves will hardly begin.

21".—I Dreamed abo*2 Nights ago that I see y* Devillooking into our House, only his head put round to peepin, but on seeing me, he withdrew; so I think if y* Agentdoes his part I will do mine & we shall be Enabled tokeep him Out

22*.—I am told y6 Wayendots went to War last fallagainst the Cherokees & carried off two Women Cap-tives ; a Party of the latter persued & tracked y6 Weyon-dots into One of y6 Shawana towns, where they Lay hidin y* Daytime, & at Night looked all about ye Houses,to know whether y* Shawanas had ye Captives, at lastdiscovered themselves to a Shawana Man & Enquiredafter y* Women they had lost; being inform'd y*Wayendots took them that way they sent y6 Shawanaman to Irifonii that they wanted to pass to War againstye Wayondots & Mingoes but would not Molest y*


Shawanas or Delawars so they followed & I hear hastaken 5 or 6 Scalps & prisoners of y* Wayondots, & areat peace V th the Shawanas & Delawars.

23**.—I find that y6 Indian Kings or head men has noarbitary Authority, but that all publick affairs areacted Volentary, Even in Going to War they will hardlypersuade any but all goes Volentary, so that notwith-standing wl y° head men may promise in regard tobringing in y* Prisoners its not in their power norpractice to force any thing from y* rest that they lookupon as their property, without their Consents. Iunderstand that some head men of y6 Shawanas hasPleaded Exceedingly in Councils for Delivering up y6

Prisoners, telling the Indians they were Blind & Stupi-fied & new nothing hardly. This report is Contradictedby some Delawars & says they are going to War againstye Cherokees, & has been geting a War Billet made here.

24th.—Bain all Day. The Prisoners tells me that y*Shawanas always when they Swim Over this Ohio riverlow down, that they are in danger of some MonsterousCreatures pulling them under Water & devouring them,to remedy which they Carry a root with them whichthey either Chew or infuse & rub on thier Skin, y* Smellof which is So offensive to y6 Creatures they will nottutch them, they Say those Creatures (which I take tobe Alegaters) will pull a Buffalo Bull under Water &Destroy him. The Boot used is sd to be Black Angilico,y6 smooke it also.

26th.—About 5 o'CIock this Morning ye Ice in y*Monongehela broke loose, drove so that it Stop'd y6

passage about Shirtees Island & ye Ice penn'd up to y6

Point here, driving up y6 Allegheny, broke some Canoesloose some Stuck in ye Ice & some drove up ye Allegheny.Abo* 7 o'Clock y® Water riseing made a passage below,so it drove away.

27th.—Last Night much Ice drove down y® Alegheny


but it dont rise much this Morning, it seems Clear ofice only along Shore.

28th.—Came y6 Bid Hak, & Wide Mouth's Brother &Teachenosens Head Men of y* Shawanas & 8 or ninemore; bro* Two Women & a Child, delivered them, beingtheir one property & signifies ye rest will come in y6

Spring; also a boy delivered up bro* from y6 Picks,Called Jacob Thomas, his Parents are sd to be in Vir-ginia, his Father Call'd William Thomas.

29th.—Nee McCollon & John Hickman being in ourHouse, was discoursing of Tediuscong & all y6 Remaindr

of y6 Delawares on Susquahanna coming this nextSpring & Settleing on Beaver Creek abo* the Cus-cuskeys where they talked of having a Great Town.

30th.—We proposed to Send these prisoners away toCumberland but y* Command' Cap* Aqnor thinks it istoo hard for 'em to walk & lye in y6 Woods, as y6 Snowslyes on y* Ground tho these that come last lay so coming& they say could not have a Skin to ly on.

2mo 5th.—An Express came here with y6 News of aPeace w* y* French & Spaniards, that y6 English is tohold North America to ye Missippi at which ye SoldiersRejoyce but not y6 Officers. I am very Glad of it &hopes y* Indians may Repent of thier folly.

