contract models for virtual teaching helsinki university porthania iii 24 october 2001 kristiina...
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Contract Models for Virtual Teaching
Helsinki University Porthania III24 October 2001Kristiina HarenkoAttorneys at Law
Borenius & Kemppinen Oy
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Assignment of the Working Group
• Information strategy for education and research
• Contract models for virtual teaching– education organiser’s own projects – joint projects
• Needs for contracts– employee-> organiser’s own use -> joint projects– outside author -> organiser’s own use -> joint
project
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Contract Models
• Agreement on material created within the course of employee’s working obligations
• Agreement between an organiser and outside author
• Agreement on joint projects
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Use of Model Contracts
• Contract models function as tools, no obligation to use contract models
• Applicability shall be considered on case by case basis and necessary modifications shall be made
• Future development of the models is important– collecting feedback– identifying problems
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Use of Model Contracts
• Different Contract Models form an entity– the rights for joint projects are derived from
the original authors– the organisers cannot assign / license more
rights than they have acquired from authors by agreements
– the basic concepts are uniform in different agreements
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Virtual teaching
• The virtual teaching shall mean education – organised by the organiser according to its
curriculum;– provided to organiser’s students via network;
and– include face-to-face teaching related to
education via network
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Organiser’s (user) rights
• ”All rights” shall mean the exploitation of study material in any manner and form, e.g.– recording materials into computer memory, on
videotape or other device – distributing copies (e.g. prints) to others– performing a work – displaying a work– making a work available to others by other means
(sending via e-mail)
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User’s rights
• Point of departure broad rights – the means and methods of exploitation are not limited
• The context and the purpose of the use are limited– the exploitation is permitted only in the context and for
the purpose of virtual teaching
• User’s rights are granted on non-exclusive basis, the granted rights do not limit the author’s right to exploit his/her own work (or other protected subject matters)
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Right to transfer rights to third party
• The point of departure is that the organiser has right to transfer rights to other organisers
• A transfer right is necessary in order to be able to use the materials in joint projects
• In joint projects the context and purpose of use are limited – Similar limitations with transferor, no one can
transfer more extensive rights than it has acquired
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Modification rights
• The modification rights are included in the agreements
• Note– ”all rights” do not include modification rights
and right to transfer rights to third party– modification rights and right to transfer rights
to third party shall be separately agreed on.
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Moral rights
• The users shall respect author’s moral rights– the obligation is based on mandatory provisions in
Copyright Act– provisions are included in the agreements for
informative purposes
• Moral rights– the name of author shall be mentioned in a good
manner– the reputation and integrity of an author shall be
protected
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Application of the Agreements
• Agreement with employees is only applied to materials created by an author within the course of his/her obligations as an employee
• In other cases the agreement with outside authors is applied– agreement can be applied to other rightholders
than original authors (e.g. publisher, producer)
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Application of the Agreements
• The liability of an employee is defined according to general liability principles in employment relation
• In other cases an author shall be liable for all damages and expenses which may have arisen from an infringement of third party’s copyrights
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Application of the Agreements
• in joint projects the parties of an agreement are legal entities
• all parties have only rights acquired from authors or performing artists (by agreements)
• each party is liable for the rights of its own materials
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Other provisions
• Remuneration– no specific remuneration in addition to a salary– lump sum payment– other (e.g. royalty)– a remuneration can be a combination of a
lump sum payment and royalty
• The remuneration can be freely agreed on
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Other Provisions
• Identification and specification of materials• Author’s obligations / parties’ obligations• Means of delivery• Inspection / testing and acceptance of
materials• Ownership of a tangible copy (e.g. CD-ROM
record)• Storage obligations (archive copies)
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Other Provisions
• Warranty obligations• Maintenance and updating• Students’ rights
– reference to students agreement
• Confidentiality– protection of confidential information
• Non-competition clause
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Other Provisions
• Breach of contract– liability for direct damages– indirect and consequential damages only in
case of wilful act or gross negligence
• Entry into force and termination of an agreement
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Other Provisions
• Termination with immediate effect– substantial breach of contract, which is not
remedied within thirty (30) days after other party’s written notification
• Agreement and its annexes • Amendment of an agreement (in writing)• Contact persons, notifications
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Other Provisions
• Governing Law and settlement of disputes– Finnish law– First mutual negotiations – General district court
• organiser’s main place of activities• joint project: can be freely agreed on
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Joint Project Specific Questions
• Rights to each party’s own materials• Rights to deliverables (result materials
of the project)• Organisation and decision making
procedure of the project– a list of issues to be agreed on in joint
projects is attached to the model contract
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Students’ Agreements
• students’ rights to use study materials– limited to studying purposes– a student is responsible for the use by his/her user code
or password
• organiser’s right to use materials created by students – in the context of the course in which a student is
participating – the license expires at the end of the course– more extensive rights shall be separately negotiated