converting tacit knowledge into explict november 2010
DESCRIPTION
Presentation on converting tacit knowledge into explicit.TRANSCRIPT
presents
CAPTURING TACIT KNOWLEDGE INTO KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
NITIN POTDAR, [email protected]
BASICS …BY ALBERT EINSTEIN
1. Information is not knowledge…..
2. The only source of knowledge is experience….
DATA! DATA!! AND DATA!!!
• Millions of books/ periodicals/ newspapers/ research reports/ interviews/ videos/ movies.
• 23 Crores web pages indexed in 2009, and 7.03 Crores websites indexed by Yahoo! as of August 2005. Approx billions of emails sent everyday, billions of images & videos uploaded on several servers.
• As we talk hundreds of new books are being written, thousands of interviews/ news items are being reported and lakhs of webpages are being uploaded on the internet!
WHY MANAGE DATA?
• To avoid resources & time in identifying right information.
• To help creating latest/ updated solution.
• Avoid duplication of work or ‘reinventing the wheel’
• To identify new opportunities, and build on previous work.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT VALUE CHAIN
DATA
RELEVANT INFORMATION
EXPLICIT TACIT
How does a bicycle work? Theory How to ride a bicycle?
EXPLICIT(easily collected, organized and transferred)
• Documents, • Correspondence, • Reports & interviews,• Diagrams, • Database,• Audio & Video Visuals,• Webpage.
TACIT (context-specific, personal & hard to
formalize)
• Skills sets• Observation• Comments• Insights• Experience
• Perspectives• Judgment• Wisdom• Attitude.
WHY TACIT KNOWLEDGE IS CRUCIAL
• Mere information of law is no longer an USP…..• Clients pay for ‘solutions’ not ‘information’• Information imperfections do not exist in the practice of
law• Real-time transactions require firms to offer real-time
solutions• Practice of law requires firms to adapt and replicate
knowledge into readily usable form
KNOWLEDGE VARIANTS
• EXPLICIT Can be codified in tangible form Can be easily communicated and shared Characteristics – “Know-What”, “Know-Why” and
“Know-Who”
• TACIT Highly personal and therefore inexpressible Not easy to visualize and hard to express Characteristics – “Know-How” Is highly elusive
TACIT KNOWLEDGE: CHALLENGES
• ARTICULATION CHALLENGES Tacit knowledge is a mixture of deliberations, subjective
insight, intuition and judgment Difficult to articulate and store Requires extensive personal contact and mentoring
• CULTURAL CHALLENGES Sharing not part of corporate culture Insecurity / Lack of Trust Lack of absorptive capacity Intolerance for creativity ‘Not-invented-here’ or ‘proprietary’ syndrome
TRANSFERRING TACIT KNOWLEDGE
MOVEMENT OF TACIT KNOWLEDGE
“Movement of tacit knowledge within the organization is a distinct experience, not a gradual process of dissemination, and depends on the characteristics of everyone involved…..more of a mindset issue!”
TYPICAL DAILY INFORMATION FLOW
• Business News Papers– News/ Reports/ Opinions/ Interviews/ images.
• Books/ Periodicals• Documents received
– Emails/ Agreements/ Opinions/ Research Memos.
• Phone & Video Calls• Official Meetings/ Discussions• Social meetings.
How much do we systematically store & how much do we share?
INDIVIDUALLY DEALING WITH DAILY INFORMATION FLOW
• Create systematic folders and sub-folders on the Computer– Documents
• Agreement for Sale• Escrow Agreement
– Correspondence– Opinions
• While storing any document name it correctly and fill in the in the “Summary”.
• Install “Google Desktop” or similar search engine.
• More importantly start sharing.
MODES OF TRANSFERRING – TACIT KNOWLEDGE
Socialization Externalization Combination Internalization
MODES OF TRANSFERRING contd..• SOCIALIZATION - Tacit to Tacit
Occurs through apprenticeship, mentoring or collegial relations. Also described as “implicit learning” or “learning by doing”
• EXTERNALIZATION – Tacit to ExplicitWritten down or communicated through anecdotes, narratives, conversations, memos, emails, presentations, group discussions, etc. Also described as “articulation”
• COMBINATION – Explicit to ExplicitKnowledge transferred though standardized and systematic procedures. For ex., through a computer database
• INTERNALIZATION – Explicit to TacitResults in distribution of knowledge throughout the organisation and beyond.
PROCESS OF CAPTURING TACIT KNOWLEDGE
• Organizational culturePromoting knowledge-sharing tradition
• Discipline creating individual discipline and corporate discipline.
• Using technologyCapturing and recording knowledge on Information Systems, including document management, web-sites/ intranet.
PROCESS OF CAPTURING TACIT KNOWLEDGE (Contd.)
• Partner TrainingSenior Partners to contribute training in a drop-in fashion and share real-life experiences
• Insulating against attritionOrganize deal de-briefs, discussions on transactional dynamics
• Meetings and conferencesOrganizing deal debriefings, informal discussions to discussion transactional dynamics
INDIVIDUAL DISCIPLINE
• Storing information systematically on computers,
• Writing short memos/ notes / observations/ explanations/ footnotes.
• Key to success is …..start sharing knowledge with others & without any expectations!
Before you shut this PPT, please forward it to your 9 friends………..and see the results in 24 hours!
[email protected] Vakils House, 18 Sprott Road
Ballard Estate, Mumbai 400 001. IndiaT: +91 22 4341 8505 F: +91 22 4341 8616