6th.—Had Some Letters Ordering us to take a NewInventory of all y* Store Goods, & this I am busy about.

10th.—The Allegheny is broke up 2 days ago & a floodin both Rivers, y* Allegheny runs thick with Ice.

14th.—These Shawanas seems very conceited, whichbro* in the Prisoners, & one of their Youngsters told y6

Prisoners in our House, that Geo. Croghan was y6 OnlyMan amongst us they regarded & only for him it mightbe War again, & that none of us knew how to pleaseIndians but him.

16th.—We are of Oppinnion now that there 's no oc-casion of humoring the Indians so much, & Waiting on,


& making such presents as is frequently Made or pre-tend 'd in ye Kings name or nobodys unless y® Givers.

17th.—Its my oppinion that if y* Indians are Spoketo, address'd, or dealt with, in any kind of Transactions,timmorously, as if afraid of them, it makes them y*Bolder, & more insulting or imposing, but when Cir-cumstances will allow it, to Spake Truly, Boldly &Honestly, leting them know their place, their Errors &their duty, & useing them well with all it would cast aDamp upon them that would make them have an Awfullregard for us whereas now they under Vallue us & dis-pise us,—for they are soon danted when dealt boldlywith, being full of Pride & ambition, but Strangers tohumility, but as dogs learns it.

19th.—This Day Sent off ye Prisoners, only JacobThomas who chus'd to Stay untill he heard from hisparents. Sent Sam1 Shittle our hired man a Horse &provissions, along with them as far as Bedford.

21st.—Frederick Post came here last Night fromCyahaga & informs that y® Delawars had Except Jd y6

War Belt & Tomhock, which came from y® Six Nationslast Summer, that they held War dances & Sung ofbringing in more White Prisoners, & of hearing of y*Peace being made & y® French to quit this side y®Missisipi. Their head King Neetotwhelemy, i—e New-comer was Struck dumb for a considerable time & atlast sd he did not know whether y® News was true but ifthey could hear it from their fathers i. e. ye French hewould believe it, sd after that he was affraid, on whichPost told him that shewed he did not love y® Englishotherwise he would be Glad; he sd y® English was growntoo powerfull & seemd as if they would be too Strongfor God himself.

24th.—Frederick Post having Accompanied JosiahDavenport to Buyerlies, he is returned it been SnowyWeather.


26th.—There has Some Pack Horses come & I sent offSix Load of Skins, got 29 Load remaining.

27th.—Some Packhorses come w* Flour as far asTortle Creek where they had Six Horses Stolen, by y6

Indians whom they follow 'd & came up with them, butbeing too Numerous they could not get y* Horses again;the White Men has complain'd to y6 Command1" here& he orderM Croghan to send after them, its said he hassent an Indian about it, but we think that these menwho receive Tracks of Land & presents of y6 Indiansthier Mouths is thereby Stop'd; that they cannot SpakeRight or Boldly telling them y6 Consequence of theirThieveing so that its all Smoothed & y® Indians are notlet into y6 knowledge how much its resented & may beof dangerous consequence to y6 Publick Peace.

28th.—The Mingoes has a Hunting Cabbin about 15Miles up y6 Allegheny; having Stole 6 or 7 Horses inye fall, some White Men went from here a few days ago& Stole y6 sd Horses back to this place while y* Mingoeswere here Dealing their Peltry & its tho* its y6 samethat Stole y6 Six now from Tortle Creek.

3mo 1*\—James Mokesin a Delewar Man Informs methat its agree 'd to by their Whole Nation, to followthire new Plan of Religion, & all their Boys are to beTrain M to y use of the Bow & Arrow for Seven YearsThen to Live intirely on dry'd Meat & a Sort of BitterDrink made of Roots & Plants & Water y6 Women &Antient Men may Raise & Eat Corn at y6 Expirati011 ofy6 Seven Years, to quit all Commerce with y6 WhitePeople & Clothe themselves with Skins, he also sd thatnone of the other Nations, have fell into y6 Scheme, onlyy6 Delawars, & that if any y® others was to drink theirBitter Water they would die,—this is sd to be Physickto purge out all that they got of y6 White peoples ways& Nature.

