Contributions Of The Scientists

Amit Kumar Gurkul Kangri University,

Haridar

Contents

Contributions of the Scientists in the field of microbiology :

1. Louis Pasteur

2. Robert Koch

1. Louis PasteurBorn : 27 December, 1822Died : 28 September, 1895Country : FranceKnown for: Pasteurization,

Fermentation process, Vaccines for rabies and anthrax

He was a French chemist and microbiologist.He is known for his discoveries of principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization.He crushed the doctrine of spontaneous generation.

Louis Pasteur in his laboratory

He reduced the mortality from puerperal fever.He created first vaccines for rabies and anthrax.His medical discoveries provided direct support for the germ theory of disease.He is best known for his invention of the technique of treating milk & wine by gentle heating to stop bacterial contamination, a process now called pasteurization.

Louis Pasteur experiment for crushing the doctrine of spontaneous generation

Pasteur also made significant discoveries in chemistry, most notably on the molecular basis for the asymmetry of certain crystals and racemization.He is known as the ‘Father of modern microbiology’.

2. Robert KochBorn : 11 December, 1843Died : 27 May, 1910Country: GermanyKnown for : Discovery of

bacteriologyKoch’spostulates of germ theory,

Isolation of anthrax, tuberculosis,

and cholera

He was a German physician and pioneering microbiologist.

He is best known for giving four postulates, now called Koch’s postulates.

He discovered the causative agent of anthrax – Bacillus anthracis.

Koch determined the causative agent of cholera, isolating Vibrio cholerae.

He reported the causative agent of tuberculosis – Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Bacillus anthracis

Vibrio cholerae

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

o Koch received the Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine in 1905 .

oHe is known as the ‘Father of bacteriology’.

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