Converged Technologies Improve Operator Awareness, Leading to Increased Performance and Safety

Using Situational Awareness Theories in the Design of Fleet Management System Onboard Interfaces

Shovel Operator Responsibilities

Production MonitoringPayload Monitoring

Track ElevationBucket PositioningEquipment Health

Missing Tooth DetectionProximity AwarenessBlind Area Viewing

…

Convergence

Convergence

256 TonsElevation

Tooth Detect

Cut/FillAGS Machine Health

Proximity

PayloadCamera

Convergence

256 Tons

Situational Awareness

Situational Awareness (SA) is being aware of what is happening around you and understanding how information, events, and your own actions will impact your goals and objectives, both now and in the near future. Lack of SA is one of the primary factors in accidents attributed to Human Error.

Nullmeyer, Stella, Montijo, & Harden, 2005

Global Mining Standards

Asset Management

Mobile Mining Equipment Onboard Data and Access

MME Onboard Technology and Connectivity

Situational Awareness

Underground Mining

Operational Safety and Risk Management

Situational AwarenessIncreased technology does not necessarily improve SA, in fact the effect can be quite the opposite

It’s Happening in Mining

•Fleet Management Systems - loading efficiencies, KPI’s•Machine Guidance - floor elevation•Arm Geometry Systems - precision bucket placement•Payload Monitoring - maximize tonnage in truck, avoid warranty violations•PLCs - monitoring machine performance•Proximity Detection - equipment proximity warnings•Fatigue Monitoring - evaluating the wakefulness of the operator•Cameras - 360 views to observe surroundings•Shovel Tooth Detection - monitor and alert for possible missing teeth• …

SAWGSituational Awareness Working Group

Display Manager

Wenco - Windows CE – Touch Screen

Microsoft - Pocket PC 2000 - Stylus

Pioneers of TouchScreenNo Standards – Entirely Custom UI

Hired UI Specialist

Tester and User Experience - BFB- Not all info at same time- Screen changes based on state

Simple concept made difficult with addition of multiple technologies from ourselves and third parties

Wenco MDT3 RaMP Circa 2000

Current Integration- Wenco• Fleet Management

– Incremental truck loading payload, material types, dump locations, eta of next truck, delays, downs, and operating statuses, messaging, shift production KPIs

• Machine Guidance– Track elevation, design elevation, cut/fill recommendations, pitch and roll,

load blend calculations, automated dig block reconciliation…• Bucket Positioning

– Arm geometry calculations, graphical depiction, cut/fill recommendations, automated dig block reconciliation

• Proximity Awareness– Position, status, and direction of other equipment, proximity alerts, hazards

and exclusion zones

BenchManager

Numerous Data SourcesInformation from other industry suppliers

Motion Metrics Shovel Tooth Detection PressurePro Tire Monitoring

MSR Reutech Slope Monitoring Omnicomm Fuel Sensors Guardvant Fatigue Monitoring

Unified Alarm System

Time: 5/16/2013 3:22:02 PMSystem: Tire Monitoring High Temp RF

Tabbed Access

Key Situational Concepts1. Making Sure Operator Doesn’t feel “Out-of-the-Loop”

Must know the state of the software, that it is up to date and displaying correct information

2. Mode Awareness – UnderstandingEnsuring the operator understands why the system is doing what it’s doing

3. Decision SupportEnsuring the operator is using the system for adequate decision making. System should boost decision making effectiveness by providing necessary information

Out of The Loop

• Colour coded signals for core inputs and outputs• Opacity to indicate confidence of data

Mode Awareness

Current Mode (Status)

One-touch next Status

• Automatically switch between PitNav and standard MDT screen

• Switch based on status and/or GPS speed

Automated Switching

Decision Support

Conclusion• Wenco designs GUIs to support the ability of shovel operators to handle complex

and rapidly changing situations in which informed decisions need to be made under tight time constraints

• This involves far more than merely being aware of numerous pieces of data

• Operators must understand integrated meaning of what they are perceiving in light of their goals

• Situational Awareness empowers operators to safely and efficiently move material within the mine’s operating guidelines and towards the goals of the company.

• To learn more about SA and GMSG please visit www.globalminingstandards.org

Wenco Fleet Management Plan and Forecast for Shifts, Monitor and Control Production, Optimize Payload, Deliver Required Blend to Plant, Optimize Refuelling, Minimize Consequence of Delays and Downs, Improve Operator Efficiency.

Build to Design on First Pass, Reduce Need for Surveying, Evaluate Road Networks, Use As-Built (Dug) Data in Mine Plan Updates, Environmental Accountability.

Track Personnel Hours, Track On-Vehicle Training, Verify Qualifications on Shift Start, Instant Notification of Safety Issues (speed violation, checklists, exclusion zones, proximity alarms), Accident Investigation.

Identify Performance Indicators and Set Targets, Compare Actual vs Target, Review - Adjust – Plan, Activity Based Costing, Notification of Priority Data on Mobile Devices, Export Data to ERP.

Operations

Maintenance

Engineering

Human Resources

Management

Prevent Warranty Violations (Payload …), Immediate Notification and Action on Issues (Alarms and Pre-Start Checks), Analysis and Trending of Machine Health, Equipment Downtime Accountability and Management.