2nd.—The Prisoners bro* here by y6 Shawanas In-form'd us, that one Day in our house One of thier head


Men calFd ye Corn Cob said, that y* English had noright to live here, & that they should leave it & mustdo it.

3rd.—Some Artificiers come to build Battoes, its sd

to go down this River to Build a fort opposite to NewOrlains, which they say, lies on y* west side y6 Mis-sisippi.

4th.—A fine Day, some Wild Geese flying & y* Snowmelts fast; y® Snow lyes abo* One Yard Deep on y*Laurel hill & y* Great Mountain, by y* Agents Letters& ye Mans acco* that went w* y* Prisoners.

7th.—Rain'd & thunder'd in y* Night & Rain'd all thisDay mostly y6 Rivers Rises fast & we have prepair'dfor a nother Flood having Got our Goods put upstairsclear'd ye Cellar & y* lower Shelves in y6 Store—

8th.—This Morning y6 Water was rose equal to y6

Banks in some places, nothwithstanding some peoplewould not believe that it would overflow, but towardNoon it got in y6 Street & they began to muster off, buty6 dead Faith of Several promp'd 'em to delay carryingaway their Goods untill y* Water was got so high thatthey had to break in y* Roofs or Gable Ends of y*Houses to get them away in Battoes. We kept House &fire untill Night, but had bespoke house room at MarcusHulins, on y6 Hill, if it appeared dangerous to continuein our Own. I had asked y° Command1* Cap* Aquaer,leave to goe into Col1 Burd's House on y* Hill, beingEmpty, he signifyed he would let me have it, but whenI sent for y® Key he told y* Man he must reserve it forhimself to fly too; we Concluded, some of us, to go toHulins & y* others to stay in y* House upstairs whilethey could keep y* Cannoe in y* House, under y* DoorHead, so Frederick Post Chused to stay and Sam1

Shittle I left with him, but their Escape they made iny6 Night, Locking y6 House fast & had difficulty gettingthrough y* Ice.

9th.—The Rain & thaw continued untill this Day, but


slowly & y* Biver Bose by y6 General Acco* abo* 18inches higher then last year. We Came several timesdown in our Canoe & went round y6 house, seeing nodanger, y* Water fell so that in y* Evening we couldget y6 Cannoe run in under y® Door head so I wantedPost to stay on y® Hill & I & our hired Man would getin y® House, but he rather chus'd to come & Sleep upStairs in our house, which they two did, ye Wind roseso high in y® night that they were affraid y® Housewould tumble down & Post had got an Ax ready to beatoff the Shingles to get out on ye Boof in that case.

10th.—This Morning y® Water fell so that y® Groundwas bare round our house, so we got a fire Made &Cleared y® Mud off y® floors; ye Wind blew so high &not Cold, that I set ye Windows all open & got y® floorsdry before Night; had put all y® Goods up stairs & sohigh on y® Shelves in y6 Store, that we had nonedammaged, only our Garden Posts & pailes were car-ried off.

11th.—To Day we Got ye ditch oppen'd to y® Biver &into y® Cellar to Carry off y® Water had two Men laid-ing y® Water & throwing into ye Bace all the day, wehave it almost empty; catched some young pearch inbailing out y® Water.

12th.—It frose smartly last Night, Anthony Tamsony® Tanner being coming up from y6 Country having bo*a Negro Girl & came to y® House on this side TortleCreek, dined there but would not be persuaid'd to stay,y® Water of y® Creek had overflowed y® Bottoms so thatcoming to a run that cross'd ye Boad to y® Creek he wasDrown 'd there & y® Negro Girl could Stand where hewas & tryed to help him out but beeing too heavy & sherelates she left him holding by a tree & went back to y®house taking both their Horses back, informed y*People—this hapen'd y® 8th Ins1 y® same Day Shepherdwho was ye head Carpenter here only Coming from hisfather-in-laws Viz Midcalfs about Nine Miles along y0


road from here, came off with some other Company tocome here to his Wife he delay'd behind y6 rest, & theycame y* new road, he took y* Old One & came to whereit takes close to y6 Alegheny River in y* Bottom wherehe was found Dround'd.

13th.—I have had much discoarse wth F. Post & findhim so bigotted that he censures All others, & shewslittle Charrity for any that differs from his Principles.

14th.—There are three Coffins washed bare, over ony* Island & painted its like some Indians that dyedthere in y6 War time.

15th.—Wrote to y® Commissioners, & y* Agent, Jn°Armstrong, a Delaware Man, Informs me that Simonof Cuscuskey & 19 more y* Delawars are gone down y*Eiver to War against the Cherokees, & that some of ally6 Western Nations & two Hundr Mingoes are going, butit proves false.

16th.—Sent my Letters off with Ensign Hutchins hegoing to Bedford on his way to Carolina.

,20th.—Frederick Post has had a Meeting to Day withy* Millitary Men & y* Inhabitants, in y6 foorenoonpreach'd in English, yc afternoon in Dutch, but I wentnot to hear them; they had y® Musitioners playingHymns & they were Drunk yesterday. I dreamed twoNights ago that I happened to Sit down in some Strangehouse with some Company & instantly it was madeknown to me, so that I doubted it not, that ye Devil satin y* Company, I felt great abhorance & resentmentof Mind, & as I was geting up to depart I looked withresentment at y6 Devil & he appeared to have FrederickPosts ficognomy & Dress in all appearance, So I de-parted, & awaked. This Man has told me that y6

papists did not Worship Idols & endeavour'd to Excusetheir making such things as if useful, but I shamed himso that he was Struck Silent. He told me, that St.Patrick's Night, so call'd, as he was drinking with y6

officiers, & Geo. Croghan being President by y6 Name


of St. Patrick, Drank Several Healths when y6 Presi-dent gave out King James's Health, which pass'd tillit came to Lieu1 Roscurdge who sd, he was a Dam'dBaschael & although Much in Licquor was oblidg'd todrink a Bumper for refusing. I told Post in someparts this would be looked upon like Treason & y6 Manthat had that so near his heart was not very fit to beTrusted as an Indn Agent for y° Crown of England, con-sidering what Interest & Influence he has amongst somany Nations of Indians, & ye Effect that French orSpanish Money might have on him.

21*\—This Old Man i. e. Post, would also endeavourto make us believe that y* Christians had Given y* Days& Months y* Common Names they go by when they hadalter 'd y* Sabbath to y* first Day of ye Week, but I toldhi™ he must produce better proof for that, before Ishould believe him, & that they were fell into greatAppostisey if they done so.

This Man Professes Strongly of experienceing y*work of regeneration, being 12 Years under greatExercise of Mind, & now says he is led by y* divineSpirit but he Sallutes men by y6 Hat & bowing & Cring-ing drink Healths & be their Humble Servant.

Post Told me, that Men led by ye Divine Spirit Mightpreach at any time they pleased, I told him they might& Exhort but not have y* Testimoney of Jesus which isy* Spirit of Prophesey.

26th.—The Indians seem under great Concern at y6

Advantage y* English has Gain'd, by the peace beingundr jealousys that we will revenge their formerInsults.

27th.—I have told some y6 Indians on this Acco* thatour principles leads us to better things then theirs dothem, One of the Delawars called John Armstrong, wholed a party of them in y* War, & is reconed an HI fellowhad much discorse on this Subject & he's disapprovingof y* Western Council fire being Errected signifying


that ye Old One at Philada & Onandago or Albany was y*Best & that at Philad* was always Good, I asked him,as it was so and Pennsylva always used them well, whydid they Breake it, & put it out by Going to War; hisanswer was that y6 white people covets y* Land & Eatthem out by Inches & that they are doing y6 same here,which was against y6 Will of God. I told him that iftheir people would amend their ways leave off y*Abominations they had amongst 'em & fear God, thenhe might Establish & increase them, but if they resistedas they do; it was my oppinion that they would Vanish& decay away & that y6 Great Creator was Angry withtheir Works & would Give their Contry to Other people,if they Strove by War to divert it, it would come somuch y* sooner to pass, observing ye Effects of the lastWar; he Acknowledged it might be so for he belivedGod was Angry with them.

30th.—The sd Indian wants to Go with me & Old NeeMcCollon & his Son when we Go to Philada but wasaffraid y* White people would kill him, but I removedhis jelousey much on that head, but dont Covet hisCompany as he loves Liquor too much.

31st.—The Other two Above, has Engaged me to Waittheir time & Go with them to which I am very free.

4mo 1*\—Frederick Post has been Courting me to gowith him amongst y* Western & Northern Nations ofIndians & so round to Cannada, but my Constitution I ,think might not be sufficient for y* Living I must besubject too to bear it.

He tells me, he knows of No Man Else, Amongst ourFriends that understands, or is fit to go amongst y* In-dians, & Owned that I had some religion which he willalow very few to have,—but y* more I know of Indianaffairs ye less I covet it.

He also Informs me, that when Geo. Croghan wasgoing to ye Treaty Held at Detroit 2 Tears ago, he toldhim that it was not necessary to insist on Delivering up

VOL. XXXVII.—13


y Prisoners yet, but in time we might Get them all;—also last fall after y* Treaty at Lancaster when McKeewas sent by Croghan to y6 Shawanas, Post told him atTuscorawas that some of them were coming up w^Prisoners, he answer 'd he wish'd they had deferred itLonger.

4th.—Whatever y6 Cause of these Messages might be,sent by McKee we see no better Effect this Spring, thenthat, we hear there is 100 of y6 Shawana Wariorscoming to see what Good usage they shall receiveamongst us, & no prisoners but five that they haddeliv'd to McKee in y6 Winter; he is now return'd &these are coming at his Heels, a very likely Scheam toincrease the Charges to our Province, or to ease dislikein y* Indians to it, as y* Commanders here alows nopresents to be made them by Croghan, since ye Provincehas took it in Hand, & now he wanted to Slip off toBedford out of their way, but ye Commandr told me heshall Stay their Coming.

5th.—Croghan wanted to Settle some Accote of Goodsdeld him by y6 Command1* Orders for y6 Indians, out ofour Store, offering me Peltry or a Draft on Philada ashe termed it, but I refus'd both, untill y* Agent comes,not knowing whether his Draft might be protested, &knowing y® Peltry he has to offer are not Merchantable,& upon settleing must deliver him y® Orders we hadfrom y* Command1*8 & put ye whole in his power.

12th.—I sent off ye remaindr of ye Peltry we had onhand 17 Horse Loads.

13th.—The Shawana Wariors are Come 90 in Numr

& 5 prisoners, they saluted y6 Fort wth three rounds ofShot & were answered by firing three Cannon Shot.

14th.—I Coppied a piece of Writing that Cr F. PostDraw'd up about all his journeys & Messages amongstye Indians for ye Publick & complains he only receiv'd£100 of y* Province of Pennsylvania which was not overwhat his Expences came to. It 's word'd as if done by


another hand, & directed to y* printers of ye LondonMagazine to have it published in hopes to have somepension settled on him.

15th.—John Ormsby is returned & a New Commissaryto take his place. Josiah Davenport returned & bro4

me a Letter from y* Commissioners giving their Apro-bation of my going down to see my friends. The Sha-wanas that came here Lately, as I supose Invited inorder to create Expences to ye Province & forbid tobring in y® Prisoners, but ye Deputy Agent being dis-appointed as Josiah Davenport was not here, there wasnone to Act in regard to making presents in behalf ofye Province, so Croghan nor his deputy Spoke at ye

Treaty but Jn° Hart, a Trader, was employ'd & Orderedto take Eleven Bundles Skins that y6 sd Indians hadbro* (when y* first party came in ye Winter & some thislast party bro*) to deliver them with ye Prisoners thatwas to all come this Spring, these Skins were depossitedin the Fort untill ye Prisoners were delivered which iscertain Since they had fully determined & would havebro* them had not Some of us that find it our Intrestput a Stop to it. So Hart took ye Peltry & deliveredthem presents to y* Value as he liked, I supose, it wastalked y6 Indians were not very well Satisfied but theyhave no reason to blame any one unless them that In-vited them on this idle Errand. Ye Chief they said wasthat they come to Eat & drink with us & see us & thisthey did for ye Command1" Spared them Liquor enoughto make them drunk; they mentioned that they see ye

English were making Shoes to go down y6 Eiver, butthey gave it as a friendly Advice that they might not godown to be contented here at this place, for there weremany Bad people down there, but were answered thatit was agread on by ye Kings of England & France, thaty® former should take possession of y6 Forts ye otherhad There, & that we should not go in y6 Dark but in y*Open Light no War being Intended—So being asked


when they would bring in all y6 Prisoners they answer Mthey did not know, & its very like to be true, because y6

man that they chiefly adhere to amongst us has carriedhis Polliticks so far that they do not know his pleasureyet in that point but I hear y* General has refused topay him all y* Large Sums he made presents of to y*Indians on y8 King's Account, & as he will now be indanger of haveing no more presents of Land made himfrom y* Indians, also apearing Meaner or poorer inthier Eyes since he's no longer enabled to put largelyinto thier mouths, so he is for declineing ye Service, &perhaps expects a Thousand pounds from y* King tobring him back to go down y* Missisippi, but he hasgained too much influence over y* Indians already atother peoples cost which one day y6 English may beconvinced of.

5mo 6th.—Some Days ago came an Express fromDetroit with Letters from Cap* Campbell that y6 MiamiIndians had taken up y* Belt that was handed roundamongst ye Indians last fall in order to joyne y6

Mingoes to go to War with us, having deliver'd sd Beltto him & aquaint'd him with y6 Scheam. A party ofabout 30 Mingoes of which Silver Heels was one camehere going to War w* ye Cherokees, they applyed to theCommand1" Cap1 Aquoyer for some Amunition but re-ceived none & was told of their War Belts they send outSo often in ordr to raise War against us. I went to seeSilver Heels, being such a Steady friend to y* Englishduring y* War, & Shew'd my regard for him amongstthem by giving him some good Tobacco, & Mentionedto my Company that he was y6 Man that went toMartinico w* y6 English, at which he seem'd wellpleas'd. Many of y* others were half French I under-stood, but ye Cap* seem'd to be all Indn.

10th.—Some Traders that came here from Salt Licks,up Beaver Cr, say that y* Delawars had held a GeneralFeast, there y* Provision for it was 24 Bears 24 Deer


24 Turkeys & 24 Squirrels, by report they Hold thisfeast Yearly but Last Year had mist so this year theyprovided Double y° Quantity of Provission, y* Yearlyalowance being but 12 of a Sort, & y6 manner of per-forming it is. They Choose 6 Men head Councilors & 6Young Men 12 in Numr which bring 12 Stones & makethem red Hot in a fire, on which Stones they Burn y6

fat of y* Creaturs, in this manner, they bring 12 polesor long rods with Which they make a Booth cover'dwith Blankets, in this Boothe they have y* Hot Stones& burn y6 fat in it where thy Swet, & at y6 same timeSpake out to y* People, in y6 following manner: Hearall of you & take Good Notice that in this manner YourGrandfather's performed their Worship, y* others givesy* Approbation, so y6 Old Men in ye Booth make a hum-ing Noise as by way of adoration or Prayer, & theWhole is finished with Singing & Dancing.

14th.—I have been down to Ligonier & back to Clap-pums at y6 mouth of Sweekly Creek & have taken ye

Courses (& Esteem* y® Distances, at 20 p8 at a time)all round.

24th.—Dealt with Keecaises Son call'd y6 Gentlemanabove £41. Worth (before Breakfast this Morning) inPeltry.

25th.—Some people here applying to Frederick Postto Marry them, he advised them to perform it as theydo by a Magistrate and applyed to me to write a mar-riage Certificate which I did, as also an Advertism* tostand 30 Days before y6 Marriage be performed. Theyoung man being a Soldier did not like being advertised,but being y* Command™ Waiting man y* Command1*oblidg'd him to it, so y* Advertisemts are put up inthree sundry places, which makes ye people here Stair,in being so Strange a thing here.

27th.—This morning soon came over ye AlleghenyCustologas* Brother & Son James Mocasin y6 TortlesHeart & another Indn from Shenangoe. I went to y6


Shore to meet them & invited 'em to our House to Deal,so most of them came; we Delt about 80 Pounds worthbefore Dinner; they were in an unusual hurry, bo1 aGood deal of Powdr & Lead & want'd more Powdr butwe had it not well to Spair; they seemed in no badhumour but rather in fear & haste, y® Tortle's Heartdid not cross ye river w111 y* rest but went to Allexr

McKee & asked him when he tho't to go down in ye

Country, McKee answer'd in Ten Days; y* Indian de-sired he would go that Day or in four Days at furthestor else he should not expect to see him alive more &Signified as if ye Indians was just ready to Strike us.

28th.—The Command1" set y6 Men to repair y* Fort.&fasten up fachiens to Screen y* Men; orders was issuedto all y6 Inhabitants to form them into a Militia y6 nextDay.

29th.—This Morning before I was up, Cap* Trentcalled at my window & told me that Wm Clappum (whohad been y6 Collonel) & most of his Work people wasKilled, two men having made their escape, one of whichI seen at our House after, who informed us that y6

Agent's Horse was Stole by y* Indians, that I left atClappums abo* two Weeks before.

This morning at Breakfast I acquainted y6 Agentthat if he would get ready y6 Inventory of y6 Goods(which wanted but a few Hours work to compleat it),I would be for Setting off, as I Expected to have beenready & Gone before that time, but he signified I mightas well Stay over untill I seen y* Consequence of y*reports of y6 Indians & whether they would come toattack y* Fort or not. As he delayed finishing it fory* Matter of two Weeks, having no hinderance, I Ex-pected he would detain me untill y® Communicati011

would be cut off with y® Inhabitants & then I must tarryuntill Winter perhaps, which I did not choose, havingy* Commissioners Leave above a Month before to comeDown. I Considered of it Silently & y® determination


was to go to y° Command1" & ask him for a Pass, whichI did & he Granted & Wrote a few Lines with me to y6

Serjint that was at F* Burd at Bedstone, desireing himto come with his two men in a Canoe down to Pitts-burgh. Te Agent seemed in a Passion at my Going offso, & Signified I looked upon myself as my own Master,& that I must not Expect to return there again whilehe was Agent, I told him I did not intend it, & uponasking him how long he wanted me to waite for y6

Inventory, he signified he would not tell me nor I shouldnot Stay now if I would, being I presumed to go on myown Accord, now Goe I must for this Boston Man fromye Beginning I tho1 wanted an Assistant of his ownChoosing whom he might claim more domminion overthen he could over me, as I was choose by y6 Com-missioners. He Acknowledged we never had no differ-ences, so I told him not to be in a Passion as I had noIntention of affronting him, so I tooke my leave of him& having bo1 a little Packhorse for Seven Pounds I setoff. Frederick Post accompany'd me over y* Mononga-hela & I tooke a long Path to Bedstone Creek, make afire & Slept in ye woods; was very well Satisfied inmind.

30th.—This Day came to y* Biver opposite y6 FortBurd, where Indn Peter and a White man was workingat Corn; ye White man put me over in a Cannoe, Swamy6 Creature. I informed them of y6 Indians breakingout agin which put them in Great fear; got Breakfast atIndian Peter's House & they talked that he & his familywould come down in ye Contry amongst his Wifesrelations, being a White Woman. Set off & met y6

Serjent & Jn° Clark who had abo* 40 Pack Horses thenlying at Gest's place with Indn Goods, which he sent aMan out for, & they talked of Geting into y* Fort havingabo* 14 Men in all about y* place. Lay in y* Woodsbetween Dunbars Camp & ye Great Meadows.

31Bt.—Came to y* Upper crossing of Youhiogheny


where there is three f amilys living, Virginians, I lodgedat a House of Cap* Spears, his Brother being there, twoof his Children & a Negro; a Man that lived on y* Westside of y6 Creek set off Directly to Paterson's Creek toget Speer to Send up Horses to Carry them away. TwoWomen & some Children being by themselves on thatside y6 Creek Stayed there & one of them Loaded a GunI heard to stand in her defence if y* Indians Shouldcome.

6mo lBt.—Came this Day to George's Creek on y6 EastSide y Allegheny Mountains. I seen an Indian runacross through ye Alders & Thickets a Head of us, (hav-ing an old Man with me from y® Crossing) or Else someBay or brown Creature must have deceived me much,as what I seen appears Straight in y6 Shape a Man &not over 10 or 12 Yards off. This night it was so Coldat y* House by George's Creek we thot there was frost.

2nA.—Came only 12 Miles to Fort Cumberland, mylittle Beast having given out, so that I walked a Greatpart y6 Boad. I swaped it for a large Strong Horse,but not in very good order with one Martin, a Car-penter, who was undertaking of Building ye New StoreHouse & repairing y° Old. I Drew a Bill on ye Com-missioners for £14.13.0.1 was to Give to Boot, he soldy6 Horse for a year.

3rd.—Came as far as Flints on Potomak abo* 12 Milesabove Fort Frederick, civil people.

4th.—Dined at F* Frederick & came as far as whereMushet Lived on Canochochique.

5th.—Dined at Shippinstown & lodged at McAllesters,within 5 Miles of Carslile.

6th.—Called at Francis Wests, at Carslile, but madebut little Stay, came to James Kenny's near Croghan'sGap & sent Mathew Kenny with a few Lines to myBrother Charles & Wm Bales people, who were at workover at y6 Tuscorora Creek.

7th.—This Evening Mathew return'd & brings Word


that they would come off tomorrow so I wait their com-ing, as they will be company for me to Chester CountyI expect,

8th.—Charles & Wm Bale Junr came over & agreed togo back and bring their things away.

9th.—I set off & get to Scotts near Lancaster. Lodgedthere this night.

10th.—Came into Lancaster, had Breckfast & so pro-ceed'd, came to Wm Bales in y® Great Valley, stayed twoDays as it rain'd.

13th.—Came to Kennet where my Mother Lived whowas exceeding glad to see me.

15th.—Got to Philad\ Davenport having Wrote byy Second Express that came from Pittsburgh to y8

Commissioners, endeavoured to throw Aspersions onme for comeing away without his Honours Appro-bation, & forbid them Settleing my Account untill hispleasure was further known Concerning it. Here Imust ly out of my Money, for that Proud Man's re-vengeful pleasure. It often comes in my mind y6 sayingof George Croghan, to Frederick Post, after y6 lastTreaty at Lancaster (Croghan Shewed his resentmentso to our Province Interfering with Indian affairs), hesaid, y* dammage the Province had done by that Treatywould not be repaired this Seven Years. Now I ques-tion w* dammage has ever been known to arise from afriendly Conference with y* Indians, by a people theyalways profess to regard, & such a people to make thempresents of some considerable Value, are these thingscause of Agrivations to Indians, I think not, so that y6

Agrivation was to him, & his Influence may cause dis-turbance this Seven Years, for his power was muchfelt; y* General allowing him to make no presents to y*Indians since y6 Province had granted a Sum for thatpurpose, & it was said that y6 General had refused topass some of his Accounts for Gifts given y* Indians.

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